A STUDENTS PERSPECTIVE ON DEPEDS K TO 12 PROGRAM
A ThesisPresented toDiliman Preparatory School
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Math Streams
IV
By:Fabre, Anfernee Gillian C.Sawal, John Lloyd M.Bernardo, Renz
Charles M.Espejo, Yuji Park, Sun YoungKim, Ye HyeonMarch 2015
DEDICATION
To everyone the half of our effortAnd the whole of this
research
A. G. F.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We think its a given that everyone has that one thing that keeps
them going during hard times. It may come in different forms,
ranging from people to things, to words from a book, anything under
the sun, really. And so, with that said, we would like to thank the
following people for helping us through everything we faced while
making this research paper.First and foremost, to God who was
always there, thank you for guiding us spiritually in this endeavor
we faced. To IV-Amorsolo, who was an ever supporting group. Thank
you for just being there and cheering us on as if this research was
a battle being held in the Grand Coliseum in Rome. We won, if
anyone was asking. And of course, to Sir Marphie Yusuke Tabata, for
presenting this huge obstacle for us to face and conquer. It was a
tough battle, but we succeeded and it made us realize that we can
do things we never thought we could. For example, finishing this
research paper. Again, thank you to anyone who cared enough to help
us throughout this whole ordeal.
TABLE OF CONTENTSTITLE PAGE ....iDEDICATION
.....................iiACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .....iiiTABLE OF
CONTENTS.....ivI. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUNDStatement of the
Problem ...................1Significance of the Study
.........2Defining Key Terms ...3II. RELATED LITERATUREIII.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGYResearch Design ..........38The Subjects
......38Research Instruments .........38Data Gathering Procedure
......39Statistical Treatment .39IV. PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND
INTERPRETATION OF DATAV. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONSConclusions
...........47Recommendations ....49APPENDIXBibliographyCurriculum
VitaeChapter I: The Problem and its BackgroundStatement of the
ProblemThis research deals with what students from grade levels 7
to 8 think about DepEds K -12 Program. Do they find it helpful or
simply just another burden? Are they even aware of it? What do they
think of the K-12 Program?The researchers seek to gather data on a
students perspective on DepEds K to 12 Program.Specifically, it
answered the following problems:1. Are students aware of the K-12
Program?2. Which of the features of the K-12 Program do they think
is most beneficial?3. Do students think Dep-Eds K-12 Program is
helpful in a general sense?4. If not, why do they find K-12
detrimental?
Significance of the StudyThis research will benefit the students
by making them more aware as of why the K-12 program is being
implemented. Why it is helpful to their education and their future.
And this would benefit them altogether.
This study will also benefit the institution (the school/s) by
understanding the thoughts of the students. They can understand a
students way of thinking about K-12 in regards to the K-12 Program.
They can better adopt based on how the students think about the
program and how they will handle the change.
DepEd, the institution itself and the staff will also benefit
from this study by helping them determine what the affected
population thinks about their program. It will help them regulate
their plan among the affected students and it will make the change
in the educational system a lot easier.
Just like how the students would benefit greatly from this
research, their parents would also benefit from this by being aware
on why this program is being implemented and how it would benefit
both them and their child/children.
Defining Key TermsDepEd is theexecutive departmentof
thePhilippine governmentresponsible for ensuring access to,
promoting equity in, and improving the quality of basic
educationK-12 Spoken as K Twelve or K to twelve. It is a term used
for primary and second education. Currently being used in the
United States of America, Canada, Australia and is being slowly
implemented here in the Philippines.Features these pertain to the
different programs the K-12 is presenting the population for a
better educational curriculum. The features are as follows:
Strengthening Early Childhood Education (Universal Kindergarten) -
Every Filipino child now has access to early childhood education
through Universal Kindergarten. At 5 years old, children start
schooling and are given the means to slowly adjust to formal
education. Making the Curriculum Relevant to Learners
(Contextualization and Enhancement) - Examples, activities, songs,
poems, stories, and illustrations are based on local culture,
history, and reality. This makes the lessons relevant to the
learners and easy to understand. Building Proficiency through
Language (Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Language) - Aside from
the Mother Tongue, English and Filipino are taught as subjects
starting Grade 1, with a focus on oral fluency. From Grades 4 to 6,
English and Filipino are gradually introduced as languages of
instruction. Both will become primary languages of instruction in
Junior High School (JHS) and Senior High School (SHS). Ensuring
Integrated and Seamless Learning (Spiral Progression) - Subjects
are taught from the simplest concepts to more complicated concepts
through grade levels in spiral progression. As early as elementary,
students gain knowledge in areas such as Biology, Geometry, Earth
Science, Chemistry, and Algebra. This ensures a mastery of
knowledge and skills after each level. Gearing Up for the Future
(Senior High school) - Senior High School is two years of
specialized upper secondary education; students may choose a
specialization based on aptitude, interests, and school capacity.
The choice of career track will define the content of the subjects
a student will take in Grades 11 and 12. SHS subjects fall under
either the Core Curriculum or specific Tracks. Nurturing the
Holistically Developed Filipino (College and Livelihood Readiness,
21st Century Skills) - After going through Kindergarten, the
enhanced Elementary and Junior High curriculum, and a specialized
Senior High program, every K to 12 graduate will be ready to go
into different paths may it be further education, employment, or
entrepreneurship.
Chapter II: Related LiteratureImproving K-12 Education in the
PhilippinesIn 2011, the Republic of the Philippines began a major
overhaul of the K-12 education in the Philippines. Prior to 2011,
education in the Philippines had not been compulsory and had only
been offered for ten years as compared to thetwelve for most other
developed countries.TheDepartment of Educationin the Philippines
began to implement the new K-12 system of education, requiring that
all children attend school and including a new academic curriculum.
