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28th November 2018

Issue 154Maritime Intelligence Report Series

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“Making the world a safer place to live and work”

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The Maritime Intelligence Report Series focuses on:

• Operational risks in areas of instability which could affect the safety of commercial and private vessels and personnel ashore and at sea.

• In country reporting on key countries where civil conflict are directly impacting on maritime opera-tions; and

• Reporting and analysis of incidents of terrorism, pi-racy and other related criminal activity. MAST has a global reach and presence, delivering first hand, accurate and exclusive intelligence. MAST is entrenched and committed in continuing to supportand promote the awareness of the very real risks thatseafarers and other stakeholders face. This Intelligence Report Series is a brief snapshot ofMAST’s Intelligence capabilities. MAST Intelligencespecialises in providing clients with a suite of prod-ucts and services, including; political and economic risk analysis, detailed port and vessel security briefs, vessel passage plans, threat and risk mitigation and travel risk management. Working closely in conjunction with a host of experts,MAST Intelligence offers a market leading service pertaining to all maritime affairs.

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Editor: David Riderwww.mast-security.com

Issue 154 of the series reviews, analyses and threat assesses the fragile and conflict affected coastal states Libya, Somalia and Yemen. The Mediterranean migrant crisis, incidents af-fecting maritime security and influencing maritime news are also reported and analysed, focusing on the keys theatres of maritime instability.

“Making the world a safer place to live and work”

Issue 154

Contents:

Mast Services

Indian Ocean region

Somalia

Yemen

Mediterranean

Libya

Gulf of Guinea

South East Asia

Central & South America

Severe Weather Warnings

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28th November 2018

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“Making the world a safer place to live and work”

Indian Ocean Region The second conference on combatting the illegal smuggling of Somalian charcoal was held at the Combined Maritime Forces headquarters in Bahrain on 19th Nov., by the Commander of Combined Taskforce 152. With the majority of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries being present, the aim of the conference was to identify potential methods to disrupt the illicit trade in charcoal and to discuss the seizing of dhows that carry the illicit charcoal from Somalia.

Incidents: Nothing significant to report.

Three destroyers to join Iran NavyIran’s Navy commander says the force is to join three destroyers to its northern and southern armadas in the next four months. Rear Admiral Hossein Khanzadi named the vessels as Sahand, Damavand, and Dena, saying they would be joining the Navy’s fleets in the same order, IRNA reported on Sunday 25th.

Illegal fishing can lead to conflict in SomaliaWhile Somalia has seen decline in piracy over recent years, illegal fishing has increased. And it’s not a minor problem. “There is a connection between illegal fishing and conflict in the area”, said Senior Program Manager Robert Mazurek from Secure Fisheries, a project of One Earth Future Foundations, while opening the workshop on Vessel Identification and Evi-dence Collection Related to Fisheries Crimes on 18 November in Mogadishu.

EU training mission extended, budget agreedThe Council extended the mandate of EU military training mission EUTM Somalia until 31st Dec. 2020 and agreed on a budget of €22.9 million for the period 1st Jan. 2019 until 31st

Dec. 2020.

Three pirates die in Cox’s Bazar ‘gunfights’The Rapid Action Battalion (RAB) identified one man as 32-year-old Didarul Islam, an alleged pirate. Commander Ma-jor Mehedy says that the incident happened in the central Am-jakhali area on Tuesday (20th) morning. RAB says Didarul used to carry out attacks in the sea and on the Kutubdia Island with his gang. He has been accused in 13 cases filed with Kutubdia and Moheshkhali police stations.

Mobile App launched to extend emergency help to fishermenPakistan Maritime Security Agency (PMSA) has launched a new mobile application to extend help to the fishermen facing emergency situation anywhere within Pakistan’s territorial wa-ters. Titled “Assistance, Anytime, Anywhere at Sea (AAAS)” the online app to facilitate maritime communities within Pakistan’s territorial waters.

To see MAST’s services in the Indian Ocean Region, please click here.

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1st December 2015 HRA limits

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SomaliaAt least 15 people have been killed, including a controversial religious scholar, and 10 others wounded after a car bomb exploded followed by heavy gunfire in central Somalia, police said on Monday 26th. Attackers of the armed group al-Shabab stormed into the religious centre of Sheikh Abdiweli Ali Elmi Yare in the north-central city of Galkayo in Mudug region, attacking the Sufi leader and his followers.

Control of Somali territory (March 2017) Source: Wikimedia Commons

Mogadishu market bombing kills sevenSeven civilians were killed and five were wounded in a new car bomb at a busy market in Mogadishu on Monday 26th. The explosion occurred after security forces stopped a suspicious vehicle at the market in the south of the city.

Ugandan military chief visits Somalia to shore up transition planThe Ugandan military chief, David Muhoozi, is visiting Somalia to review progress made in the transitioning of national securi-ty responsibilities to the Somali national security forces by the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM).

Al Shabaab militants shoot dead 6 Somali troopsAl Shabaab terrorists took the lives of six troops from Somalia and caused the injury of another ten amid an ambush. Somali officials confirmed the incident to have too place Saturday (24th) evening in Mogadishu.

50 dead so far on third day of US airstrikes in SomaliaThe Somalia based Al Shabaab terror group continues to be weakened following three days of airstrikes by US forces that have left 50 dead so far. In a statement, the US Africa Com-mand says they conducted two more airstrikes in the vicinity of Haradere, Somalia on Wednesday 21st.

Suspected Al Shabaab militants in Kenya kidnapSuspected Al Shabaab militants abducted an Italian aid worker from a shopping center in Chakama, Kilifi County, southeastern Kenya on November 20. The gunmen fired indiscriminately be-fore seizing Silvia Constanza Romano. The attack injured five people, including three children. The gunmen wore Somali clothes and spoke Somali, according to a witness.

AnalysisAl Shabaab continues to mount operations throughout the coun-try, despite efforts by US Central Command to degrade its ca-pabilities with ongoing airstrikes and the work done by AMISOM forces. Threat AssessmentThe political situation has seen increased tension between re-gional states and the Federal Government. Should this continue, there is an opportunity for criminal organisations to return to their previous maritime activities. Al Shabaab continues to challenege the government and efforts to disrupt its operations continue, although AMISOM forces will withdraw in 2019. The trade in il-legal charcoal by terror and crime groups continues, although the Combined Maritime Forces and UN are working on measures to prevent it. Youth unemployment in Somalia has not improved with 67% of Somali male youths aged between 14 to 29 unemployed. Pirate financiers offer lucrative and attractive opportunities, and were seen to be increasingly active in the last inter-monsoon period. Recent incidents off Somalia have highlighted the robust protections offered by both BMP5 and well trained, vigilant armed protection teams. Illegal fishing has returned to the region and there are wider political concerns that it could spark a resurgence in maritime crime unless checked. There is a risk that compla-cency in some quarters has seen a reduction in PMSC presence in these waters that could result in a piracy success. A lack of adherence to BMP5 protocol, particularly not maintaining a safe distance off the coast, has increased risks to shipping. Merchant vessels would be wise to maintain the same distance from the coast, particularly ensuring that the Socotra Gap isn’t taken. All vessels are advised to update risk assessments and register with UKMTO/MSCHOA prior to entering the Indian Ocean High Risk Area (HRA).

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Under control of Al Shabaab and allies Under control of neutral forces Under control of Government and allies Somaliland Government Territory disputed by Puntland and Somaliland

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Control of Yemen territory (July 17th 2018)

Source: Wikimedia Commons

YemenUN envoy to Yemen Martin Griffiths on Saturday 24th left Yemen’s militia-controlled capital Sana’a after a three-day visit that was aimed at restarting peace talks to end the country’s years-long war, according to Yemeni media. He is expected later in the week to visit Saudi Arabia, which is leading an Arab alliance fighting Iran-allied Al Houthi militants, to discuss the outcome of his trip to Yemen.

US ‘slams the brakes’ on UN Yemen ceasefire resolutionThe US has “slammed the brakes on” a United Nations Security Council resolution calling for a limited ceasefire and increased humanitarian aid in Yemen over concerns about angering Sau-di Arabia, two sources told CNN on Nov. 27th.

Suspected drone strike on al Qaeda personnelA suspected U.S. drone killed six al Qaeda in the Arabian Pen-insula (AQAP) members in al Bayda governorate, central Yem-en on Nov. 25th. Two of the militants were reportedly AQAP leaders in al Bayda.

UN Yemen envoy visits flashpoint HodeidaUN envoy Martin Griffiths arrived in the battleground Yemeni port city of Hodeida on Friday 23rd to press the warring sides to exercise restraint ahead of planned peace talks in Decem-ber.

Houthi Rebels Ready to Negotiate Control of Key Yemen PortHouthi rebels who control the key Yemeni port of Hodeidah have agreed to enter talks about handing some control to the United Nations, its envoy to Yemen said during a visit to the city on Friday 23rd. The initiative, although tentative, added to momentum for peace talks expected to start in the coming weeks, when the Saudi-led coalition and its Houthi foes are to meet in Sweden as a humanitarian crisis threatens to tip mil-lions of Yemenis into starvation.

U.N. ready to help run Hodeidah portThe United Nations said on Friday 23rd it was ready to help supervise Yemen’s vital Hodeidah port to protect it from “po-tential destruction”, as its envoy met managers of the Houthi-

held harbour.

Yemeni army liberates Yemen’s al-Dhaher district in SaadaThe Yemeni army announced on Saturday 24th that it had liberated the al-Dhaher district, southwest of Saada, which is considered one of the main strongholds of the Houthi militias. The army said that it is advancing towards the Hidan directo-rate amid severe losses in the Houthis’ frontlines.

4 Yemeni security soldiers killed in suspected al-Qaida checkpoint attackAt least four members of Yemen’s security forces were killed in a pre-dawn attack carried out by suspected al-Qaida gunmen in the southern province of Abyan early on Friday, a govern-ment official told Xinhua.

Denmark stops exports of military equipmentDanish Foreign Minister Anders Samuelsen announced on Nov. 22nd that Denmark will suspend exports of military equipment to Saudi Arabia due to concerns over the situation in Yemen and the murder of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi.

To see the latest threat analysis and Yemen port information in MASTOPDEIA, please click here.

MAST recommends BMP measures be enforced and watches strengthened during transits in the region.

Houthi

Pro Hadi Government Forces

Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP)

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Controlled by Southern Transitional Council

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Mediterranean At least 631 African migrants have died trying to reach Spain so far this year, nearly three times more than in all of 2017, and the situation has become “alarming,” the U.N. migration agency said on Friday 23rd. More than 120 migrants, from North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa, have arrived in Spain each day during November, following a record month in October with over 350 per day, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) said. “This is usually a time of slowing down on these routes; that is not happening in Spain,” IOM spokesman Joel Millman told a news briefing, as reported by Reuters. Migrants are using smaller and less seaworthy boats, he said.

Migrant flows slow to trickle in former smuggling hubDepartures of migrant-laden boats to Italy from Sabra-tha, formerly Libya’s biggest people-smuggling hub, have slowed to a trickle thanks to a security crackdown triggered by European pressure that ejected the city’s top smuggler, Reuters reported on Nov. 27th.

15 migrants found dead on stranded vessel Morocco’s navy found the bodies of 15 migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa on board a boat stranded at sea for days, a military source told AFP news agency. Coastguards recov-ered “15 lifeless corpses” from the vessel in the Mediterrane-an Sea on Saturday 24th and rescued 53 survivors on board, including eight women.

