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Mauryan Empire
321 B.C.E.- 185 B.C.E.
Mauryan Empire
NAME ROLL NO.
PIYUSH ZINZALA 14SA162
JEEGAR VARIYA 14SA134
JAY PRAJAPATI 14SA133
YASH BANKER 14SA149
DHAVAL KARKAR 14SA122
CHINTAN BAROT 14SA124
NISHIKESH TATHE 14SA
NAME ROLL NO.
AABHA PARIKH 14SA101
KHUSHALI SACHANIA 14SA140
FARAN HATHIDARA 14SA125
JANKI SUVAGIYA 14SA132
AMI PONKIA 14SA107
KESHA SHETH 14SA137
RAJVI MANIYAR 14SA168
Government Structure
First King – Chandragupta (322 to 298 B.C.E.)
•Established a centralized state, uniting Northern India
•Had state regulated trade that prospered
Second King – Bindusara (296 to 273 B.C.E)
•Extended kingdom to the south
•Third King – Ashoka (273 to 232 B.C.E.)
•Helped by a council of ministers who were the head of different ministries.
•Was concerned with the welfare of his people
Strong government
Like Qin, Han rulers, Chandragupta Maurya established centralized
government to control empire, crush resistance
Relied on brilliant adviser Kautilya, Brahmin, member of the priest caste
Empire divided
Chandragupta divided empire into districts, appointed loyalists to rule them
Organized bureaucracy ran government, spies monitored officials, gathered
information, rooted out threats to state
Arthasastra
Manual for statecraft, thought to be written by Kautilya
Arthasastra called for strict state control
Also called for use of spies, even assassination
Mauryan Rule
• Greatest city, Mauryan
capital: magnificent
palaces, temples, parks
• Government controlled
economy
• Emperor owned land, rent
money from farmers
funded government
Pataliputra
• Greek ambassador visited
Mauryan Empire during
Chandragupta’s reign
• Wrote about his
observations
• Described land of
prosperity
Megasthenes
The Mauryan Empire
O
O
O
O
O
O
ASHOKA
KAUTILYA ( OR CHANAKYA )
Buddhism Hinduism Jainism
Migration/Population
Writing System
Social Structure
The Mauryan Empire were the first in India to transition from wood to stone in their architecture and art.
Stupa Pillars
THE DHARMARAJIKA STUPA : This is the earliest of the remains here at Sarnath, built on Mauryan period attributed to the Emperor Ashoka the great. The Dharmarajika Stupa was
expanded and enlarged several times upto 12th century AD. The structure was destroyed by repeated invasions and negligence. What is found today is the result of repeated effort of
reconstruction.
THE CHAUKHANDI STUPA : Chaukhandi is the first monument encountered by the visitors as they enter Sarnath. It is a lofty mound of brick, a structure whose square edifice is surrounded by an octagonal tower. This structure is also said to be raised by Emperor
Ashoka.
THE DHAMEKHA STUPA : King Ashoka also built the Dhamekha Stupa. The present size of the stupa is 31.3 metre high and 28.3 metre in diameter. The lower portion of the stupa is covered completely with beautifully carved stones. The design consists of a broad band of
'Swastika', carved in different geometrical patterns with a finely chiseled lotus garland, running over and below the Swastikas.
THE MULAGANDHA KUTI VIHAR: It is the modern temple erected by the Mahabodhi Society. It has excellent frescoes by Kosetsu Nosu who is famous Japanist painter.Several
Buddhist relics are also excavated here. On Buddha Purnima, the birth ceremony of Buddha, relics of Buddha are taken out in procession.The archaeological museum at Sarnath houses
several Buddhist sculpture and relics,also a rich collection of Buddhist manuscript and writings.
• The 'Great Stupa' at Sanchi is the oldest structure and was originally commissioned by the emperor ashoka the Great in the 3rd century BCE.
• Its nucleus was a hemispherical brick structure built over the relics of the Buddha. It was crowned by the
chatra, a parasol-like structure symbolising high rank
• A pillar of finely polished sandstone was also erected. The old stupa was later covered when it was expanded. The bottom part of the pillar still stands.
• The upper parts of the pillar are placed under a canopy nearby. The pillar has an Ashokan inscription
(Schism Edict) and an inscription in the ornamental Sankha lipi from the Gupta period
General information
Type - Stupa and surrounding buildings Architectural style - Buddhist architecture
Construction started - 3rd century BCE Height - 16.46 m (54.0 ft)
Dimensions Diameter - 36.6 m (120 ft)
THE ASHOKA PILLER: The Ashoka pillar is extremely important because on top of the pillar there used to be a statue of four lions holding up a wheel, which is national sign of India
now. The wheel stands for 'Dharma'. The pillar is broken now and the 'Lion capital of Ashoka' is in display at Sarnath museum, which consists of a canopy representing an
inverted bell-shaped lotus flower, a short cylindrical abacus where alternate four 24-spoked Dharma wheels with four animals (an elephant, a bull, a horse, a lion in this order), and four
lions facing the four cardinal directions.
The Iron Pillar located in Delhi, India, is a 7 m (23 ft) column in the Qutb complex, notable for the rust-resistant composition of the metals used in its construction.
The pillar weighs over 6,000 kg, and is thought to have originally been erected in what is now
Udayagiri by one of the Gupta monarchs in approximately 402 CE, though the precise date and location are a matter of dispute. It was transported to its current location in 1233 CE.
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