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MARITIME
LOGISTICS-Ankita Bedi (17)- Vibhuti Khatri (43)
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Maritime Logistics is that part of supplychain process that
plans, implements, and
controls the efficient and relatedinformation from the point of
origin to thepoint of consumption in order to meet
customers requirements through maritimemodes.
DEFINITION
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EVOLUTION
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Used by the Egyptians in 3200 B.C.
European colonial powers were the 1st to establish a true
maritime trade network.
Mechanized ships started in mid-19th Century.
Diesel engine was introduced in the 20th Century.
Today, 90-95% of international trade is carried on
through ships.
EVOLUTION
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Maritime logistics is one of the most globalizedindustries.
Maritime trade accounted for 89.6% of globaltrade in terms of
volume and 70.1% in terms ofvalue(2006).
It rests on the existence of maritime routes.
INTRODUCTION
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FEATURES
Advantages
High Carrying Capacity
Long Distance Suitability
Low Variable Cost
High Operating Costs getdivided over largevolumes
Disadvantages
Longer transportation time
Affected by WeatherFactors
Environmental Routing
Extensive Customs andDock Operations
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Bulk Shipping - Liquid Bulk (crude oil)
- Dry Bulk (iron ore, coal, grains)
Liner Shipping (computers)
Specialised Shipping (cars, forest product,refrigerated cargo,
chemicals, liquefied gas)
PRESENT
APPLICATION
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Bulk Cargo
Unpacked (Needs
specialised ship,transhipment, storage)
Single origin, destination
and client.
Prone to operationsachieving economies ofscale.
Break-Bulk Cargo
General Cargo packed in
boxes, drums, mainlycontainers.
Numerous origins,
destinations and clients.
Before containerisation,economies of scale weredifficult to
achieve.
MAIN MARKETS
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Registration
Reservation of shipping space
Processing of Shipping Bill
Customs clearance
Arrival of Goods at DocksSystem Appraisal of Shipping Bills
Customs Examination of Export Cargo
Stuffing / Loading of Goods in Containers
Drawal of SamplesAmendments
Export of Goods under Claim for Drawback
Generation of Shipping Bills
PROCESS OF MARITIME
EXPORT
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MARITIME ECONOMICS Container ship represents an initial
capital
outlays of $75 million Severe constraint on the entry of new
players
Main advantage: Economies of Scale
Highest entry costs of the transport sector
Maritime transport system requires financingthat can come from
two sources:
Public
Private
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Major Technical
Innovations
Size
Speed
Specializationof ships
Ship Design
Automation
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GENERAL CARGO VESSEL
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CONTAINER SHIPS
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DRY BULK CARGO
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LIQUID BULK CARRIERS
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GAS TANKERS
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LINERS
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TRAMPS
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CRUISING SHIPS
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THANK YOU