Mediterranean Migrant Arrivals Reach 104,506 in 2018; Deaths Reach 2,075IOM, the UN Migration Agency, reports that 104,506 migrants and refugees entered Europe by sea in 2018 through 18 No-vember. Spain topped 50,962 – more irregular arrivals to Spain through 45 weeks of 2018 than all arrivals during the past three years combined.

Rescue ship relaunches into MediterraneanA migrant rescue vessel has set sail for a new mission in the Mediterranean amid a continuing dispute with the Ital-ian government over the ultimate destination of desperate people plucked from the sea. The Dutch-flagged Sea-Watch 3 was heading to an area off the North African coast on Fri-day 23rd after being held in a Maltese port on unspecified grounds for several months, according to officials from the charity.

The current migrant smuggling situationAs weather conditions worsen in the region, fatalities continue to increase. News that the smuggling hub of Sabratha is now quiet is encouraging, but migrants now head to other port towns such as Zuwara to seek passage to the EU mainland. Morocco and Tunisia are fast becoming the new hot spots as word of conditions and treatment in Libya spread. This is poten-tially good news for the EU, who may have more political and spending power here and could potentially lead to a political breakthrough in wherer migrants are processed. The presence of another NGO vessel in the region will undoubt-edly help, given that winter is fast approaching. While we antici-pate crossing figures will fall as sea states become less predict-able, it is inevitable that some will still attempt the dangerous crossing.

“Making the world a safer place to live and work”

Migrant crossings 2016-2018. Source: UNHRC

MAST UK: +44 (0)1279 216 726 operations@mast-security.com www.mast-security.com

Migrant statistics in the Mediterranean (Figures last updated on Nov 27th 2018). Source: UNHCR

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LibyaGunmen on Friday 23rd raided a town deep in Libya’s southern desert, killing nine people and kidnap-ping several others, a resident said, with officials blaming the attack on the militant group Islamic State. A military source said the attackers had occupied a police station in the oasis town of Tazerbo, north of Kufra, until residents expelled them. The source also said the attackers were believed to belong to Islamic State.

“Making the world a safer place to live and work”

Sonatrach Pulls Out Of LibyaAlgeria’s state oil and gas company has pulled out of Libya citing deteriorating security conditions, Libyan media reports, adding the company had first evacuated its personnel and has now transported production equipment across the border, Oil-Price.com reported on Nov. 27th.

UNSMIL briefs foreign embassies on dire situation of Libya’s southThe United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) said on Monday 26th it had briefed foreign embassies in Libya and the international community on the deteriorating situation in Libya’s south. A statement of the mission through its Facebook page clarified that the briefing discussed the political, social and security dynamics and access to basic services, humani-tarian situation in the region and UN support.

Libya, Germany discuss security cooperationLibyan Interior Minister Fat’hi Bashagha met with German Am-bassador to Libya Oliver Owcza on Sunday 25th to discuss bi-lateral security cooperation, Xinhua reported.

Libya returns to play role in world oil supply dynamicsThe Arab Petroleum Investments Corporation (APICORP), the multilateral development bank focused on the energy sector, has published its research report, focusing on the increasingly important role that Libya can play. A near-doubling of output between July and October, to 1.28 mn bpd, came just as Lib-ya’s fellow OPEC members sought to lift production to offset losses elsewhere and keep global supply balanced.

Libyan wealth fund to hire auditors in push to unfreeze assetsLibya’s sovereign wealth fund will appoint auditors within weeks and conclude a wide-ranging examination of its assets by 2019 as part of its efforts to get billions of dollars of assets unfrozen, the fund’s head told Reuters.

Libya to reimburse private hospitalsThe Libyan government will reimburse the Private Hospital Association (PHA) $250 million for medical services received by Libyans in Jordan, according to President of the PHA Fawzi Hammouri.

