1. Which area of the femur is the site of insertion for the muscles that are in charge of ADduction?

Your Answer: Linea aspera Correct

The linea aspera is the area of the femur that is the site of insertion for ADductor magnus, longus, and brevis. The ADductor group; pectineus, gracilis, ADductor magnus, longus, and brevis. The short head of biceps femoris, vastus lateralis, and medialis originate at the linea aspera.

 2. What structure in the popliteal region is an endangerment site?

Your Answer: Tibial nerve Correct

The tibial nerve is the only thing that is in the posterior side of the leg or popliteal region.  

3. What two muscles attach to the xiphoid process?

Your Answer: Rectus abdominus/diaphragm Correct

Rectus abdominus inserts and the diaphragm originates on the xiphoid process.  

4. Of the following choices, which is not a type of tissue in the human body?

Your Answer: Subcutaneous Correct

Subcutaneous is a tissue layer. All others are tissue types.  5. What is the term for the membrane that is surrounding the diaphysis of a bone?

Your Answer: Periosteum Correct

The periosteum (peri= around) is the term for the membrane that is surrounding the diaphysis. It is a double-layered connective tissue that covers and nourishes the bone. Endosteum is the membranous lining of the medullary cavity. Metaphysis is the growth plate or epiphyseal plate and trabeculae is a small rod of collagenous tissue.

 6. Which term has the same meaning as posterior?

Your Answer: Dorsal Correct

Dorsal refers to toward the back of the body.  7. Which muscles action is protraction of the scapula?

Your Answer: Serratus anterior Correct

The serratus anterior muscle does depression and protraction or ABduction of the scapula. It is a key muscle in the stabilization of the scapula, it is also known as the boxer muscle.

 8. How many pairs of ribs does a normal human body have?

Your Answer: 12 Correct

There are 12 pairs of ribs that connect to the thoracic vertebrae making 24 ribs in all.  

9. Which muscle depresses the clavicle?

Your Answer: Subclavius Correct

The subclavius muscle depresses the clavicle and is a stabilizer for the pectoral girdle. Originating at the first rib and inserting at the inferior clavicle.

 10. What bones comprise the talocrural joint?

Your Answer: Tibia, fibula, and talus Correct

True ankle joint= Talocrural. Tibia, fibula, and talus.  11. ______ consists of plasma and cells?

Your Answer: Blood Correct

Blood consists of cells and plasma.  12. Which of the following group of muscles works together to extend the coxal joint?

Your Answer: Biceps femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosus Correct

Muscles that extend the coxal joint: Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gluteus maximus (all), gluteus medius (posterior), adductor magnus (posterior).

 13. What cervical joint is located between the C2 dens or odontoid process anterior facets articulating with the fovea dentis

on C1 anterior arch?

Your Answer: Atlanto-axial Incorrect

Correct Answer is: Atlanto-odontoid

The atlanto-odontoid pivot joint allows rotation and is between the C2 dens or odontoid process anterior facets articulating with the fovea dentis on C1 anterior arch.

 14. All the ADductor muscles, except gracilis, have insertions on:

Your Answer: The posterior aspect of the femur Correct

The pectineus, ADductor magnus/brevis and longus insert on the posterior aspect of the femur.  15. The appendix is located?

Your Answer: Inferior to the liver Correct

The appendix is located on the patient's right side below (inferior) to the liver. LiveR and gallbladdeR, Right side.  16. What fuses the skull together?

Your Answer: Bone Incorrect

Correct Answer is: Fibrocartilage

Fibrocartilage fuses the skull together. The skull would be an example of a synarthrotic joint. SAD/ Synarthrosis= immovable. Amphiarthrosis= slightly movable. Diarthrosis= Freely movable.

 17. Which choice is a ridge on the anterior surface of the tibia?

Your Answer: Apex Incorrect

Correct Answer is: Tibial tuberosity

The tibial tuberosity serves as an attachment point for the patellar ligament on the anterior surface of the tibia. There are two apexes, the angle on the heart and the angle that is the bony landmark on the patella. Intercondylar eminence is between the articular facets on the proximal end of the tibia. The fibular notch is on the distal tibia, an indention for the inferior tibiofibular articulation.

