DoD 2005.1-M
MARITIME CLAIMS REFERENCE MANUAL
6/23/2005 UNDER SECRETARY OF DEFENSE FOR POLICY1
June 23, 2005
FOREWORD This Manual is reissued under the authority of DoD
Instruction C-2005.1, "U.S. Program for the Exercise of Navigation
and Overflight Rights at Sea (U)," June 21, 1983. It provides a
general reference concerning the maritime claims of all coastal
nations. Its principal purpose is to facilitate the DoD Freedom of
Navigation Program. Consequently, in selecting data for inclusion,
primary emphasis has been placed on information concerning claims
directly affecting navigation and overflight. Limited information
has been included concerning other claims (e.g., Exclusive Economic
Zones (EEZ), continental shelf claims, and environmental
regulations). DoD 2005.1-M, Maritime Claims Reference Manual, April
2, 2001, is hereby canceled. This Manual is effective immediately
and is provided for use by all elements of the Department of
Defense, including the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the
Military Departments, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff,
the Combatant Commands, the Office of the Inspector General of the
Department of Defense, the Defense Agencies, DoD Field Activities,
and all organizational entities in the Department of Defense
(hereafter referred to collectively as the "DoD Components"). The
Heads of the DoD Components may issue supplementary information
consistent with this Manual when necessary to provide for unique
requirements within their respective Components. In case of
conflict with any other source of information issued within the
Department of Defense, the information in this Manual takes
precedence. The DoD Components, other Federal Agencies, and the
public may download this Manual from the DoD publications page on
the internet:
(http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/html/20051m.htm). The
maritime claims references in this Manual represent claims made by
the coastal nations. Some of the claims are inconsistent with
international law. The United States does not recognize those
maritime claims that are not in conformity with customary
international law, as reflected in the 1982 United Nations Law of
the Sea Convention. Examples include excessive straight baseline
claims, territorial sea claims in excess of 12 nautical miles (nm),
and other claims that unlawfully impede freedom of navigation and
overflight. This Manual notes many instances in which the United
States has protested excessive claims and conducted operational
assertions against such excessive claims under the Freedom of
Navigation Program. Failure to categorize any maritime claim as
excessive within this Manual does not indicate acceptance by the
United States of excessive claims.
2
DoD 2005.1-M
Every effort has been made to ensure that the claims referenced
in this Manual are accurate and up-to-date. Users must bear in
mind, however, that foreign statutes and decrees change frequently.
Most of the legislation and treaties cited in this Manual can be
accessed from the United Nations website:
(http://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/regionslist.htm).
This Manual will be updated by periodic changes, but users are
encouraged to consult other materials in conjunction with this
Manual when seeking authoritative determination of any particular
claim. It is recommended that operational commanders verify the
currency of the Manual with their Combatant Command when planning
sensitive exercises or operations. Compiling and maintaining an
accurate and up-to-date compendium of maritime claims is a sizeable
task. For this Manual to remain current, users in the field,
particularly the Combatant Commands, as well as Defense Attachs'
Offices, must assist in providing new legislation, decrees, or
other information that may alter any of the claims described
herein. Send recommended changes and updated information on
maritime claims, with supporting documentation, if possible, to the
agent responsible for preparation of this Manual: Department of
Defense Representative for Ocean Policy Affairs Washington, DC
20301-2400 Phone: Fax: (703) 697-9161 (703) 695-8073 DSN 227-9161
DSN 225-8073
This Manual provides a summary sheet listing the maritime claims
of each coastal state, including the date of each claim, its source
or title, the breadth of the claim where applicable, and notes of
significance. Each summary is arranged by headings in the following
order: Territorial Sea Archipelagic, Straight Baselines, &
Historic Claims Contiguous Zone Continental Shelf Fishing Zone/EEZ
Environmental Regulation Maritime Boundaries LOS Convention All
headings for which a particular nation has no known claim have been
omitted. For many countries, a summary is followed by text from
legislation, agreements, and explanatory comments. Tables have been
included to list coordinates and pertinent information regarding
maritime claims. These tables have been numbered pursuant to DoD
5025.1-M. In most cases, the table format does not appear in the
cited legislation.
3
DoD 2005.1-M
For background on the legal regimes and geographic aspects of
maritime claims, refer to Chapter 1, "Legal Divisions of the Oceans
and Airspace," in the Commander's Handbook on the Law of Naval
Operations, NWP 1-14M (formerly NWP 9 (Rev. A)), MCWP 5-2.1,
COMDTPUB P5800.7 (1995).
