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MatterMatter
What is matter?What is matter?
• Matter is everything around you, including you!• Matter is what all things are made of.
Matter has 3 forms.Matter has 3 forms.
1. Solid1. Solid
2. Liquid2. Liquid
3. Gas3. Gas
SolidsSolids
• A solid has its own shape.
• A solid does not change unless you cut, bend, or break it.
• Solids take up space and have mass.
LiquidsLiquids
• Liquids do not have their own shape.
• Liquids take the shape of their container.
• Liquids take up space and have mass.
GasesGases
• Gases have no definite size or shape.
• Gases take the shape of its container.
• A gas will fill all the space inside a container.
• Gases take up space and have mass.
Mixtures:Mixtures:
• A mixture is a combination of two or more substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties
• This is a physical blending, not a chemical blending.
• Composition of the mixture can vary
• Can be physically separated
Heterogeneous & Homogeneous Mixtures:
Heterogeneous & Homogeneous Mixtures:
• Heterogeneous Mixture- one that does not blend smoothly throughout and which the individual substances remain distinct
• Examples: Sand and Water, Oil and Water, Cement
• Homogeneous Mixture (Solutions)- has constant composition throughout; it always has a single phase
• Examples: salt water, vinegar, alloys
•Magnet
•Filter
•Decant
•Evaporation
•Centrifuge
•Chromatography
•Distillation
METHODS OF SEPARATING MIXTURES
METHODS OF SEPARATING MIXTURES
• A technique that uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid
FILTRATIONFILTRATION
• A technique that is based on differences in the boiling points of substances
DISTILLATIONDISTILLATION
• A technique that results in the formation of pure solid particles of a substance from a solution containing the dissolved substance
CRYSTALLIZATIONCRYSTALLIZATION
• A technique that separates the components of a mixture on the basis of the tendency of each to travel or be drawn across the surface of another material
CHROMATOGRAPHYCHROMATOGRAPHY
• Elements- are the simplest form of matter that can exist under NORMAL laboratory conditions
– Cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means
– Are the building blocks for all other --substances
• Compounds-are substances that can be separated into simpler substances by chemical means
ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDSELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS