Material Health and Green ChemistryNorthwest Green Chemistry Roundtable

Lauren Heine Ph.D.Co-Director Clean Production Action

Director GreenScreen ProgramTechnical Advisor, Northwest Green Chemistry

October 28 2014

CarpetFurniture

Paint

Ceiling tile

Wall covering

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)asthma

to cancer

Material Health in LEED v4

MRcredits: Building Product Disclosure & Optimization – Material Ingredients

Material Ingredient Optimization• GreenScreen List Translator + No Benchmark 1• GreenScreen Full Assessment + No Benchmark 1• Cradle to Cradle Certified

- v3 Silver, Gold, Platinum- v2 Gold & Platinum

• REACH – International Compliance Path

Option 2

Material Ingredient Reporting• Health Product Declaration (HPD)• Manufacturer’s Inventory with GreenScreen• Cradle to Cradle Certified - all levels except v3 Basic

Option 1

Critical Steps to Determine Material Health

• Inventory and Disclosure – What’s in it?– Depth of inventory

• Hazard Screening – GS List Translator– Identify known hazards, RSLs, etc.

• Full Hazard Assessment - GS and C2C– What are the potential impacts of the ingredients?

• Optimization – designing to pose no hazards or risks– Reformulate, innovate

Inventory Screen OptimizeAssess

Material Assessment

Chemical Hazard Full Assessment

Chemical Hazard List Screening

Product Content Inventory

Inventoried to 100 PPM and...

OP 2 I00% BM1 using GS LT (can document with

HPD)OP 2 150%; No BM1 using full

GreenScreen method

Inventoried to 1,000 PPM and...

OP 1 HPD with GS LT for allOP 1 MI disclose all ingredients or hazards based on GS LT

Gett ing Credi t in LEED v4

OP 1 All levels but v3 BasicOP 2 100% v2 Gold, v3 SilverOP 2 150%: v2 Platinum

v3 Gold/Platinum

A method for Chemical Hazard Assessment (CHA) developed by Clean Production Action

– Fully transparent– Scientifically based– Simplifies complex information– Applies to chemicals, materials and

products– Freely downloadable*– Becoming a global standard

GreenScreen® for Safer Chemicals

*All supporting resources at: www.greenscreenchemicals.org

Green chemistry is “the design of

products and processes that

reduce or eliminate the

use or generation of

hazardous substances.”

#3 Less hazardous chemical syntheses#4 Design safer chemicals and products#5 Use safer solvents and auxiliaries#10 Design chemicals and products to degrade after use#12 Minimize the potential for accidents

Green/Sustainable Chemistry Defined by 12 Principles: reduce risk by reducing inherent hazard

Risk = (Hazard, Exposure)

GS List Translator– High level review using hazard lists only– Doesn’t require toxicology expertise– Automated tools

• Pharos• HPD Builder• GreenWERCS with GS List Translator

• Full GreenScreen– Comprehensive review– Can identify safer chemicals– Requires technical expertise such as

Licensed Profilers (toxicologists)

GreenScreen (GS) Tools

Full GreenScreen Assessments Always Trump GS List Translator Results

• Maps chemicals on GS specified lists to hazards and overall scores

• Identifies known “bad actor” chemicals using hazard lists

What GreenScreen List Translator Is

Benchmark 1

Avoid – Chemical of High Concern

• Provides a quick and useful screen for reviewing formulations

• Aided by software automation

• It does NOT include a full assessment of data

• It does NOT represent a comprehensive review

What the GreenScreen List Translator Is Not

Benchmark 4

Prefer – Safer Chemical

A full GreenScreen always trumps results from GreenScreen List Translator

• It does NOT review transformation products

• It does NOT identify safer chemicals

Pharos Chemical and Material Library (CML)

The Wercs GreenWERCS

Automation of the GS List Translator: Software Partners

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GreenScreen® Assessment

1. Assess and classify hazards

2. Apply the Benchmarks

3. Make informed decisions

GreenScreen Hazard Endpointsitalic – not typically in DfE AA Table

Human Health Group I

Human Health Group II and II*

Environmental Toxicity & Fate

Physical Hazards

Carcinogenicity Acute Toxicity Acute Aquatic Toxicity (3 species) Reactivity

Mutagenicity & Genotoxicity

Systemic Toxicity & Organ Effects

Chronic Aquatic Toxicity (3 species)

Flammability

Reproductive Toxicity

Neurotoxicity Other Ecotoxicity studies when

available

Developmental Toxicity

Skin Sensitization PersistenceRespiratory Sensitization

Endocrine Activity Skin Irritation BioaccumulationEye Irritation

Assess & Classify Hazards

• Literature review• Test Data• Analogs/Surrogates• Q/SAR Models• Hazard Lists

Step 1: Populate Hazard Summary Table

Level of Concern: • vH = very High L = Low • H = High vL =

very Low • M = Moderate DG = Data

Gap

Level of Confidence: • Bold = High confidence• Italics = Low confidence

Green Screen Hazard Ratings

Group I Human Group II and II* Human Ecotox Fate Physical

Carcinogenici

ty

Mutagenicit

y

Reproductiv

e Toxicity

Developmental

Toxicity

Endocrine

Activity

Acute

Toxicity

Systemic Toxicity

Neurotoxicity

Skin Sensitization

*

Respiratory

Sensitization

*

Skin Irritatio

n

Eye Irritatio

n

Acute

Aquatic Toxicity

Chronic

Aquatic Toxicity

Persistence

Bioaccumulatio

n

Reactivity

Flammabili

ty

single repeated* single repeated

* * *

L L L M M L L L vH H L DG L L H H vL L M L

Step 2: Apply GreenScreen Benchmarks

Aligned with Regulatory Drivers

Benchmark U = Undetermined due to insufficient data

Step 3: Make Informed Decisions

• Simple integer score (1-4) supports taking action

• Drives adoption of preferred materials

• Drives innovation of new materials

Benchmark 4

Prefer – Safer Chemical

Benchmark 3

Use but Still Opportunity for Improvement

Benchmark 1

Avoid – Chemical of High Concern

Benchmark 2

Use but Search for Safer Substitutes

Benchmark U = Undetermined due to insufficient data

GreenScreen Inside

1. State Regulations

2. Alternatives Assessment

3. Materials Procurement

4. Product Development

5. Corporate Policies

6. Software Tools

7. Standards, Scorecards and Ecolabels

Summary of GS

• GreenScreen for Safer Chemicals

Method for Chemical Hazard Assessment

Use to evaluate individual chemical hazards &

assess alternatives

Evaluates chemicals in materials and products

Supports range of activities from product design,

development, procurement, alternatives

assessment, regulations, standards and ecolabels

“The more you know about what you are putting into your products, the more likely you

are to make better choices in product development”

Jonathan Plisco, PolyOne

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