4
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 2 5 9 18
FOREWORD TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLES ABBREVIATIONS AND/OR ACRONYMS
CHAPTER 1 - MARITIME CLAIMS OF COASTAL STATES Albania Algeria
Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Australia Bahamas Bahrain
Bangladesh Barbados Belgium Belize Benin Bosnia and Herzegovina
Brazil Brunei Bulgaria Burma Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde
Chile China Colombia Comoros Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Congo, Republic of the Costa Rica Cote d'Ivoire Croatia
19 21 26 28 29 35 64 65 68 71 72 75 76 77 78 80 81 84 90 93 96
117 121 126 134 141 142 143 144 147 148
5
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLE OF CONTENTS, Continued Page 153 162 167 179 185 188 189
192 193 196 203 204 212 213 222 227 234 239 243 245 247 251 258 259
260 261 262 263 265 266 269 273 275 280 302 306 309 314 315 324
327
Cuba Cyprus Denmark Denmark Dependencies Djibouti Dominica
Dominican Republic East Timor Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial
Guinea Eritrea Estonia Fiji Finland France French Overseas
Departments and Dependencies Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana
Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras
Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica
Japan
6
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLE OF CONTENTS, Continued Page 341 342 345 346 349 355 359
361 362 363 365 367 373 378 381 383 384 386 391 397 398 400 407 412
413 414 417 419 420 424 425 428 441 448 451 452 456 461 463 473 478
483
Jordan Kenya Kiribati Korea, North Korea, South Kuwait Latvia
Lebanon Liberia Libya Lithuania Madagascar Malaysia Maldives Malta
Marshall Islands Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Micronesia Monaco
Morocco Mozambique Namibia Nauru Netherlands Netherlands
Dependencies New Zealand New Zealand Dependencies Nicaragua Nigeria
Norway Oman Pakistan Palau Panama Papua New Guinea Peru Philippines
Poland Portugal Qatar
7
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLE OF CONTENTS, Continued Page 487 489 524 525 527 528 529
532 539 543 545 547 548 550 552 558 559 564 572 575 577 578 595 597
602 605 610 611 612 615 621 627 628 633 636 641 646 675 680 682 689
693
Romania Russian Federation Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Saudi
Arabia Senegal Serbia and Montenegro Seychelles Sierra Leone
Singapore Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa Spain Sri
Lanka Sudan Suriname Sweden Syria Taiwan Tanzania Thailand Togo
Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Tuvalu Ukraine United Arab
Emirates United Kingdom United Kingdom: British Overseas
Territories United States of America Uruguay Vanuatu Venezuela
Vietnam Yemen
8
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES**The Tables are included pursuant to DoD Instruction
2025.1-M. The Tables appear throughout the document for ease of
reading coordinates and legislative enactments. The Tables and
Table numbers are not included in the published legislation or
cited document.
Table C1.T1. C1.T2. C1.T3. C1.T4. C1.T5. C1.T6. C1.T7. C1.T8.
C1.T9. C1.T10. C1.T11. C1.T12. C1.T13. C1.T14. C1.T15. C1.T16.
C1.T17. C1.T18. C1.T19. C1.T20. C1.T21. C1.T22. C1.T23. C1.T24.
C1.T25. C1.T26. C1.T27. C1.T28. C1.T29.
Title Albanian Straight Baseline System Algerian Straight
Baseline System Angolan Straight Closing Lines Angolan Straight
Baseline System: U.S. Analysis Access Zone to the Strait of
Magellan Argentine Coordinates for Resource Exploitation Australian
Straight Baseline System: Coast of the Mainland of Australia
Australian Straight Baseline System: Coast of the Mainland of
Tasmania Australian Straight Baseline System: Islands off the Coast
of the States and the Northern Territory Australian Straight
Baseline System: Aubusi, Boigu and Moimi Australian Straight
Baseline System: Dauan, Kaumag and Saibai Australian Straight
Baseline System: Anchor Cay and East Cay Australian Straight
Baseline System: Black Rocks and Bramble Cay Australian Straight
Baseline System: Deliverance Island and Kerr Islet Australian
Straight Baseline System: Turnagain Island Australian Straight
Baseline System: Turu Cay Australian Straight Baseline System:
Pearce Cay Australian Historic Bays and Baseline Points Indonesia -
Papua New Guinea Maritime Boundary Bahrain - Qatar Maritime
Boundary Bangladesh Straight Baseline System Belgian EEZ
Coordinates Belgium - France Territorial Sea Boundary Belgium -
Netherlands Territorial Sea Boundary Bulgaria -Turkey
Begendik/Rezovo Bay Boundary Bulgaria -Turkey Black Sea Boundary
Burma Straight Baseline System Burma Straight Baseline System: U.S.
Analysis Burma - Thailand: Andaman Sea Boundary
Page 20 22 26 27 31 32 37 46 48 50 52 54 56 56 58 60 61 62 63 66
69 73 73 74 82 83 85 86 88
9
DoD 2005.1-M
C1.T30. Burma - Thailand Maritime Boundary: U.S. Analysis
89
10
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T31. C1.T32. C1.T33. C1.T34. C1.T35.
C1.T36. C1.T37. C1.T38. C1.T39. C1.T40. C1.T41. C1.T42. C1.T43.
C1.T44. C1.T45. C1.T46. C1.T47. C1.T48. C1.T49. C1.T50. C1.T51.
