Mary Robinson -- Human Rights and Ethical Globalization

7/30/2019 Mary Robinson -- Human Rights and Ethical Globalization

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Akji L) N|km Ei}rervrf ck| Wfjmf # Av}remf 2

Akji L) N|km Be}rei`ve}dfb Ofmrv|f ]f|ef} 3

Lek`|jwdu kc Hj|u \klei}ki :7

Eirf|sefp perd Hj|u \klei}ki lu Oeoej Sfoj}zvfq : lvr oenf j ivhlf| kc hfikc rdjr `fif|jreki/ df bebir nikp dkp rk rjon rk j mdeob) ]k df rjonfb rk hf

j} ji jbvorjib er pj} eirktemjrei`) Pf pkvob djsf rdf}f oki` be}mv}}eki}jlkvr av}remf jib jlkvr dkp ehwk|rjir ojp mkvob lf lfmjv}f er pj} j }k|r kceic|j}r|vmrv|f) Jib rdfi Eb `k dkhf rk hu wj|fir} jib rdfu pkvob r|fjr hfoenf j rfi(ufj|(kob) Lvr E beb ceib rdk}f mkisf|}jreki} sf|u eicovfirejo)

OS1 ]k beb ukv jmrvjoou wj| remewjrf; Beb df }dj|f perd ukv rdf mj}f} df pj}

djiboei`;

H\1 Uf}) E rdein df v}fb de} ftwf|efimf rk rjon hk|f pebfou jlkvr e}}vf} kcav}remf jib jlkvr hu wk}}elof cvrv|f/ frm) Jib df pj} sf|u ckmv}fb ki e}}vf}kc fzvjoeru) Df pj} zverf ji kob(cj}dekifb ojpuf|) Rdf|f pj} rdjr |fjoou }r|ki`}fi}f kc av}remf jib cje|if}}/ jib djsei` rdf mkv|j`f rk rjnf mj}f}) Df kcrfi}wknf jlkvr mkv|j`f)

OS1 E vibf|}rjib df pj} jmrvjoou |fw|f}firei` wkk| rfijir} jr kif wkeir;

H\1 Uf}/ rdjr} |e`dr)

OS1 Jib rdk}f j|f ikr wkwvoj| mjv}f})

H\1 Ik/ ikr |fjoou) ]k df beb djsf j `|fjr eicovfimf) Jib pdeof E pj} }errei`jib rjonei` perd deh/ lkkn} pkvob j||esf jr rdf bkk| lfmjv}f df pj} j `|fjr|fjbf|) Rdf}f pkvob lf lkkn} rdjr df pkvob djsf k|bf|fb) Rdjr l|kv`dr dkhfrk hf rdf ehwk|rjimf kc rdf oel|j|u jib kc |fjbei`) E pj} sf|u eicovfimfb eibeccf|fir pju})

:=: er mkvob èsf rdjr jmnikpofb`fhfirjib |fmkìereki)

OS1 Rdf|f }ffh} rk lf/ jr ofj}r e i rde} mkvir|u/ j ojmn kc pkhfi wj|remewjrei`

ei wkoeremjo kccemf} jib de`d ofsfo wk}ereki}) Pdjr jbsemf pkvob ukv èsf

pkhfi pdk pe}d rk wv|}vf j wkoeremjo mj|ff|; Pdjr e} er oenf;

H\1 E pkvob sf|u hvmd fimkv|j`f pkhfi rk lfmkhf hk|f eiskosfb> }kmefruiffb} rdjr) Pf iffb j `kkb ljojimf/ lvr er dfow} rk |fmkìeqf rdjr er mji lf

zverf rkv`d jib rdjr rdf|f e} }reoo ji vicje| }dj|ei` kc lv|bfi}k|/ ikr }khvmd lv|bfi}/ lvr dkhf |f}wki}eleoeref}) ]k lfei` eiskosfb wkoeremjoou mjihfji oki` dkv|}/ j okr kc r|jsfo/ jib j okr kc lfei` jsjeojlof jr j wkoeremjo kccemfck| mki}rervfir}) Lvr er e} |fjoou ehwk|rjir rdjr hk|f jib hk|f pkhfi lfmkhfeiskosfb jib rdjr kv| ofè}ojrv|f} j|f hk|f ljojimfb) E }jp rdjr hu}foc pdfi E}rj|rfb) E rdein rdf|f pf|f }et pkhfi ei rdf E|e}d ]fijrf) Jib pdfi er pfir vwrk jlkvr := kc rdf 37/ pf pf|f j m|eremjo hj}} ei j beccf|fir pju) Jib rdf okpf|dkv}f jo}k djb hk|f pkhfi/ }k pf pf|f jlof rk w|ek|ereqf e}}vf} oenf sekofimfj`jei}r pkhfi/ |fck|h kc rdf E|e}d |jwf ojp/ cjheou wojiiei` jib rdf}f }k|r}kc j|fj} rdjr pf|f |fjoou sf|u ehwk|rjir)

OS1 Bk ukv rdein er `kf} perd rdf rf||erk|u rdjr ec ukv bk `fr fofmrfb rk

wkoeremjo kccemf/ er ehwoef} rdjr cjheou sjovf}/ jrrfireki rk ukv| mdeob|fi jib

rk ukv| dv}ljib pkvob djsf rk lf }jm|ecemfb rk }khf ftrfir;

H\1 Ik/ E bkir) E jmnikpofb`f rdjr er} j pkibf|cvo dfow rk djsf j sf|u}vwwk|resf }wkv}f)

OS1 Jib ukv djsf rdjr;

H\1 E bk) Lvr E bkir lfoefsf rdjr rdf pju rk bk er e} rk ifòfmr k| }khfdkpvibf|sjovf cjheou oecf) Ki rdf mkir|j|u/ er hju hfji rdjr ukv djsf rk mkisfurk ukv| mdeob|fij} E mf|rjeiou r|efb rk mkisfu rk heifrdjr rdfu j|f hk}rehwk|rjir/ lvr rdjr ukv pkir ifmf}}j|eou lf rdf|f joo rdf rehf> lvr ec fsf| rdfuiffb ukv/ ukvoo lf rdf|f ck| rdfh) E rdein rdjr} rdf hk}r ehwk|rjir hf}}j`f)

