SPANISH GRAMMAR CONCEPTS

Matt Glazier

Table Of ContentsPreterite- Slide 1Preterite Triggers- Slide 2Car Gar & Zars- Slide 3Spock- Slide 4Cucaracha- Slide 5Snake- Slide 6Snakey- Slide 7Imperfect- Slide 8Imperfect Triggers- Slide 9Imperfect Irregulars- Slide 10Preterite vs. Imperfect- Slide 11Ser Vs. Estar- Slide 12

Verbs Like Gustar- Slide 13Comparatives- Slide 14Superlatives- Slide 15Transition words- Slide 16Future Tense- Slide 17Future Triggers- Slide 18Future Irregulars- Slide 19Por- Slide 20Para- Slide 21

• A defined action in the past that has a beginning and an end.

PRETERITE

-é -amos

-aste -asteís

-ó -aron

-í -imos

-iste -isteís

-ió -ieron

-AR VERBS -ER/IR VERBS

AyerAnoche

Anteayer

La Semana pesada

Año PasadoEl otro día

Esta mañanaEl mes pasado

Preterite Triggers

-que -camos

-caste -casteís

-có -caron

Car-Gar-y Zars

-gue -gamos

-gaste -gasteís

-gó -garon-cé -zamos

-zaste -zasteís

-zó -zaron

CAR

G A R

Z A R

SPOCK VERBS

-í-iste-ió

-imos-isteís-ieron

-hice-hiciste

-hizo-hicimos-hicisteís-hicieron

-fuí-fuiste

-fue-fuimos-fuisteís-fueron

-Dar/Ver -Hacer -Ser/Ir

CUCARACHAVERBS

Andar-AnduvEstar-EstuvPoder-PudPoner-PusQuerer-QuisSaber-SupTener-Tuv

Venir-VinConduvcer- CondujProducir-ProdujTraducir-TradujDecir-DijTraer-Traj

-e-iste-o-io-imos-isteís-ieron

SNAKE VERBS

Changes only in the 3rd person

e-i Ex: Competir, Preferir

o-u Ex: Dormir, Morrir

SNAKEY VERBS

Changes only in the 3rd person

i-y Ex: Oir

e-y Ex: Leer, Creer

IMPERFECT•A non-completed or ongoing action in the past.

-aba -abamos

-abas -abais

-aba -aban

-ía -íamos

-ías -íais

-ía -ían

-AR VERBS -ER/IR VERBS

A vecesFrequentamente

Muchas Veces

Cada díaMientra

Todos los días

Los lunesDe vez en

cuando

Imperfect Triggers

IMPERFECT IRREGULARS

Ver

•Veía, veías, veía,veíamos,veíais, veían

Ir

•Iba, ibas, iba, íbamos, ibais, iban

Ser

•Era, eras, era, éramos, erais, eran

PRETERITE Vs. IMPERFECT

•Completed actions in the past.•Have a defined beginning and end.•Specific time.

•Continuing actions.•Non-completed.•Ongoing•Not a specific time.

Both actions happen in the past.

Irregular Verb

Permanent

Irregular Verb

Not permanent

SER Vs. ESTAR

To be To be

HOW TO DETERMINE?

Description

Origin

Characteristics

Time

Occupation

Relationship

Possession

Event

Date

HealthEmotionsLocationPresent conditionIN

G

Verbs Like GustarHacerFaltarSoprenderDisgustarDolerApetecerPreocuparInteresar

EncantarFascinarAburrirQuedarMolestarImportarCaer bienCaer mal

COMPARATIVES

Used to compare one person or thing to another.

Más…. que More thanMenos…. que Less/Fewer thanTan…. como as…..asTanto…. como as many/much as

Note: There is always an adjective in between “más”/”menos” and “que”.

SUPERLATIVESThe superlative form is used for the most or the least of something.

El/la mejor…de The most…. OfEl menor…..de The least…. Of

Note: there is an adjective used in between “mejor”/”menor” and “de”.

TRANSITION WORDS

Aunque- AlthoughMientras- WhileA pesar de- In spite ofPero- But

Sin Embargo-NeverthelessTambíen- AlsoNo Obstante- NeverthelessPor lo tanto- Therefore

FUTURE TENSEActions “to be completed”. Anything in the future.

Form: Infinitive plus the ending.

-é -amos

-ás -éis

-á -an

El Proximo[-día,

semana..etc]

MañanaEn (uno, dos)

[-días, semanas…

etc]

FUTURE TRIGGERS

FUTURE IRREGULARSCaber-CabrDecir-DirHaber-HabrHacer-Har

Hay-HabráPoder-PodrPoner-PondrQuerer-QuerrSaber-Sabr

Salir-SaldrTener-TendrValer-ValdrVenir-Vendr

Passing through PORtalGeneral rather than specific Location- PORtugalHow long something lasts POReverThe cause of something- PORpuseAn exchange imPORt/exPORtDoing something in place or instead of

someone else, I’m POR pay for meA means of transPORtation

Por

For whom something is done, a surprise PARAtay

Destination- PARAguayPurpose for which something is doneExpresses an opinion- PARAdon me, butTo Compare or contrastExpress an idea of deadline- PARAmedic

Para