MAY 2009

VOLUME 91

NUMBER 5

COVERRed vesicular lesions with focal hemorrhage observed on theposterior aspect of the broad ligament and uterine serosalsurface (see page 1926).

MODERN TRENDS

1619 Culture of cryopreserved ovarian tissue: state of theart in 2008

R. Fabbri, G. Pasquinelli, D. Keane, B. Mozzanega,V. Magnani, F. Tamburini, and S. VenturoliBologna and Padova, Italy; and Dublin, Ireland

This is a review of the most relevant literature from thepast 10 years on the cryopreservation and culture ofovarian tissue in animals and humans.

CONTROVERSY

1630 In vitro fertilization availability and utilization in theUnited States: a study of demographic, social, andeconomic factors

A. O. Hammoud, M. Gibson, J. Stanford, G. White,D. T. Carrell, and M. PetersonSalt Lake City, Utah

There is wide discrepancy in the utilization of IVFtreatment among different US states. Lower utilizationis associated with no insurance coverage and de-creased availability of physicians who are capable ofproviding this service.

1636 Geographic distribution of reproductiveendocrinology and infertility (REI) fellowships in theUnited States

M. E. Abusief, S. A. Missmer, R. L. Barbieri, T. Jain,and M. D. HornsteinBoston, Massachusetts; and Chicago, Illinois

In the United States, the number of first-year fellow-ship positions in reproductive endocrinology and in-fertility offered through the National ResidencyMatching Program vary by geographic region, withthe fewest positions available in the West.

Copyright ª2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine

CONTRACEPTION

1642 Does vasectomy explain the difference in tubalsterilization rates between black and white women?

S. Borrero, E. B. Schwarz, M. F. Reeves,J. E. Bost, M. D. Creinin, and S. A. IbrahimPittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Our findings indicate that the lower rates of vasec-tomy among black men do not explain the observedracial difference in tubal sterilization rates.

1646 Safety and efficacy of a single-rod etonogestrelimplant (Implanon): results from 11 internationalclinical trials

P. Darney, A. Patel, K. Rosen, L. S. Shapiro,and A. M. KaunitzSan Francisco, California; Chicago, Illinois; Roseland,New Jersey; and Jacksonville, Florida

An analysis of 942 women’s use of the single subder-mal implant contraceptive containing 68 mg of etono-gestrel (‘‘Implanon’’) for up to 4 years showed it to bea safe and highly effective contraceptive, but onewhich up to 14% of users discontinue because of ir-regular bleeding.

1654 Return to fertility after cessation of a continuous oralcontraceptive

K. Barnhart, S. Mirkin, G. Grubb, and G. ConstantinePhiladelphia and Collegeville, Pennsylvania

There was no indication of a delay in return to fertilityafter use of continuous levonorgestrel 90 mg andethinyl E2 20 mg.

ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

1657 The value of vascular endothelial growth factor,pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A, andprogesterone for early differentiation of ectopicpregnancies, normal intrauterine pregnancies, andspontaneous miscarriages

E. N. Ugurlu, G. Ozaksit, A. Karaer, E. Zulfikaroglu,A. Atalay, and M. UgurAnkara, Turkey

Vascular endothelial growth factor, pregnancy-asso-ciated plasma protein-A, and progesterone cannot dif-ferentiate ectopic pregnancies from nonectopic ones.

ENDOMETRIOSIS

1662 Endometriosis of the ureter and bladder are notassociated diseases

M. S. Abrao, J. A. Dias Jr., P. Bellelis, S. Podgaec,C. R. Bautzer, and C. GromatskyS~ao Paulo, Brazil

Endometriosis affecting the ureter is not associatedwith endometriosis of the bladder; however, it isstrongly associated with advanced American Societyfor Reproductive Medicine stages of the disease andwith retrocervical and rectum-sigmoid lesions.

1668 Iron storage is significantly increased in peritonealmacrophages of endometriosis patients andcorrelates with iron overload in peritoneal fluid

J.-C. Lousse, S. Defrere, A. Van Langendonckt, J. Gras,R. Gonzalez-Ramos, S. Colette, and J. DonnezBrussels, Belgium

Iron storage is increased in peritoneal macrophages ofendometriosis patients and correlates with iron over-load in peritoneal fluid. This accumulation could com-promise macrophage function in the peritoneal cavity.

1676 Glycodelin expression in the endometrium of healthywomen and in the eutopic and ectopic endometriumof women with endometriosis

J. Meola, D. B. Dentillo, J. C. Rosa e Silva, R. A. Ferriani,L. C. Veiga, C. C. Paro de Paz, S. Giuliatti, and L. MartelliRibeir~ao Preto, Brazil

Glycodelin down-regulation in endometriotic lesionscompared with the eutopic endometrium of endome-triosis patients and the endometrium of women with-out endometriosis may indicate alteration in normalcell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis.

