Mass Dweling

Looking at the map it can be easy to identify the main commercial zones of the city as they are less dense than the predominant residential areas. ese areas expand on a corridor that runs from west to east, from the San Ysidro border to the industrial park in Otay. e concentration of businesses vary along this curve and from here, all the income made by upper, middle, and lower class workers is reected on the zones these people reside as such wealth vanishes away from the hills of Zona Rio to the outer most segregated zones of Tijuana.e rapid growth of jobs for lower class people provided by

the big international manufacturing companies that come to the city and settle, has negative repercutions in the manner new residential developments are planned as development companies have to keep up with the resulting growing population of Tijuana.In creating the new dwelling cities for the fast growing working class in the outskirts of the urbanized territories one has to understand rst all the elements needed to project a and urbanize a city practically from scratch, always evolving in accordance with the dwelers necessities.

M a s s D w e l l i n g . Tijuana/Tecate, MX.Architecture Studio 4A: Social HousingInstructor: Marcel Sanchez Prieto

Important economic zones of Tijuana

Socioeconomics

Interlocking voidsLooking at the map it can be easy to identify the main commercial zones of the city as they are less dense than the predominant residential areas. These areas expand on a corridor that runs from west to east, from the San Ysidro border to the industrial park in Otay. The concen-tration of businesses vary along this curve and from there, all the income made by upper, middle, and lower class workers is reected on the zones these people reside as such wealth vanishes away from the hills of Zona Rio to the outer most segregated zones of Tijuana.

Playas de Tijuana Mesa de Otay La Cinco y Diez Zona Rio (East)

Volumes represent the salary and concentration of labor in the main zones of the city.

Lines represent the distribution of wealth in the different zones of the city.

Continuing soth east on Zona Rio is where most of the tallest buildings in the city are located, housing the most impoirtant and nancially successfull companies, Hotels, and Medical Centers of the city of Tijuana.Jobs in this area are mostly for upper and middle class citizens. On the hills running parallel to zona rio is where most upper class residencial areas are located.

Zona Centro is one of the oldest parts of the city. A major attracting point for tourists, specially coming from the Unites States. Designated as the downtown area of the city in which small companies, doctors, small restaurants and miscellaneous stores provide income for mostly middle and lower class citizens.

Zona Rio is the main location of the service industry and culture. Several restaurants, shops, malls, and cultural centers are located along the strip that runs parallel to the Tijuana River.

Otay is considered another district of the city of Tijuana. Located on a plateau, this part of the city consists of several middle and lower class residential areas, markets, small businesses and is where the state university and the airport are located. e district is bisected by Bulevar Industrial which leaves to the most important source of income for the city of Tijuana, the industrial park, which contains factories from all over the world and provides jobs for a great part of the citys lower class population.

La Cinco y Diez, is another important commercial zone of the city. Along Bulevar Gustavo Diaz Ordas (an extension of Bulevar Aguacaliente) there are several small malls, markets, swap meets, public hospitals, and shops. Most of the businesses located in this area provide income mainly to lower and middle class citizens of Tijuana.

Zona Rio Zona Centro

Urban Block: Form as a sociopolitical urban act of making

Playas de Tijuana is the westernmost districts of the city of Tijuana. It contains all the beaches of the city of Tijuana and several commercial establishments. It is one of the exit routes towards the port of Ensenada. In the past few years, this part of the city has grown to be ground of large residential development projects for middle class citizens.

06 Mass Dwelling Studio A

Important economic zones of Tijuana

Socioeconomics

Interlocking voidsLooking at the map it can be easy to identify the main commercial zones of the city as they are less dense than the predominant residential areas. These areas expand on a corridor that runs from west to east, from the San Ysidro border to the industrial park in Otay. The concen-tration of businesses vary along this curve and from there, all the income made by upper, middle, and lower class workers is reected on the zones these people reside as such wealth vanishes away from the hills of Zona Rio to the outer most segregated zones of Tijuana.

Playas de Tijuana Mesa de Otay La Cinco y Diez Zona Rio (East)

Volumes represent the salary and concentration of labor in the main zones of the city.

Lines represent the distribution of wealth in the different zones of the city.