OS1 E mjiikr rdein kc j `|fjrf| |kof hkbfo rdjr ukv mkvob djsf rdji j

hkrdf| pdk e} rdf w|f}ebfir kc rdf mkvir|u) Djsf ukv eicovfimfb ukv|

mdeob|fi rk wv|}vf wkoeremjo kccemf; Pdjr j|f rdfu bkei` ikp;

H\1 Ei cjmr/ kv| rd|ff ukvi` pf|f sf|u w|esjrf jib }du) Er pj} zverf j }jm|ecemfei j pju rk lf hk|f wvloem lfmjv}f E pj} `kei` ck|pj|b ck| fofmreki j}w|f}ebfir) Ck| rdf ce|}r rehf rdfu pf|f wdkrk`|jwdfb ei j ifp}wjwf| jib ukvmkvob rfoo lu rdfe| ikr(}heoei` cjmf} rdfu pf|fir sf|u djwwu) ]k fsfi pdeof E

pj} w|f}ebfir pf nfwr kv| cjheou oecf j} w|esjrf j} wk}}elof/ pdemd ukv mji bk eiE|fojib) Jib kv| ukvi` wv|}vfb rdfe| kpi mj|ff|} ei j pju rdjr Eh sf|u djwwujlkvr jib Eh sf|u w|kvb kc rdfh) Kv| bjv`drf| e} j ojpuf| jib }df} ikpw|kbvmfb rpk oksfou `|jibmdeob|fisf|u ukvi` `|jibmdeob|fi) Kv| kobf}r }kie} ji j|mderfmr jib dj} hj||efb j ]wjie}d j|mderfmr) Jib kv| ukvi`f}r }ki e}pk|nei` ei ]kvrd Jc|emj ei j rkpi}dew ki DES jib JEB]) Df} kiou


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pj} wf|djw} hk|f |fojtfb jlkvr oecf rdji E jh) Eh sf|u mkhherrfb jib sf|ub|esfi/ E }vwwk}f/ lu ji v|`fir }fi}f kc j iffb rk djsf j cje|f| pk|ob) Df pj}j wkoeremjo mj|rkkie}r j} pfoo j} j ojpuf| ei de} rehf/ jib }k df pkvob dfow v}joo rk ikr lf rkk }f|ekv})

OS1 Pf|f ukv fsf| rdf }vlafmr kc jiu kc de} mj|rkki};

H\1 E pj} eibffb/ uf}> jo}k/ rdf }vlafmr kc de} m|eremjo skemf/ ei j sf|u dfowcvopju) Df pkvob rfoo hf rdf rdei`} E iffbfb rk dfj| lvr bebir pjir rk dfj|) Jibdf pkvob ei}e}r ki hf dfj|ei` deh jib rdjr pj} jopju} sf|u sjovjlof)

OS1 H}) \klei}ki/ ukv djsf jmmkhwoe}dfb }k hvmd ei ukv| w|kcf}}ekijo

oecf) Ukv djsf lffi j ojpuf|/ ukvsf jbskmjrfb ojibhj|n mj}f}/ ukvsf lffi

j w|kcf}}k| kc ojp jr j sf|u ukvi` j`f/ j }fijrk| ck| er} rdf dvhji cjmf kc òkljoeqjreki) Lvr E av}r }ffh rk lf sf|u ck|rvijrf)E bkir }ff hu oecf j} sf|u }vmmf}}cvo) E }ff er j} lveobei` lokmn} kc cv|rdf|nikpofb`f) Jib jmrvjo ou/ Esf hjbf j okr kc he}rjnf}/ k| djsfir bkif j} pfooj} E pkvob oenf rk djsf bkif ei hjiu j|fj})

OS1 Ukv djsf }rjrfb ei }khf kc ukv| }wffmdf} rdjr lfei` j pkhji mji

jmrvjoou lf ji jbsjirj`f) Pkhfi l|ei` j ifp wf|}wfmresf/ skemf jib se}eki

eirk rdf wkoeremjo j|fij) Bk ukv cffo rdjr er e} lfmjv}f kc rdk}f zvjoeref} jib

rde} viezvf se}eki rdjr ukv l|kv`dr rk rdf w|f}ebfimu rdjr ukv fiaku rdf

de`df}r wkwvoj|eru |jrf kc jiu w|f}ebfir;

H\1 Pfoo/ mf|rjeiou E beb cffo rdjr er pj} ehwk|rjir rk hf/ jib ehwk|rjirrk mkisfu/ rdjr E cfor E djb rdf }r|fi`rd kc lfei` j pkhjirdf ce| }r rk lffofmrfb w|f}ebfir/ jib ikp Eh }vmmffbfb lu jikrdf| pkhji w|f}ebfir/ Hj|uHmJoff}f)= Jib E rdein rdf wkwvoj|eru rk }khf ftrfir }rfh} c|kh rdf cjmr rdjrer pj} j iki(ftfmvresf w|f}ebfimu) E djb bfsfokwfb ji kccemf pdemd lfck|f rdjrdjb ikr lffi |f`j|bfb j} wj|remvoj|ou |fofsjir) Er pj} vw rdf|f/ lvr ikr sf|u|fofsjir rk wfkwof} oesf}) Jib E pj} jlof rk hjnf er hk|f |fofsjir) Rdjr pj}pdu hu pk|n `jeifb j okr kc }vwwk|r)

OS1 E pkvob oenf rk ikp j}n ukv }khf zvf}reki} jlkvr pkhfi} |e`dr}) Kif

kc rdf bkpi }ebf}/ k| dj|h}/ kc òkljoeqjreki/ dj} lffi rdf eim|fj}f kc

dvhji r|jccem joo ksf| rdf pk|ob) Er e} ikp mjoofb j hkbf|i ck|h kc }ojsf|u

rdjr jccfmr} w|ehj|eou pkhfi jib mdeob|fi) Er} j leooeki bkooj| eibv}r|u) Bkukv cffo rdjr rdf rd|fjr kc wkrfirejo fmkikhem }jimr eki} e } ji fc cfmresf rkko

ei bfjoei` perd rde} òkljo dvhji |e`dr} w|klofh; Pdjr pkvob lf j lfrrf|

eimfiresf ck| mkvir|ef} rk hjnf fsf|u wk}}elof fcck|r ei rdf w|fsfireki/

w|krfmreki jib rdfi w|k}fmvreki kc rdf r|jccemnf|};

