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Market Structure and Technology Trends of Black Ink for Ink Jet Printer
Ken KanekoR & D Planning DepartmentR & D Strategy DivisionTokai Carbon Co. Ltd.
7 July, 2014
44%
29%
13%
8%4%2%
Industrial FurnaceIndustrial Furnace(4.2billion yen)(4.2billion yen)
Friction Friction MaterialsMaterials
(8.1billion yen)(8.1billion yen)
Fine CarbonFine Carbon(12.6billion yen)(12.6billion yen)
Carbon BlackCarbon Black Fine CarbonFine Carbon Friction MaterialsFriction MaterialsIndustrial FurnaceIndustrial Furnace&Related Products&Related Products
ForSolar cell industry,Semi-conductor industry
ForTire industry,
Rubber industry
ForMotorcycle, Construction
Machinery and Automobilesindustries
ForFine Ceramic industry,
Glass industry
FY 2013 FY 2013 (Jan.1(Jan.1--Dec.31,2013)Dec.31,2013)
Net SalesNet Sales 100100.9 .9 billion yenbillion yen
Operating Income ratioOperating Income ratio 1.61.6%%
FY 2013 FY 2013 (Jan.1(Jan.1--Dec.31,2013)Dec.31,2013)
Net SalesNet Sales 100100.9 .9 billion yenbillion yen
Operating Income ratioOperating Income ratio 1.61.6%%
FY2013Sales byProduct
2
Graphite ElectrodeGraphite Electrode
For Steel Industry
OtherOther(1.7billion (1.7billion yen)yen)
©Copyright, TOKAI CARBON Co., Ltd All Right Reserved.
Graphite ElectrodeGraphite Electrode(29.5billion yen)(29.5billion yen)
Carbon BlackCarbon Black(44.9billion yen)(44.9billion yen)
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Strong Business Structure with Five Core Business
MWI
Svensk Specialgrafit
Tokai Carbon Italy
Thai Tokai Carbon Product
Tokai Carbon Korea
Shanghai Tokai Konetsu
SGL Tokai Carbon Shanghai
Tokai Carbon(Dalian)
Carbon Black
Graphite Electrodes
Fine Carbon
SiC Heating Elements
SGL Tokai Process Technology
Tokai Carbon EuropeTokai Carbon Deutschland
TOKAI ERFTCARBON
Tokai Carbon Japan
Tokai Carbon TianjinTokai Carbon USA
Tokai Carbon Electrode Sales
11
Tokai Carbon UK
©Copyright, TOKAI CARBON Co., Ltd All Right Reserved.
Friction Materials
Tokai Carbon(Suzhou)
Tokai Konetsu (Suzhou)
Cancarb
Fig. 3
Overseas Group Companies and Affiliates
To expand CB business, Tokai Carbon started to develop aqueous Carbon Black dispersion for Ink Jet printer 20 years ago.
R&D : Fuji Research LaboratoryProduction : Chita plant
Fig. 4 Fuji Research Laboratory
Fig. 5 Chita Plant
The market structure of an ink‐jet is special. Its market structure and technology trends of Black Ink will be discussed in this presentation.
Aqueous CB Dispersion
5
Letterpress (Conventional) Printing
Developed by Johannes Gutenberg of Mainz in 1455Expanded Printing Enterprise by Aldo Manuzio of Venice
Published Collected letters of Cicero in 1475Published one work of ancient Greece and the Roman Empire after another
Fig. 6Logo mark of Aldine Press
From HP of National Library of Scotland
Letterpress printing became the most important technology
from the medieval times of Europe to modern times.
6
Computer is changing The World
Conventional game ⇒ TV Game Analog Camera ⇒ Digital Camera
Photo by Silver Halide Tech. ⇒ Photo by Ink Jet Tech.Letter / Facsimile ⇒ Internet
IBM released program stored computer, IBM701 for business use in 1952.After then, a highly‐efficientizing and a downsizing of computer have progressed abruptly.
