Artificial Intelligence And Robotics

Abstract:Greek myths of Hephaestus and Pygmalion incorporate the idea of intelligent robots. Many other myths in antiquity involve human-like artifacts. The word robot was first coined by the playwright karel chapek. A student in physics might reasonably feel that all the good ideas have already taken by Galileo, Newton, Einstein etc., Artificial Intelligence and Robotics still has openings for several full times Einstein’s. Robotics and Automation involves designing and implementing intelligent machines which can do work too dirty, too dangerous, too precise or too tedious for humans. It also pushes the boundary on the level of intelligence and capability for many forms of autonomous, semi-autonomous and teleoperated machines. Intelligent machines have applications in medicine, defense, space and underwater exploration, service industries, disaster relief, manufacturing and assembly and entertainment. This paper discussesthe features of Artificial Intelligence and advancements in robotics also predicting the near future in robotics and automation along with

some low cost automation and energy saving in agticulture.

1.0 Introduction:

Evidence of Artificial Intelligence folklore can be traced back to ancient Egypt, but with the development of the electronic computer in 1941, the technology finally became available to create machine intelligence. The term artificial intelligence was first coined in 1956, at the Dartmouth conference. In the scope of industrialization, automation is a step beyond mechanization. Engineers strive to combine automated devices with mathematical and organizational tools to create complex systems for a rapidly expanding range of applications and human activities. Human-level pattern recognition, language recognition, and language production ability are well beyond the capabilities of modern mechanical and computer systems.

2.0 Robotics and AIHuman-level pattern recognition, language recognition, and language production ability are well beyond the capabilities of modern mechanical and computer systems. Artificial Intelligence is the most important part of Robotics and Automation. The various algorithms of AI are very useful for the functioning of the Robots in Automation in a smart and better way.

A simple Robotic design

3.0 laws of robotics :Asimov proposed three “Laws of Robotics”Law 1: A robot may not injure a human being or through inaction, allow a human being to come to harmLaw 2: A robot must obey orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with a higher order law Law 3: A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with a higher order law

4.0 Types of Robots :The various types of robots are: Industrial, Domestic, Medical, Service, Military, Entertainment, Stationary, Ground, Flying, Swimming, Microgravity, Degree of autonomy. Mobile Robots, Rolling Robots, Walking Robots Autonomous Robots, Remote-control Robots Virtual Robots, BEAM Robots.

5.0 Key components to make robots:1) Power unit conversion: it is required to convert one form of energy into another form.2) Sensors: these are nothing but transducers used to sense various signals and parameters.3) Actuators: used for movement that take automatic actions.

The simple robotic car with different application4) Controller: it controls the entire working of robots.5) User interface: to interface device and users.6) Manipulator linkage.7) Base: provides a platform to assemble all the above components

6.0 Robotics And Automation :The robotics and automation plays a very important role in various fields and application in today’s world.

This is a robo arm used for automation in industries.

7.0 Nano Robotics:Nanorobotics is the technology of creating machines or robots at or close to the scale of a nanometre (10-9 metres). Imagine going to the doctor to get treatment for a persistent fever.

Instead of giving you a pill or a shot, the doctor refers you to a special medical team which implants a tiny robot into your bloodstream. The robot detects the cause of your fever, travels to the appropriate system and provides a dose of medication directly to the infected area.

The robot illustration that swims into arteries and veinsSurprisingly, we're not that far off from seeing devices like this actually used in medical procedures. They're called nanorobots and engineering teams around the world are working to design robots that will eventually be used to treat everything from hemophilia to cancer. As you can imagine, the challenges facing engineers are daunting. A viable nanorobot has to be small and agile enough to navigate through the human circulatory system, an incredibly complex network of veins and arteries. The robot must also have the capacity to carry medication or miniature tools. Assuming the nanorobot isn't meant to stay in the patient forever, it also has to be able to make its way out of the host.

8.0 Low cost automation in Agriculture1) Irri tape: Irri-Tape iridescent foil combines holography, wind and light to irritate pest birds' senses and create an "off limits" zone against them. Irri-Tape iridescent foil combines holography, wind and light to irritate pest birds' senses and create an "off limits" zone against them. I'ts a Visual Deterrent Irri-Tape "flashes" as it moves with the wind. Reflecting sunlight, or any light, it produces constantly changing colors and patterns. This brilliant, flashing "ripple effect" is picked up by the birds as an unsettling danger signal. Whether seen as a predator (from a distance Irri-Tape has a reptilian sheen) or a rival for food or space, birds will not ignore this potential menace.Irri-Tape's properties keep unwanted birds away in several ways. Hostile Sound Environment Pest birds are "rattled" by the fierce metallic noise the material gives off when caught by the slightest breeze.2) Autonomous robot in agriculture :

The autonomous robot in farmingIn autonomous robotic agriculture we can use the latest technologies like GIS and GPS systems. Along with these technologies various sensors are

beneficial for low cost autonomous agriculture. For example, use of piezo electric sensors to generate electricity.

9.0 Robotics in exploration:The autonomous robots in various forms can be used for the purpose of exploration beyond the human limits.

Exploration under waterThese autonomous robots can be in various forms like insects, humanoid, autonomous robotic vehicle, etc. Robots can be used in environmental hazards.

The autonomous robot fly.The robots along with automation in today’s life are a great beneficial for industries and researches. The autonomous satellite helps to explore various planets in the system. These robots can perform an extraordinary task beyond the human limit.

NASA’s Mars Exploration Rovers

10.0 Conclusion:Thus we conclude that in the near future there will be a great success in advancements in robotics and automation along with special features and low cost with energy efficient technology.

11.0 References :1)http://www.robotics.utexas.edu/rrg/learn_more/history/2)http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=1730.php3)http://www.vector1media.com/articles/features/7319-where-robotics-and-agriculture-meet-autonomous-vehicles-for-precision-farming 4) www.howstuffworks.com