1681 Expression of interleukin-10 in patients withadenomyosis

F. Wang, H. Li, Z. Yang, X. Du, M. Cui, and Z. WenJinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China

Patients with adenomyosis showed immunosuppres-sion-induced expression of interleukin-10 in eutopicand ectopic endometrial cells. This could be a possibleexplanation for the ability of these cells to escape hostimmunosurveillance.

1686 Reduced expression of biomarkers associated withthe implantation window in women withendometriosis

Q. Wei, J. B. St. Clair, T. Fu, P. Stratton, andL. K. NiemanBethesda, Maryland

Compared with healthy volunteers, women with endo-metriosis had decreased expression of endometrialbiomarkers associated with implantation, glycodelin-A, osteopontin, lysophosphatidic acid receptor-3,and HOXA10.

1692 Altered expression of claudin-3 and claudin-4 inectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis

X.-Y. Pan, X. Li, Z.-P. Weng, and B. WangBeijing; Qingdao and Jinan, People’s Republic of China

In a randomized study, down-regulated expression ofclaudin-3 and claudin-4 in ectopic endometrium sug-gests that claudin-3 and claudin-4 might play a patho-genic role in the formation of endometriosis.

GENETICS

1700 A pilot study of premature ovarian senescence:I. Correlation of triple CGG repeats on the FMR1 geneto ovarian reserve parameters FSH andanti-M€ullerian hormone

N. Gleicher, A. Weghofer, and D. H. BaradNew Haven, Connecticut; Vienna, Austria; and Bronx,New York

The number of triple CGG expansion repeats on theFMR1 (fragile X) gene correlates to ovarian functionparameters, reflective of ovarian reserve.

1707 A pilot study of premature ovarian senescence:II. Different genotype and phenotype for geneticand autoimmune etiologies

N. Gleicher, A. Weghofer, and D. H. BaradNew Haven, Connecticut; Vienna, Austria; and Bronx,New York

Women with premature ovarian senescence usuallypresent with distinct genetic or autoimmune pheno-type and genotype.

INFERTILITY

1712 Impact of obesity on women’s health

M. M. Lash, and A. ArmstrongBoston, Massachuestts; and Besthesda, Maryland

Obesity impacts women’s reproductive health. Identi-fying and addressing the comorbidities associatedwith elevated body mass index and helping obese pa-tients improve their fertility potential are importantconsiderations in the medical care of an increasinglyoverweight society.

IN VITRO FERTILIZATION

1717 Impact of day 3 or day 5 embryo transfer onpregnancy rates and multiple gestations

R. Beesley, R. Robinson, A. Propst, N. Arthur, andM. RetzloffLackland Air Force Base, Texas

Blastocyst transfer resulted in fewer embryos trans-ferred and improved live-birth rates in patients 35–40years old, but it also resulted in higher twin pregnancyrates. Younger patients opting for day 5 embryo trans-fer should commit to single embryo transfer.

1721 Assisted reproductive technologies in Canada: 2005results from the Canadian Assisted ReproductiveTechnologies Register

J. Gunby, F. Bissonnette, C. Librach, L. Cowan, onbehalf of the IVF Directors Group of the CanadianFertility and Andrology SocietyBurlington and Toronto, Ontario; Montreal, Quebec;and Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

The Canadian Assisted Reproductive TechnologiesRegister compiled a report on assisted reproductivetechnologies treatments for 2005, with all 25 Canadiancenters participating. Pregnancy and birth rates con-tinued to increase in 2005 compared with previousyears.

1731 A prospective randomized controlled trial ofpreimplantation genetic screening in the ‘‘goodprognosis’’ patient

L. R. Meyer, S. Klipstein, W. D. Hazlett, T. Nasta,P. Mangan, and V. C. KarandeHoffman Estates, Illinois

In good-prognosis patients, the in vitro fertilization cy-cle outcome was not improved by screening embryosfor aneuploidy by fluorescence in situ hybridization.

1739 Follicular fluid and serum levels of Inhibin A andpregnancy-associated plasma protein A in patientsundergoing IVF

J. Moos, V. Filova, J. Pavelkova, M. Moosova,J. Peknicova, and K. RezabekPrague, Czech Republic

The observed relations between serum and follicularfluid PAPP-A and Inhibin A suggest that follicular fluidis a major source of serum Inhibin A, but not of serumPAPP-A.

1745 Damage of embryo development caused byperoxidized mineral oil and its association withalbumin in culture

J. Otsuki, Y. Nagai, and K. ChibaSaitama and Tokyo, Japan

The use of peroxidized mineral oil could damage em-bryo development. Toxicity may be related to the pres-ence of free radicals and peroxidized albumin in theculture medium.

1750 Myo-inositol may improve oocyte quality inintracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. Aprospective, controlled, randomized trial

E. Papaleo, V. Unfer, J.-P. Baillargeon, F. Fusi, F. Occhi,and L. De SantisMilan and Rome, Italy; and Sherbrooke, Canada

In a prospective, randomized, controlled trial, myo-inositol improved oocyte quality in intracytoplasmicsperm injection cycles.

1755 Premature luteinization and in vitro fertilizationoutcome in gonadotropin/gonadotropin-releasinghormone antagonist cycles in women with polycysticovary syndrome

S. SegalI, Glatstein, P. McShane, S. Hotamisligil,D. Ezcurra, and R. CarsonLexington and Rockland, Massachusetts

Patients with PCOS undergoing controlled ovarian hy-perstimulation for IVF with gonadotropin/GnRH antag-onist who exhibited premature luteinization had moreoocytes retrieved, more mature oocytes, and similarpregnancy rates compared with those without prema-ture luteinization.

1760 Logarithmic curves depicting initial level and rise ofserum beta human chorionic gonadotropin and livedelivery outcomes with in vitro fertilization: Ananalysis of 6021 pregnancies

M. I. Shamonki, J. L. Frattarelli, P. A. Bergh, andR. T. ScottLos Angeles, California; and Morristown, New Jersey

Logarithmic curves predicting live delivery rates areestablished after analysis of data from 6021 in vitro fer-tilization pregnancies with detectable early serum betahuman chorionic gonadotropin.

1765 In vitro development and pregnancy outcomes forhuman embryos cultured in either a single medium orin a sequential media system

S. Sepulveda, J. Garcia, E. Arriaga, J. Diaz,L. Noriega-Portella, and L. Noriega-HocesLima, Peru

Embryos were cultured in a sequential media or a sin-gle culture medium. In vitro development and implan-tation rates were significantly better for embryoscultured in the single medium.

1771 Trace element concentrations in follicular fluid ofsmall follicles differ from those in blood serum, andmay represent long-term exposure

T. Silberstein, O. Saphier, O. Paz-TalL, Gonzalez,D. L. Keefe, and J. R. TrimarchiProvidence and Kingston, Rhode Island; and BeerSheva, Israel

Concentrations of elements in follicular fluid of smallfollicles can differ from those in blood serum and rep-resent longer term element exposure, whereas thoseof growing follicles are representative of the coincidentblood concentrations.

1775 The use and effectiveness of in vitro fertilization inwomen with endometriosis: the surgeon’sperspective

E. Somigliana, R. Daguati, P. Vercellini, G. Barbara,L. Benaglia, and P. G. CrosignaniMilan, Italy

In a clinical context, the proportion of infertile womenwith endometriosis who underwent in vitro fertiliza-tion was low. The technique played only a minorrole in the treatment of endometriosis-associatedinfertility.

1780 Evaluation of two incubation environments—ISOclass 8 versus ISO class 5—on intracytoplasmicsperm injection cycle outcome

M. C. B. Souza, A. C. A. Mancebo, C. A. da Rocha,C. A. Henriques, M. M. Souza, and F. F. O. CardosoRio de Janeiro, Brazil

Incubation environment on intracytoplasmic sperminjection (ICSI) outcome was studied in 123 consec-utive ICSI cycles: 60 in class 8 air quality and 63 inclass 5. The outcomes were not statistically signifi-cantly different.

MALE FACTOR

1785 Coenzyme Q10 treatment in infertile men withidiopathic asthenozoospermia: a placebo-controlled,double-blind randomized trial

G. Balercia, E. Buldreghini, A. Vignini, L. Tiano,F. Paggi, S. Amoroso, G. Ricciardo-Lamonica,M. Boscaro, A. Lenzi, and G. P. LittarruAncona and Rome, Italy

Coenzyme Q10 and ubiquinol concentrations in-creased and sperm motility improved significantly,with a linear positive dependence, in semen of infertilemen after 6 months of exogenous administration.

1793 The impact of hemochromatosis mutations andtransferrin genotype on gonadotropin serum levels ininfertile men

A. Buretic-TomljanovicI, Vlastelic, A. Radoj�cic,Badovinac, N. Star�cevic-�Cizmarevic, S. Nadalin,and S. RisticRijeka, Croatia

Hemochromatosis mutation H63D and transferrin C2allele influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadalaxis at the pituitary and/or testes level and affectmale fertility status, causing increase in serumgonadotropin values above the normal physiologicrange.

1801 Correlation between DNA damage and spermparameters: a prospective study of 1,633 patients

P. Cohen-Bacrie, S. Belloc, Y. J. R. M�en�ezo, P. Clement,J. Hamidi, and M. BenkhalifaParis, Le Blanc Mesnil, and La Verriere, France

One third of patients had a terminal deoxyribonucleo-tidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL) rate of >30%, and analysis of the 21 semenparameters tested revealed that 7 of these parameterswere significantly correlated with the TUNEL results.World Health Organization sperm parameters andDNA damage are complementary, rather than stronglylinked.