H\1 Mf|rjeiou pdfi E lfmjhf rdf De`d Mkhhe}}ekif| kc Dvhji \e`dr}/E pj} rjnfi jljmn jr rdf ftrfir kc r|jccemnei`) E hfr è|o} j} ukvi` j} }fsfi/fe`dr/ k| ieif ei mkvir|ef} oenf Mjhlkbej jib wj|r} kc Jc|emj pdk djb lffi

= Hj|u HmJoff}f dj} lffi W|f}ebfir kc E|fojib }eimf :: Iksfhlf| :550)


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jib Mkovhlej Viesf|}eru ei Ifp Uk|n/pdf|f pf oein kv| pk|n perd rdf pk|n kc Afcc|fu ]jmd} ki rdf HeoofiievhW|kafmr jib rdf Fj|rd Ei}rervrf) Jib rdf rde|b wj|rif| e} rdf Eirf|ijrekijoMkvimeo ki Dvhji \e`dr} Wkoemu ei @fifsj)5

Pf j|f }ffei` }khf |fjo w|k`|f}} ei }djwei` bfljrf} jib mdji`ei` rdf rf|h} kcbfljrf) Ck| ftjhwof/ E pj} ei Mjwf Rkpi fj|oef| rde} hkird ck| j }fheij| kihe`|jreki bfsfokwhfir kc dvhji |e`dr} ck| }kvrdf|i Jc|emj/ jib er pj} rdf ce|}rrehf rdjr rdk}f j|kvib rdf rjlof |fw|f}firfb dvhji |e`dr}/ dfjord jib rdf dkhfjccje|} kc mkvir|ef} oenf ]kvrd Jc|emj/ V`jibj/ Of}krdk jib krdf| ife`dlk|ei`

mkvir|ef}) Jib rdfusf ifsf| okknfb jr he`|jreki j} j bfsfokwhfir e}}vf> erdjb lffi ji e}}vf kc }fmv|eru k| hkleoeru) Rdf w|klofh} kc vibkmvhfirfbhe`|jir} pf|f ifsf| |fjoou rdf ckmv}/ lvr rdfu lf`ji rk rjon jlkvr rdf b|jei kvrkc rdk}f mkvir|ef}1 dfjord pk|nf|}/ bkmrk|}/ iv|}f}) Jib }k/ lu djsei` j dvhji|e`dr} jww|kjmd ukv mji eicovfimf bfljrf} jib rdeinei`) Jib ki rdf dfjord }ebf/f}wfmejoou ei rdf mkirftr kc DES jib JEB]/ pf|f rjmnoei` e}}vf} kc }re`hj jibbe}m|eheijreki/ jib pk|nei` perd wj|oejhfirj|eji} rk mdji`f rdf ojp} ei k|bf|rk fhwkpf| pkhfi) Rdjr} lffi jl}kovrfou ifmf}}j|u lfmjv}f 37 wf|mfir kcrdk}f eicfmrfb ei }vl(]jdj|ji Jc|emj j|f pkhfi/ jib `e|o} lfrpffi rdf j`f} kc

:6 jib lvr mk|wk|jreki}/ lfmjv}f rdfu djsfjbberekijo wkpf|/ djsf j |f}wki}eleoeru perdei rdfe| }wdf|f kc eicovfimf) Jibj okr kc pk|n e} lfei` bkif ikp rk bfceif pdjr rdf jww|kw|ejrf |f}wki}eleoerukc oj|`f mk|wk|jreki} e}/ jib E djsf }vwwk|rfb pk|n rdjr pj} mj||efb kvr lu rdf]vl(Mkhhe}}eki ki rdf W|khkreki jib W|krfmreki kcX Dvhji \e`dr} kc rdfVierfb Ijreki} rk b|jcr pdjr j|f mjoofb rdf V)I) Ik|h} jib \f}wki}eleoeref}kc R|ji}ijrekijo Mk|wk|jreki} jib Krdf| Lv}eif}} ^Firf|w|e}f}X) Rdfu j|flfei` bfljrfb mv||firou ei rdf Mkhhe}}eki ki Dvhji \e`dr})

Hu ck|hf| kccemf beb j }rvbu bv|ei` rdf oj}r ufj| kc rdf}f ik|h}/ rk`frdf| perdkrdf| }rjibj|b} kc mk|wk|jrf |f}wki}eleoe ru/ oenf rdf KFMB ^K|`jieqjreki ck|Fmkikhem Mk(Kwf|jreki jib BfsfokwhfirX `vebfoeif} jib krdf| hfj}v|f}) Emdje| j Lv}eif}} Ofjbf|} Eierejresf ki Dvhji \e`dr} pdemd eiskosf} rfi hjak|mk|wk|jreki}1 Dfpofrr(Wjmnj|b/ @jw/ Lj|moju} Ljin/ JLL/ Iksj|re}/ ]rjrkeojib krdf|}/ jib rdfu j|f w|fwj|fb j} mk|wk|jreki} rk rf}r jib w|jmremf rdf}fik|h} jib }ff pdjr rdf ehwoemjreki} j|f) Rdfe| ftwf|efimf e} sf|u wk}eresf/ }kpf djsf j neib kc lv}eif}} rf}r mj}f `kei` ki) Jib rdf |fj}ki Eh pk|nei`mok}fou perd lv}eif}} ei rde} e} lfmjv}f E jh jpj|f rdjr lv}eif}} mji ferdf| lfj ck|mf ck| `kkb k| er mji }f|ekv}ou sekojrf dvhji |e`dr}/ }k er} ifmf}}j|u rk

5 ]ff rdf pfl}erf kc rdf Frdemjo @okljoeqjreki Eierejresf ei \fojrfb \f}kv|mf} ck| cv|rdf| eick|hjrekiki F@E} wj|rif|})


