Matter and Its Changes

notes

Only write the question and answer. You do not have to draw the chart.

1. Which material has a density less than 1.3 grams per milliliter?a. Gravel rock b. Hydrogen peroxide c. Water d. Aluminum

2. Which two substances are similar in their state at room temperature and their reaction with light?a. Aluminum and hydrogen peroxideb. Water and hydrogen peroxidec. Water and aluminumd. Gravel rock and aluminum

Material State at room temp.

Color Density(g/ml)

Reacts with light

Gravel rock Solid Brown 2.8 No

Hydrogen peroxide

Liquid Colorless 1.4 Yes

Water Liquid Colorless 1.0 No

Aluminum Solid Shiny silver 2.7 No

Properties of matter- bellringerPlease draw and complete the following chart. Refer to chart at top of p. 84

in your text if needed.

Type of matter Physical properties

Log (wood)

Pillow

Bowl of cookie dough

Book

Properties of matter-answerPlease draw and complete the following chart. Refer to chart at top of p. 84

in your text if needed. Answers below. Answers may vary.

Type of matter Physical properties Chemical properties

Log Brown, round, might have length, solid

Flammability

Pillow Soft, might describe color, size, solid

Flammability

Bowl of cookie dough Color, gooey, chunks in it, solid

Reacts with heat

Book Might describe size, rectangle, color, size

flammability

BELLRINGER- 11-17-08You only have to copy and write question 2 but please answer both questions. 1. Mercury oxide is heated, undergoes a chemical reaction, and changes into mercury

and oxygen. The mercury oxide had a mass of 216 grams before the reaction. After the reaction the mass of the mercury alone is 200 grams. According to the law of conservation of mass, what mass of oxygen is there after the chemical reaction?

A 0 gramsB 16 gramsC 216 gramsD 200 grams

2. The metal titanium reacts less to oxygen than most metals do. This is a ________________.

A chemical propertyB physical propertyC physical changeD change of state of matter

Density

Sample Mass Volume Density

A 3.0 g 6.5cm

B 1.2g 1.1 cm

C 4.5 g 0.88 g/ cm

Please write question and answer.

1. Which state of matter is represented by the particles in the jar labeled C?

A) liquid B) plasma C) solid D) gas

2. If the material in the jars are all a form of H2O (or water), which might be a temperature for jar B? A) -5°C B) 15°C C) 105°C D) 215°C

1. Which material could have a volume of 0.75 cm3 and a mass of 14.5 g? A) aluminum (Al) B) platinum (Pt) C) tin (Sn) D) gold (Au)

2. According to the chart below, which of these materials has a greater mass for a volume of 100 cm3? A) copper (Cu) B) lead (Pb) C) iron (Fe) D) magnesium (Mg)

What is matter?

• Anything that has mass and takes up space• Yes or no• Air• Light• Noise• Sunlight• Person

Physical property

• Any characteristic of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the material

Make a foldable “Physical properties”

• 8 slits• Mass – add this today• Volume – add this today• Density• Boiling point• Melting point• Color, shape, size• State of matter

Matter and Its Changes

Measurements

Bellringers 11/18/09Please write the questions and correct answer

• 1. Which object would have the greatest mass?• A. Balloon• B. feather• C. baseball• D. pencil

• 2. Which object would have the least volume?• A. balloon• B. ring• C. baseball• D. pencil

Review• During the previous classes, we learned about matter. Not

all things are classified as matter. Light, sound, and emotions are not matter. Matter must have mass and take up space.

• We have learned that matter can be described using physical properties. Physical properties can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance.

• We have briefly looked at how to obtain mass and volume using instruments and tools. We learned that the volume of an object can be obtained by either displacing water or by measuring length times width times height.

Preview

• Today we will be relating how measurements are used to describe matter. Measurements such as mass, volume, and density are used to differentiate matter. Measurements are physical properties.

• Hook: Students will be shown a beaker with three different liquids. This will be shaken. Why do these liquids separate into layers? The liquids have different densities.

• Students will be shown two tennis balls which look the same. However, they will realize that one is much heavier than the other.

Mass and volume

• Mass – amount of material in an object Use a scale (weight in grams)

• Volume – amount of space an object takes up Use a ruler to find length x width x height in cmUse a beaker to find out how much water is displaced

• (ml or cc; cm³)

Density

• Density – the amount of mass per volume

• Formula • Density = mass / volume OR d = m/v

Video clip

• http://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry/measuringmatter/

• “Measuring matter”

Practice density

• BrainPOP graphic organizer and “Use the formula” worksheet(s)

Model density

• 1. Obtain the mass on the scale• 2. Determine how you will obtain the volume

Ask yourself: will it be by placing the object in water OR by measuring length x width X height

Hands-on density practice

• Find the density of the rock

Formative assessment• 1. What is the correct formula to obtain density?• A. Mass / volume• B. Volume / mass• C. Density / volume• D. None of the above

• 2. What object would have the greatest density?• A. Balloon• B. Bowling ball• C. Kickball

• 3. What is the density of a ball that has a mass of 40 grams and a volume of 10 cm³?