1806 Combined use of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors andselective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for temporaryejaculation failure in couple undergoing assistedreproductive technologies

S. Lu, Y. Zhao, J. Hu, X. Li, H. Zhang, L. You, andZ.-j. ChenJinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China

Five men with unexpected ejaculation failure duringassisted reproductive technologies were treated withphosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors and selective seroto-nin reuptake inhibitor and succeeded in collectingsperm samples.

1809 Impact of a second semen analysis on a treatmentdecision making in the infertile man with varicocele

A. Mishail, S. Marshall, D. Schulsinger, andY. SheynkinStony Brook, New York

In most infertile men with palpable varicocele and firstabnormal SA, the second SA is also abnormal anddoes not change treatment decision.

1812 Anti-M€ullerian hormone in men with normal andreduced sperm concentration and men withmaldescended testes

F. T€uttelmann, N. Dykstra, A. P. N. Themmen,J. A. Visser, E. Nieschlag, and M. SimoniM€unster, Germany; and Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Anti-M€ullerian hormone serum levels are not signifi-cantly affected by impaired spermatogenesis ingeneral but are correlated with spermatogenic param-eters in men with current or former maldescendedtestes.

OVULATION INDUCTION

1820 Differences in gene expression of granulosa cellsfrom women undergoing controlled ovarianhyperstimulation with either recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone or highly purified humanmenopausal gonadotropin

M. L. Grøndahl, R. Borup, Y. B. Lee, V. Myrhøj,H. Meinertz, and S. SørensenHvidovre and Copenhagen, Denmark

Statistically significant differences in the gene expres-sion profile (i.e., luteinizing hormone/human chorionicgonadotropin receptor) of preovulatory granulosa cellsare present after controlled ovarian hyperstimulationinduced by recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) and urinary derived FSH, respectively.

1831 Follicular and endocrine response to anastrozoleversus clomiphene citrate administered in follicularphase to normoovulatory women: a randomizedcomparison

G. Griesinger, S. von Otte, A. Schultze-Mosgau,K. Diedrich, and A. Schr€oerLuebeck, Germany

Clomiphene citrate 50 mg administered from cycledays 3 to 7 to normoovulatory women stimulatesgrowth of a larger cohort of follicles and results inhigher area under the curve levels for serum E2

compared with anastrozole in doses of 1 or 5 mg,respectively.

1837 Recombinant luteinizing hormone induces increasedproduction of ovarian follicular adiponectin in vivo:implications for enhanced insulin sensitivity

G. Gutman, V. Barak, S. Maslovitz, A. Amit,J. B. Lessing, and E. GevaTel Aviv and Jerusalem, Israel

Recombinant LH induces increased production ofovarian follicular adiponectin. The addition of recombi-nant LH during ovulation induction may play a role inoptimizing the metabolic/endocrine milieu during folli-culogenesis and ovulation.

1842 Cetrorelix protocol versus gonadotropin-releasinghormone analog suppression long protocol forsuperovulation in intracytoplasmic sperm injectionpatients older than 40

M. Sbracia, J. Colabianchi, A. Giallonardo, P. Giannini,C. Piscitelli, F. Morgia, M. Montigiani, andM. SchimberniRome, Italy

In patients >40 years old who are undergoing in vitrofertilization, controlled ovarian hyperstimulation withthe long protocol works better than with the cetrorelixprotocol.

POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

1848 Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and insulinresistance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

K. Brennan, A. Huang, and R. AzzizLos Angeles, California

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate is negatively corre-lated to insulin resistance in patients with PCOS. Theadrenals and ovaries, age, and body fat, togetherdetermine the degree of insulin resistance in PCOS.

1853 Influence of sociocultural factors on the ovulatorystatus of polycystic ovary syndrome

G. Di Fede, P. Mansueto, R. A. Longo, G. B. Rini,and E. CarminaPalermo, Italy

The ovulatory form of polycystic ovary syndrome wasmore common in higher social classes, and it corre-lated with a lower prevalence of abdominal obesityand insulin resistance.

1857 Suppression and recovery of gonadotropin andsteroid secretion by a gonadotropin-releasinghormone receptor antagonist in healthy women withnormal ovulation versus women with polycystic ovarysyndrome in the early follicular phase

F. Sagnella, R. Apa, M. Guido, P. Villa, V. Spadoni,F. Miceli, and A. LanzoneRome and Troina, Italy

Gonadotropin and androgen suppression by GnRHantagonist is more effective in patients with PCOSthan in controls, suggesting a higher sensitivity ofGnRH receptors in these patients.