This implementation will be phased over several years as Filipino
children begin attending school on a mandatory basis.The phasing of
the new educational program beganwith the implementation of a
universal kindergarten and the enactment of the new basic law of
education. The next step was to phase in first through fourth grade
and then seventh through tenth grade and to begin modeling the
Senior High School.The final phase of the new K-12 education in the
Philippines is to completely implement the Senior High School
grades eleven and twelve.One of the primary improvements in K-12
education in the Philippines is the new academic curriculum.The
curriculum focuses on various areas depending upon the academic
year:Kindergarten pupils must learn numbers, alphabet, colors, and
shapes.Learning takes place through dances, games, and songs, but
is in the childs mother tongue so that after the First grade each
child can read in their mother tongue. First grade Filipino and
English are taught, with an emphases on oral fluency Fourth grade
Filipino and English are taught, but as instruction
languages*Grades 7 10 Biology, Chemistry, and Physics will be
taught, as well as Math* Grades 11 12 Core curriculum will be
taught, along with a Specific Track chosen by the student.Core
curriculum learning areas Languages Communication Literature Math
Natural Sciences Philosophy Social SciencesThe Specific Tracks
are:Academic which has three strands:*Business, management, and
accountancy*Education, humanities, and social sciences*Technology,
engineering, science, and matho Sports and Arts provides education
on the fields of arts and sportso Technical-vocational-livelihood
specializes in vocational studies and learning. The student can
earn a NationalCertificate Level II if they pass a competency-based
assessment in the technical education and skills development
Authority. This certificate proves the student is employable in
fields such as electronics, agriculture, and trade.Enrollment
figures in primary and secondary schools are up and students are
showing an improvement in test scores. The new K-12 education in
the Philippines seems to be working, but there is still much to be
done before it can be deemed a success.
A Primer on the New K-12 Education CurriculumA major change in
our countrys educational landscape is about to take place: the
Department of Education (DepEd) is launching theK-12 curriculumthis
coming June.According to President Benigno S. Aquino, We need to
add two years to our basic education. Those who can afford pay up
to fourteen years of schooling before university. Thus, their
children are getting into the best universities and the best jobs
after graduation. I want at least 12 years for our public school
children to give them an even chance at succeeding. In line with
this, the 1987 Philippine Constitution states that, The State shall
establish, maintain, and support a complete, adequate, and
integrated system of education relevant to the needs of the people
and the society. Such mandate gives justice to the basic rights of
every Filipino child: the right to quality education and the right
to a quality life.What is K-12?According to the K to 12 Deped
Primer (2011), K-12 means Kindergarten and the 12 years of
elementary and secondary education. Kindergarten points to the
5-year old child who undertakes the standardized curriculum for
preschoolers. Elementary education refers to 6 years of primary
school (Grades 1-6) while secondary education means four years of
junior high school (Grades 7-10 or HS Year 1-4). In addition to
this, two years are now allotted for senior high school (Grades
11-12 or HS Year 5-6).Prof. Lorina Calingasanof the College of
Education in UP Diliman explains that K-12 means extending basic
education by two years, so instead of having a high school graduate
at 16 (years old), we will have high-schoolers graduating at
18.
The DepEd discussion paper (2010) on the enhanced K-12 basic
education program explains that this new setup seeks to provide a
quality 12-year basic education program that each Filipino is
entitled to (p.5). Furthermore, the purpose is not simply to add 2
more years of education but more importantly to enhance the basic
education curriculum (p.5).
What is the rationale for this program?There is an urgent need
to enhance the quality of basic education in our country as seen in
the education outcomes of Filipino students and the comparative
disadvantage of the Philippines with regard to other countries. The
following data would support this explanation:At present, the
Philippines is the only country in Asia and among the three
remaining countries in the world that uses a 10-year basic
education cycle. According to a presentation made by the South East
Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO-INNOTECH) on
Additional Years in Philippine Basic Education (2010), the
comparative data on duration of Basic and Pre-University Education
in Asia shows that the Philippines allots 10 years not just for the
basic education cycle but also for the pre-university education
while all the other countries have either 11 or 12 years in their
basic education cycle. Achievement scores highlight our students
poor performance in national examinations. The National Achievement
Test (NAT) results for grade 6 in SY 2009-2010 showed only a 69.21%
passing rate while the NAT results for high school is at a low
46.38%. Moreover, international tests results in 2003 Trends in
International Mathematics and Science study (TIMSS) show that the
Philippines ranked 34th out of 38 countries in HS Math and 43rd out
of 46 countries in HS II Science. Moreover, the Philippines ranked
the lowest in 2008 even with only the science high schools joining
the Advanced Mathematics category.The present curriculum is
described as congested. This means that students do not get enough
time to perform tasks because the curriculum is designed to be
taught in a span of 12 years and not 10 years. The more obvious
result of this is the fact that most high school students graduate
without the readiness to take upon higher education or employment.
These students are not equipped with the basic skills or
competencies needed at work. Furthermore, the short duration of our
basic education program puts Filipinos who are interested to either
work or study abroad at a disadvantage. This is because other
countries see our 10-year program as incomplete, which then, causes
Filipino graduates to not be considered as professionals
abroad.Given all these supporting facts, there is indeed a need to
improve the quality of basic education by enhancing it and by
expanding the basic education cycle.
What is the vision of this program?Records will show that as
early as 1925, there were already efforts to improve the basic
education curriculum and recommendations have been put forward
since then. Thus, this idea of adding years to the present
curriculum is not new.