 18. The rhomboids are ______ to the Deltoids?

Your Answer: Medial Correct

Medial means toward the midline of the body.  19. Which muscle extends and laterally rotates the arm?

Your Answer: Deltoid Correct

The deltoid (all fibers) Abduct, (anterior fibers) Flex, medially rotate and horizontally ADduct, (poserior fibers) extend, laterally rotate and horizontally ABduct.

 20. What is the term for the thin layer of connective tissue that is located in the ventral abdominal, dorsal lumbar, palmar

and scalp regions?

Your Answer: Aponeurosis Correct

The aponeurosis is the thin layer of connective tissue in the ventral abdominal, dorsal lumbar, palmar and scalp (galea aponeurotica).

 21. What bone would be a part of the appendicular skeleton?

Your Answer: Patella Correct

The appendicular skeleton refers to the extremities.  22. All of the following muscles share the same attachment site:

Your Answer: Biceps brachii, Coracobrachialis, and Pectoralis minor Correct

The coracoid process of the scapula is the origin of the short head on biceps brachii and the coracobrachialis. This structure also is the insertion for pectoralis minor.

 23. What is the name for the membrane that connects the tibia to the fibula?

Your Answer: The interosseous membrane Correct

The interosseous membrane refers to the membrane that connects the tibia and the fibula.

 24. When someone moves their scapulas down in an inferior position this can be described as what act?

Your Answer: Depression Correct

Depression describes the act of moving the scapulas down in an eccentric contraction using the lower trapezius, pectoralis minor, and serratus anterior when the origin is fixed along the sagittal plane. Elevation and depression are only possible with the jaw and scapula.

 25. Which would be an example of a synarthrosis joint?

Your Answer: Skull Correct

The skull would be an example of a synarthrotic joint. It is a type of immovable joint that exists in the skull, sternocostal 1st rib and distal tibiofibular (slight give during dorsiflexion). SAD/ Synarthrosis= immovable. Amphiarthrosis= slightly movable. Diarthrosis= Freely movable.

 26. What does the Eustachian tube do?

Your Answer: Connects the middle ear with the nasal cavity Correct

The Eustachian tube (auditory tube) connects the middle ear (tympanic cavity) with the nasal or nasopharynx cavity serving as a pressure equalizer.

 27. What is the largest portion of the pelvic girdle?

Your Answer: Ilium Correct

The ilium is the largest portion of the pelvic girdle.  28. The coxal joint has four ligaments that support the joint capsule, which ligament reinforces it medialy?

Your Answer: Ischiofemoral ligament Incorrect

Correct Answer is: Pubofemoral ligament

The coxal joint's four supporting ligaments are the deep zona orbicularis, anterior iliofemoral ligament, medial pubofemoral, and posterior ischiofemoral ligament. They wrap around the femoral neck, starting anteriorly, ending posteriorly. Extension tightens the ligaments and flexion loosens them.

 29. Which choice would be an example of a tripartite muscle?

Your Answer: All of the above Correct

All of these muscles are examples of tripartite muscles. The gastrocnemius and soleus form a tripartite muscle called the triceps surae.

 30. Pointing the toes could be described as what type of body movement?

Your Answer: Plantar flexion Correct

Plantar flexion is the act of moving the ankle towards the plantar surface of the foot on a sagittal plane. Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion can only be used to describe movement at the ankle.

1. Where does the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist attach on the ulna?

Your Answer: Styloid process Correct

The styloid process is where the ulnar collateral ligament attaches to the ulna. Both the ulna and radius have styloid processes at their distal ends.

 2. Attached to the wall of the uterus is the _________________ a special organ with shared tissue between the mother and

fetus.

Your Answer: Placenta Correct

The placenta facilitates the exchange of nutrients and some waste products between the mother and fetus, including nicotine and alcohol.

 3. Which muscle inserts at the spine of the scapula?

Your Answer: Trapezius Correct

The posterior and medial trapezius insert at the spine of the scapula. The trapezius muscle inserts at the spine of the scapula, acromion process of the scapula and the lateral 1/3 of the clavicle.

