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Introduction oMindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)

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MBSR Instructor Peggy Chang

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Preface Application of mindfulness practice in modern medicine and psychotherapy

In the emerging trend of medical research, the physical and thepsychological are no longer regarded as two separate, unrelatedentities

!olistic, integrati"e health in"ol"es not only the physiological factors,#ut also the psychological and social factors

Moreo"er, people are con"inced that the inner psychological force forthe o"erall health of #ody and mind has great influence

Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction as a result came into play

Mindfulness Meditation, or Insight Meditation, has gradually

#ecome the focal point of psychotherapy and many types ofmedical research, especially stress-reducing related research

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Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction( MBSR)

Definition: Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction is a stressreduction method based on mindfulness meditation. Mindfulness :

-Awareness of body and mind processes at each moment as they occur; totally in the present.

- Right attitude in meditation- larity! softness! fle"ible mental state

#reatment :- $nderstand mindfulness as %pure awareness& e"periences ofone's own body and mind in each present moment. (atientsshould be taught right attitude to practice mindfulness.

MBSR is intended to assist )not replace* general medicalpractices. +ts ob,ecti e is to teach the patient to use theirinherent physical and mental strength! acti ely doingsomething that others cannot substitute for their ownhealth - culti ation of mindfulness. 44

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$"olution of MBSR (*)

"ril - * $/M held its third annual sym"osium, acti&elystudying the healing "o(er of mindfulness meditation,

integrating Mindfulness'Based techni0ues intomedicine, health care and education. Stress #eduction $linic not only treats out"atients, )ut alsoengages in related medical research, o"en courses for medical

students, "ro&iding health care (or ers, thera"ists andeducators (ith &arious related courses in 2o) training. 3o( ithas de&elo"ed into a (ay to certify teachers, and grant MBS#teacher certifications.

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$"olution of MBSR (+) /or o&er thirty years, MBS#, created )y Dr. inn, has )een (idely"racticed )y health care "rofessionals, schools, )usinesses, "risons andother institutions. $urrently there are around three hundred hos"itals andrelated institutions in %S , $anada, and other countries using MBS# totreat "atients.

&r inn s contri#utions to spiritual healing are numerous,recei"ing many awards !e is also one of the directors of theMind and ife Institute, which helps promote dialogue ande.changes #etween the leaders of the Buddhist communityand /estern scientists, in order to more deeply e.plore humanmentality, emotion and disease

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Content of MBSR method and Course

MBS# Method '#ight ttitude

'S ill of mental training in mental e+ercise' dditional e+ercises

MBS# Program '5rou" training courses in eight (ee s duration

' ttend -.* hour6s lecture "er (ee'Practice MBS# Daily at least 7 to 4* minutes to a""ly

no(ledge leaned in the classroom.'Include 1 day 8usually in the si+th (ee of silent

intensi"e meditation retreat

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RI0!1 211I13&$

% 4o 'udgment Do no make judgmen s of one's ownemo ions, hough s, pain and o her physical and men alphenomena; jus be aware of hem.* Being Patient Be patient with "arious physical and mentalconditions at present moment, patiently go along with them in a

peaceful manner+ /ith a Beginner5s Mind Always keep a beginner's mind,willing o face every physical and men al even wi h heinnocen hear of a child.6 1rust Trus and le go of oneself. Trus one's wisdom andabili y.7 4on-&oing us be effor lessly aware of all he physical and

men al phenomena occurring a presen momen ; !"on#$ riving% no o Dis urb oneself by wan ing o see he resul .8 2cceptance &illing o see and accep physical and men alphenomena a presen momen as i is.9 etting go, &etachment hange men al habi of un rainedmind, jus be aware he presen physical and men al even smomen o momen . 99

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Three kinds of Formal MeditationMethods

(%) Sitting Meditation : Observe the up and down movement of the abdomen generatedby breath, or keep the mind at the nose tip and observe feelings of contact of the breath.When any wandering thought or emotion appears, the meditator just perceives it, andthen brings attention back to the abdomen movements or nose tip. When pain occurs,patients are encouraged to observe the physical pain. (*) Body Scan : Patient lying flat or to adopt an astronaut lying posture, guide attentionsequentially observing feeling of different parts of the body, starting from the left toe, andfinally to the top of the head. Use the same tactics when faced with wandering thoughtsand pains as in sitting meditation. With pain occasionally, one can use withvisuali ation techniques !visuali ing the pain leaving the body with the breath".

(+) Mindful ;oga : #$%& combines 'mindfulness practice' with (atha )oga. *eachespatients to observe the present physical and mental phenomena while practicing (atha)oga .

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2&&I1I

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Applications of MBSR andAchievement in Clinical Research(1)

;he first article a)out MBS# and long'term "ain 8chronic "ain clinicalstudy "u)lished in 19

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Chronic Pain-- can effecti&ely enhance the resilience of "ain "atients,reducing negati&e emotion induced "ain 8such as an+iety and anger . $analso treat or reduce the degree of "ain, greatly enhancing the 0uality oflife. ""lications include treating )ac "ain, nec "ain, migraine, etc..