The K-12 Curriculum envisions holistically developed learners
with 21st century skills (Deped Primer, 2011). At the core of this
basic education program is the complete human development of every
graduate (DepEd discussion paper, p.6). This further means that
every student would have an understanding of the world around him
and a passion for life-long learning while addressing every
students basic learning needs: learning to learn, the acquisition
of numeracy, literacy, and scientific and technological knowledge
as applied to daily life (p.6). In addition to this, every graduate
is envisioned to have respect for human rights and would aim to
become Maka-Diyos, Maka-tao, Makabansa, Maka-kalikasan (p.6)The
K-12 vision aims to have relevance in the socio-economic realm, as
well. This means that the students would understand their role as
productive members of the country. Such vision can only be possible
through an enhanced curriculum.
What is the K-12 curriculum all about?According to the DepEd
discussion paper (2010), the K-12 curriculum aims to enable every
child to achieve mastery of core competencies and skills (p.6) and
develop tracks based on the students interests and competencies.
The focus of K-12 is twofold: curriculum enhancement and transition
management.
Curriculum enhancementWith the K-6-4-2 model, the 2 years for
senior high school is aimed at giving the students time to
strengthen competencies and academic skills. The curriculum will
also provide specializations in the following: science and
technology, music and arts, agriculture and fisheries, sports,
business and entrepreneurship, etc, depending on the occupation or
career that they intend to pursue. These two years will build on
skills that are essential to their chosen field.
Transition managementThe DepEd mentions in their discussion
paper (2010) that they are preparing a carefully sequenced
implementation plan to ensure smooth transition with the least
disruption in the current program.
Philippines Creates Opportunities in the Overhaul of the K-12
Education SystemThe Philippines is undergoing a major overhaul to
bring it in line with education systems worldwide, starting with
the K-12 sector. This change to domestic education policy has
far-reaching consequences and is important for international
educational institutions to consider when looking for potential new
student recruitment markets.With the new 12-year curriculum in
place, future Filipino students will be ready and better equipped
to join overseas universities at the undergraduate level. And with
a K-12 student population of 20.67 million, which will only
increase over the next 20 years (seeICEF Monitorsarticle New 2035
enrolment forecasts place East Asia and the Pacific in the lead),
the Philippines is shaping up to be an attractive recruitment
destination.
Changes to basic educationTheK-12 Basic Education Programaims to
provide every Filipino child with the education s/he needs to
compete in a global context. In May, President Benigno Aquino of
the Philippines signed into law a basic education curriculum that
will see a mandatory kindergarten year and two additional senior
high school years added to what was a 10-year education curriculum
to make basic education 12 years. The programme has been adopted
not only in schools in the Philippines, but also in Filipino
schools abroad that follow the departments curriculum. The goal of
the new curriculum is to give Filipino students enough time to
master skills and concepts so that they are ready for tertiary
education when the time comes. Kindergarten was previously
optional, and advocates of the K-12 programme argue that students
who went to kindergarten are better prepared for primary education
than those who did not. In addition, the K-12 programme provides
for the use of the mother tonguelanguage as the medium of
instruction for students in the basic and lower years to facilitate
and expedite learning. This fabulousinteractive map of all public
schoolsin the country could be a useful tool in planning a
recruitment strategy. It contains data on the schools budget,
enrolment statistics, education indicators, number of teaching
personnel, furniture, textbooks, classrooms, plus the water and
power supply of some 45,000 schools nationwide.
10 Point Education AgendaThe move to the K-12 policy comes as
part of the10 Point Education Agendawhich was set out by the
current government administration. The K-12 Basic Education
Program, universal kindergarten and instruction in mother-tongue
languages are but three of the ten points Aquinos administration
want to implement in order to improve the overall quality of
education in Filipino schools.The other seven points include:
Establish the Madaris Education as a sub-system in the current
education system; Make every child a reader by Grade 1; Improve
science and mathematics; Expand government assistance to private
education; Better textbooks; Build more schools in cooperation with
local government units (LGUs); Re-introduce technical and
vocational education in public high schools.Australia extends a
helping handAustralia has long been a friend to the Philippines
donating time, funding and other resources, as well as working with
the nation to develop and ensure quality. Last month, the country
grantedPHP 8.4 billion(nearly US $193 million) to address basic
education issues and support the implementation of the K-12
programme.They have also funded a projectto enhance the skills of
school officials in managing school processes and turn schools into
learner-centred institutions that continually improve and build on
its best practices.In return, Australia is surely hoping Filipino
schools and students will select Oz as their destination of choice
for partnerships and study.AsICEF Monitorreported in February, the
Philippines is one of the top ten student markets for Australian
schools, colleges and universities.
Building classrooms and adding teachersAs mentioned, one of the
ten points on the Education Agenda aims to address severe
overcrowding in Philippine schools and the shortage of
classrooms.In October of last year, the Department of Education
signed an agreement with two winning consortia which will undertake
theconstruction of close to 10,000 classrooms.The departments
Public Private Partnership for School Infrastructure Project (PSIP)
will give schools the physical space they need and provides the
private sector the business opportunity to invest in the design,
construction and maintenance of classrooms.Philippine Education
Secretary Armin A. Luistro has said he hopes that by doing so, the
classrooms would stand as a testament to Filipino capability and
efficiency. Progress is well underway; construction of more
than9,000 classroomsbegan in March of this year. An increase in
student enrolment which caused the shortage of teachers was due to
an increase in kindergarten students a result of the new K-12
curriculum, as well as students who were formerly enrolled in
private school transferring to public school because of tuition fee
hikes.Student enrolment in 2012/3 stood at20.67 million: 1.77
million kindergarten students, 13.26 million elementary students,
and 5.64 million high school students.
Thousands of Professors Expected to Lose Jobs with K-12
ImplementationMore than 85,000 faculty members may lose their jobs
starting 2016 when the mandatory implementation of two more years
of high school commences the group Council of Teachers and Staff of
Colleges and Universities projected.