 4. What bony landmark does the inguinal ligament attach to on the pelvis?

Your Answer: Pubic arch Incorrect

Correct Answer is: Pubic tubercle

The inguinal ligament is attached to the pelvis at the pubic tubercle extending to the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS). It forms the superior border of the femoral triangle and the lower edge of the abdominal aponeurosis. It also serves as an attachment site for the external obliques.

 5. Which muscle laterally rotates the humerus?

Your Answer: Infraspinatus Correct

The infraspinatus muscle laterally rotates the arm along with the posterior fibers of the deltoid and teres minor.  

6. The fetus grows in the mothers?

Your Answer: Uterus Correct

The fetus grows in the uterus. The cervix is the opening at the base of the uterus.  

7. What would the membranous lining of the medullary cavity be called?

Your Answer: Endosteum Correct

The endosteum is the membranous lining of the medullary cavity. Periosteum is a double-layered connective tissue that covers and nourishes bone.

 8. What part of the femur articulates with the pelvic girdle?

Your Answer: The head

Correct

The head is the part of the femur that articulates with the pelvic girdle.  9. Which of the following muscles flex the humerus?

Your Answer: Coracobrachialis Correct

The four muscles that flex the glenohumeral joint: Deltoid (anterior fibers), pectoralis major (upper fibers), biceps brachii and coracobrachialis. There are seven muscles that extended: Deltoid (posterior fibers), latissimus dorsi, teres major, infraspinatus, teres minor, pectoralis major (lower fibers) and triceps brachii (long head).

 10. Which muscle is a scapula stabilizer?

Your Answer: All of the above Incorrect

Correct Answer is: Serratus anterior

The serratus anterior muscle is a scapula stabilizer. The others provide support, however not specifically for the scapula.

 11. An amino acid:

Your Answer: Reduces hydrogen Incorrect

Correct Answer is: Contains carbon

Amino acids are an organic compound containing nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; all the building blocks for protein.

 12. What is the insertion site for the SITS rotator cuff muscle group?

Your Answer: Greater and lesser tubercle of the humerus Correct

SIT (supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor) all insert on the greater tubercle. Subscapularis inserts on the lesser tubercle of the humerus.

 13. Which muscle depresses the ribs?

Your Answer: Rectus abdominus Correct

The rectus abdominus muscle depresses the ribs and allows for the flexion in the waist.  14. Out of the five ADductor muscles, choose the only one that crosses the knee?

Your Answer: Gracilis Correct

The gracilis is the only muscle that crosses the knee in the ADductor group.  15. What is the term for the area where the superior and medial borders of the scapula meet?

Your Answer: Superior angle Correct

The superior angle is the term for the area where the superior and medial borders of the scapula meet. It is not as easy

to palpate as the inferior angle and is the attachment site of the levator scapula, deep to the trapezius.  16. Which muscle groups are in charge of elevating and depressing the scapula?

Your Answer: Elevators: trapezius (upper) and levator scapula, Depressors: trapezius (lower) and pectoralis minor Correct

The four elevators: Trapezius (upper), rhomboid major, rhomboid minor and levator scapula. The three depressors: Trapezius (lower), serratus anterior and pectoralis minor.

 17. A person in the ______ position is lying face up?

Your Answer: Supine Correct

The person would in the supine body position.  18. What area of the tibia provides stability to the talus?

Your Answer: Medial malleolus Correct

The medial malleolus is the area of the tibia that provides stability to the talus.  19. What is the only action that all the fibers of the gluteus maximus / medius and minimus perform together on the hip?

Your Answer: ABduction Correct

The ABductors of the hip: Gluteus maximus (all), gluteus medius (all), gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae, sartorius and piriformis (flexed hip).

 20. What muscle is an adductor of the arm?

Your Answer: Coracobrachialis Correct

The coracobrachialis muscle is an adductor of the arm.  21. What muscle has its origin at the clavicle and the manubrium of the sternum?

Your Answer: Sternocleidomastoid Correct

The Sternocleidomastoid muscle has its origin at the medial 1/3 clavicle and the top of the manubrium on the sternum. Its insertion is on the mastoid process and lateral superior nuchal line.

