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Tyrannid Flycatchers As Indicators Of Habitat Quality. Vermilion Flycatcher (Pyrocephalus rubinus). http://www.birds.cornell.edu/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/Vermilion_Flycatcher.html. Nathan 06 May 2008. http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/Infocenter/i4710id.html. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/Infocenter/i4710id.html
Nathan
06 May 2008
Tyrannid Flycatchers As Indicators Of Habitat Quality
Vermilion Flycatcher(Pyrocephalus rubinus)
http://www.birds.cornell.edu/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/Vermilion_Flycatcher.html
http://www.backfromthebrink.org/speciesimages/5/2_southwestern_willow_flycatcher.jpg&imgrefurl
http://www.backfromthebrink.org/speciesimages/5/1_southwestern_willow_flycatcher.jpg&imgrefurl=
http://identify.whatbird.com/img/4/1069/image.aspx
Southwestern Willow Flycatcher(Empidonax traillii extimus)
(Sogge et al. 1997)
Sogge et al. 1997
Figure 1. Breeding ranges of the willow flycatcher subspecies. Adapted from Unit 1987 and Browning 1993.Technical Report NPS/NAUCPRS/NRTR-97/12 (Sogge 1997)
http://www.southwestbirders.com/SS_121501/vermilion%20flycatcher_006s.jpg
http://www.birds.cornell.edu/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/Vermilion_Flycatcher_dtl.html#map
-13 subspecies recognized(USGS Patuxent)
-1 Extinct (B. of North Amer.)
http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/id/framlst/i4710id.html
Range of Vermilion Flycatcher
http://identify.whatbird.com/img/4/1180/image.aspx
San Pedro River, Arizonahttp://www.schmoker.org/BirdPics/Flycatchers.html
Methods
Standard survey protocol: -Permits-Training Workshops-Standard Techniques and Routine Surveys-Capturing, Banding, Observations-GIS/Remote Sensing
http://www.schmoker.org/BirdPics/Photos/Flycatchers/VEFL4.jpg
Large Scale Regional Surveys
EPA Forest Health Monitoring Unit (FHM)
-Triangular Grid of 40-km^2 hexagons
-Spacing of 27.1 km between centers of the hexagons
-Observed species rather than the number of individuals
-Types of bird species observed in similar behaviors were also grouped together for some statistical analyses
(Canterbury 2000).
http://www.schmoker.org/BirdPics/Photos/Flycatchers/VEFL12.jpg
Results
-Presence of canopy nesters and shrubland assemblage groups increased with canopy cover, while habitat generalists and forest edge assemblages showed no consistent trend in regard to canopy cover-Numbers of granivores and bark-foraging insectivores had the greatest response to habitat disturbance levels
-The index derived was an attempt at a broad-based indicator of how much a population or community has been affected by disturbance (Canterbury 2000).
http://www.arthurgrosset.com/sabirds/photos/pyrrub24833.jpg
-Several papers have been written criticizing the use of the indicator species concept, because "individual species do not necessarily reflect trends in other co-occurring species," and can furthermore "respond independently to environmental variation" (Canterbury 2000)
Lower San Pedro Riverhttp://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/endspp/protocols/SWWF%202004.pdf
Discussion
The ultimate measure of habitat suitability is not simply whether or not a site isoccupied. Suitable habitats are those in which flycatcher reproductive success andsurvivorship results in a stable or growing population. Without long-term data showing which sites have stable or growing populations, we cannot determine which habitats are suitable or optimal for breeding southwestern willow flycatchers. (Sogge et al. 1997)
http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/Infocenter/i4710id.html
Acknowledgements
Thank you to Glenn Johnson for helping me to identify the important aspects of this topic, and also for his instruction in field techniques.
My deep gratitude goes to Dr. Charles von Riper, III for his support in directing me to relevant sources of information.
Literature Cited
http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/Infocenter/i4710id.html
http://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/endspp/protocols/SWWF%202004.pdf
http://www.arthurgrosset.com/sabirds/photos/pyrrub24833.jpg
http://www.schmoker.org/BirdPics/Photos/Flycatchers/VEFL12.jpg
http://www.schmoker.org/BirdPics/Photos/Flycatchers/VEFL4.jpg
http://identify.whatbird.com/img/4/1180/image.aspx
http://www.schmoker.org/BirdPics/Flycatchers.html
http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/id/framlst/i4710id.html
http://www.birds.cornell.edu/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/Vermilion_Flycatcher_dtl.html#map
http://www.southwestbirders.com/SS_121501/vermilion%20flycatcher_006s.jpg
http://www.backfromthebrink.org/speciesimages/5/2_southwestern_willow_flycatcher.jpg&imgrefurl
Literature Cited
http://www.backfromthebrink.org/speciesimages/5/1_southwestern_willow_flycatcher.jpg&imgrefurl=
http://identify.whatbird.com/img/4/1069/image.aspx
http://www.birds.cornell.edu/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/Vermilion_Flycatcher.html
http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/Infocenter/i4710id.html
Technical Report NPS/NAUCPRS/NRTR-97/12 (Sogge 1997)
Canterbury et al. 2000