Ang sinasabi nga namin, wala talagang mag-eenroll sa first year
college (in 2016), dahil 'yung fourth year (high school)
mag-e-enroll na sila sa Grade 11. Pagdating ng 2017-2018, wala ring
enrollment sa first year (college) at wala ring enrollment sa
second year, said Professor Rene Tadle, internal vice president of
the University of Santo Tomas (UST) Faculty Union in a forum aired
on GMA News TV's State of the Nation Thursday.Under the enhanced
basic education program of the Department of Educationcalled K to
12 or Kindergarten plus Grades 1-12a student will be required to
undergo kindergarten, six years of elementary, four years of junior
high school and two years of senior high school.
The implementation of universal kindergarten began in school
year 2011-2012, followed by a new curriculum for Grade 7 in school
year 2012-2013.
School year 2016-2017 will mark the nationwide implementation of
the Grade 11 curriculum, to be followed by the Grade 12 curriculum
in school year 2017-2018.
Tadle said that based on their estimates, universities and
colleges will lose 500,000 freshman college enrollees and more than
300,000 sophomore college enrollees once the implementation of the
senior high school program starts in 2016.
Flordeliza Abanto, a full-time professor at St. Scholastica's
College in Manila, said that as early as now, the school has
already announced a mandatory early separation program for its
professors in anticipation of the marked decline in enrollment in
2016.
Ako po ay nasa professional course. Majors po 'yung tinuturuan
namin, hindi ho general education. Eh, pati po kami ay
mare-retrench. Walang maiiwan na full-time faculty teacher sa isang
kolehiyong ito. Kami pong lahat matatanggal, Abanto said.
Another member of the group, Dr. David Michael San Juan of De La
Salle University (DLSU), said they may challenge the implementing
rules and regulations (IRR) as well as the law institutionalizing
the K-12 program before the Supreme Court.
Tingnan natin 'yung possibility na 'pag lumabas 'yung
implementing rules at 'yung text ng buong batas ay mag-file na tayo
ng kaso sa Korte Suprema, San Juan said.
Republic Act 10533, which institutionalizes the K-12 program,
was enacted on May 15, 2013.
GMA News was still trying to reach SSC, UST and DLSU for comment
as of posting time.Meanwhile, Department of Labor and Employment
(DOLE) Labor Relations Officer Benjo Benavidez, a lawyer, said no
company is allowed to lay off employees in lieu of anticipatory
loss as it would be in violation of Article 283 of the Labor
Code.
Nag-set po ang Supreme Court of the Philippines na kung ang loss
ay isang haka-haka lamang o pangmatagalan pa, ito po ay hindi
puwedeng gawing rason para po magtanggal ng isang empleyado,
Benavidez said.
He encouraged employees of colleges and univesities who would be
laid off because of the K-12 implementation to report their cases
to DOLE.
Benavidez also said that DOLE will soon release guidelines to
colleges and universities regarding the implementation of the K-12
program.Retrenchment is just an optionBut according to the Catholic
Educational Association of the Philippines legal counsel Ada Abad,
implementation of the K-12 program will not automatically mean
faculty members will be laid off.
Abad told a summit on K-12 in 2013 that member schools with
elementary and high school levels can tap qualified college and
university professors to teach general education subjects in Grades
11 and 12.
Instructors who are not qualified or do not want to teach in
Grades 11 and 12 may also be given the option to do research or
administrative work for the two years that there will be no first
year and second year enrollees.
They may also go on a sabbatical or leave for two years or go on
temporary "floating" status.
Abad said retrenchment, redundancy, or early retirement are also
options. She said, however, that these options will likely be more
expensive for the schools and will have to be done according to
labor laws.
K-12 Boon or Bane?Plato once said: The state is essentially an
educational community. It is created by education and can survive
only on condition that all its citizens receive an education that
will enable them to make rational political decisions.We may appear
to be a society divided on so many issues but we have remained
united in the belief that investing in the education of our
children shall lead to the success of our nation. Unfortunately,
notwithstanding such commitment, our education system remains
deceased and plagued with the same ills that have been ravaging it
for generations: lack of teachers, classrooms, books, defective
facilities, inefficient instruction, etc. Now comes the governments
K to 12 Program. Is it boon or bane?The K to 12 Program which
covers Kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of
primary education, four years of Junior High School, and two years
of Senior High School) aims to prepare graduates for tertiary
education, middle-level skills development, employment, and
entrepreneurship. Ironically, colleges and universities began
dismissing even tenured employees in anticipation of the impact of
the governments K to 12 Program in 2016 when the supposedly fourth
year high school students by then could not yet enter college
because they have to take additional 2 years of Senior High School.