 22. What two actions do the biceps femoris perform?

Your Answer: Flexion and extension Correct

The biceps femoris flexes the knee (tibiofemoral) and extends the hip (coxal). It also tilts the pelvis posteriorly, laterally rotates the hip, and laterally rotates the knee when flexed.

 23. What is another term for the calcaneal tendon?

Your Answer: Achilles Correct

The achilles tendon is another term for the calcaneal tendon.

 24. What is the main portion or the shaft of the bone called?

Your Answer: Diaphysis Correct

The Diaphysis is the main shaft or largest portion of the bone. It is composed of compact bone and contains (in adults) the yellow bone marrow. In infants it is the site for forming blood cells and red bone marrow.

 25. What is the term for the muscular ridges in the right atrium?

Your Answer: Papillary muscles Incorrect

Correct Answer is: Pectinate muscles

The term for the muscular ridges in the right atrium are the pectinate muscles.  26. Raising the toes to bend the ankle can be described as what type of movement?

Your Answer: Dorsiflexion Correct

Dorsiflexion is the act of bending at the ankle to elevate the toes on a sagittal plane. Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion can only be used to describe movement at the ankle.

 27. How many pairs of nerves branch off of the spine?

Your Answer: 31 Correct

There are 31 pairs of nerves branching off of the spine. 8 cervical nerves, 12 thoracic nerves, 5 lumbar nerves, 5 sacral nerves, and 1 coccageal nerve off the spinal cord.

 28. What action is a medial movement of the foot along the frontal or coronal plane and can only be isolated passively?

Your Answer: Inversion Incorrect

Correct Answer is: ADduction

ADding to the midline passively moved. Frontal or coronal divides the body into front and back sections. Inversion can be done passively and actively (non-weight) it is a combination of ADduction and supination.

 29. The _________ depress the ribcage?

Your Answer: Internal intercostals Correct

The internal intercostals depress the ribcage. The internal intercostal depresses the ribcage while the external intercostals elevate the ribcage.

 30. All of the following muscles are firing during extension of an eccentric contraction of the head and neck except:

Your Answer: Anterior scalenes Incorrect

Correct Answer is: Levator scapula

Eccentric contraction with muscles firing to help ease towards the Earth, so that there is control in movement and not just a drastic drop. All the flexor muscles of the cervical spine will be firing to slowly lower head to Earth in extension

and firing. Cervical extensors: (BL=bilaterally) trapezius (upper) BL, levator scapula BL, splenius capitus / cervicis BL, rectus capitus posterior major / minor, oblique capitis superior, semispinalis capitis, and the longissimus capitis / cervicis and iliocostalis cervicis assists. Flexors: SCM BL, anterior scalene BL, longus capitis BL, and longus colli BL.

1. What are the bones in the foot called?

Your Answer: Metatarsals Correct

The bones of the foot are: phalanges, sesamoid, metatarsals, navicular, talus, cuboid, calcaneus, medial, middle and lateral cuneiforms.

 2. Which muscle from the ADductor group has its insertion on the pes anserinus tendon?

Your Answer: Gracilis Correct

The gracilis is the only muscle that crosses the knee in the ADductor group. It inserts on the medial/proximal shaft of the tibia on the pes anserinus tendon. It originates on the pubis inferior ramus as well as the ischium ramus.

 3. What attaches the talus to the tibia and the fibula?

Your Answer: Ligaments Correct

Ligaments on the lateral (Spring) and medial (deltoid) talus to the tibia and the fibula.  

4. Which proximal structure does the humerus articulate with?

Your Answer: Glenoid fossa Correct

Glenoid fossa or cavity on the scapula is where the humerus articulates.  

5. In the upper-right quadrant we have what organs?

Your Answer: Liver and gallbladder Correct

Upper-Right quadrant of the abdomin houses the LiveR and GallbladdeR  6. Which muscle has its insertion at the medial border of the scapula from the scapular spine to the inferior angle?

Your Answer: Rhomboid major Correct

The rhomboid major muscle has its insertion at the medial border of the scapula from the scapular spine to the inferior angle. It originates at the spinous processes of T2-T5.

 7. The _______________ is the insertion for three of the four rotator cuff muscles; supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres

minor?