Continuing soth east on Zona Rio is where most of the tallest buildings in the city are located, housing the most impoirtant and nancially successfull companies, Hotels, and Medical Centers of the city of Tijuana.Jobs in this area are mostly for upper and middle class citizens. On the hills running parallel to zona rio is where most upper class residencial areas are located.

Zona Centro is one of the oldest parts of the city. A major attracting point for tourists, specially coming from the Unites States. Designated as the downtown area of the city in which small companies, doctors, small restaurants and miscellaneous stores provide income for mostly middle and lower class citizens.

Zona Rio is the main location of the service industry and culture. Several restaurants, shops, malls, and cultural centers are located along the strip that runs parallel to the Tijuana River.

Otay is considered another district of the city of Tijuana. Located on a plateau, this part of the city consists of several middle and lower class residential areas, markets, small businesses and is where the state university and the airport are located. e district is bisected by Bulevar Industrial which leaves to the most important source of income for the city of Tijuana, the industrial park, which contains factories from all over the world and provides jobs for a great part of the citys lower class population.

La Cinco y Diez, is another important commercial zone of the city. Along Bulevar Gustavo Diaz Ordas (an extension of Bulevar Aguacaliente) there are several small malls, markets, swap meets, public hospitals, and shops. Most of the businesses located in this area provide income mainly to lower and middle class citizens of Tijuana.

Zona Rio Zona Centro


Playas de Tijuana is the westernmost districts of the city of Tijuana. It contains all the beaches of the city of Tijuana and several commercial establishments. It is one of the exit routes towards the port of Ensenada. In the past few years, this part of the city has grown to be ground of large residential development projects for middle class citizens.

07Mass Dwelling

THE

PRO

CES

STH

E PR

OC

ESS

THE

PRO

CES

SEX

TRA

CTI

ON

OF

PATT

ERN

EXTR

AC

TIO

N O

F PA

TTER

NEX

TRA

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PATT

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Looking at the map it can be easy to identify the main commercial zones of the city as they are less dense than the predominant residential areas. ese areas expand on a corridor that runs from west to east, from the San Ysidro border to the industrial park in Otay. e concen-tration of businesses vary along this curve and from here, all the income made by upper, middle, and lower class workers is reected on the zones these people reside as such wealth vanishes away from the hills of Zona Rio to the outer most segregated zones of Tijuana.e rapid growth of jobs for lower class people provided by the big international manufacturing companies that come to the city and settle, has negative repercutions in the manner new residential developments are planned as development companies have to keep up with the resulting growing population of Tijuana.In creating the new dwelling cities for the fast growing working class in the outskirts of the urbanized territories one has to understand rst all the elements needed to project a and urbanize a city practically from scratch, always evolving in accordance with the dwelers necessi-ties.

Phase1 Formations /Assignmet 1

Geometry System Figure/Ground Propostion

Joseph I. Ruiz Tapia Folded DensityTaking the waving eect of a song in 16 second intervals a series of graphs are generated and accommodated inside a square. Through a series of procedures, the square and the graphs are scored and folded by triangles that at the end give as result a smaller square, in which the over-lapping of the graphs becomes a system to decide what is solid and what is void.

2D FigurationsTransformative drawings of EXTREME POROSITY


30% Solid

30% Solid

Formation 1

MAX. BUILD AREA (COS)

FAR (CUS)

MAX. VOLUME AREA

APROX. # OF DWELLINGS

APROX. # OF INHABITANTS

OPEN SPACE

WALL SURFACE AREA

ROOF SURFACE AREA

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

36%

3.0

51812m3

375

1500

3554m2

6197m2

10449m2

15198m2

Formation 1


FAR (CUS)

MAX. VOLUME AREA



OPEN SPACE

WALL SURFACE AREA

ROOF SURFACE AREA

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

82%

5.4

92100m3

667

2668

1004m2

8705m2

7726m2

26095m2

Formation 1


FAR (CUS)

MAX. VOLUME AREA



OPEN SPACE

WALL SURFACE AREA

ROOF SURFACE AREA

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

86%

2.5

43005m3

311

1244

933m2

9635m2

4800m2

9643m2

Phase1 Formations /Assignmet 1

Geometry System Figure/Ground Propostion

2D FigurationsTransformative drawings of EXTREME POROSITY

15% Figure85% Ground1.5% Solid Area

Patterne lines that form the hexagons were utilized as

guides do divide and dene the dierent levels of the terrain while the squared geometries designate the

green areas and lines of ows and access into the living units.

