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Depar tem en Tek nik Sip i l

es sy@eng .ui.ac .id

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Cont ent o f Present at ion :

1 . In t roduc t i on2 . Genera l t heory

. x per m ent a roc e ure.

Analys is5 . Conc lus ion and

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K ey Words

ay r c

ompress ve s reng

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-

com osite buildin materialconstructed by bonding

r c e emen s an mor ar

bricks are solid and

home-based factories

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the cost is relatively low. clay bricks are locally produced

materials for constructing rural

ouses an ow r se u ngs

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INTRODUCTION (c ont inued)

The quality of bricks are

vary Produced under limited

wood-fired oven

Need partial improvement in

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Map of West Java

KarawangJ a k a r t a

Maja lengka

May 2001

Bandung

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Jakarta Cikarang Karawang- Bandung

Cikarang

University of Indonesia

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The Produc t ion o f Loca l Br ic k s

(d)c

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The Produc t ion of Loca l Br ic k s

(h)(g)

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Dam age on m asonry houses

(a) (b)

Damage on masonry housings during Bengkulu Earthquake, June 2000

a art a amage, ota co apse an part a amage

(c) (d)

Damage on masonry housings during Majalengka Earthquake, May 2001(a) Severe damage, (b) Partial damage on mortared walls

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enera eory

compressive pressure (Fig. 1)

=

The axial strain is formulatedas = V/ h

bformulated as Eb = fb/

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.acting on the specimen

VArea A

hV

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Standard SNI 15 2094 1991

-p roper t ies (Table 1 and Table 2)

- Clas i f ic as ion of br ic k s (in color)- Pre arat ion o f br ic k s ec im ens

- Preparat ion o f m ort ar m ix

-

- Crushing t e st

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unit brickWidth

mm

a e . verage zeand Densit of Brick

Thickness (mm)

Brick Size ( mm ) Mass Density

Length (mm)

Color

Thick- Width Length (gram) (ton/m3)

Yellow 46.63 90.28 190.59 1339.63 1.672

Dark

Red

45.61 90.08 188.03 1325.23 1.719

e . . . . .

Avera e 46.11 90.44 189.69

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Table 2. Surface Absorption Index

( S.R.) of Bricks

Brick Color

S.R. ( gram/dm2/sec)

Single Brick Double Bricks Triple Bricks

Yellow 19.74 17.92 18.43

Dark Red 26.68 29.48 27.51

Red 17.75 15.44 17.33

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Table 3. The Composition of Mortar Mix.

Type of

Mortar Composition

MasonryMortar

tionCement Chalk Sand Pozzolan

1 (A) 1 - 3 - I

2 (B) 1 - 4 - I

asonry c ass cat on = , or tructura asonry

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.Water cement ratio of mortar.

o ng ompos on

of Mortar Mix

a er

Cement

a o

B 1 : 4 0.85

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. ,50 x 50 x 50 mm3

Type of

mortar

Coding Number of

specimens

1 : 3 A 20

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Figure 2. Method of Brick Cutting

Codin

Coding

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Table 6. Brick Specimen Coding

r c o or e ow ar

Red

e number of

specimens

Mortar Type1 : 3

A1 toA10

A11 toA20

A21 toA30 30

Mortar Type B1 to B11 to B21 to1 : 4 B10 B20 B30 30

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Fi ure 3. om ressive Brick

Specimens

Specimen Coding

mortar

A1

A1

Space 10 mm

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Preparation for brick compression test

Brick specimens

with sulphur

CompressionNon-uniform shape and colour

es on a r c

specimen

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Figure 4.Compression Test on a Brick Specimen

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Fi r . Br i k im n B f r n

Af t e r Test ed

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Dat a Col lec t ing and Analys is

Modulus of elasticity

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Maximum Compressive Stress

MortarMortar

fb max fb max fb max

Yellow Bricks

[N/mm2]

Dark Red

Bricks

Red Bricks

[N/mm2]

[N/mm2]

1 : 3 A 15.04397 16.92766 14.55552

: . . .

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enera se ress - ra n urve o arang r c s

14

y = 546.18x - 2.889910

12

a) y = 6299x-2.89

R2 = 0.9997

6

8

Stress

(M

PVFissure

R2 = 0.9997

=

4

closing

.

R2

= 1

0

2

0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035

Strain (mm/mm)

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Modulus of rupture

One point load Two point loadsBending failure pattern

Bending Test 1 point 2 point Average

Modulus of rupture

MPa 3.366 2.639 3.003

S-Dev 1.560 1.188 1.384

COV 0.463 0.45 0.461

Number of specimens 20 20 20

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Conclus ion

The average w at er absorpt ionindex o f yel low b r i ck and red

br i ck is 10 20 gr /dm 2/sec ond The average w at er absorpt ion

> 10 20 gr /dm 2/sec ond

have m ore su rface c rac k s

b r i cks .

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CONCLUSION (c on t inued ..)

The c om pressive s t rengt h ofm or t ar t ype A is about 1 .6 h ighert han t he com press ive s t rengt h o

m ort a r t ype B Br ic k c om pressive s t rengt h is

in f luenc ed by t ype, qua li t y and t he

am oun o m or ar n eacspec imens .

g er m or t ar s t rengt wproduce h igher br ic k c om press ives reng

Wat er c em ent rat io of m ort ar t ypes ow er an w a er c em en ra o

fo mor t a r t ype B .

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CONCLUSION (c on t inued ..)

The va lue of Modulus o f Elast i c i t yor r c us ng m or ar ype >

m ort a r t ype B. Crac k pat t e rn genera l ly oc c ur red

w i th ver t i c a l c rac k pat t e rn i n t he.

Br i t t le fa i lure happened in m ostspec im ens and no duc t i l i t yresponse seen dur ing t hese t es t s .

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Develo in d i f ferent t e o fspec im en m odel , e i t her fo r br i c k

assem bla e c om ress ive s t ren t hor co lum n c om press ive st rengt h .

onc ern ng a ou eren r cproduc t f rom d i f fe ren t region.

Cons idera t i on of sur fac e

m ay a ffec t t he bonding be tw een

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Recommendation (cont)

Laborat ory t es t s m ay be i t e rat ed asm an t est s as oss ib le .

,t he c ons t ruc t ion of spec im enss ou e ar range m ore prec se y.

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