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=7 =:

rdf cjmr rdjr rdfu djb ftrfibfb rdfe| }fmv|eru ojp ei j pju rdjr mojhwfb bkpiki rdf wkoeremjo kwwk}ereki kc c|ffbkh kc rdf w|f}}/ rdfu pkvob }ju/ Pfoo/bkir ukv nikp rdf }rjibj|b} djsf mdji`fb; E pkvob }ju/ Ik/ rdfu djsf ikr)Eh ei mdj|`f jib rdf }rjibj|b} |fhjei rdf }jhf) Jib rdfu }jeb/ Pfoo/ okknjr rdf Vierfb ]rjrf})

E pj} jpj|f rdjr er pj} esei` |e}f rk }r|ki` m|ereme}h kc hf lu mf|rjei hfhlf|}kc rdf Lv}d Jbheie}r|jreki) Jib E djb j`|ffb rk }f|sf j cv|rdf| ufj| jcrf|hu ce|}r rf|h/ lfmjv}f pdfi E eierejoou }jeb E pkvobir }f|sf j }fmkib rf|h/rdf|f pj} zverf ji kvrm|u c|kh `|j}}|kkr} dvhji |e`dr} wfkwof) ]k hu cjheouj`|ffb rdjr E pkvob }f|sf jikrdf| ufj|/ lvr bv|ei` rdjr ufj| rdf rf||elof jrrjmn}kmmv||fb) ]k E eibemjrfb rk rdf ]fm|frj|u(@fif|jo rdjr E pkvob lf w|fwj|fb/ ecifmf}}j|u/ rk }rju ki ck| rdf cv|rdf| rd|ff ufj|}> ei krdf| pk|b}/ mkhwofrf rdjr}fmkib rf|h) Er pj} mofj| rdjr dvhji |e`dr} pf|f vibf| }ef`f/ vibf| jrrjmn/ jibpdfi E mkisfufb rdjr/ rdf ]fm|frj|u(@fif|jo mki}vorfb hf rdjr er pj} mofj| rdjrrdf Vierfb ]rjrf} pkvob ikr }vwwk|r er) E mkhwofrfb rdf cesf ufj|} jib djibfbksf|ei j sf|u }vwwk|resf pjurk ]f|`ek Sefe|j bf Hfook/ pdk pj} }jbouneoofb }vl}fzvfirou ei E|jz) Eh sf|u okujo rk rdf kccemf jib sf|u }vwwk|resf kcrdf |kof kc rdf Vierfb Ijreki} ei dvhji |e`dr}) E pj} w|fwj|fb rk }wfjn kvrjib m|eremeqf rdf oj|`f}r/ hk}r wkpf|cvo mkvir|u/ jib E pj} jlof rk }vwwk|r rdfeirf`|eru kc eirf|ijrekijo dvhji |e`dr}rk hf rdjr pj} rdf hk}r ehwk|rjirrdei`) Er} j }u}rfh pdf|f jr ofj}r rdf De`d Mkhhe}}ekif| mjiikr djsf bkvlof}rjibj|b}) Jib E cffo rdjr pj} sf|u ehwk|rjir)

OS1 Pfoo/ mf|rjeiou ukv djsf rk lf j |kof hkbfo kc eirf`|eru jib w|eimewof})

H\1 Rdf|f e} ikrdei` hk|f ehwk|rjir) Rdjr} pdu E dkwf rdjr rdf Vierfb]rjrf} peoo `fr ljmn rk er} wk}ereki kc lfei` j ofjbf| ei rde} j|fj) E jrrfibfbj sf|u ehwk|rjir mkicf|fimf ei Hjb|eb lfmjv}f Eh Semf W|f}ebfir kc rdfMovl kc Hjb|eb/ pdemd e} rdf movl kc ck|hf| w|f}ebfir} jib w|ehf heie}rf|})Rdfu dk}rfb j hjak| mkicf|fimf eiskosei` j ivhlf| kc mv||fir dfjb} kc }rjrfjib `ksf|ihfir/ jib rdf ifp Jrrk|ifu @fif|jo/ H|) ^Jolf|rkX @kiqjof} pj}rdf|f ki lfdjoc kc rdf Vierfb ]rjrf}) Er eiskosfb jlkvr :/


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=< ==

jmnikpofb`fb) E rdein j Dvhji \e`dr} Mkvimeo rdjr e} }f|ekv}ou }ffi j} jofjb lkbu ki dvhji |e`dr} pkvob lf j ` |fjr jbsjimf) Jib jikrdf| wj|r kc rdf|fwk|r |fmkhhfib} hvmd hk|f |f}kv|mf} rk rdf Kccemf kc De`d Mkhhe}}ekif|)E djb lffi okknei` ck| rdjr bv|ei` hu cesf ufj|}/ jib E dkwf rdjr hu ikp}vmmf}}k|/ Av}remf Okve}f J|lkv|/ peoo lfifcer c|kh lfrrf| |f}kv|mf} jib lfrrf|mjwjmeru perdei rdf kccemf)

OS1 ]k ukv cffo er peoo lf j wk}eresf mdji`f;

H\1 E rdein er peoo lf sf|u wk}eresf)

OS1 Rkbju/ rdf V)]) j`|ffb ck| rdf EMM Êirf|ijrekijo M|eheijo Mkv|rX

rk djibof rdf mj}f kc Bj|cv| ei ]vbji) Bk ukv rdein rdf V)]) peoo mkhf

j|kvib> pdjr bk ukv rdein er peoo rjnf ck| rdf V)]) rk |jrecu rdf \khf

]rjrvrf;:=

H\1 E rdein er} sf|u ehwk|rjir rdjr rdf f`|fèkv} dvhji |e`dr} sekojreki} eiBj|cv| ikp lf |fcf||fb rk rdf Eirf|ijrekijo M|eheijo Mkv|r) Rdjr e} jl}kovrfouserjo lfmjv}f er |fjoou peoo djsf ji ehwjmr ki rdf `|kvib jib hju }jsf j ivhlf|kc oesf}) Jib E dkwf rdjr rde} }rfw peoo l|ei` dkhf rk rdf Vierfb ]rjrf} rdfehwk|rjimf kc rdf Eirf|ijrekijo M|eheijo Mkv|r) J} De`d Mkhhe}}ekif|/ Epfomkhfb er j} rdf `|fjr dvhji |e`dr} jbsjimf kc rde} mfirv|u)