Resulting GradingAt the same time the process of levelling and

grading is facilitates taking advantage of the existing natural grade.

Existing Topographye Terrain has a slope that results in a dierence of six meters from the highest to the lowest point of it.

is provides the opportunity to locate a parking structure under the housing platform located at that

lowest corner.

Figure Ground Pattern 2

Figure Ground Pattern 1

Extraction of the PatternOrganizing the terrain in a series of platforms

resulting form the combination of the grade of the site and the polygonal pattern, helps to inform the

location of the living units, ow networks, green areas, and open spaces.


THE

RES

ULT

THE

RES

ULT

THE

RES

ULT

PRO

LIFE

RAT

ION

OF

SC

HEM

E 1

PRO

LIFE

RAT

ION

OF

SC

HEM

E 1

PRO

LIFE

RAT

ION

OF

SC

HEM

E 1

DEN

SIT

Y &

TEC

TON

ICS

DEN

SIT

Y &

TEC

TON

ICS

DEN

SIT

Y &

TEC

TON

ICS

FAR 1.5MAX. VOLUME AREA



OPEN SPACE

34013m3

250

1000

3258m2

WALL SURFACE AREA

ROOF SURFACE AREA

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

7382m2

5037m2

8833m2

Formation 1


FAR (CUS)

MAX. VOLUME AREA



OPEN SPACE

WALL SURFACE AREA

ROOF SURFACE AREA

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

36%

3.0

51812m3

375

1500

3554m2

6197m2

10449m2

15198m2

Formation 1


FAR (CUS)

MAX. VOLUME AREA



OPEN SPACE

WALL SURFACE AREA

ROOF SURFACE AREA

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

82%

5.4

92100m3

667

2668

1004m2

8705m2

7726m2

26095m2

Formation 1


FAR (CUS)

MAX. VOLUME AREA



OPEN SPACE

WALL SURFACE AREA

ROOF SURFACE AREA

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

86%

2.5

43005m3

311

1244

933m2

9635m2

4800m2

9643m2

Formation 1


FAR (CUS)

MAX. VOLUME AREA



OPEN SPACE

WALL SURFACE AREA

ROOF SURFACE AREA

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

50%

1.3

26379m3

160

640

2760m2

5843m2

5544m2

4458m2

Formation 1


FAR (CUS)

MAX. VOLUME AREA



OPEN SPACE

WALL SURFACE AREA

ROOF SURFACE AREA

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

40%

1.5

34013m3

250

1000

3258m2

7382m2

5037m2

8833m2

Formation 1


FAR (CUS)

MAX. VOLUME AREA



OPEN SPACE

WALL SURFACE AREA

ROOF SURFACE AREA

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

25%

5.8

113923m3

713

2852

4174m2

17203m2

17474m2

31376m2

FAR 3.0MAX. VOLUME AREA



OPEN SPACE

51812m3

375

1500

3554m2

WALL SURFACE AREA

ROOF SURFACE AREA

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

1976m2

10449m2

15198m2

Points of DensityOne of the study models serves as a detonator to manage density. Its pyramidal typology informs the dense areas of the housing complex and provides the units with better visibility.

Fracture and VolumeAnother strategy extracted from the chosen model was the linear fracture of the mass. is allows for the creation of ow lines that absorb natural light and ventilation.

Liberating the ground oor by creating vertical density gives place to the accommodation of commercial, public, and recreational spaces at street level. e combination of the dierent geometries that depart from the two gure ground studies produces a malleable mass informed by the dierent strategies used in the study models. is aects how terms of densication, fracturation, porosity, and linearity provide shape and program. In this manner, landscapes, transportation and access arteries, and dierent spatial qualities modify the way residents interact with the complex and with each other.