Russia has no plans to establish a base in LibyaRussia’s presence in Syria is at the behest of the Syrian gov-ernment and complies with the standards of international law, Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said, fully. When asked if Rus-sia had plans to establish military bases in Libya, as it did in Syria, Lavrov told Agenzia Giornalistica Italia (AGI) that there were no similarities between both countries.

Egyptian hostages in eastern Libya freed after days of deten-tionEgyptian workers taken hostage in Libya last week over a fi-nancial dispute between Libyan contractors and their Egyp-tian partner have been freed, a relative of one of the hostag-es said. The governor’s office in Kafr el-Sheikh, the Egyptian province the workers are from, confirmed their case had been “resolved”, following coordination with government ministries, without giving further details.

To read MAST’s Libyan Country report on MASTOPEDIA, please click here.

Control of Northern Libyan territory (Mar. 26th 2018)

Source: Wikimedia Commons

Controlled by the Tobruk led government

Controlled by the Government of National Accord

Controlled by ISIS

Controlled by local forces

Controlled by Tuareg forces

MAST UK: +44 (0)1279 216 726 operations@mast-security.com www.mast-security.com

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“Making the world a safer place to live and work”

Gulf of GuineaRear Adm. David Adeniran, the Flag Officer Commanding Eastern Naval Command, Calabar, on Friday 23rd said that oil theft and sea piracy have reduced drastically in the Niger Delta region. Adeniran said this in an interview with the News Agency of Nigeria on board Nigerian Navy Ship Okpabana in Calabar. He was speaking on the sideline of the fourth quarter exercise of the Nigerian Navy tagged ‘Exercise Ani-Oforifori’, meaning ‘chase thief’ in Kalabari language.

Incidents: 1. Four trawlers reported attacked by an unknown number of robbers/pirates at 0200 UTC in position 04:18N - 008:47E, around 8nm West of Cameroon coast. Vessels boarded and hijacked, but have been released and now safe. Patrol boats deployed to investigate the area. Awaiting further details. Re-ported (MDAT) 23rd Nov.

2. MV boarded by armed pirates at 0050 UTC in position 04:13.39N - 008:03.42E, around 19nm south of Kwa Ibo coast, Nigeria. Pirates escaped on board blue-hulled boat following intervention from a security vessel. Vessel and crew safe. Re-ported (MDAT) 22nd Nov.

3. Duty crew onboard a tanker noticed two robbers boarding using a rope at 2118 UTC in position 06:21.4N - 003:19.3E, La-gos Anchorage, Nigeria. Alarm raised and crew retreated to citadel. Hearing the alerted crew, the robbers escaped empty handed. Reported (IMB) 21st Nov.

Nigeria loses $6bn from ‘corrupt’ oil deal linked to fraudA court in Milan is considering charges of corruption against Eni and Shell in a controversial oil deal that led to Nigeria los-ing an estimated $6bn. The campaign group Global Witness has calculated the OPL 245 deal in 2011 deprived Nigeria of

double its annual education and healthcare budget.

Nigeria loses US$2.74bn in four yearsPiracy attacks in the Nigerian maritime domain are taking alarming toll on shipping in Nigeria’s territorial waters and the Gulf of Guinea, Nigeria’s New Telegraph reported on Nov. 26th. Aside earning the Nigerian waters the notorious status of been the most dangerous in the region, the situation was also said to be partially responsible for the nation’s bleeding economy as over US$2.74 billion was paid by the country in the past four years as insurance surcharges and other sundry surcharges imposed on Nigerian shipments simply because the country’s territorial waters is not safe for navigation.

To see MAST Services in the region, please click here. And and to read Nigeria’s country report, please click here.