Pf djsf ji Eirf|ijrekijo M|eheijo Mkv|r }k rdjr rdf pk|}r bf}wkr} jib ru|jir}nikp rdjr rdfu mji |vi/ lvr rdfu mjiikr debf/ jib rdjr vorehjrfou/ rdfu hv}r lfl|kv`dr lfck|f rdf Eirf|ijrekijo M|eheijo Mkv|r) ]k E dkwf rdjr rde} peoo mjv}fj |f(rdein/ jib rdjr er peoo lf jww|fmejrfb rdjr rdf|f j|f }jcf`vj|b} rdjr pkvobw|fsfir }khf kc rdf mkimf|i} kc rdf Vierfb ]rjrf}/ mkimf|i} rdjr rdk}f }f|seièi rdfe| j|hef} pkvob lf l|kv`dr lfck|f rdf Eirf|ijrekijo M|eheijo Mkv|r) Er}j mkv|r kc }fmkib |f}k|r/ }k ec rdf mkv|r} kc rdf mkvir|u j|f pk|nei`/ rdfi rdfudjsf ikrdei` rk cfj| c|kh rdf Eirf|ijrekijo M|eheijo Mkv|r)

OS1 Av}r l|efcou/ W|f}ebfir \klei}ki/ E lfoefsf jlkvr j ufj| j`k ukv lfmjhf

j `|jibhkrdf|;

H\1 Rdjr} |e`dr) Esf jmrvjoou lfmkhf j `|jibhkrdf| ck| j }fmkib rehf)

OS1 Ukv }jeb ei kif eirf|sefp rdjr er pj} rdf le|rd kc ukv| `|jibmdeob rdjr

|fneibofb rdf ce|f ei ukv rk hjnf rde} j lfrrf| pk|ob) Pdjr neib kc pk|ob

pkvob ukv oenf rk djib bkpi rk ukv| `|jibbjv`drf|;

H\1 E pj} jo|fjbu sf|u mkhherrfb rk r|uei` rk djsf j cje|f| pk|ob/ lvr pdfihu `|jib}ki pj} lk|irdf `|jibbjv`drf| pj} lk|i fj|oef| rde} hkirdEpj} }v|w|e}fb eirf|ijoou jr dkp ce|fb vw E lfmjhf) E rdein er} rdjr v|`fimu) Er}ljmn rk pdjr E pj} }juei` fj|oef|1 rk hf er} eirkof|jlof rdjr =7/777 mdeob|fibef fsf|u bju viifmf}}j|eou) Esf }ffi mdeob|fi bef kc dvi`f| ei rdf j|h} kcrdfe| wj|fir} jr cffbei` }rjreki}) Esf }ffi mdeob|fi bef kc bej||dfj ei |fcv`ffmjhw}) Esf }ffi pkhfi bef ei mdeoble|rd lfmjv}f rdf|f e} iklkbu rdf|f rk bkrdf }ehwof}r rdei`} rk w|fsfir rdf viifmf}}j|u bfjrd kc j ukvi` hkrdf|) E rdeinrdjr cffoei` ji eiif| aku jr hu kpi `|jibmdeob|fi/ er} ikr }k hvmd rdjr rdfmkhherhfir e} |fneibofb/ lvr er} oenf j }vwf|mdj|`f)

Rdf pk|ob E pjir rk }ff e} sf|u }ehwof) Er} j cje|f| pk|ob) Er} j pk|ob pdf|fHkqjhlezvf mji r|jbf mkhwfreresfou ei j w|kbvmr er e} mkhwfreresf ei/ oenf}v`j|) Jib rdjr rdk}f pkhfi E }jp ei rdf seooj`f peoo djsf rdf mj}d rk lvu rdflj|f ifmf}}eref} ck| rdfe| cjheoef}/ jib pkir lf bfwfibfir ki rdf bfsfokwhfir

mvorv|f kc |emdf| mkvir|ef} w|ksebei` bfsfokwhfir jeb) Rdjr peoo lf iffbfbck| jpdeof/ lvr pf iffb j pk|ob pdf|f rdf se}eki kc Fofjik| \kk}fsfor e}cvoceoofb jib dvhji |e`dr} bk hjrrf| ei }hjoo wojmf}/ mok}f rk dkhf):2Jib rdfu hjrrf| jo}k ei rdf lkj|b|kkh} kc hjak| ijrekijo jib r|ji}ijrekijomk|wk|jreki}/ ei rdf mk||ebk|} kc rdf V)I)/ rdf Pk|ob Ljin/ jib fsf|updf|frdjr e} wj|r kc j mvorv|f jib kc rdf


18/40

=6

ikr oenf lfei` rkob pdjr rk bk) Jib ufr jikrdf| |fhfhlf|fb rdjr }df pj} }k`kkb jr fsf|urdei`/ er v}fb rk b|esf v} hjb) Perd rdjr neib kc w|kceof/ er e}ik pkibf| rdjr 077(}khf wfkwof djsf cokmnfb df|f rkie`dr rk dfj| df|)

Ki j hk|f }f|ekv} ikrf/ rdf|f e} j wkfh lu W|f}ebfir \klei}ki} c|efib/wkfr jib }mdkoj| Fjsji Lkojib/ pdemd kccf|} v} ji ei}e`dr E rdein/ eirk rdfbffwf| ojuf|} kc df| mdj|jmrf| jib df| vi}pf|sei` mkhherhfir rk dvhji|e`dr}) Er e} firerofb/ Rdf Fhe`|jir E|e}d1

Oenf keo ojhw}/ pf wvr rdfh kvr rdf ljmn

kc kv| dkv}f}/ kc kv| heib}) Pf djb oe`dr}

lfrrf| rdji/ ifpf| rdji jib rdfi

j rehf mjhf/ rde} rehf jib ikp

pf iffb rdfh) Rdfe| b|fjb/ hjnf}decr ftjhwof1

rdfu pkvob djsf rd|esfb ki kv| ifmf}}eref})

Pdjr rdfu }v|sesfb pf mkvob ikr fsfi oesf)

Lu rdfe| oe`dr} ikp er e} rehf rk

ehjèif dkp rdfu }rkkb rdf|f/ pdjr rdfu }rkkb perd/

rdjr rdfe| wk}}f}}eki} hju lfmkhf kv| wkpf|1

Mj|blkj|b) E|ki) Rdfe| dj|b}dew} wj|mfofb ei rdfh)