An estimated 30,000 teachers could be at risk of losing their jobs
by 2016.At the House hearing held a few weeks ago, Commission on
Higher Education (CHED) officials discussed the proposed
P29-billion stabilization fund over five years. P10 billion is
earmarked for higher education institutions, P17 billion for
displaced teachers and P2 billion for the non-teaching personnel to
be affected. School officials actually take this fund as just a
palliative measure. The question is where will the P29 billion come
from?Pasig Rep. Roman Romulo, who is the chairperson of the House
Higher Education committee asked CHED and labor officials to iron
out the details concerning the use of the funds. He also urged them
to formulate and finalize the plans related to the K to 12 Program
to address the growing pains of the transition period. By the way,
where are the Implementing Rules and Regulations of this
program?The government shifted to the K to 12 Program to be at par
with the world because the Philippines used to be 1 of only 3
countries worldwide left with a 10-year basic education program. Of
course, we need to elevate our status to be at par with the rest of
world. But it seems that we are doing everything in great haste,
hence, the lack of foresight resulting in various problems bound to
affect the efficient implementation of the K to 12 Program.First of
all, we should have started with pilot schools. Second, we should
have analyzed the problem first. With the old 10-year basic
education program we already had an edge in the world market. Many
Filipinos who graduated with the 10-year basic education program
and who received college degrees equally qualified with their
counterparts from different countries who underwent the 12-year
program. Our engineers, our nurses, our teachers, our IT graduates
are in demand. Sure our educational system maybe deteriorating but
why change the whole system abruptly?Right now, DepEd seems
ovewhelmed with all the concerns in public education not to mention
the number one problem classrooms. It has difficulty focusing on
the planning of the K-12 program. Dont forget, when this new
program was introduced a few years back, the government boldly
declared that all input shortages will be wiped out before the end
of 2013. A 1:1 ratio for student-to-textbook and student-to-seat
will be achieved within SY 2012-2013. Shortages in classrooms,
teachers, and toilets will be fully addressed. Was this done? Looks
like a long shot to me!Public schools now have to master the art of
shifting schedules, with children of tender age having to go to
school at 5 oclock in the morning. Some schools are trying a
shortened school-week because of lack of classrooms and facilities.
With 2 additional years of basic education under a system that
could not cope with a simple roadmap in terms of solving the
backlog of classrooms, facilities, instructional materials, teacher
training, etcetera, the government seems to have added 2 layers of
inefficiency to its perceived inefficient basic education
program.It has also been argued that the K to 12 Program is a
standard for recognition of Filipino students intending to do
further studies or work in European countries who are members of
the Bologna Accord and in the United States under the Washington
Accord.The Washington Accord prescribes 12-years basic education as
an entry to recognition of engineering professionals while the
Bologna Accord requires 12 years of education for university
admission and practice of profession in European countries.Out of
the 553,706 students who graduated this year, how many will
actually do further studies or work in Europe or America? Why
should we drag our whole population into this mess right now? As it
is, the Philippines is one of those countries holding provisional
status in the Washington Accord. As such, we are still in the
process of qualification accreditation or recognition. Eventually,
we can reach that goal of achieving signatory status. But this
cannot be done right away.Shifting to a 12-year program is very
expensive and may be detrimental to our economy and national
growth. We should take it slow because we really do not have the
capacity nor the means to implement such a program in the entire
archipelago. Sure it sounds good and very ideal. The question is,
are we implementing this new program correctly?The dangerous effect
this program has caused within a 2-year period is that schools have
interpreted it in different ways. They have come up with their own
solutions actually contradicting the goal of the government. For
instance, there are schools that have created acceleration programs
allowing a Grade 6 student to jump to Grade 9, thus skipping 2
years of middle school. And mind you these are big private schools
in the metro. They have used the Philippine Educational Placement
Test (PEPT) as a tool to bypass Grades 7 and 8. Is this part of the
K to 12 advocacy?Why has DepEd allowed such a jump when they are
increasing the number of years? Is this actually valid? The PEPT is
intended to determine the grade or level placement of out-of-school
children and youth and open the door for them to go back to formal
schooling. Thus, a 16-year old who had to drop out in grade 2 due
to say poverty, shall have the option to skip the grade or year
levels he would normally be required to complete for as long as he
can prove that his competency is equivalent to students of his age.
Without going back to grade 2, he can be admitted to high school or
even college. Yet, if DepEd will allow the PEPT result to take the
place of grades 7 or 8, will this not run counter to the intent of
the K to 12 Program? Or must DepEd allow this transitory shortcut
because it is not really prepared to immediately implement the K to
12 Program? Boon or bane?
Why Educators, Businessmen want K-12MANILA - Business leaders
have sealed an alliance with educators to fight possible moves to
delay the shift to K-12 schooling. Senator Antonio Trillanes IV
earlier called for the suspension of the K-12 program, saying the
government and schools aren't ready and provisions hadn't been made
for tens of thousands of college teachers who will lose their jobs.
Ayala Corp. Chairman Jaime Augusto Zobel de Ayala said, while there
are challenges, the country can no longer delay the shift. "K-12 is
absolutely necessary. Problems are there to be solved but we have
to align ourselves to the global standard. The standards are set,
we are the only ones that are off," he said."This is vital to
turning the country around and making it relevant to the future,"
he added. K-12 will keep students in high school for 2 more years,
meaning for 2 years there will be no students entering college.