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MAST UK: +44 (0)1279 216 726 operations@mast-security.com www.mast-security.com

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South East AsiaThe navies of the Philippines, Indonesia and Malaysia began a trilateral maritime exercise on Tuesday 27th to better secure common maritime border against piracy and abductions. Naval Forces Western Mindanao, said the ships from Indonesia and Malaysia arrived on Tuesday in time for the opening of the security patrol training, which is part of the INDOMALPHI 4th Trilateral Port Visit and Maritime Training Activity. The maritime patrol exercise is under the Trilateral Cooperative Arrangement signed in 2017 in response to a series of kidnappings of foreigners by the Abu Sayyaf group and its affiliates.

Incidents: Nothing significant to report.

PH, Japan coast guards conduct joint drills vs piracy The Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) and Japan Coast Guard (JCG) on Sunday, November 25, conducted drills against pi-racy and hijacking incidents at sea. The two coast guard teams staged the drills using 4 patrol ships at the Manila Bay. Of the 4 were the PCG’s BRP Suluan and fast patrol boat BRP Bora-cay, which were acquired from Japan as well as its French-built BRP Panglao. (READ: New Coast Guard vessels from Japan to fight piracy, patrol West PH Sea).

Philippines: 3 killed, 3 hurt in Zambo City clash Three people, including an alleged member of the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), were killed early on Friday 23rd while three oth-ers were wounded in a clash with troops in an island barangay in this southern port city, an official said. Col. Leonel Nicolas of Joint Task Force Zamboanga, said the firefight occurred shortly after 5 a.m. in Sitio Logpond, Barangay Limaong, 83 km. east of the town center.

PH, China agree to exercise self-restraint at South China Sea The Philippines and China have agreed to practice self-restraint and avoid threat or use of force in the South China Sea to prevent an escalation of the territorial dispute. The two countries have pushed for the peaceful resolution of the con-

flict and expressed support for freedom of navigation in the area following a meeting between President Duterte and Chi-nese President Xi Jinping in Manila.

Malaysia: RMN to deploy UAS to tighten maritime securityIn the effort to raise its monitoring capability, the Royal Malay-sian Navy (RMN) will be acquiring Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) next year. The capability of the technology as a maritime force multiplier will enable coverage of greater distance as well as area to strengthen national maritime defence prepar-edness especially in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and areas of national interest.

Abu Sayyaf kidnapping threat remains a realityDespite Eastern Sabah Security Command’s successful opera-tions in thwarting at least 10 attempts by suspected Filipino kidnap groups trying to sneak into the State recently, the threat of the notorious Abu Sayyaf militant group (ASG) remains a re-ality, regional media reported on Nov. 23rd.

To see MAST’s services in the region, please click here.

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MAST UK: +44 (0)1279 216 726 operations@mast-security.com www.mast-security.com

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Central and South America Nothing significant to report.

Incidents: 1. 24.11.2018: 0505 UTC: Posn: 12:01.4S - 077:11.3W, Callao An-chorage, Peru. During routine rounds, duty crew onboard an anchored vehicle carrier noticed a masked robber on the forecastle deck and immediately informed the bridge. Alarm raised, ship’s whistle sounded and crew mustered. Port con-trol informed via VHF. Upon investigation, ship’s stores were reported stolen. Reported (IMB) Nov. 24th (Not shown on map).

Standing advice: The repercussions of a vessel being caught acting as a mule with drugs stowed will depend on the type, amount and na-tional laws, but may be disruptive and costly. When and if operating in these areas, especially Columbia and Peru, it is advised that: • Potential stowage areas such as rudder shafts are denied as far as possible, and/or routinely searched. • Access points are closely monitored by a vigilant watch for the duration of the vessel’s call at port.

MAST UK: +44 (0)1279 216 726 operations@mast-security.com www.mast-security.com

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Severe Weather Warnings Warnings detailed on this page are from the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) and are issued by respective Regional Specialised Metrological Centres, Tropical Cyclone Centres or National Mete-orological Services. For further information on severe weather warnings please click here.

Note: The forecasts are correct as of the day before publication. For latest updates please follow the provided links.

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Western North Pacific Ocean and South China Sea