1864 Prevalence of insulin resistance and determination ofrisk factors for glucose intolerance in polycysticovary syndrome: a cross-sectional study of Chineseinfertility patients

H.-J. Wei, R. Young, I.-L. Kuo, C.-M. Liaw,H.-S. Chiang, and C.-Y. YehTaipei, Taiwan

Chinese women with PCOS are at increased risk for in-sulin resistance and glucose intolerance comparedwith controls, though absolute rates are lower than inother racial groups.

1869 Association of the L243 A/G polymorphism of theglutamate decarboxylase 2 gene with obesity in girlswith premature pubarche

S. F. Witchel, C. White, and I. LibmanPittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Body mass index was greater at presentation and dur-ing the peripubertal period for girls who had at leastone allele that carried the (�243 A/G) variant of theGAD2 gene.

PREGNANCY

1877 Ibuprofen and paracetamol for pain relief duringmedical abortion: a double-blind randomizedcontrolled study

A. Livshits, R. Machtinger, L. B. David, M. Spira,A. Moshe-Zahav, and D. S. SeidmanTel Hashomer, Israel

In a prospective double-blind controlled study, ibupro-fen was more effective for pain reduction during med-ical abortion, compared with the case of paracetamol,without interfering with the action of misoprostol.

1881 Medical treatment with misoprostol for early failureof pregnancies after assisted reproductivetechnology: a promising treatment option

R. Machtinger, D. Stockheim, D. S. Seidman,L. Lerner-Geva, J. Dor, E. Schiff, and A. ShulmanTel Aviv, Israel

In a prospective study, medical treatment of missedabortions with misoprostol was found very efficient inpatients with low gravidity and in patients who con-ceived after assisted reproductive technology.

1886 Pregnancy outcomes in unicornuate uteri: a review

D. Reichman, M. R. Laufer, and B. K. RobinsonBoston, Massachusetts

The unicornuate uterus is a M}ullerian anomaly with ad-verse prognostic implications for pregnancy. Thismanuscript examines the preexisting literature onpregnancy outcomes in patients with unicornuate uteriin an attempt to create a better counseling frameworkfor such patients.

1895 Risk analysis of torsion and malignancy for adnexalmasses during pregnancy

C.-F. Yen, S.-L. Lin, W. Murk, C.-J. Wang, C.-L. Lee,Y.-K. Soong, and A. AriciTao-Yuan and Taipei, Taiwan; and New Haven,Connecticut

Adnexal tumors bearing higher risks for torsion andmalignancy should be strongly considered for an ag-gressive strategy of management during pregnancy.

RECURRENT PREGNANCY LOSS

1903 Tumor necrosis factor a and lymphotoxina haplotypes in idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss

W. Zammiti, N. Mtiraoui, R. R. Finan, W. Y. Almawi,and T. MahjoubMonastir, Tunisia; Beirut, Lebanon; and Manama, Bahrain

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) a [�238G/A, �308G/A]and lymphotoxin (LT) a [þ252A/G] single-nucleotidepolymorphisms were investigated in 372 recurrentmiscarriage (RM) women and 274 control women.Specific TNFa�308/TNFa�238/LTaþ252 haplotypeswere identified, and these polymorphisms were asso-ciated with exclusively early RM.

REPRODUCTIVE SURGERY

1909 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonistpretreatment did not decrease postoperativeadhesion formation after abdominal myomectomyin a randomized control trial

C. C. Coddington, D. R. Grow, M. S. Ahmed, J. P. Toner,E. Cook, and M. P. DiamondRochester, Minnesota; Norfolk, Virginia; Springfieldand Amherst, Massachusetts; and Detroit, Michigan

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment inrandomized trial before abdominal myomectomy didnot decrease postoperative adhesions. Adhesions in-creased with increasing incision length and number,and by number of fibroids removed.

1914 Sexual and organ function in patients withsymptomatic prolapse: are pessaries helpful?

A. Kuhn, D. Bapst, W. Stadlmayr, K. Vits, andM. D. MuellerBerne, Switzerland; and Southampton, United Kingdom

This study demonstrated that cube pessaries are a vi-able treatment for pelvic organ prolapse, improvingpelvic organ organ symptoms and sexual function. In-ability to retain pessaries and de novo stress inconti-nence limit their use.

UTERINE FIBROIDS

1919 Vitamin D inhibits myometrial and leiomyoma cellproliferation in vitro

M. Bl€auer, P. H. Rovio, T. Ylikomi, and P. K. HeinonenTampere, Finland

Both myometrial and leiomyoma cell growth in vitrowas effectively inhibited by 1,25(OH)2D3. Vitamin Dmay play a role in the growth of uterine leiomyomas.

IMAGES IN REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE

1926 Menstrual bleeding from an endometriotic lesion

R. O. Burney, and R. B. LathiStanford, California

We present a case in which endometriotic lesions wereobserved to be focally hemorrhagic at laparoscopyperformed during menstruation. Red vesicular lesionslikely represent early disease with intact capacity forhormonally induced menstrual bleeding.

TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTATION

1928 Long-term liquid nitrogen vapor storage of mouseembryos cryopreserved using vitrification or slowcooling

J. H. Eum, J. K. Park, W. S. Lee, K. R. Cha, T. K. Yoon,and D. R. LeeSeoul, South Korea

Long-term storage of cryopreserved mouse embryosin liquid nitrogen vapor is a safe and effective methodfor preventing disease transmission via liquid nitrogen.

1933 Laparoscopic cornuotomy using a temporarytourniquet suture and diluted vasopressin injection ininterstitial pregnancy

Y.-S. Choi, D.-S. Eun, J. Choi, K.-S. Shin, J.-H. Choi,and H.-D. ParkKwang-ju, South Korea

Laparoscopic cornuotomy using temporary tourniquetsuture is a safe and effective method, and we believethat it has an advantage of preserving reproductive ca-pacity in interstitial pregnancy.

1938 Pregnancy after trophectoderm biopsy of frozen–thawed blastocyst

R. B. Lathi, and B. BehrStanford, California

Trophectoderm biopsy for preimplantation genetictesting is an emerging technique for fresh embryos.We report the first pregnancy resulting from this tech-nique applied to cryopreserved blastocysts.

1941 Advantage of conservative surgical managementof large ovarian neoplasms in adolescents

J. Reddy, and M. R. LauferBoston, Massachusetts

After cystectomy for a large ovarian neoplasm, the af-fected ovary resumes its normal size and volume, de-spite the attenuated appearance of the ovarian cortexat the time of surgery.

1945 Comparison of ultraminilaparotomy for myomectomythrough midline vertical incision or modifiedPfannenstiel incision—a prospective short-termfollow-up

P.-H. Wang, W.-M. Liu, J.-L. Fuh, H.-T. Chao,C.-C. Yuan, and K.-C. ChaoTaipei, Taiwan

Ultraminilaparotomy (UMLT), either through a midlinevertical incision (MVI) or a modified Pfannenstiel inci-sion (MPI), is a feasible minimal-access option in themanagement of uncomplicated uterine myomas, butthe MPI operation might be more complicated.

1951 Prophylactic intraoperative uterine arteryembolization to control hemorrhage in abnormalplacentation during late gestation

P.-C. Yu, H.-Y. OuL, Leung-Chit Tsang, F.-T. Kung,T.-Y. Hsu, and Y.-F. ChengKaohsiung, Taiwan

In cases of placenta accreta, increta, and percreta,prophylactic, intraoperative uterine artery emboliza-tion before placental removal provides for excellenthemostasis, decreased morbidity and mortality,and an increased chance of preservation of theuterus.

CASE REPORT SUMMARIES

1956 Successful pregnancy and delivery of a healthy babyafter endometrial biopsy treatment in an in vitrofertilization patient with severe Asherman syndrome

A. Barash, I. Granot, S. Fieldust, and Y. OrRehovot, Israel

Endometrial biopsy, a procedure known to increaseendometrial receptivity in IVF patients with repeatedimplantation failures, is shown as a successful supple-mentary treatment in a patient with Ashermansyndrome.

1956 Delayed delivery following unusual flare-up pelvicabscess after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer

K. Biringer, P. Zubor, J. Visnovsky, and J. DankoMartin, Slovak Republic

A case report of delayed interval delivery following pel-vic abscess, which required laparotomy after uncom-plicated IVF-ET. According to accessible articles, weare the first to report such a case.

1956 Multiple extrauterine adenomyomas and uterus-likemasses: case reports and review of the literature

S. Carinelli, F. Motta, G. Frontino, E. Restelli, andL. FedeleMilan, Italy

Two rare cases of multiple extrauterine adenomyosisof probable metaplastic origin were effectively con-trolled with long-term gonadotropin-releasing hor-mone agonist therapy.

1956 Thrombosis post ovarian hyperstimulation

S. E. Chipwete, S. Bugren, and N. RaflaMargate, United Kingdom

Case of a 37-year-old lady who presented with internaljugular and subclavian vein thrombosis following ovar-ian hyperstimulation syndrome while on prophylacticheparin. She was successfully treated with low molec-ular weight heparin, and had a live birth at term.

1956 Live birth of a normal mature healthy baby by in vitrofertilization–embryo transfer (IVF-ET) after anexploratory laparotomy and multiple myomectomyfor leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata

S. L. DeAngelis, R. R. Harris, M. A. Maiman,and E. S. KnochenhauerStaten Island, New York

In vitro fertilization–embryo transfer can produce a nor-mal healthy baby in a patient with leiomyomatosis peri-tonealis disseminata. Leiomyomatosis peritonealisdisseminata does not require immediate hysterectomyin a woman who desires future childbearing.