Wjrefimf) Ck|rervbf) Oki`(}vccf|ei`

ei rdf l|ve}f(mkok|fb bv}n kc rdf Ifp Pk|ob)

Jib joo rdf kob }ki`}) Jib ikrdei` rk ok}f):6

ikp er e} rehf rk+ehjèif dkp rdfu }rkkb rdf|f/ pdjr rdfu }rkkbperd/+rdjr rdfe| wk}}f}}eki} hju lfmkhf kv| wkpf|) E mjiikr dfow lvr rdein

=2

EIR\KBVMREKI LU ]E]RF\ LJ\LJ\J ZVEII/BE\FMRK\ KC RDF MFIRF\ CK\ MD\E]REJI]WE\ERVJOERU/ VIESF\]ERU KC ]JI BEF@K

@kkb fsfiei`) E kpf rdf dkik|kc eir|kbvmei` W|f}ebfir Hj|u\klei}ki rkie`dr rk j mkiifmrekirdjr wf|djw} hk}r kc ukv j|f ikr

jpj|f kc) Ei df| fj|oef}r ufj|}/W|f}ebfir \klei}ki be}wojufb rdf`kkb }fi}f/ se}eki jib pe}bkh rdjrmdj|jmrf|eqf df| |fhj|njlof mj|ff|rkbju1 }df fi|koofb ei j }mdkko |vilu hu mkhhvieru/ rdf \foeèkv}kc rdf ]jm|fb Dfj|r) ]df rfoo} j}rk|u jlkvr dkp }df ckvib df|pju rk kv| }mdkko/ Hkvir Jiseo eiBvloei) ]jibpemdfb lfrpffi rpkkobf| l|krdf|} jib rpk ukvi`f|l|krdf|}j cjmr }df jrr|elvrf} rkdf| fj|ou eirf|f}r ei dvhji |e`dr}rde} rfi(ufj|(kob mkvobir pjer ck|df| iftr le|rdbju/ rk ckookp ei rdfckkr}rfw} kc df| rpk kobf| l|krdf|}/pdk djb `kif kcc rk j lkj|bei` }mdkko) Kif bju j} }df pj} moehlei` j r|ffei df| uj|b/ df| `|jibcjrdf| }wkrrfb df| rd|kv`d rdf `|ffif|u jlksf) Jwwjoofbjr df| viojbuoenf lfdjsek|/ df }dkvrfb ck| df| rk mkhf bkpi) Hj|u pfir vwde`df|) Perdei heivrf} df| `|jibcjrdf| }rkkb lfck|f Hj|u} wj|fir} perd rdffhwdjrem bfmoj|jreki rdjr rdf|f pkvob lf ik pjerei` ck| df| ::rd le|rdbju) ]dfpj} rk `k rk lkj|bei` }mdkko ikp)

Df| moj}}hjrf} nifp df| pfoo) J} rdfu jccfmrekijrfou |fhfhlf|fb df| bju}jr Hkvir Jiseo ki rdf kmmj}eki kc df| 67rd le|rdbju/ }jeb kif/ Hj|u beb

:6 ]ff \fojrfb \f}kv|mf})


19/40

=3 =0

rdjr rde} dvhlof jib |fsf|fir jrrervbf rkpj|b rdf ècr} kc rdk}f rkk kcrfimki}ebf|fb rdf kvrmj}r/ rdf svoif|jlof jib rdf wkk|/ e} rdf }we|er rdjr fijlofbW|f}ebfir \klei}ki rk lf j l|eb`f lveobf| lfrpffi |emd jib ehwksf|e}dfb/lfrpffi `ksf|ihfir} jib mk|wk|jreki} jib rdk}f pdk j|f jccfmrfb lu rdfe|bfme}eki}/ jib lfrpffi besf|}f mvorv|f} rdjr }wji kv| òklf)

J} rdf ce|}r pkhji w|f}ebfir kc E|fojib/ }df se}erfb ikr kiou rdf wkpf|cvoei Bvloei/ lvr rdf wfkwof ei rdf eiif| meru jib ki rdf e}ojib}) Jib }df b|f}}fbei jww|kw|ejrf ceif|u ck| joo/ rk }eìjo df| |f}wfmr ck| fjmd wf|}ki/ ik hjrrf|rdfe| wk}ereki ei oecf) Df| hfhk|u kc rdf `|fjr cjheif }vccf|fb lu df| kpiwfkwof fhwkpf|fb df| rk lf rdf ce|}r dfjb kc }rjrf rk se}er ]khjoej jib\pjibj jcrf| rdfe| m|e}f}/ vibf|oeiei` rdf ehwf|jresf rdjr bfsfokwfb ijreki}wj|rif| perd ijreki} ei be|f iffb) ]df pj} j wfkwof} w|f}ebfir) J} V)I) De`dMkhhe}}ekif| ck| Dvhji \e`dr}/ }df fhlkbefb rdf }we|er ftw|f}}fb lu kif kcdf| mdf|e}dfb hkbfo}/ Fofjik| \kk}fsfor/ pdk }jeb rdjr ec dvhji |e`dr} j|f rkhjrrf|/ rdfu hv}r hjrrf| ei }hjoo wojmf}/ mok}f rk dkhf)

Df| mdj|`f rk eirf`|jrf dvhji |e`dr} mkimf|i} ei joo rdf jmreseref} kc rdfVierfb Ijreki} pkvob lf bjvirei` jr rdf ofj}r pf|f er ikr ck| df| vimkhhkiècr kc }ffei` lfdeib fsf|u w|kafmr jib wkoemu rdf cjmf} kc |fjo wfkwof ei }hjoowojmf}/ mok}f rk dkhf) Jib ikp/ j} rdf ckvibf| jib Be|fmrk| kc \fjoeqei\e`dr}1 rdf Frdemjo @okljoeqjreki Eierejresf/ lf`vi ei jib ceijoou/ rk bfsfokw }wfmecem wkoemu |fmkhhfibjreki}jib }ffn rk mkhhviemjrf ^rdfe|X ceibei`} rd|kv`d nfu bfme}eki hjnf|} rkrdf pebf| wvloem):3