$ancer'' MBS# also can increase the "atient6s "sychologicalada"tation, reduce disease induced stress, an+iety, slee" disordersand other "ro)lems. It can effecti&ely im"ro&e the o&erall 0ualityof life of "atients. It can )e used, for e+am"le, in treating )reast

cancer, "rostate cancer, heart disease, and HIA 8 IDS .

Applications of MBSR and

Achievement in Clinical Research(2)

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Applications of MBSR andAchievement in Clinical Research(3)

In addition, MBSR has pro"en to #e effecti"e inreducing high #lood pressure, alle"iate fi#romyalgia,

and multiple sclerosis In terms of mental illness, the course "ro&ed to )e effecti&e inhel"ing an+iety, "anic attac s, =$D 8o)sessi&e com"ulsi&edisorder , and )ulimia 8)inge eating disorder .

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Applications of MBSR andAchievement in Clinical Research(4)

++ ncreased brain activity n addition, a - / publication by 0avidson &1 and 2abat+3inn of the University of

Wisconsin, who co+led the study, reported that the employees of a biotech company,after participating in an eight week '#indfulness practice' training, the activitiesin the left anterior frontal lobe of the brain !left prefrontal corte4" whichsymboli es positive emotions, were quite significantly active, compared to thecontrol group that did not participate in the training.

%trengthen immune function 5ntibodies generated in response to influen a vaccine of the employees who

participated in mindfulness training were significantly higher than untrained staff .

The above studies indicate thatMBSR, thru the training of mind,increases p ositive brain activity, andenhances the body's immune function

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;he Benefit of Mindfulness Practice #$%& provides a simple and powerful way to free us from problems, to nurture wisdom andvitality6 to regain control of the direction and quality of life, including the relationship betweenourselves and others in a family. 5lso, the relationship between ourselves and our work, the world,and the planet. *he most important is still the relationship with ourselves.

#editation makes us wake up and understand that life only shows itself between moments. f we cannot fully co+e4ist with these moments, we7ll miss the most precious things in life. We cannot

appreciate the rich and profound possibilities implied in growth and transformation. >ree from suffering:

et s get away from the pro#lem - understanding the physical and mental processes

Peel off the negati"e emotions

&o not suffer mental pains while ha"ing #ody pains

0ain happiness:

Connect our own wisdom with "itality --- settle down mentally and physically?enhance and impro"e the @uality of life and "itality

i"e happier, more content, and more harmonious

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Conclusion

lthough MBS# is rooted in the early Buddhist /our /oundations ofMindfulness "ractice, the course does not in&ol&e Buddhist )eliefsand rituals. $ourses (ere )ased only on the mind')ody as"ects ofmedical science, successful cases, and clinical research in order todemonstrate mindfulness "ractice theory. itnessed the )enefits ofgaining ha""iness and freedom from suffering, (ithout reference tothe Buddhist canon and theory. Mindfulness "ractice, )y remo&ingreligious and cultural features, (ill more or less assist in the"romotion of mindfulness "ractice in non'Buddhist countries, there)y

hel"ing "atients of different religious and cultural )ac grounds tomore li ely acce"t MBS# related "hiloso"hy and "ractice methods.

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MeditationMeditation

Benefits BrainBenefits Brain

Meditation is good for theMeditation is good for thebrain.brain. BBC e!s "BBC e!s " ##ssue ofssue ofFebruary 5, 2 !February 5, 2 ! )) 2020

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Science pro"es that he isScience pro"es that he isthe happiest person inthe happiest person in

the worldthe world

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Brainwa e obser ation showsBrainwa e obser ation shows the gradual relief from the gradual relief fromsic ness ia meditationsic ness ia meditation

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eisure half a dayeisure half a dayWashington lawyersWashington lawyers

meditate to relieve pressure.meditate to relieve pressure.2323

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Maharishi college studentsMaharishi college studentsof Iowaof Iowa

start their courses of the day"ith meditation# 2424

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etroit high schooletroit high schoolstudents use time betweenstudents use time between

classes to meditate.classes to meditate. 2525

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AA primary school of /a land! alifornia!/a land! alifornia!

renowned for ethnic conflict! iolence andrenowned for ethnic conflict! iolence and

noise , found that meditation prompted

students to impro"e concentration and #eha"e

more calm and rela.ed after fi"e wee=s of the

meditation e.periment #2626

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!I S "iruses Slow!I S "iruses Slow

ownown

!ealth!ealth SciencesSciences 1uesday, *A1uesday, *A'uly 'uly

CLA researchers foundCLA researchers foundthat meditation reducedhat meditation reduced

the number of CD4 The number of CD4 Tcells of AIDS patients,ells of AIDS patients,which slowed down thehich slowed down theprogress of HI !rogress of HI !

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Mindfulness Meditation Becomes aMindfulness Meditation Becomes a Transformational #orce in !merican Transformational #orce in !merican

$ails $ails

SeattleSeattle1imes1imes(7DAD* )(7DAD* )

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Prayer and Transfer Merits

#ay be without bodily pains #ay be without mental pains #ay be peaceful and happy

#ay my parents, teachers, relatives and friends bewithout bodily pains #ay my parents, teachers, relatives and friends be

without mental pains #ay they be peaceful and happy

#ay all sentient beings be without bodily and mentalpains #ay they be peaceful and happy

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