1957 Bilateral epididymal sarcoidosis

A. Hassan, S. El-Mogy, K. Zalata, and T. MostafaMansoura and Cairo, Egypt

We report an azoospermic 29 year old Caucasian malewith past history of painless subcutaneous nodules.He had bilateral epididymal firm masses with enlargedfirm non-painful inguinal lymph nodes. Scrotal USshowed diffuse bilateral epididymal enlargement withheterogeneous echo pattern and increased vascular-ity. Scrotal MRI revealed no focal masses. Chest Xray revealed hilar shadows and chest CT revealed me-diastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy. Urine and semenZeihl-Neelsen stain were negative for acid-fast bacilli.Epididymal histopathology revealed multiple non-caseating epithelioid granulomas with concentric ar-rangement of reticular fibers. The diagnosis was bilat-eral epididymal sarcoidosis.

1957 Uterine conservation despite severe sepsis in a caseof placenta accreta first treated conservatively:3-month delayed successful removal of the placenta

O. Morel, P. Desfeux, Y. Fargeaudou, C. Malartic,M. Rossignol, C. Perrotez, and E. BarrangerParis, France

In cases of delayed sepsis after conservative treat-ment for placenta accreta, when medical treatment re-mains unsuccessful, manual removal of the placentashould be attempted.

1957 VATER/VACTERL syndrome (vertebra/anus/cardiac/trachea/esophogus/radius/renal/limb anomalies)with a noncommunicating functioning uterine hornand a unicornuate uterus: a case report

N. Nunes, S. Karandikar, S. Cooper, R. Jaganathan,and S. IraniBirmingham, United Kingdom

This is a case report of a patient in whom VATER/VAC-TERL syndrome coexisted with a unicornuate uterusand a noncommunicating functioning rudimentaryhorn who presented with severe constipation and uri-nary retention.

1957 Horizontal uterine torsion in the setting of completecervical and partial vaginal agenesis: a case report

K. Omurtag, D. Session, P. Brahma, A. Matlack,and C. RobertsAtlanta, Georgia

A 13-year-old female adolescent with pelvic pain andamenorrhea with partial vaginal and complete cervicalagenesis, and horizontal uterine torsion is described.

1957 Mucocele of the appendix causing tubal factorinfertility

M. L. Traub, D. S. Lee, P. B. Paty, and H. LiemanBronx and New York, New York

Mucinous cystadenoma of the appendix and pseudo-myxoma peritonei in a young woman desiring futurechildbirth can be managed conservatively. Childbirth,even after IVF, can be accomplished safely.

1958 Triplet pregnancy and successful twin delivery ina patient with congenital cervical atresia whounderwent transmyometrial embryo transfer andmultifetal pregnancy reduction

C. Xu, J. Xu, H. Gao, and H. HuangHangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China

The patient with endometriosis-associated and tubalfactor infertility who underwent uterovaginal canaliza-tion surgery 9 years ago for congenital cervical atresiaachieved a successful triplet pregnancy and healthytwin birth after in vitro fertilization and transmyometrialembryo transfer followed by multifetal pregnancyreduction.

1958 Preimplantation genetic diagnosis for X-linkedagammaglobulinemia: a case report

C. Xu, B. Xu, H. Huang, X. Huang, and F. JinHangzhou and Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China

We report the first case of PGD for X-linked agamma-globulinemia caused by a point mutation in Bruton’styrosine kinase gene. The result indicates that PGD isfeasible for this disease.

CORRESPONDENCE

1959 Zona-free versus laser zona-assisted hatchingblastocyst transfer: a comparison of outcomes

K.-C. Lan, F.-J. Huang, Y.-C. Lin, F.-T. Kung,and S. Y. ChangHangzhou and Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaIn unselected IVF patients, zona-free and laser zona-assisted hatching produced a comparable effect onblastocyst transfer.

1963 Oral contraceptive pretreatment in womenundergoing controlled ovarian stimulation inganirelix acetate cycles may, for a subset of patients,be associated with low serum luteinizing hormonelevels, reduced ovarian response to gonadotropins,and early pregnancy loss

D. R. Meldrum, R. T. Scott Jr., M. J. Levy, M. M. Alper,and N. NoyesRedondo Beach, California; Morristown, New Jersey;Rockville, Maryland; Waltham, Massachusetts; andNew York, New York

Oral contraceptive scheduling of controlled ovarianhyperstimulation–GnRH antagonist cycles was asso-ciated, in a small subset of patients, with low serumLH levels, reduced ovarian response, and early preg-nancy loss.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

e1 Help me understand what you are saying about lutealphase support for in vitro fertilization

P. W. ZarutskieLaguna Niguel, California

e2 – Reply: K. J. Doody, V. L. Schnell, R. A. Foulk,C. E. Miller, B. A. Kolb, E. J. Blake, and V. I. Yankov

Bedford and Webster, Texas; Reno, Nevada; ArlingtonHeights, Illinois; Pasadena, California; and Parsippany,New Jersey

e3 Use of phosphodiesterase type 3 inhibitor to improveIVM outcome: experimental set up matters

D. Nogueira, and L. VanhoutteToulouse, France; and Ghent, Belgium

e4 – Reply: B. C. Jee, H.-Y. Chen, and R.-C. Chian

Seongnam, Korea; and Quebec, Canada

e6 Kabuki syndrome and sex chromosomal anomalies:is it really an association?