State colleges and universities have the budget for their teachers
who may do research or other work. More than 80,000 private college
teachers may be affected. While up to 40,000 may be able to find
other work, especially teaching in the new senior high school
levels, up to 35,000 could lose their jobs. The National Industry
Academe Council is led by business leaders like Zobel and Ramon del
Rosario, and educators like Ateneo President Jett Villarin and UP's
Alfredo Pascual. -with ANC
INFOGRAPHIC: 10 things about K to 12MANILA, Philippines Last May
15, President Benigno Aquino III signed the Enhanced Basic
Education Act of 2013 into law.As classes start on June 3 for
public schools and June 10 for private, here are 10 things you need
to know about the K to 12 program. The Philippines is the last
country in Asia, and one of only 3 countries (Angola and Djibouti)
worldwide, with a 10-year pre-university cycle.The implementation
of theUniversal Kindergartenbegan in SY 20112012. The enhanced
curriculum for Grade 1 and Grade 7(1st Year Junior High School) was
rolled out in SY 20122013, andwill be progressively introduced in
the other grade levels in succeeding school years. Grade 11will be
introduced in SY 20162017 andGrade 12in SY 20172018. The rst batch
of high school students to go through K to 12 will graduate in
March 2018. Kindergarten to Grade 12 is offered for free in public
schools. There are additional indirect costs, but government
agencies are collaborating to provide programs that will enable
everyone access to quality education, especially those with lesser
means. DepEd is also developing other cost-sharing arrangements
(ex. Expansion of Education Service Contracting).K to 12 graduates
will beready to be employed in various industries. Education
Secretary Armin Luistro earlier said that "the K to 12 program
would like to ensure that even if they don't choose to go to
college, they finish studying what is basic."As per Republic Act
no. 10157 or theKindergarten Education Act, Kindergarten has become
part of the education system and a pre-requisite for admission to
Grade 1. Public schools will continue to admit children who have
not taken Kindergarten into Grade 1 until SY 2013-2014.Senior high
school students can choose from 3 tracks:Academic, Sports and Arts,
and Technical-Vocational-Livelihood.After Grade 10, a student can
obtain Certicates of Competency (COC) or a National Certicate Level
I (NC I).After finishing a Technical Vocational-Livelihood in Grade
12, a student may obtain a National Certicate Level II (NC II),
provided he/she passes the competency-based assessment of the
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA).NC I
and NC II improves employability of graduates in elds like
Agriculture, Electronics, and Trade.InKinder,mother tongue, or the
common language in the area or lingua franca, shall be used as the
medium of instruction.InGrades 1-3, the mother tongue will be used
in teaching all subjects, except in teaching Filipino and English
subjects.StartingGrade 4, Filipino and English will become the
languages for instruction.Starting SY 2016-2017, DepEd shall engage
in partnerships with colleges, universities, and
Technical-Vocational Institutions (TVI) to use their existing
facilities and teaching staff to ensure that reduction in
enrollment in these colleges and universities will be offset during
the transition period.Private schools are to adhere to the minimum
standards of the K to 12 curriculum. They should also follow the K
to 12 progression, even if they choose not to offer grades 11-12
(e.g. private junior high schools can remain as such but their
students will have to transfer for senior high school).A Joint
Oversight Committee from the Senate and the House of
Representatives shall be formed to oversee, monitor, and evaluate
implementation.
House Body Urged to Probe K-12 ProgramMANILA - Paraaque 1st
District Representative Eric Olivarez is seeking a congressional
inquiry into the Department of Education's (DepEd) implementation
of the K-12 program.In a statement on Saturday, Olivarez said the
K-12 program needs sufficient preparation before it is implemented
in 2016.Olivarez, author of House Resolution 1472, said the
additional two years in high school -- four years of junior high
school and two years of senior high school -- will take away the
new enrollees for college freshmen.This, he said, may cause schools
to terminate the teachers for freshmen."The program would create a
shortage of teachers for kindergarten and senior high school since
seniors will move to Grade 11 in 2016 and later to Grade 12," he
added."There is a scarcity of available qualified teachers for
basic education necessary for the implementation of K-12 due to a
few holders of Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET)," he
said.He said the K-12 program also requires additional classrooms
in schools nationwide. Olivarez said there is a need to study the
impact of K-12 enable government to address the problems of lack of
teachers and classrooms, school materials, training and licensure
of teachers, low salary of teachers, and availability of jobs for
the teachers who will be affected by the program.The DepEd, for its
part, has said the 12-year basic education curriculum aims to
uplift the quality of education in the country in order for
graduates to be easily employed.
Colleges, universities buck proposal to defer K-12MANILA,
Philippines - Public and private colleges and universities rejected
yesterday the proposal of Sen. Antonio Trillanes IV to defer
implementation of the K to 12 program.That is not legally possible
unless Congress passes a new law or asks the court (Supreme Court)
to declare it as unconstitutional, said Joseph Noel Estrada, legal
counsel of the Coordinating Council of Private Education
Associations in the Philippines.Doris Ferrer of the Catholic
Education Association of the Philippines (CEAP) said Trillanes
proposal is counter-productive, adding the countrys higher
education institutions have prepared for the full implementation of
the K to 12 Law in 2016.Most of our members are not in favor of the
deferment, she said.Republic Act 10533, or the K to 12 Basic
Education Program Law, adds two years to the four-year high school
curriculum.The additional years will serve as a specialization
period for senior high school students (Grades 11 and 12) whether
in vocational skills, music, arts or sports.Ferrer said CEAP
member-schools have started planning their new buildings and
developing their curriculum for the new senior high school
program.Jose Paulo Campos, president of the Philippine Association
of Private Schools, Colleges and Universities, said he does not see
any reason why the government should suspend the implementation of
the program.He said the delay in the implementation of the K to 12
program would only make the Philippines less competitive than other
countries in Southeast Asia.Ferrer said the implementation of the
law would not result in the displacement of teachers. The country
needs more teachers to teach in senior high school, she
said.Trillanes criticized the governments unpreparedness for the
looming retrenchment of around 85,000 college professors and
employees once the program is implemented in 2016.
Chapter III: MethodologyResearch DesignThe researchers used
descriptive method as their research design. Descriptive method is
concerned with describing the characteristics of the population as
well as finding out the different relationships within said
population. We think that by this type if research, we will be able
to dig deeper into a students mind concerning DepEds K-12
Program.The SubjectsFollowing the title, our respondents are
students from grades 7 to 8, from three different sections, ranging
from 11 to 15 years old. We picked over 30 students to conduct the
survey to, wondering what they thought about Dep-Eds K-12 Program.
