Maryland; Creating a Rain Garden from Start to Finish - Green Schools

8/3/2019 Maryland; Creating a Rain Garden from Start to Finish - Green Schools

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Sarah T. Hilderbrand Environmental ConcernSalena Garber Northba LLC

Concern Inc.


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EC romotes ublic understandin and

stewardship of wetlands with the goal of im rovin water ualit and enhancin natures habitat. This is accomplished through wetland

outreach and education native s ecies horticulture, and the restoration, construction

and enhancement of wetlands.

Concern Inc. www.wetland.org


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their attitudes and actions have a lasting impact , ,

people around them by using approved

and the outdoors as an integrating context.

www.northbayadventure.com


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Im ervious Surfaces

&

the

Water

C cle


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Reduced Water Quality

Pollutants, Sediment, Sewage

Loss of habitat and aquatic life ncrease oo ng

Decreased groundwater recharge Increased water temperatures


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WetlandRain Barrel

Rain GardensGreen Roof

Paving


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Rain Gardens are designed to

work in

much

the

same

way

as

natural wetland ecosystems they provide wildlife habitat, store and

filter stormwater and recharge underground aquifers.

Unlike wetlands, they allow water to infiltrate quickly into the ground instead of pooling on the surface.


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A depressed landscaping feature that is

planted with

native

plants and

is

used

to

manage stormwater runoff from impervious surfaces.

created in a

collects storm water

less than 2448 hours.


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Compared to a conventional patch of lawn, a

soak into the ground.

Recharge local and

Help to protect

flooding & drainage problems

Deep Roots


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Enhancing the beauty of yards and

neighborhoods

and many beneficial insects


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Act as a filter to help to protect streams and

lakes from

pollutants

carried

by

urban

stormwater.

Reduce lawns to be

Your ersonal contribution to


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A Water Source/Inflow

Loose Soils

ppropr a e an s Mulch

ut ow cons erat ons (spillway, drain, underdrain)


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Many guides available online. . . _ _ .

Remember these

are

guides,

not

rules!


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Look for a site at least 10 feet from any

Pick a spot

that

will

collect

water

from

surroun ng sur aces.

Sunny gardens are preferable, though partial and full shade can be accommodated.

,

wiring, storage

tanks,

etc.)

and

trees.


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Be wary of standing water indication of low soil permeability.

Avoid areas with high water tables or areas with

shallow soils over bedrock. Soil survey information from the Soil and Water

Conservation District will indicate these conditions.

htt ://websoilsurve .nrcs.usda.gov/app/


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and desired function.

Notice any safety issues.

Attractive viewing spot?

Pick a low flat s ot. Stee slo es are not recommended.


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Depth of pooling space depends on area

slope, and

available

space.

Slo es De th *Slope = rise

12% not recommendedThis refers to the depth of the ponding area (top of berm to soil base just below mulch layer).


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Make a

soil ball,

squeeze test it.

an a crum es Silt ribbon 23 & very

smooth Cla ribbon >3 smooth

Soil Test from WOW! The Wonders of Wetlands Environmental Concern


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1. Dig a small hole to a depth of 12

2. Saturate with water by filling and allowing to soak in.

3. Refill with water and measure how long it

4. If water soaks in within 48 hours = good

.5. If water takes much longer than 48 hours to sappear, so s may nee o e remove an

amended.


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Size should be relative to the amount of runoff

expected, soil type and the slope of the land. A 2030% rule can often be followed. (Garden = roughly 2030% of drainage area)

o e erm ne e s ze, n a ou : Drainage area/Watershed

Garden depth/Pooling area Size of available space Soil type/Infiltration rate


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Determine where water is coming from (roof

tops, across

lawns

or

driveways). And, how much of each surface drains toward

the garden?

Measure the area of the impervious surfaces that

will drain into your garden (roof, pavement)Do the same for the ervious sources rass .


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If you have any trouble deciding where runoff

ows, watc a ra n storm n t e area. Base measurements on a 1 in. storm event to

account for a typical amount of rain.

Make sure that our arden can contain the water that will come from its watershed durin a storm of that size.


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Rain Garden Size: Distance of < 10 ft. > 30 ft.

1. ___ = Distance from impervious surfacesSoil type 5" 6 7" 8" All Depths

Sand 0.19 0.15 0.08 0.03

Silt 0.34 0.25 0.16 0.06 10

2. ___ = Soil type

3. ___ = Drainage area

Clay 0.43 0.32 0.20 0.10

Size factor to multiply by Drainage Area to get garden area based on Soil type.