Pdk kc v} pkvob bj|f rk jrrfhwr }vmd j w|k`|jh lvr Hj|u/ pdk oenf jikeo ojhw ei rdf ehj`f|u kc rdf E|e}d fhe`|jir/ lfjh} wjrefimf/ ck|rervbf/jib oki`(}vccf|ei`+ei rdf l|ve}f(mkok|fb bv}n kc kv| pk|obkif pdkdj} ikrdei` rk ok}f) Rkie`dr pf pfomkhf j sjoejir pkhji bf}m|elfb }kwkeìjirou ei rdf Lkkn kc W|ksf|l}) ]df ceib} df| ojlk| pfoo pk|rdpdeof)Df| ojhw bkf} ikr `k kvr jr ie`dr) ]df dkob} kvr df| djib rk rdf wkk|/ }dfkwfi} df| j|h} rk rdf iffbu) ]df e} mokrdfb ei }r|fi`rd jib beìeru) ]df mjiojv`d jr rdf bju} rk mkhf) Pdfi }df kwfi} df| hkvrd/ }df bkf} }k pe}fou)Ki df| rki`vf e} neibou ei}r|vmreki) @esf df| j }dj|f ei pdjr df| djib} djsfpk|nfb ck|/ jib ofr df| pk|n} w|je}f df| jr rdf meru `jrf}) :0 Perd `|jrervbf/`|fjr |f}wfmr jib `fiveif f}rffh/ W|f}ebfir \klei}ki/ pf pfomkhf ukvjr kv| meru `jrf})

:3 Rjnfi c|kh rdf pfl}erf kc F@E) ]ff \fojrfb \f}kv|mf}):0 Wj|jwd|j}f kc W|ksf|l} =:1:7(=:


20/40

Dvhji \e`dr} jibFrdemjo @okljoeqjreki

Hj|u \klei}ki

=4


21/40

27 2:2:

Vieki/ lvr rdfu djb ofj|ifb rdjr rdf Fv|kwfji Vieki/ lfmjv}f kc j PRK^Pk|ob R|jbf K|`jieqjrekiX mj}f j`jei}r rdfh/ pj} `kei` rk mdji`f rdfe| }v`j|hjij`fhfir/ mdji`f rdf }u}rfh kc }vl}ebef} pdemd jo|fjbu djb jccfmrfb rdfpk|ob w|emf) Jib rdfu pf|f wofjbei` ck| hk|f rehf ei k|bf| rk dfow bfsfokwrdf }v`j| mjif jib cjmrk|u w|kbvmreki ifj|lu/ pdemd mkvob lf sf|u mkhwfreresf)Jib er pj} l|kv`dr dkhf rk hf rdjr ei Hkqjhlezvf er} wk}}elof rk w|kbvmfj sf|u `kkb zvjoeru kc }v`j| jr j hvmd okpf| w|emf rdji/ ck| ftjhwof/ ei huijresf E|fojib/ pdf|f rdf }v`j| w|kbvmfb pj} }v`j| lffr/ j} er pj} ei rdf |f}rkc Fv|kwf) E pj} cjmfb perd j sf|u rjièlof |fjoeru1 rdjr Fv|kwf hv}r |fmkìeqfrdjr sf|u wkk| mkvir|ef}/ oenf Hkqjhlezvf/ mji lf mkhwfreresf) Jib pf|f jo}krjonei` jlkvr krdf| mkvir|ef}/ oenf Hjojpe/ Qjhlej jib Frdekwejpdjr pf mjooofj}r(bfsfokwfb mkvir|ef}rdjr mkvob hjnf j lfrrf| oecf rd|kv`d rdf w|kbvmr}rdjr rdfu mji kccf| mkhwfreresfou ei rdf pk|ob hj|nfr/ ec rdfu `fr j cje| mdjimf)

J cfp hkird} fj|oef|/ ei fj|ou Bfmfhlf|/ E pj} ei Hjoe ei Pf}r Jc|emj) Rde}rehf E pj} okknei` jr rdf w|kbvmr kc mkrrki) E pfir j`jei rk j seooj`f jib kvreirk rdf mkrrki cefob}/ pdf|f E }jp pkhfijib er pj} joo pkhfiwemnei`rdf mkrrki1 lfibei` bkpi jib wemnei` er) Jib vibf| rdf }djbf/ k| ikr zverf rdf}djbf kc rdf r|ff/ E }jp ljlef} ouei` ei j bermd) Jib kobf| mdeob|fi pf|f heibei`rdf rkbbof|} jib rdf ljlef} lfmjv}f rdf pkhfi mkvobir jcck|b rk }fib rdfhrk }mdkko) Pdjr E cfor sf|u jmvrfou pj} rdjr rde} e} j dvhji |e`dr} e}}vf) Rdf}fmdeob|fi bkir djsf ckkb }fmv|eru/ rdfu bkir djsf }jierjreki/ rdfu bkir `k rk}mdkko jib rdfe| hkrdf|} j|f bf}wf|jrfou r|uei` rk pk|n rdfe| pju kvr kc rde})

Jib/ rde} rehf/ er pj} rdf Vierfb ]rjrf} rdjr pj} rdf wj|remvoj| ckmv} lfmjv}f kcrdf mkrrki }vl}ebef} rk w|kbvmf|} df|f1 }khf rk w|kbvmf|} pdk j|f ikr pfoo kcc/lvr krdf|} rk sf|u pfjordu w|kbvmf|} kc mkrrki) Jib j`jei/ er} }khfrdei` pf|f`kei` rk djsf rk okkn jr bv|ei` rde} ufj|)

E rdkv`dr er pj} j ljmnb|kwperd j sf|u dvhji cjmfrk }khf kc rdfe}}vf} rdjr E pjirfb rk rjon jlkvr lfmjv}f rdf}f eifzvjoeref} pf cjmf j|f j rf||elofeibemrhfir kc kv| mkoofmresf dvhjieru) Eibffb/ er} eijmmv|jrf rk }ju rdjr pf cjmfrdfh) Rdf r|vrd e} rdjr hk}r kc rdf rehf pf eìk|f rdfh k| j|f eibeccf|fir rkrdfh) Ufr rdf}f òkljo eifzvjoeref} }dkvob djvir v}) E lfoefsf rdfu }dkvob }djhfv}) Ck| rdf ce|}r rehf ei dvhji de}rk|u pf djsf rdf mjwjmeru jib |f}kv|mf} rk

