Material meets millimeter wave (mmW)...2019/06/18 · Material meets millimeter wave 17 Angular inaccuracies are caused by inhomogeneity. Inhomogeneity of the radome is measured by

Andreas Reil

Product Manager Microwave Imaging

1 MIP

Prepared for

Material meets millimeter wave (mmW)

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Overview

2

Applications in Plastics

Material meets millimeter wave

mmW Imaging

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mmW Imaging

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Frequency

0Hz 1 kHz 1MHz 1GHz 1THz 1PHz 1EHz

Cellphones infrared ultra-violet

77 GHz automotive radar

Audio AM Radio FM Radio Radar visible light X-Ray

mmW Imaging

Material meets millimeter wave 418.06.2019

mmW Imaging

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x / m

y / m

MIP / dB, default QPS reconstructionBMWi3, position: m90

-0.5 0 0.5-1

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

x / m

y / m

MIP / dB, default QPS reconstructionBMWi3, position: m180

-0.5 0 0.5-1

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

Honda CBR BMW i3 - side BMW i3 - front

QAR

Automotive Radome Testing

06.05.2019 360° High Resolution RCS Measurements 7

Find hidden

structures in

design radomes

PCB sample with copper structure.

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Material meets millimeter wave 9

Reasons for blindspots within the radome

Why spatially resolved reflectivity images are important

Transmission

Reflection

Absorption

Radome

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2018-07-13 QAR customer training 10

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Radar angular measurement technology


𝜑1𝜑2𝜑3𝜑4𝜑5

𝛼

Sampling points

Estimate azimuth / elevation angles from

phase differences / amplitudes at the

receive antennas of the phased array

𝛼 = sin−1𝜆 ∙ ∆𝜑

2𝜋𝑑

∆𝜑

𝑑

𝑑

∆𝜑

𝛼

𝜆

Physical distance between antennas

Phase difference

Angle of arrival

wavelength

18.06.2019




𝛼

Phase fronts traveling

towards the radar.

∆𝜑

𝑑

𝑑

∆𝜑

𝛼

𝜆

Physical distance between antennas

Phase difference

Angle of arrival

wavelength

𝛼 = sin−1𝜆 ∙ ∆𝜑

2𝜋𝑑

∆𝜑1 ≠ ∆𝜑2 ≠ ∆𝜑3 ≠ ∆𝜑4 ≠ ∆𝜑5

Phase estimation is wrong

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𝛼

Phase fronts traveling

towards the radar.

∆𝜑l The radar is slightly moved.

l The distance between the antennas is

changed.

l Another algorithm is used for angle of

arrival estimation during post processing.

Or, more general, if:

l Another radar / radome combination is

used.


𝑑

Measuring the angle error does not lead

to useful results, if:

An alternative method has to be used.

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Angular inaccuracies are

caused by inhomogeneity.

Inhomogeneity of the radome

is measured by the QAR.

A threshold can be defined

for either each car, or the

whole fleet. Every radar is

then measured using the

same technique.

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Comparison of measurement methods

Corner reflector

Radome

Radar

Meas. Point=====================#1#2#3

2wayatt.

1.2dB1.4dB1.6dB

AzimuthError

0.2°0.1°0.3°

Method

Descr.

Result

Corner reflectors Network Analyzer R&S®QAR

Radome

Material meets millimeter wave18.06.2019

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Corner reflector

Radome

Radar

Meas. Point=====================#1#2#3

2wayatt.

1.2dB1.4dB1.6dB

AzimuthError

0.2°0.1°0.3°

Method

Descr.

Result


Radome

Cheap & Quick

Estimation &

selective,

Radar dependent


20


Corner reflector

Radome

Radar

Meas. Point=====================#1#2#3

2wayatt.

1.2dB1.4dB1.6dB

AzimuthError

0.2°0.1°0.3°

Method

Descr.

Result


Radome


21


Corner reflector

Radome

Radar

Meas. Point=====================#1#2#3

2wayatt.

1.2dB1.4dB1.6dB

AzimuthError

0.2°0.1°0.3°

Method

Descr.

Result


Radome

Precise measurement

Slow and selective

Calibration required

Experts for operation


22


Corner reflector

Radome

Radar

Meas. Point=====================#1#2#3

2wayatt.

1.2dB1.4dB1.6dB

AzimuthError

0.2°0.1°0.3°

Method

Descr.

Result


Radome


23


Corner reflector

Radome

Radar

Meas. Point=====================#1#2#3

2wayatt.

1.2dB1.4dB1.6dB

AzimuthError

0.2°0.1°0.3°

Method

Descr.

Result


Radome

Spatially resolved

Easy to operate

Time saving

Equipment necessary


24


Corner reflector

Radome

Radar

Meas. Point=====================#1#2#3

2wayatt.

1.2dB1.4dB1.6dB

AzimuthError

0.2°0.1°0.3°

Method

Descr.

Result


Radome

Material meets millimeter wave

Radome

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The R&S QAR radome tester

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Summary

Your benefits


Increase quality

Reduce measurement time

Reduced costs

Due to the possibility of

100% testing in production

Measurement cycle of the

instrument is ~ 7s

Much easier to operate as

a vector network analyzer

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27

Thank You


Documents

Material meets millimeter wave (mmW)...2019/06/18 · Material meets millimeter wave 17 Angular inaccuracies are caused by inhomogeneity. Inhomogeneity of the radome is measured by