Silt

500 sq ft

4. ___ = Depth (from previous chart)

*Drainage area xsizing factor = rain

6

5. ___ = Size factor (see side chart)

gar en area

Garden = 10 x 12.5

0.25

6. ___ = Rain garden area* 125sq ft


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Crescent, teardrop and bean shapes are

common but

not

required.

Shape should work with and enhance existing features and with your wishes.

and fits the landscape.

perpendicular to the runoff flow.


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Desi nBegin with the

as cs.

Note where drainage

comes in and will go out.

Mark out swales, deep areas and berms.

http://hostedmedia.reimanpub.com/TFH/Step-By-Step/FH07APR_RAIGAR_02.JPG


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Designs should have:

Temporary Ponding Area

Overflow Considerations Outlet(s)

An indication of topography changes

n a rac ve ayou


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on ng rea6-12

Mulch 2-3

Loose soils(Tilled or

6-24

Gravel(if needed)

6-12


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Call before you dig! www.missutility.net

Know your site to avoid surprises.


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Volume = Surface Area x Depth in feetxamp e: o mu c nee e or sq t gar en

125 sq ft x (2/12 ft) = 20.8 cu ft .

Large orders will need to be in Cubic yards (= Cu ft/27ft)

(A yard = 3 so a cubic yard = 27)

Bulk materials are usuall more cost effective but for a small garden, bags might be easier to maneuver.


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to a level depth with gradual slopes.


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.

Often excavated material can be used to

create a berm or be used for other projects.

digging easier (or rent a sod cutter).


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If using heavy machinery, try to avoid driving

over t e area e ng excavate , use mac nes that can dig from the edge.

Till the surface area 612 down if possible to

create loosest soils possible. If existing soils do not

, deeper and refill with

.


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Determine which plants will do best in which locations within the garden.

http://www.wetland.org/nursery_home.htm


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Sun

Soil

Salinit


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Place plants according to their height range.

In general

avoid

large

trees.

Think about year round

interest: color, flowering

winter persistence, textures,.


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appropriateness, availability, price, and the .

Learn to compare plant characteristicshttp://www.nps.gov/plants/pubs/Chesapeake/toc.htm


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www.gardening.cornell.edu/homegardening/scene5d2e.html


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Find the rate of spread for your plant: Slow,

, ,

Use this equation do determine the number o p ants:

(area for that plant) Ex: (30 sq ft)= 13 or 14 plants(1.5) 2

(rate of spread) 2 In general space herbaceous plants at least1 apart and give shrubs at least 3

Order plants as soon as possible.


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Plantin Plants should be spaced according to their rate

of s read, enerall 12 feet a art forbs .

.

organic compost to help the plants establish.


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with groups,

planted as to

and work .

Avoid compaction .


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A Water Source

Loose Soils ppropr a e an s Mulch

ver ow cons erat ons


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a n ar ens s ou e ow ma n enance.

watered to get established, but once the

their water from precipitation.

The garden will need periodic weeding and might call for mulch once twice per year.

Check inflow and outflow areas periodically.


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easona y: Gardens will need new mulch about once or

twice per year (mulch should not touch

plants). Early spring is a good time to cut back

.


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Signs can be a fun and educational addition to your garden.


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Mosquitoes & Other insects Maintenance Weedin Permits/ Miss Utilities

. Questions?


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These brochuresare available online

. .nursery_news.htm


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Online Resources (Design) www.rainscaping.org/_ccLib/attachments/pages/Rain+

Gardens+Across+MD screen. df _

www.fairfaxcounty.gov/nvswcd/raingardenbk.pdf p: nr.w .gov runo rg rgmanua .p

http://learningstore.uwex.edu/pdf/GWQ034.pdf

www.deq.state.ok.us/pubs/lpd/edibleappends/raingardens.pdf

www.raingardens.org/docs/Create_A_Rain_Garden.pdf . . . .


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Online Resources (Plants) www.wetland.org/nursery_news.htm

. . _

ownloads/PlantListPGDEP.pdf www. ow mpac eve opmen .org ra ngar en_ es gn

ownloads/PlantListDelawarDNRECMay2006.pdf

www. ow mpact eve opment.org ra ngar en_ es gnownloads/BayscapeBeneficialPlantsList.pdf

www.lowimpactdevelopment.org/raingarden_design/downloads/MD CoastalPlain 1.pdf


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Education Director/ School ard Habitat S ecialist

Senior Educator/SchoolyardHabitat Coordinator

Environmental Concern

dir.educate wetland.or

North Bay [email protected]

410 745 9620 443.206.3064www.northbayadventure.com


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Get facilities/maintenance on board early See approva s nee e

Involve as

many

students

as

possible

Educate!!!

Fund raising a ntenance p an espec a y summer

Documents

Maryland; Creating a Rain Garden from Start to Finish - Green Schools