27

@kkb fsfiei`/ W|f}ebfir Hj|u Ouki}/ ojbef} jib `firofhfi) Er} j sf|u |fjowofj}v|f rk lf df|f jib rk hjnf wf|}kijo mkirjmr perd rdf Akji N|km Ei}rervrfck| Wfjmf # Av}remf) Jib E hv}r }ju E sf|u hvmd jww|fmejrfb rdf pj|h pfomkhfjib rdf sf|u neib pk|b} kc pfomkhf eir|kbvmei` hf df|f rde} fsfiei`) Er} `kkbrk }ff }k hjiu kc ukv jib rk nikp rdjr rdf|f j|f krdf|} E mjir }ff/ pdk j|f jo}koe}rfiei` ei ) Jib rdf lkiv} pj} ukv wvr ki rde} ]jirj Jij/ j} E vibf|}rjib er/ rk`|ffr hf) E pj} jc|jeb pdfi E dfj|b jlkvr rdf bfsfokwei` |fojreki} perd E|fojibrdjr ukv he`dr r|u jib hjnf hf cffo jr dkhf perd j }dkpf| k| }khfrdei` pdfiE j||esfb/ lvr djwweou ikr)

E jh wj|remvoj|ou wofj}fb rk ofj|i hk|f kc rdf pk|n kc rdf Akji N|kmEi}rervrf ck| Wfjmf # Av}remf) E dfj|b jlkvr rdf Pk|obOein W|k`|jh/ rdf kvr|fjmdck| ukvi` wfkwof/ fj|oef| rde} fsfiei ) Jib E nikp j kkb bfjo kc fhwdj}e} df|fe} ki pkhfi} |kof} j} jmrk|} ck| wfjmf/ pdemd pf j|f eim|fj}eiòu |fmkìeqei`)Wfjmf jib av}remf j|f rdf mk|if|}rkif} kc j hk|f frdemjo/ kc j hk|f sjovf}(ofb/òkljoeqjreki) Jib dvhji |e`dr} E lfoefsf w|ksebf rdf viesf|}jo oji`vj`f rdjrmji hjnf }vmd j beccf|fimf/ j} Fofjik| \kk}fsfor dj} lffi zvkrfb/ ei }hjoowojmf}/ mok}f rk dkhf) Lvr dkp mji pf jmdefsf j pk|ob kc wfjmf jib av}remfpdfi rdf |fjoeru e} rdjr òkljo eifzvjoeref} besebf v} }k }rj|nou;

E pjirfb rk wvr j dvhji cjmf ki }khf kc rdk}f eifzvjoeref} lu bf}m|elei`l|efcou rpk se}er} rdjr E hjbf |fmfirouse}er} rdjr pf|f hjbf ei k|bf| rk hjnfdvhji |e`dr} |fofsjir rk wfkwof} oesf}) Fj|oef| rde} hkird/ E pfir rk Hkqjhlezvf)

E akeifb hu mkoofj`vf} c|kh Ktcjh rdf|f> E }f|sf j} Dkik|j|u W|f}ebfir kcKtcjh Eirf|ijrekijo) E pfir rk j }hjoo seooj`f ei j wj|r kc Hkqjhlezvf pdemddj} sf|u wkk| ojib/ lvr `|kp} }v`j| mjif sf|u pfoo) E pfir rk j okmjo seooj`f jibrdf pkhfi `|ffrfb hf perd j }ki` ei rdfe| okmjo oji`vj`f/ Mdji`jij) Rdfupk|f mkok|cvo dfjb }mj|sf}) Rdf|f pf|f hjiu ukvi` mdeob|fi/ }khf kc rdfhperd ljlef} ki rdfe| niff}) Jib lfukib rdfh ei rdf }djbf kc r|ff}/ E mkvob }ffrdf cefob} kc }v`j| mjif/ rjoof| rdji jiu hji)

Rdfu ceie}dfb }eièi` jib lf`ji rk j}n hf pdjr E pj} `kei` rk bk jlkvrrdf rf||elof beccemvoref} rdfu pf|f djsei` lfmjv}f kc rdf ei}fmv|f w|emf kc rdf}v`j| rdfu pf|f w|kbvmei`) Rdfu djb }khf jmmf}} rk rdf hj|nfr kc rdf Fv|kwfji


22/40

2=

}dkvob lf jsjeojlof perdkvr mk}r rk cjheoef} ei eicfmrfb j|fj}) Rdf}f j|f sf|u |fjoe}}vf})

Hk|f jib hk|f wfkwof j|f mki}mekv} kc rdf eirkof|jlof lv|bfi kc bflrki rdf wkk|f}r mkvir|ef}/ j bflr pdemd pj} kcrfi eimv||fb ei rdf wj}r lu ljbbemrjrk|} pdk lveor cjimu wjojmf} k| heoerj|u fzvewhfir rdjr pj}ir iffbfbjib pdemd ifsf| lfifcerfb rdf `fif|jo wkwvojreki) Pdjr} of}} jww|fmejrfb e}rdjr wkk| mkvir|ef} j|f mv||firou ceijimei` rdf dv`f bfcemer df|f ei rdf Vierfb]rjrf} jib bfcemer} ei krdf| pfjordu mkvir|ef}) Rdf Pk|ob Ljin} |fwk|r/ @okljoBfsfokwhfir Ceijimf ^


23/40

26

lf ei rdf wkk|f}r mkvir|ef}) Jo|fjbu pf djsf j w|kceof kc }khf kc rdf wkk|f}rmkvir|ef} }dkpei` rdjr jr ofj}r djoc kc rdfe| wkwvojreki e} vibf| er hv}r lf hk|f eimov}esf fmkikhemjoou> jib er hv}r lf hk|feimov}esf mvorv|joou) Er hv}r jo}k lf hk|f eimov}esf ei er} w|khkreki kcdvhji jib }kmejo }fmv|eru)


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Mary Robinson -- Human Rights and Ethical Globalization