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MATERIAL HANDLING AND

STORAGE

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Objectives

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Recognize material handling hazards Manual material handling

Industrial trucks

Conveyors

(Cranes will be addressed later)

Become familiar with basic methods of

controlling these hazards

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Introduction

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General Work Practices (cont.)Do not overload equipment Refer to equipment rated capacity

General forklift procedures Center load on forks and close to mast

Do not overload

Do not add extra weight to counterbalance Travel with load at lowest position

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Lumber and Brick Storage

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LumberMaximum stack height 16 feet (manual handling) 20 feet (forklift)

BricksMaximum 7 feet highAbove 4 feet, taper stacks 2 inches per foot

Lumber storage

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Box and Drum Storage

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Boxed materialsHold in place using cross-ties, or

shrink plastic

Box storage

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Box and Drum Storage

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Drums, barrels, kegsStack symmetrically

If stored on side, blockbottom tiers to prevent

rolling

Drum storage

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Manual Lifting

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Manual lifting precautionsAvoid manual lifting when possible

Be in good physical shape

Plan the lifting operation

Get a good grip

Keep the load close to the body

Do not twist or bend sideways

Get help for large or heavy loads

Manual lifting

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Manual Lifting

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Recommendations for specific tasks Grasp opposite corners on boxes, cartons

& sacks

Use mechanical assistance for barrelsand drums

Wear leather gloves when handling sheetmetal

Drum jack

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2-wheeled hand trucks

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Safe hand truck use Tip load forward and slip tongue

underneath

Keep center of gravity low Let the truck carry the load - don't

lean it too far Walk forward - keep load height

low enough to see Secure bulky items to the truck Use specialty equipment DrumsAppliances

Stair-climbing truck

Appliance

truck

Hand truck

Drum truck

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Conveyers

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Conveyer basics HazardsMaterial may fall from conveyor Persons may be caught in the

conveyor Controls Emergency stop button or pull cord

Must be reset after useNever ride on conveyor

Guards over aisles or

work areas

Inclined belt conveyor

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Powered Industrial Trucks (Forklifts)

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Powered Industrial Trucks (Forklifts)

Forklift overturns when

traveling or lifting a load

Trailer moves while being

loaded or unloaded, causingthe forklift to fall

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forklifts

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Classes of forklifts

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Electric Motor Hand Trucks or Hand/Rider Trucks(solid tires)

Internal Combustion Engine Trucks (solid tires)

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Classes of forklifts

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Internal Combustion Engine Trucks (pneumatic tires) Electric and Internal Combustion Engine Tractors (solid

and pneumatic tires)

Rough Terrain Extended-

Reach Forklifts

Tractors

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Load Distance Model

A facility using a process oriented layoutproduces diversified products in variablework flows and handles a relatively largeamount of material. Since transport addsno value to the product, managers seeklayout that minimizes unnecessary flowamong the work centers.

Load distance model minimizes flow byconsidering the number of loads movedand the distance between each pair of thework centers.

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Load Distance Model

In this model we minimize the Cost C asgiven below:

C= Lij Dij Kj =1

Where n = number of work center

L ij = No. of loads moved betweenwork centers I and j

Dij = distance between the work

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Load Distance Model

IniInitial cost is calculated using theabove following formula

And then this is modified to reducecost and process is repeated till thereis no further scope to reduce the cost.

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