Mary Francis Baxter, Morgan Good, Hannah Moore, Cathie Quamme

AP Bio

Period 1&2

NUCLEUS AND RIBOSOMES

Found in eukaryotic plant and animal cells. Located within the nucleus. Is a network of condensed strands

- coil into rod-like structures called chromosomes during mitosis

May cause ATR-X syndrome - mutations of the ATR-X gene have higher chance of

mental retardation, along with facial and skeletal abnormalities Chromatin is similar to a library in that it stores

information, and not every chromatin is the same

or perfect, just as library books aren’t.

CHROMATIN

Is a structural knot of chromatin. Responsible for the manufacture of ribosomes. Present in eukaryotic plant and animal cells. May cause Parkinson’s disease, a neurological disorder

-this occurs when nucleoli do not efficiently carry out protein synthesis, making the cells defective.

NUCLEOLUS

Is similar to a factory in that both the nucleolus and a factory produce multiples of the same product, being the ribosomes, and also in that both a factory and nucleoli are thrown off in their production greatly when a small malfunction occurs.

NUCLEAR PORE

• Each cell have multiple pore, each being a pathway for the cell to import and export proteins, and export RNA.

• Responsible for the synthesis of RNA .

• Found in eukaryotic plant and animal cells.

• Can cause various viruses such a HIV

-the nucleolus can allow things into the cell whih are harmful, then the nucleus can intensify these.

• similar to a river in that different substances flow to a new place, and by it’s path-like structure.

CHROMOSOMES

• carry genetic info.• equal number of c-somes. • are divded between daughter cells during nuclear

division.• contain DNA and some RNA.• found in eukaryotes (animal and plant).• can cause down syndrome among many others. • are much like nurses because they help deliver/care for

babies who are basically big bundles of genetic info <3• AND much like nurses work in hospitals which are like

eukaryotic cells because of all their various wards, like a cells organelles.

RIBOSOMES• can be found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.

• are either free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

• make proteins by connecting amino acids into long chains.

• have 2 subunits, which are different for eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.

• are much like construction workers, because they connect the amino acids one at a time and because they build a long chain of them. Some scientists believe that ribosome dysfunction lead to Alzheimer’s disease, Diamond Blackfan Anemia, and gastric cancer

C’EST LA FINI!