MAXIMIZING VALUE OF OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENTS THROUGH RESERVOIR TO SURFACE INTEGRATED MODELING AND OPTIMIZATIONAND OPTIMIZATION

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017

Dr R. Marmier, Total SA, Head of Integrated Asset Modeling entity

● All Oil Companies have the same objectives

MAXIMIZE PRODUCTION AND MINIMIZE COSTS

● From Exploration / Appraisal and Development phases (green field) to operation and end of life (brown field)

OBJECTIVES

Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA2

● Maximizing production and minimizing costs rapidly becomes a complex Optimization Problem requiring Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling

- More and more complex developments (subsea, ultra-deep, long tie-back, unconventional, ...), environments (Arctic, …) and fluids (acid, viscous, waxy, …)

- Under Controlled and Safe conditions

NEED FOR INTEGRATED MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION

EXAMPLESEXAMPLES

KEY MESSAGES

Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA3

NEED FOR INTEGRATED MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION

EXAMPLE OF A FIELD DEVELOPMENT

Wells

Network

Process

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Source: Petroleum Experts

HOW MAXIMIZE PRODUCTION AND MINIMIZE COSTS?

Reservoir

Wells

Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA

● Iterative approach

- Disciplines iteratively exchange fictive and approximated boundary conditions between each others

NetworkReservoir ProcessWellReservoir Well Network Process

All constraints?Consistent?Optimal solution?

NEED FOR INTEGRATED MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION

CostsCosts

● Reservoir to Surface Integrated Asset Modeling

- Disciplines work together at Asset level

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Optimal solution?

Reservoir to Surface Integrated Asset Modeling

Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA

The production of an onshore oil field is delivered to a process facility where the gas is

separated and compressed to the required pressure to join an existing gas transportation

network.

What is the optimum production rate to maximize production and minimize costs?

NEED FOR INTEGRATED MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION

OPTIMIZATION EXAMPLE

Maximized Production & Minimized Costs

FIELD OPTIMUM PRODUCTION ≠ SUM (SINGLE COMPONENT OPTIMUM PRODUCTION)

Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA

NEED FOR INTEGRATED MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION

● 3 offshore oil discoveries: which optimum development concepts?

- stand-alone? tie-back to field A or B?...

DEFINE BEST DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT

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…Tie-back to field A

Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA

NEED FOR INTEGRATED MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION

● Monitoring, production tests validations, alarming, virtual metering …

DEFINE BEST OPERATING SET POINTS

8Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA

NEED FOR INTEGRATED MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION

COMMERCIAL TOOLS

COLLABORATION WITH CMU

KEY MESSAGES

9Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA

COMMERCIAL TOOLS

ONE APPROACH: PETEX SUITE APPROACH

10Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA

INTEGRATION AND OPTIMIZATION PROCESSES

● First level optimization: GAP™

- The solver solves mass balance equations through Reservoirs (Mbal™ and Decline curves), wells and Networks, accounting for pressure and temperature pressure drops

- The optimizer (Non-Linear Programming, NLP) identifies the optimum controls setting (well head choke, ESP frequencies, compressor speeds, gas-lift rate, …) that maximizes the production of hydrocarbons whilst honoring physical constraints throughout the system.

PETEX SUITE APPROACH – OPTIMIZATION PROCEDURES

Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA11

honoring physical constraints throughout the system.

INTEGRATION AND OPTIMIZATION PROCESSES

● Second level Optimization: Resolve™ SLP optimizer

- When connecting thrid party application for instance, a higher level optimizer is required.

- The SLP (Sequential Linear Programming) optimizer

• When Resolve performs a SLP optimization process, it starts by making a single pass through the system which may include a GAP ™ optimization to provide a starting point. After this, linear equations to describe the system response with respect to the objective function and constraint equations will

PETEX SUITE APPROACH – OPTIMIZATION PROCEDURES

Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA12

response with respect to the objective function and constraint equations will be derived by perturbing each of the control variables. The linear optimizer will then be ran on the resulting set of linear equations to obtain a proposed new optimum…

INTEGRATION AND OPTIMIZATION PROCESSES

● Second level Optimization: Resolve™ GIRO optimizer

- Most of the optimization problem involving routing (while not limited to them) also contain continuous variables (choke opening, gas-lift injection rates, ESP frequencies, …. Due to the complexity to solve Mixed Integer Non-Convex Non-Linear Optimization Problems, the approach followed by Petex is to divide the problem into two

• Having a non linear optimizer dealing with the continuous variables and constraints

PETEX SUITE APPROACH – OPTIMIZATION PROCEDURES

Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA13

constraints

• Combined with an Integer Optimizer dealing with the global search of the optimum routing -> GIRO

- Initial Population

- Evaluating the initial population

- Survival of the fittest population

- Creating a new population (X-Over)

- Loop

COMMERCIAL TOOLS

● Field Description: Offshore Oil Field developed with 9 wells

● Problematic: It is required to increase the current oil production by accounting for process constrain (min 1300 psig export pressure).

PETEX SUITE APPROACH – GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION EXAMPLE

Process Entry Pressure

Resolve™ -SLP

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Wellhead chokes GAP™ -NLP

Pressure

Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA

COMMERCIAL TOOLS

● Field Description: Offshore Oil Field developed with 8 wells

● Problematic: It is required to maximize the production.

Pipeline routing Resolve ™ - GIRO

PETEX SUITE APPROACH – GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION EXAMPLE

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Wellhead chokes GAP ™ -NLP

Compressor speed

Resolve ™ -SLP

Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA

NEED FOR INTEGRATED MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION

COMMERCIAL TOOLS

COLLABORATION WITH CMU

KEY MESSAGES

16Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA

COLLABORATION WITH CMU

● Current successful collaboration with CMU on a reduced model

- Multi period NLP optimization

• Most of commercial tools perform optimization at every time step

- Bi-objective function optimization

• Most of commercial tools perform optimization on production

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- Benchmarking of different solvers

- Stochastic optimization

• Most of commercial tools doesn’t account for uncertain parameters

Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA

NEED FOR INTEGRATED MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION

COMMERCIAL TOOLS

COLLABORATION WITH CMU

KEY MESSAGES

18Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA

KEY MESSAGES

● Maximizing production and minimizing costs is a complex Optimization Problem requiring Integrated Modeling

● Developments (subsea, ultra-deep, long tie-back, unconventional, ...), environments (Arctic, …), fluids (acid, viscous, waxy, …) and Models (Reservoir, Well, Network and Process) are getting more and more complex within a tight economical context…

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complex within a tight economical context…

● From Exploration / Appraisal and Development phases (green field) to operation and end of life (brown field)

● Commercial tools exist… requiring further Research and Developments for more powerful integration / optimization algorithms and tools

Maximizing Value of Oil and Gas Developments through Reservoir to Surface Integrated Modeling and Optimization

EWO meeting, 19th of October 2017 - R. Marmier, Total SA