We are thankful that they showed much enthusiasm in answering the
questionnaire.Data Gathering techniqueIn our survey, we used a
questionnaire. A questionnaire is a means of eliciting the
feelings, beliefs, experiences, perceptions, or attitudes of some
sample of individuals. As a data collecting instrument, it could be
structured or unstructured. The questionnaire is most frequently a
very brief, preplanned set of questions designed to capitulate
specific information to convene a particular need for research
information about a pertinent topic. The research information is
attained from respondents normally from a related interest area. In
a nutshell, we strongly believe that the method that we used which
is the questionnaire method, made our research more practical, time
bound, and convenient.Data Gathering ProcedureThe data for this
research were collected using a survey questionnaire. The survey
was created by the researchers, composed of seven questions. After
revising and finding the questionnaire valid and reliable, the
researchers then sought the approval of the Principal of Diliman
Preparatory School to allow them to conduct the survey. After the
approval, the investigators administered the questionnaires to the
students affected by DepEds K-12 Program in Diliman Preparatory
School. The questionnaires were distributed in the first week of
March 2015 and 100 percent of the respondents returned the
questionnaires.Statistical TreatmentP = (f/n) x 100WhereP = total
percentage of responses of the studentsf = number of responses or
frequencyn = total number of students who took the survey X = most
common occurring response
Chapter IV: Presentation, Interpretation, and Analysis of
DataThis chapter present the results of the survey conducted about
the perspective of students on K-12 Program. Specifically, this
chapter presents the finding of the problem raised in Chapter I.1.
Are the respondents aware of the K-12 Program?
Table 4.1
Based on the results, the researchers found out that 100% of the
respondents are aware of the K-12 Program.
1.2. Out of the six main features of the K-12 program, which one
did the respondents find most helpful?
Table 4.2
Based on the results, the researchers found out that 67% of the
students think that Gearing up for the future or Senior Highschool
is the most helpful feature. 23% of the students also think that
Strengthening Early Childhood Education is the most helpful
feature. 10% of the students think Building Proficiency through
Language is the most helpful feature of the K-12 Program. On the
other hand, 0% of respondents think that Making Curriculum Relevant
to Learners, Ensuring Integrated and Seamless Learning, and
Nurturing the Holistically developed Filipino is the most helpful
feature of the K-12 Program.
2. Do the Respondents think that DepEds K-12 Program will give
them sufficient knowledge and preparation for work and college?
Table 4.3
Based on the results given on the graph, 93% of the students
think that the K-12 program will give students sufficient knowledge
and preparation for work and college. On the other hand, 7% of the
students dont think that K-12 Program will give students sufficient
knowledge and preparation for work and college.
3. Do the respondents think that the K-12 program will be able
to perk their interest in studying?
Table 4.4
As shown by the graph, 50% of the respondents think that the
K-12 Program will make students more interested in studying. While
the same percentage of students think the opposite.
4. Do the respondents think the K-12 program will help them as a
student and as an individual in the long run?
Chart 4.5
The graph stated that 90% of the students think that the K-12
Program will help them as a student and as an individual near
future. While 10% of the students think that the K-12 Program wont
help them in the long run.
5. Do the respondents think the K-12 Program is generally
helpful?
Chart 4.6
Based on the results given by the graph, 70% of the students
think that the K-12 Program is generally helpful. While the other
30% of the students think that it wont help them at all.
5.2. The respondents who answered no were asked a follow-up
question: Why do they think that K-12 is not helpful?
Chart 4.7
The survey conducted had the following results: 56% of the
students think that the K-12 Program will only take too much of
their time. While 22% of the students think that the K-12 Program
will just serve as a burden. On the other hand, 11% of the students
think that it will only make their academic subjects harder to
study. While the remaining 11% stated various reasons as to why
K-12 isnt helpful.
Chapter V: Conclusion and RecommendationsConclusionThe
researchers conducted this study to have a more in depth perception
of what the students think about the K-12 Program. But what is the
K-12 program? The K-12 Program is currently being implemented by
the Department of Education to enhance the education system of the
country. It aims to help students to be better prepared for their
future endeavors in their studies and as an individual. Most of the
people in the Philippines are already aware of the K-12 Program
being implemented nationwide 100% of our respondents answered Yes
when asked if they know about the K-12 program. Although some do
not know why but a good portion of the population do. When asked
about the feature of K-12 they think is most beneficial 67% said
that Gearing Up for the Future (Senior High School) is the most
beneficial while 23% said that Strengthening Early Childhood
Education is most helpful. 10% said that Building Proficiency
through Language is most helpful while the remaining programs all
received 0% of the respondents graces. It is quite refreshing that
students have a vague idea as to what K-12 is. A good amount of the
respondents 93% - said that K-12 will help them in preparation for
work and college but when asked if the program will make their
interest in studying increase exactly half of the respondents
disagreed. That is not much of a problem seeing as they are still
willing to study for the sake of the bright future and when asked
if the K-12 Program will help them as a student and as an
individual in the long run, 90% said yes. Still, we had them answer
another question In general, do you think the K-12 Program is
helpful? The researches heaved a huge sigh of relief when 70% said
that, yes; the K-12 program is helpful. The researchers heaved a
huge sigh of relief when we tallied the responses. Though we were
dismayed when 30% said that no, it is not helpful. And when asked
why, more than half said that the extra subjects would take too
much of their time, 22% then said that the extra years would only
serve as a burden while one respondent 3% of the respondents -
ticked the Others checkbox and deliberately said that the Program
is simply useless.It is quite clear that Students are well aware of
the K-12 Program even though a good amount of them do not know why.
But years will pass and students will grow and mature, by that time
they will find out the reasons why the K-12 Program is being
implemented and maybe they will understand that it may be good for
them to be under the said program. As we can see, most of the
respondents said that the program is helpful and while some said
that it is not, we find that okay. This is a study about the
Perspective of a Student on DepEds K-12 Program so any answer is
well accepted.