07Mass Dwelling

Circulation

Commercial/Communal Units

Green Space

Movement/Agglomeration of People During the Day

Terraces

Ground Level Open Spaces

Site Plan

In the creation of the new cities, intensication of infrastructure and density specically the city of the working men, there has to be a thorough understanding of the comprehensive character that such territory demands. is process should be driven by the most essential elements that holds a more complex concept together. Understanding elements of geography, site context, aesthetics, form, and program will become an obsolete task if at the end these components do not tight back to the most important and basic of all, the user.Further more than manipulating complex geometries and incorporating bioclimatic factors there has to be a real understanding of the human nature and how individuals coexist primarily with their fellow human beings, and secondarily with all the other external/natural elements. From there that the dierent elements that constitute the city should be subjected to the form in which these individuals perceive, understand, and make use of the resulting spaces. From that manner, the new urban tissue emerges from the hybridization of dwelling, public spaces, ow networks, and economic sectors that recognize the user as the node that puts them all together.


Figure Ground & Land Use

Rental Ownership

Youth AdultsSeniors

Subsidized

CommercialPrivate/Dwelling

Public

LivingWorking

Parking

FAR 1.3

4% 71%

25%Private

PlazaLarge and open commu-nal spaces surrounded by programs like commerce, recreative, administration, or religious. This allows for freedom of speech and political stances to be taken.

Stair SearingAmphitheater seating located at the edges of the different plazas and parks where people can social-ize, rest, and enjoy different recreational activities.

Walkable StreetsCutting through the mass of the housing structures allows for an interaction between cross neigh-bors as well as it establishes a connection between the back and front open spaces of the complex, flow networks that are exclusive for the pedestrian.

Sports CourtsProviding recreational spaces is extremely important for the moral and physical heath of the community.

^^ ^t

07Mass Dwelling

Section Cut 1

Section Cut 2


07Mass Dwelling

Living Units Floor Plans

11.09

3.86

13.21

3.21

14.23

2.15

5.38

11.23

4.48

10.232.15

5.38

13.23

4.48

6.751.92

5.38

9.74

4.48

5.24

6.98

7.91

4.48

2.5

2.42

2.06

15.26

1.15 2.87 2.27

3.56

5.38

9.65

8.06

2.5

5.81

6.65

7.21

3.49

4.08

9.23

5.38

12.23

4.48

UP

Unit A Shotgun Angle (2 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2

11.908.18

Toilet 1Total

2.2948.07

Unit B Shotgun Angle (3 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2Bedroom 3

8.228.177.11

Toilet 1Toilet 2Total

1.682.2757.98

Unit C Shotgun Angle (2 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2

11.88.17

Toilet 1Total

2.2952.55

Unit D Small Shotgun Angle (2 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2

6.376.12

Toilet 1Total

3.0236.90

Unit E L Angle (2 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2

7.126.02

Toilet 1Total

1.8843.24

Unit F L Angle Mirror (2 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2

Unit G Shotgun Long Angle (2 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2

Unit HShotgun Rectangle (2 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2

Unit I Shotgun Diamond (2 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2

Unit J J Angle (3 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2Bedroom 3


6.48

4.48

3.495.47

4.48

3.49

8.39

3.49

4.48

5.47

8.39

5.47

7.61

6.98

2.58

3.8

8.67

7.56

2.5

2.5

Unit F L Angle Mirror (2 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2

9.078.97

Toilet 1Total

1.3543.25

Unit G Shotgun Long Angle (2 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2

11.887.85

Toilet 1Total

1.687.94

Unit HShotgun Rectangle (2 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2

8.896.12

Toilet 1Total

2.6339.45

Unit I Shotgun Diamond (2 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2

10.777.72

1.4843.18

Unit J J Angle (3 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2Bedroom 3

7.297.296.24


2.021.9251.32

Unit KKinked Angle (3 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2Bedroom 3

6.085.575.17

8.408.92

Unit M Shotgun Angle (3 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2Bedroom 3

8.036.445.78

Toilet 1Total

Unit LJ Angle (2 Bedroom)Bedroom 1Bedroom 2


2.161.8955.21


2.541.8655.83


1.761.5456.22

07Mass Dwelling

07Mass Dwelling

Overall Wood Physical Model


Sectional Model of Building Portion

07Mass Dwelling

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Mass Dweling