Mathematics Vocabulary - Grade 9-12 ©Partners for Learning, Inc. adjacent angle Angles immediately next to each other Angles 1 and 2 are adjacent angles

Mathematics Vocabulary - Grade 9-12

©Partners for Learning, Inc.

adjacent angle

Angles immediately next to each other

Angles 1 and 2 are adjacent angles



adjacent side

Sides immediately next to each other



alternate exterior angle

When two lines are crossed by another line (which is called the Transversal), the pairs of angles on opposite sides of the transversal but outside the two lines are called Alternate Exterior Angles

Angles 1 and 2 are alternate exterior angles



alternate interior angle

When two lines are crossed by another line (which is called the Transversal),the pairs of angles on opposite sides of the transversal but inside the two lines are called Alternate Interior Angles

Angles 1 and 2 are alternate interior angles



angle bisector

A line that splits an angle into two equal angles

Angle bisector



average salary

The amount of money that person in a particular profession makes

High Sc

hool

Some Colle

ge

Associa

te's Degre

e

Bachelor's

Degree

Mast

ers Degre

e0

2000040000

6000080000

Average Salary By Education



axis

The horizontal and vertical number lines used in a coordinate plane system.



axis of symmetry

A line that cuts an object in half so that the two halves are mirror images of each other



bisector

A line that cuts something (like an angle) in half



central angle

An angle in a circle with its corner in circle's center



circular

Having the shape of a perfect circle, or resembling a circle in shape

This cake is circular



collinear

Three or more points lie on the same straight line



commission

A fee paid based on a percentage of the sale made by an employee or agent, separate from regular payments of wages or salary

Larry works at a furniture store. For every couch he sells, Larry gets $100 in commission. So, if Larry sells 7 couches this month, he will get $700 in addition to his regular wages.



complementary angle

Two angles that add up to equal 90°

30

6090



conclusion

A statement that follows logically from other facts

2 added to 3 equals 5

3 subtracted from 5 equals 2

So, 2 subtracted from 5 would equal 3

Fact:

Fact:

Conclusion:



congruent triangle

Triangles that are exactly the same size



construction

The process of building something



converse

Switching the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional statement ("If… then…" statement)

If Sammy has 4 points, then Jared has 6 points.

If Jared has 6 points, then Sammy has 4 points.



coordinate plane

The plane formed by the x-axis and the y-axis



correlation

The degree to which two variables are related

On a scatterplot, the closer together the points are, the higher the correlation. If the points are scattered far from one another, the correlation is less.

Higher Correlation

Lower Correlation



cosecant

For a given angle in a right triangle, a trigonometric function equal to the length of the hypotenuse divided by that of the side opposite the angle

hypotenuse

adjacent side

opposite side



cosine

In a right angled triangle, the cosine of an angle is: The length of the adjacent side divided by the length of the hypotenuse. The abbreviation is cos



counterexample

An example which disproves a proposition

Example:

All prime numbers are odd. But, 2 is a prime number. This is a counterexample.



decagon

A polygon with 10 sides



depreciate

The decrease in value of assets

In 2009, this car was worth $23,000In 2012, it had depreciated to $12,000



domain

All the values that go into a function

Relation: Range:

Domain:



empty set

A set with no elements, also called null set



equation of a line

Various equations that represent a line. In all equations, slope is represented by m, the x-intercept by a, and the y-intercept by b.

Slope intercept from (equation of a line):

𝒚=𝒎𝒙+𝒃



equiangular triangle

A triangle with three equal angles

A

C B

𝐴=𝐵=𝐶



exponential

Containing, involving, or expressed as an exponent

𝑥3exponent



exterior angle

The angle between any side of a shape, and a line extended from the next side

Exterior Angle



feet per second

Expresses the distance in feet traveled divided by the time in seconds

The remote controlled car traveled 10 feet in 15 seconds.

So, the remote controlled car traveled 0.6667 feet per second.



geometric series

A sequence made by multiplying some number each time

Example:

Each number is multiplied by 2.



heptagon




hexagon




how much

A phrase asking for a total value or quantity

Brad ordered 5 pizzas and still has $6 left.

How much money does Brad have left after he orders the pizza?

• Brad has $6 left.



function table

Displays the relationship between the inputs and outputs of a specific function



hyperbolic

Relating to, involving, or typical of a hyperbola (a curve shaped like an arch)



hypotenuse

The side opposite the right angle in a right-angled triangle

Hypotenuse

Right Triangle



identity

An equation that is true no matter what values are chosen.

Is an example of an identity



infinite

Unable to be counted, unlimited; opposite of finite

This symbol represents infinite; this symbol has no start or end so it cannot be counted or measured



inscribe

To draw on the inside of, touching as many points as possible.



interquartile range

The difference between the upper limit for the lower quarter and the lower limit for the upper quarter

Interquartile Range = Q3 – Q1



inverse

Opposite in effect; the reverse of

Inverse



least common multiple

the smallest common multiple that two or more numbers have in common



leg

Either of the legs connected to the base of a trapezoid or triangle



line symmetry

Another name for reflection symmetry. One half is the reflection of the other half.



linear foot

A straight line measurement of 12 inches

This line is a linear foot long



linear graph

A model of a straight line on the X and Y axis. It represents the equation y=mx+b.

Month April May June July0

102030405060708090

Average Temperature



linear pair

A pair of adjacent angles formed by intersecting lines



log

Abbreviation for Logarithm, How many of one number need to be multiplied to get another number



number sequence

An ordered set of quantities

𝟐 ,𝟒 ,𝟔 ,𝟖 ,𝟏𝟎 ,𝟏𝟐This number sequence is a set of even quantities from 2 through 12.



opposite side

The side across from the reference angle in a right triangle



perpendicular bisector

The line perpendicular to a segment passing through the segment's midpoint

Perpendicular bisector



point of intersection

The point at which two lines intersect, or cross

Point of Intersection



point symmetry

A special center point for certain kinds of symmetric figures or graphs. If a figure or graph can be rotated 180° about a point P and end up looking identical to the original, then P is a point of symmetry.