• A. 1 g / 4 cm³• B. 1 cm³ / 4 g• C. 4 g / cm³

BrainPOP: Measuring matter

• http://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry/measuringmatter/

Metal properties

• Luster-does it shine?• Malleability- can be hammered into thin

sheets• Ductility- can be drawn into wire• Magnetism- attracted to a magnet

Metal video

• http://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry/metals/

• “Metals”

• Give examples of objects in the classroom and not found in the classroom that have a metallic luster

Bellringer- 11/30/09

• Match the following properties with their descriptions:

• 1. luster A. Wiring in a house• 2. malleable B. Paper clip picked up by • 3. ductile a magnet• 4. magnetism C. Aluminum foil is a thin

sheet• D. A shiny penny

Boiling point vs. Melting point• Boiling point – temperature that a liquid boils to gas

Water = 100˚ C or above (212˚F)

• Melting point – temperature that a solid melts into a liquidWater = 0˚ C or above (32 ˚F)

• Freezing point – temperature that a liquid freezes into a solidWater = 0˚ C or below (32 ˚F)

• Each of these temps are different for different materials

Boiling and melting point• Worksheets go with following movie• http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId

=CCAD037E-5E2D-4AC3-9929-090E6277C929

• http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=EFEEEC91-C1CA-440B-BDEF-E1772DE5C8E9&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

• http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=EFEEEC91-C1CA-440B-BDEF-E1772DE5C8E9&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

• http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=ABCBCDEB-F646-45A7-AA8A-53A0DCD5F66B&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

• “Melting and vaporization”• http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=ABCBCDEB-F646-

45A7-AA8A-53A0DCD5F66B&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US• “Freezing and condensation”

Bellringer - write question and answer1. When a balloon bursts, most of the air escapes and the

balloon shrinks. What happens to the balloon? A) The volume of the balloon decreases. B) The mass of the balloon increases. C) The mass of the balloon decreases. D) The volume of the balloon increases.

2. The melting point of lead is 327.5°C. Which of the following could describe lead? A) gas at 280°C B) liquid at 310°C C) solid at 380°C D) solid at 310°C

Density-bellringer 12-1-09

Sample Mass Volume Density

A 15 g 5 cm

B 3 g 3 cm

C 45 g 9 cm

States of matter-examples

• gas• Liquid• Solid• Plasma- highest temperature and energy

movementEx. lightning strikes, atmosphere, and

fluorescent bulbs

States of matter

• Draw each one below• How would you describe each of these?

(Notice their differences)• Infer which is solid, gas, and liquid

States of matter notesfill out the chart with a description from below• Movement energy: lots, some, almost none• Shape and volume: no shape and volume; no; fixed• Particles: packed close; spread far apart; fairly close• Temperature: highest, lowest, between gas and solid

Movement energy

Shape and volume

particles temperature

solid

liquid

gas

States of matter notesMovement energy

Shape and volume

particles temperature

solid Almost none

fixed Packed close

lowest

liquid some No shape but fixed volume

Fairly close

Between gas and solid

gas lots no Spread far apart

highest

BrainPOP: States of matter

• http://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry/statesofmatter/

• “States of matter”

BrainPOP: Matter changing states

• http://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry/matterchangingstates/

• “Matter changing states”

States of matter- activity

• http://www.collaborativelearning.org/statesofmatter.pdf

• Collecting cards

Using physical properties

• Create an “I spy” game to find different objects in the classroom

• Use specific physical properties

Chemical properties

• Flammability• Reacts to another substance (oxygen, water,

vinegar, etc. )• Reacts to light, electricity, heat, etc.

Physical change

• The physical property may change BUT what the substance is does not change

• http://www.saskschools.ca/curr_content/science9/chemistry/lesson8b.html

Chemical change

• http://www.saskschools.ca/curr_content/science9/chemistry/lesson8a.html

BrainPOP: Physical and chemical changes

• http://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry/propertychanges/

• “Property changes”

Compare physical and chemical changes

Physical vs. chemical

• Physical change-Matter has changed shape, form, or size

• Chemical change- one substance has changed into another

Signs of a change

• Chemical-gas bubbles; production of heat, light, or smoke; change in color, and sound

Lab activity: Evidence of chemical change

• Baking soda, calcium chloride, water• Cornstarch, water, iodine• Epsom salts, washing soda, and water• Copper penny, salt, and vinegar

• http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=B9606969-63C0-4A59-B941-31FDA0602589&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

• Physical Science Series: Properties of Matter• A Segment of: Physical Science Series:

Properties of Matter

• http://www.miamisci.org/af/sln/phases/copperliquid.html

• webquest

Physical change

• The physical property may change BUT what the substance it is does not change

Physical vs. chemical

• Physical change-Matter has changed shape, form, or size

• Chemical change- one substance has changed into another or a new substance is made; a chemical reaction has occurred

Physical changes - examples

Chemical changes - examples

Physical vs. Chemical change station activity

• Fill out worksheets

Lab activity: Determining volume

• Workbook p. 3

Law of conservation of mass

• http://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry/conservationofmass/preview.weml

• “Law of conservation of mass”

Lab activity: Observing yeast

• p. 4• Yeast, warm water, sugar

Lab activity: Density-Liquid layers

• p. 5

Lab activity: Density of solids

• p. 9