Analog Digital
Conventional Printing is also changing to Ink Jet Printing now
7
What is Ink Jet Technology
Ink Jet Printer doesn’t work without Computer.
The mechanism of an IJ printer is simple. 1. Print Head 2. Sheet Feeder 3. Circuit Board
4. Power Supply and ( 5. Computer )
The most important part is Print HeadWhen required,
a required quantity of ink is jetted from its nozzles
From HP of Canon
Fig. 7 Principle of Jetting
Serial Head and Line HeadSerial Head and Line Head
Line HeadHead is fixedLower ResolutionHigher Printing SpeedNeed a lot of HeadsReliability of Head is needed
Serial HeadHead moves by using wireHigher ResolutionLower Printing SpeedEasy to overcome Head Defects
Fig. 8 Fig. 9
9
The feature of ink‐jet technology Digital Printing Variable Data, On demand printing
Bill (Visa etc.), Form (Deutsche Bank etc.)
Non‐impact Printing Few restrictions of surface formIrregular drawing board, Cloth, Sphere
Small Print Head Easy to speed up, Easy to colorize Web press
Super‐thin nozzle Easy to print highly minutePhoto
Functional Inks Aqueous, Non‐aqueous, UV Curable, etc.Graphics, Drawing Electronic Circuit, 3D
IJ Technology is expanding to many directions now.Tokai Carbon is focusing only aqueous Carbon Black now.
Global Printing market
Desk top
Copier
Personal
Web press
Fig. 10 Global Printing Market : Conventional Printing]= Forme Printing= Letterpress, Offset, Gravure etc.
: Digital Printing]= Formeless Printing= Laser, Ink Jet
Global Printing Market 740 B$
Personal Printer 20 B$Desktop Printer 50 B$Copier 50 B$Web Press 2 B$
Fig. 11
11
Ink Jet Printer will replace Laser Printer gradually Mechanism of Ink Jet Printer is more simple compare to that of Laser Printer.
25 years ago Current 10 years later
Personal Laser Ink Jet Ink Jet
Desktop Laser Laser Ink Jet
Copier Laser Laser Laser/Ink Jet
Table 3
PersonalInk Jet
DesktopLaser
CopierLaser
Personal, Desktop & Copier
12
Conventional Ink JetPrinting Giesecke & Dervient unitedprintMachine Heidelberg
HP, Canon, EpsonBrother etc
Ink Sun ChemicalPaper International Paper
Example of Market Participants ofConventional Printing & Ink Jet Printing
In the case of Ink Jet, Printer Manufacturer supplies
not only Machine (Printer) but also Ink and Paper. Of course, Printer manufacturer is buying
Pigment Dispersion from Dispersion Manufacturers and Paper from Paper Manufacturers
Table 3
They know consumables business is profitable.
HeidelbergSpeedmaster XL 75
Conventional Printer
Hewlett PackardT-300 Inkjet Web Press
Ricoh-IBMInfoPrint 5000-VP
Digital Printer
Web Press & Sheet‐fed Press
Mass Printing Small Quantity Printing
In the case of Digital Printing, one book can be easily prepared.
The biggest problem of the publishing trade is that it is necessary to discard the bookwhen it does not sell.
14
Offset NEWS paper Electrophotography Ink Jet
OD Value > 1.7*1 1.2 1.5*2 1.4*2
Volume of Black ink occupies 60 % of Total ink volumes.So, quality of Black ink is very important.
Especially, blackness is the most important.The degree of blackness is expressed as the measure of optical density(OD).
*1 : Coated paper, *2 : Plain paper
Quality of Black ink is the most important
OD value of printed image is requested over 1.5 for plain paperfor Ink jet printing
to replace Electrophotography printing in the market.
15
New Aqueous Carbon Black
Latest Carbon Black Dispersion developed at Fuji Research Lab. of Tokai Carbon
shows good performance of OD value over 1.5
New Aqueous Carbon Black of Tokai is getting
an excellent evaluation resultsfrom customers.