Point of symmetry



polynomial

An expression made with constants, variables and exponents, which are combined using addition, subtraction and multiplication

Example of a polynomial:

5 𝑥3+12𝑥2−2𝑥+7



precise

Exact or detailed

March

April May June0

20406080

100

Average Temperature

Average Tem-perature

Tem

pera

ture

in ◦F

The precise measurement for the average temperature in June is 83.9



prime factor

A factor that is a prime number. One of the prime numbers that, when multiplied, give the original number.

The prime factors are circled:



Pythagorean theorem

In a right angled triangle the square of the long side is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.



quartile

Each of the values that divide a list of numbers into quarters.



reciprocal

To get the reciprocal of a number, just divide 1 by the number

21𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑙

21



rectangular area

An area that has the shape of a rectangle

B = 5

H = 3Rectangular Area



regression equation

A function of a particular form (linear, quadratic, exponential, etc.) that fits a set of paired data as closely as possible.

𝑌=𝑎+𝑏𝑋+𝑒The regression equation:



regular pentagon

A pentagon where all angles are equal and all sides are equal



regular hexagon

a hexagon with six sides of equal length



representative sample

A small sample of something that accurately represents an entire group

Example:

Amanda and Kyle conducted surveys to estimate how many students in their school would attend a student production of Fiddler on the Roof.They gave the survey to 75 random students. Giving the survey to 75 random students gives them the best idea of what every student at their school would think. This is a representative sample because their sample represents all of the students in their school.



right cylinder

A cylinder that has centers of the bases that are aligned directly one above the other



right pyramid

A pyramid that has an axis perpendicular to its base



rotational symmetry

The shape can be rotated some amount and is still the same



semi-annual

Happens twice a year

The drama department puts on a semi-annual play; it takes place on December 1st and August 2nd of each year.



semicircle

Half a circle



series

A series is the sum of a sequence.

𝟐 ,𝟒 ,𝟔 ,𝟖 ,𝟏𝟎 ,𝟏𝟐

𝟐+𝟒+𝟔+𝟖+𝟏𝟎+𝟏𝟐=𝟒𝟐

Sequence:

Series:



sine

The length of the opposite side divided by the length of the hypotenuse



slant height

The diagonal distance from the apex of a right circular cone or a right regular pyramid to the base

Slant Height



slope-intercept form

y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept.

𝒚=𝒎𝒙+𝒃



solution set

Any and all value(s) of the variable(s) that satisfies an equation, inequality, system of equations, or system of inequalities.

The only solution to this equation is :

Example:



square kilometer

A unit of area, equal to the area of a square with sides of one kilometer

1 kilometer

(This is not the actual size of a square kilometer)

1 km21

kilo

met

er



square yard

A unit of measurement using squares that measure one yard on each side

1 yard

(This is not the actual size of a square yard)

1 yd21

yard



squared

A number that has been multiplied by itself

42=4×4=16



sum of measures

The result of adding measures together.

𝑨+𝑩+𝑪=𝟏𝟖𝟎°

Sum of measures of angles:



supplementary

Adding up to 180 degrees

𝟒𝟓°+𝟏𝟑𝟓 °=𝟏𝟖𝟎°



supplementary angle

Two Angles are Supplementary if they add up to 180 degrees.

𝟒𝟓°+𝟏𝟑𝟓 °=𝟏𝟖𝟎°



surface area

The total area of the exterior surface of a solid.

Triangular Prism Surface Area:



symmetric

Describes a geometric figure or a graph consisting of two parts that are congruent to each other.

The two sides of the triangle are symmetric



time-and-a-half

rate of pay equal to one and a half times the normal rate, usually paid for overtime work

Sally gets paid $12 per hour. When she works overtime, she gets paid time-and-a-half which is $18 per hour.



times table

A table that shows you the results of multiplying two numbers



transversal

A line that intersects two or more lines at different points.

Transversal



trigonometric function

The six functions sine, cosine, tangent, cosecant, secant, and cotangent.



trigonometric relationship

Describes a relationship between a side and angle of a triangle



undefined

If the denominator of a fraction is 0, then the fraction is undefined.

120

=𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑



valid

Having a well-founded, logical conclusion

2 added to 3 equals 5

3 subtracted from 5 equals 2

So, 2 subtracted from 5 would equal 3

These statements can be proven using mathematical equations (which are logical) so they are valid



variable

a letter or other symbol that represents a number

3 𝑥+6=𝑦Variable



velocity

The rate of change of the position of an object.

Velocity



whole

All, everything, total amounts

Half Whole



wider

Having greater distance from side to side

The orange shape is wider than the blue shape



x-axis

The horizontal number line on a rectangular coordinate system.

x-axis



x-coordinate

The position of a point according to the x-axis



x-intercept

The value of x at the point where a line or graph intersects the x-axis. The value of y is zero (0) at this point.



y-axis

The vertical number line on a rectangular coordinate system.The value of x at the point where a line or graph intersects the x-axis. The value of y is zero (0) at this point.

y-axis

Mathematics Vocabulary - Grade 10


y-coordinate

The position of a point according to the y-axis

Y-coordinate is the vertical distance

Mathematics Vocabulary - Grade 10


y-intercept

The value of y at the point where a line or graph intersects the y-axis. The value of x is zero (0) at this point.

y-intercept

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Mathematics Vocabulary - Grade 9-12 ©Partners for Learning, Inc. adjacent angle Angles immediately next to each other Angles 1 and 2 are adjacent angles