Maths revision guide

Contents

BIDMAS Pythagoras’ Theorem

Fractions

Histograms Cumulative Frequency

Probability

Cumulative frequency

Finding the median and quartiles

When looking at a cumulative frequency curve, you will need to know how to find its median, lower and upper quartiles, and the interquartile range.

By drawing horizontal lines to represent 1/4 of the total frequency, 1/2 of the total frequency and 3/4 of the total frequency, we can read estimates of the lower quartile, median and upper quartile from the horizontal axis.

Histograms Remember that in a bar chart the height of the bar represents the frequency. It is therefore correct to label the vertical axis 'frequency'.

However, as in a histogram, it is the area which represents the frequency.

It would therefore be incorrect to label the vertical axis 'frequency' and the label should be 'frequency density'.

Fractions

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101 1/1 1/2 1/3 1/4 1/5 1/6 1/7 1/8 1/9 1/102 2/1 2/2 2/3 2/4 2/5 2/6 2/7 2/8 2/9 2/103 3/1 3/2 3/3 3/4 3/5 3/6 3/7 3/8 3/9 3/104 4/1 4/2 4/3 4/4 4/5 4/6 4/7 4/8 4/9 4/105 5/1 5/2 5/3 5/4 5/5 5/6 5/7 5/8 5/9 5/106 6/1 6/2 6/3 6/4 6/5 6/6 6/7 6/8 6/9 6/107 7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/108 8/1 8/2 8/3 8/4 8/5 8/6 8/7 8/8 8/9 8/109 9/1 9/2 9/3 9/4 9/5 9/6 9/7 9/8 9/9 9/1010 10/1 10/2 10/3 10/4 10/5 10/6 10/7 10/8 10/9 10/1

0

Pythagoras’s theorem

10 cm

5 cm

c

a²+b²=c²10 ²+5²= c²100+25=c²C=√125 C=11.18cm 2d.p.

12cm

b

5 cm

c²-a²=b²12²-5²=b²144-25=b²C=√119C=10.91cm 2d.p.

BIDMAS

BIDMAS is (Brackets, Indices, Division, Multiplication, Addition, and Subtraction). BIDMAS tells us which operation should come first. these rules can be remembered easily by using BIDMAS (Brackets, Indices, Division, Multiplication, Addition, and Subtraction). BIDMAS tells us which operation should come first.

Probability

You can estimate probabilities from an experiment. These are sometimes called experimental probabilities. For example, in an experiment where you drop a drawing pin:The pin lands up 279 times.The pin lands down 721 times.The total number of throws is 1000.So the probability of the drawing pin landing up is:

The number of times this outcome occurs (pin up) ÷ total number of outcomes (or trials) = 279/1000 (or 0.279, or 27.9 %).

QUIZ

1. What is 25/6 as a proper fraction? 4/3 4 1/6 12/4 3 4/6

Incorrect Retry ?

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2. What is 2x4-2+3(3-2) ?71012 9

Question 2

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3. What is the probability of a red light Green light: 0.6733 23 0.33 0.43

Question 3

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Question 4

4.What is the median ?0.6250.800.550.65

IncorrectRetry ?

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Question 5

5. Work out was X is2530.5440.8711.18

5 cm

10 cm

X

Incorrect Retry ?

Correct Finished