Your Answer: Greater tubercle Correct

Lesser tubercle is the insertion of the fourth rotator cuff muscle, the subscapularis. All the other rotator muscles insert on the greater tubercle. The Intertubercular groove is between the greater and lesser tubercle and houses the long head tendon of the biceps brachii.

 8. What ribs do not attach to the sternum?

Your Answer: 8-12 Correct

Ribs 8-10 are termed the vertebrochondral false ribs, and do not articulate directly with the sternum. 11 &12 are floating ribs and do not fall under vertebrochondral for they do not have a cartilaginous portion attaching to the sternum.

 9. The appendix is located?

Your Answer: Inferior to the liver Correct

The appendix is located on the patient's right side below (inferior) to the liver. LiveR and gallbladdeR, Right side.  10. An overall lengthening of the muscle while it is contracting or resisting a workload is defined as a ____________

contraction?

Your Answer: Eccentric Correct

Concentric brings the Insertion closer to the Origin, shortening the muscle. Isometric increases in tension without change in muscle length / (Eccentric = easing down toward the Earth).

1. Most long nerve fibers are covered with a whitish, fatty material that is called:

Your Answer: Myelin Correct

Myelin has a waxy appearance that protects and insulates the fibers of the axon to increase the transmission rate of nerve impulses. Dendrites are part of the neuron that extend from the cell body to convey messages TOWARD the cell body.

 2. Which muscle stabilizes the scapula when the ribs are fixed?

Your Answer: Trapezius Incorrect

Correct Answer is: Pectoralis minor

The pectoralis minor muscle stabilizes the scapula when the ribs are fixed in a position. It also stabilizes the ribs when the scapula is fixed in one position.

 3. Which type of muscle causes primary movement to occur?

Your Answer: Agonist Correct

Agonist muscles, also known as a prime movers. They are responsible for primary movements.  

4. The______ is the attachment for the patellar ligament?

Your Answer: The tibial tuberosity Correct

The tibial tuberosity is where the patellar ligament attaches to the tibia.  

5. What is the most inferior part of the sternum called?

Your Answer: Xiphoid process Correct

There are 3 fused bones that make up the sternum. The superior portion is the manubrium, just inferior= body of the sternum, and the third is the xiphoid process.

 6. Which abdominal muscle is the most superficial in reference to the lateral aspect of the abdominals?

Your Answer: External obliques Correct

The external oblique is the abdominal muscle that is the most superficial in reference to the lateral aspect of the abdominals. The fibers of these muscles are running downward toward the umbilicus.

 7. Where is the infraglenoid tubercle located on the scapula?

Your Answer: Lateral border Correct

Located on the superior aspect of the lateral border, and the attachment site for the long head of the triceps brachii, deep to the teres minor and posterior deltoid.

 8. The rhomboids are ______ to the Deltoids?

Your Answer: Medial Correct

Medial means toward the midline of the body.  

9. What lies posterior and inferior on the humerus?

Your Answer: Olecranon fossa Correct

The olecranon fossa lies posterior and inferior on the humerus.  10. Which bone forms the forehead?

Your Answer: Frontal bone Correct

The frontal bone of the skull forms the forehead.  11. Which muscle is also commonly called the "boxers muscle"?

Your Answer: Triceps Brachii Incorrect

Correct Answer is: Serratus anterior

The serratus anterior muscle is also commonly called the "boxers muscle" because ABducts and depresses the scapula. Making the punching motion possible at the shoulder girdle. It also holds the scapula against the rib cage and if the scapula is fixed it can act in forced inhalation.

 12. What cervical joint is located between the superior facets of C1 and articulates with the occiputs condyles?

Your Answer: Atlanto-occipital Correct

The atlanto-occipital ellipsoid joint allows flexion/extension and lateral flexion. It's located between the superior facets of C1 articulating with the occiputs condyles.

 13. What is the term for the muscular ridges in the right atrium?

Your Answer: Pectinate muscles Correct

The term for the muscular ridges in the right atrium are the pectinate muscles.  14. Muscles that have three divisions are termed _______ muscles.

Your Answer: Tripartate Incorrect

Correct Answer is: Tripartite

Muscles that have three divisions are termed tripartite muscles. Tripartite also includes actions executed by a group of 3 muscles. Tri meaning three.