S. Bianca, B. Barrano, A. Cataliotti, L. Indaco,C. Ingegnosi, and G. EttoreCatania, Italy

e7 Xenografting fresh and cryopreserved human ovariantissue

O. Oktem, and B. UrmanIstanbul, Turkey

e9 – Reply: B. Schubert, M. Canis, C. Darcha, C. Artonne,J. Smitz, and G. Grizard

Clermont-Ferrand, France; and Brussels, Belgium

e10 Hysteroscopic resection of the uterine septum: is italways a necessity?

F. B. CebesoyGaziantep, Turkey

e11 – Reply: A. Mollo, C. Alviggi, G. De Placido,P. De Franciscis, L. Cobellis, N. Colacurci, A. Perino,and R. Venezia

Naples and Palermo, Italy

e12 Beyond consanguinity risk: developing donor birthlimits that consider psychosocial risk factors

J. E. Scheib, and A. RubyDavis and Berkeley, California

e13 – Reply: N. Sawyer

Victoria, Australia

e14 Dehydroepiandrosterone treatment of ovarian failure

D. H. Barad, A. Weghofer, and N. GleicherNew York, New York

e15 – Reply: L. Mamas, and E. Mamas

Athens, Greece

e16 Less may, indeed, be less: multicollinearity instudies of ovarian reserve

D. H. Barad, and N. GleicherNew York, New York

e17 – Reply: L. Pal, S. Jindal, B. R. Witt, and N. F. Santoro

The Bronx, New York

e19 Correlation between DNA damage and spermparameters

F. F. Verit, and A. VeritSanliurfa, Turkey

e20 – Reply: P. C. Bacrie, and Y. Menezo

La Verriere, France

e21 Evidence of absence or absence of evidence? Areanalysis of the effects of low-dose aspirin in in vitrofertilization

T. A. Gelbaya, and L. G. NardoManchester, United Kingdom

e22 – Reply: E. F. Schisterman, and B. W. Whitcomb,M. Ruopp

Bethesda, Maryland

e23 Flow-mediated dilatation in polycystic ovarysyndrome women

W. P. Martins, C. O. Nastri, C. S. Vieira, andR. A. FerrianiRibeir~ao Preto, Brazil

e24 – Reply: S. Arikan, H. Akay, M. Bahceci, A. Tuzcu,and D. Gokalp

Diyarbakir, Turkey

e25 Setting up a medical abortion service for failure

Y. Swica, and B. WinikoffNew York, New York

e26 – Reply: D. S. Seidman

Tel-Hashomer, Israel

e27 Protein Z levels and recurrent pregnancy loss

S. Effraimidou, D. Farmakiotis, and M. TopalidouThessaloniki, Greece

e28 – Reply: A. Dossenbach-Glaninger, and P. Hopmeier

Vienna, Austria

e29 Generational amnesia

M. G. MunroLos Angeles, California

e30 – Reply: S. Deb

Nottingham, England

e31 Cardiovascular risks of pregnancy in women withTurner syndrome

C. Bondy, D. Rosing, R. ReindollarBethesda, Maryland; and Lebanon, New Hampshire

e33 Susceptibility to aortic dissection in TurnerSyndrome pregnancy: inadequacy of the ASRMPractice Committee Report

M. SilberbachPortland, Oregon

e34 – Reply: C. C. Boissonnas, P. Jouannet, C. Davy,and L. Cabanes

Paris, France

e35 CA-125 as a biomarker for malignant transformationof endometriosis

J. H. CheckCamden, New Jersey

e36 – Reply: F. Nezhat

New York, New York

e37 The endometriosis–ovarian cancer connection: thecase against preventive surgery

P. Vercellini, F. Parazzini, E. Somigliana, P. Vigano,G. Bolis, and L. FedeleMilan, Italy

e38 Modified ultrasound scanning is a cost-effectivemethod for the detection of deep infiltratingendometriosis

S. Guerriero, J. L. Alcazar, S. Ajossa, and G. B. MelisCagliari, Italy; and Pamplona, Spain

e39 – Reply: M. Bazot, E. Daraı

Paris, France

e40 Good News for Women with Endometriosis!

H. RomanRouen, France

e41 – Reply: R. Seracchioli

Bologna, Italy

BOOK REVIEW

1966 Review of Oncofertility: Fertility Preservation forCancer Survivors, edited by T. K. Woodruffand S. K. Ann

J. RobinsProvidence, Rhode Island

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