RecommendationsWe think its clear how almost everyone in the
country is aware of the K-12 program, even the students who are at
their young adolescent ages have heard or have a vague idea of what
K-12 is. Although they are aware of the program, most of them still
do not understand why it is being implemented. That is the main
problem we have. If people were to understand better the advantages
of the K-12 program, they would be able to see the program in a
better light. Instead of seeing it as a disadvantage The extra
subjects will only take too much of my time. Most of them say. The
two extra years will only be a burden. A better half of them
answered. It is quite obvious that they have no plans on accepting
the K-12 program with open arms but if the Department of Education
were to give a more in-depth insight on why the program is being
implemented then maybe the people who will be affected with the
drastic change will be more open to the idea of the new subjects
and the extra years of education. We conducted this research to
find out what the students think about this new curriculum and even
though a good amount of them find it beneficial for their studies
and their future, some still find it not helpful at all. Yes, the
K-12 Program has its disadvantages too but we all know it is being
implemented for the betterment of our students and that will
reflect on the country too. We recommend the Department of
education to help the people, starting from the adults parents,
teachers, administrators, anyone to understand the program more.
After doing that, they could ask help from these people to then
help the children, the ones who are most affected, the students, to
understand why this will be helpful for them and their future and
hopefully change their perception on the highly intriguing K-12
Program. BibliographyThe articles from Chapter 2: Related
Literature are from the following sources:
http://k12educationsystem.com/improvingk-12-education-in-the-philippines/
http://www.smartparenting.com.ph/kids/preschooler/k-12-101-a-primer-on-the-new-philippine-education-curriculum/page/2
http://monitor.icef.com/2013/08/philippines-creates-opportunities-in-overhaul-of-k-12-education-system/
http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/365460/news/nation/thousands-of-professors-expected-to-lose-jobs-with-k-12-implementation
http://www.philstar.com/opinion/2014/06/30/1340650/k-12-boon-or-bane
http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/business/10/10/14/why-educators-businessmen-want-k-12
http://www.rappler.com/nation/30207-infographic-ten-things-k12
http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/10/04/14/house-body-urged-probe-k-12-program
http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/08/02/14/colleges-universities-buck-proposal-defer-k-12
CURRICULUM VITAEPERSONAL BACKGROUNDPlace of Birth: Quezon
CityGender: FemaleNationality: FilipinoCivil Status:
SingleEDUCATIONAL BACKGROUNDElementary Level:Our Lords Grace
Montessori School and Colleges 07DIliman Preparatory School (Annex)
11High School Level:Diliman Preparatory School (Main)
15AFFILIATION/SBlueview, DPS Chorale, Book Lovers Club, DPS Drum
and LyreQUOTEPitys pretty expensive for someone who cant care.
Anfernee Gillian C. FabreCaroline Street, Pleasant View
Subdivision, Tandang Sora, Quezon CityContact No.: 9274727039Email
Address: [email protected]
CURRICULUM VITAEPERSONAL BACKGROUNDPlace of Birth: Quezon
CityGender: MaleNationality: FilipinoCivil Status:
SingleEDUCATIONAL BACKGROUNDElementary Level:Diliman Preparatory
School 11High School Level:Diliman Preparatory School
15AFFILIATION/SDPS Math SocietyQUOTELife isnt about finding
yourself. Life is about creating yourself.
Renz Charles BernardoBlk 5, Lot 10, Commonwealth Town Homes,
Feria Rd., Diliman, Quezon CityContact no.: 9325363Email Address:
[email protected]
CURRICULUM VITAEPERSONAL BACKGROUNDPlace of Birth: Quezon
CityGender: MaleNationality: FilipinoCivil Status:
SingleEDUCATIONAL BACKGROUNDElementary Level:Sacred Heart of
Novaliches 11High School Level:Diliman Preparatory School
15AFFILIATION/SDPS Math SocietyQUOTELike an arrow, when life pushes
you backward, it means its going to launch you into something
great. So just focus and keep aiming.
John Lloyd M. SawalBlk 170 Lot 16 Talisay St., Neopolitan VI,
North Fairview, Quezon CityContact No.: 9177363366Email Address:
[email protected]
CURRICULUM VITAEPERSONAL BACKGROUNDPlace of Birth: South
KoreaGender: FemaleNationality: KoreanCivil Status:
SingleEDUCATIONAL BACKGROUNDElementary Level:Gajwa Elementary
SchoolGoyan Songsan Middle SchoolHigh School Level:Diliman
Preparatory School 15AFFILIATION/SSocial Science
SocietyQUOTESometimes, someones life can become another persons
scenery.
Sun Young Park (Irene)#10 Don Diosdado, Don Enrique Subdivision,
Quezon CityEmail Address: [email protected]
CURRICULUM VITAEPERSONAL BACKGROUNDPlace of Birth: South
KoreaGender: FemaleNationality: KoreanCivil Status:
SingleEDUCATIONAL BACKGROUNDElementary Level:Busong Elementary
SchoolHigh School Level:Diliman Preparatory School
15AFFILIATION/SSocial Science SocietyQUOTENo pain, No gain.
Ye Hyeon Kim (Amber)Victoria 11, Ciuad Regina, Batasan Hills,
Quezon CityEmail Address: [email protected]
CURRICULUM VITAEPERSONAL BACKGROUNDPlace of Birth: Quezon
CityGender: MaleNationality: FilipinoCivil Status:
SingleEDUCATIONAL BACKGROUNDElementary Level:Claret School of
Quezon City 11High School Level:Diliman Preparatory School
15AFFILIATION/SPeer Facilitators Club, DPS Chorale, Arts
AsylumQUOTEThe best revenge is massive success.
Yuji U. Espejo#5 de Leon St., Isidora Hills, Diliman, Quezon
CityContact no.: 9158425815Email Address: [email protected]