 15. Smooth, Cardiac, and Skeletal are all specialized types of which of the following four types of tissues?

Your Answer: Muscle Tissue Correct

Muscle tissue shortens and contracts in a "twitch". There are two ways to describe muscle tissue, voluntary (you have to think about) and involuntary (you do not have to think about). Skeletal muscle is voluntary, smooth and cardiac is involuntary.

 16. Where does the fibula articulate with the talus?

Your Answer: Lateral malleolus Correct

The fibula articulates with the talus at the lateral malleolus.  17. Where does the scapula articulate with the clavicle?

Your Answer: Acromioclavicular joint Correct

The scapula articulates with the clavicle at the acromioclavicular joint. The best way to access the ac joint is to elevate and depress the scapula.

 18. Choose from the following groups, the muscles that are in charge of horizontal ABduction and horizontal ADduction?

Your Answer: Horizontal ABduction: infraspinatus and teres minor, horizontal ADduction: deltoid (anterior) and pectoralis major (upper) Correct

The three horizontal ABductors: Deltoid (posterior), infraspinatus and teres minor. The two horizontal ADductors: Deltoid (anterior) and pectoralis major (upper).

 19. Which muscle laterally rotates the arm?

Your Answer: Teres minor Correct

The teres minor muscle laterally rotates the humerus along with infraspinatus and posterior fibers of deltoid.  20. Which muscle internally rotates and ABducts the thigh?

Your Answer: Gluteus medius Correct

The gluteus medius muscle internally (medially) rotates and ABducts the thigh aiding in the stabilization and support of

the hips.  21. What major artery passes deep and medial to the SCM and is the primary supplier of blood to the head and neck?

Your Answer: Carotid artery Correct

The carotid artery is the main artery in the neck. The External jugular vein lies superficial to the SCM; Axillary's are not major suppliers for head and neck.

 22. What is the name of the structure that is attached inferior to the patella?

Your Answer: Patella ligament Correct

The rectus femoris tendon embeds the patella sesamoid bone and is then the patellar ligament that inserts on the tibial tuberosity. Tendon= muscle to bone, ligament= bone to bone. Sesamoid bones are embedded in tendons and provide extra leverage. They also reduce pressure on the underlying tissue structures.

 23. The anterior aspect of the vertebral border of the scapula is the insertion for which muscle?

Your Answer: Serratus anterior Correct

The anterior aspect of the vertebral border of the scapula is the insertion for the serratus anterior. It originates on the surfaces of the upper 8 or 9 ribs.

 24. Except for the hard enamel covering, teeth are composed mostly of _______?

Your Answer: Calcium Incorrect

Correct Answer is: Dentin

Teeth are mostly composed of dentin that is deep to the enamel.  25. What is the term for the area that connects the greater and lesser trochanters of the femur?

Your Answer: Intertrochanteric crest Correct

The intertrochanteric crest or line is the term for the area that connects the greater and lesser trochanters of the femur.

 26. The first vertebra after the skull, is known as what?

Your Answer: The atlas Correct

The atlas refers to the first cervical just under the skull C-1.  27. A weight bearing position of the foot where the sole of the foot tends to turn outward is:

Your Answer: Eversion Incorrect

Correct Answer is: Pronation

Pronation is a weight bearing movement. Eversion is a non-weight bearing movement.  28. Which muscles decrease the size of the thorax during forced expiration?

Your Answer: Internal intercostals Correct

The internal intercostal muscles have their origin at the inferior border of the ribs and insertions at the superior border of the rib above. They help with forced expiration depressing the ribs. The muscle fibers run IN towards the midline, thought of visually as an extension on the internal oblique fibers.

 29. What cervical joint is located between the C2 dens or odontoid process anterior facets articulating with the fovea dentis

on C1 anterior arch?

Your Answer: Atlanto-odontoid Correct

The atlanto-odontoid pivot joint allows rotation and is between the C2 dens or odontoid process anterior facets articulating with the fovea dentis on C1 anterior arch.

 30. The connective tissue within the medullary cavity is called?

Your Answer: Endosteum Incorrect

Correct Answer is: Bone marrow

Bone marrow is the connective tissue in the medullary cavity of the bone.