C1.T52. C1.T53. C1.T54. C1.T55. C1.T56. C1.T57. C1.T58. C1.T59.
C1.T60. C1.T61. C1.T62. C1.T63. C1.T64. C1.T65. C1.T66. Title
Cambodian Straight Baseline System Cameroon - Nigeria Boundary
Canadian Straight Baseline System: Nova Scotia Canadian Straight
Baseline System: Newfoundland Canadian Straight Baseline System:
Vancouver Island Canadian Straight Baseline System: Queen Charlotte
Islands Canadian Straight Baseline System: Canadian Arctic Islands
and Mainland, Schedule I, (Subsection 4(1)), Area 7 Canadian
Straight Baseline System: Canadian Arctic Islands and Mainland,
Schedule II, (Subsection 4(2)), Area 7 Canadian Straight Baseline
System: Canadian Arctic Islands and Mainland, Schedule III,
(Subsection 4(3)), Area 7 Canada - France (St. Pierre and Miquelon)
Maritime Boundary Canada - France (St. Pierre and Miquelon)
Territorial Sea Boundary: U.S. Analysis Cape Verde Archipelagic
Baseline System Cape Verde - Senegal EEZ and Continental Shelf
Coordinates Cape Verde Archipelagic Baselines Chile Straight
Baseline Coordinates China Straight Baselines: Mainland and Hainan
Island China Straight Baselines: Xisha (Paracel) Islands Colombian
Straight Baseline System: Pacific Coast Colombian Straight Baseline
System: Atlantic Coast Colombia - Costa Rica Maritime Boundary:
Caribbean Sea Colombia - Haiti Maritime Boundary Colombia -
Honduras Maritime Boundary Colombia - Jamaica Maritime Boundary
Colombia - Panama Territorial Sea Boundary: Caribbean Sea Colombia
- Panama EEZ Boundary: Caribbean Sea Colombia - Panama Boundary:
Pacific Costa Rica - Colombia Maritime Boundary Coordinates Croatia
Straight Baseline System: U.S. Analysis Cuba Straight Baseline
System Distance Between Cuban Straight Baseline Segments Cuba -
U.S. Maritime Boundary Coordinates Cuba - Mexico Maritime Boundary
Coordinates Cyprus Baseline System Cyprus - U.K. (Sovereign Base
Areas) Territorial Sea Boundary Cyprus - Egypt EEZ Boundary Denmark
Straight Baseline System: Jutland-Funen Page 92 94 98 100 104 105
106 111 113 114 115 118 119 120 122 131 132 135 135 136 138 138 139
139 140 140 145 150 154 158 159 160 162 165 166 169
11
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T67. C1.T68. C1.T69. C1.T70. C1.T71.
C1.T72. C1.T73. C1.T74. C1.T75. C1.T76. C1.T77. C1.T78. C1.T79.
C1.T80. C1.T81. C1.T82. C1.T83. C1.T84. C1.T85. C1.T86. C1.T87.
C1.T88. C1.T89. C1.T90. C1.T91. C1.T92. C1.T93. C1.T94. C1.T95.
C1.T96. C1.T97. C1.T98. C1.T99. C1.T100. C1.T101. C1.T102. C1.T103.
C1.T104. C1.T105. Title Denmark Straight Baseline System: Sealand
and the Islands South of Sealand Denmark Straight Baseline System:
Laeso Denmark Straight Baseline System: Christianso Denmark
Straight Baseline System: Anholt Faroe Islands Straight Baseline
System West Greenland Straight Baseline System East Greenland
Straight Baseline System Djibouti Straight Baseline System Djibouti
Straight Baselines: U.S. Analysis Dominican Republic Straight
Baseline System: U.S. Analysis Domincan Republic EEZ Coordinates
Egyptian Straight Baseline System: Mediterranean Sea Egyptian
Straight Baseline System: Red Sea Egypt - Cyprus EEZ Boundary
Equatorial Guinea Maritime Boundary Coordinates Equatorial Guinea -
Nigeria Boundary Equatorial Guinea - Sao Tome and Principe Maritime
Boundary Coordinates Estonia Baseline System Estonian Territorial
Sea Boundary Estonia - Latvia Maritime Boundary Coordinates Fiji
Archipelagic Baselines Fiji (Rotuma and Its Dependencies) Straight
Baselines Finland Inner Territorial Waters Coordinates Finland -
Sweden Maritime Boundary Coordinates French Straight Baseline
System French Straight Baselines: U.S. Analysis France (Reunion) -
Mauritius Maritime Boundary Gabon Straight Baseline System Georgia
- Turkey Black Sea Boundary Georgia - Turkey Continental Shelf/EEZ
Coordinates German Territorial Sea Coordinates: North Sea German
Territorial Sea Coordinates: Baltic Sea German EEZ Coordinates:
North Sea German EEZ Coordinates: Baltic Sea Guinea-Bissau Straight
Baseline System Haiti Baseline Segments: U.S. Analysis Honduras
Baseline Segments: U.S. Analysis Iceland Straight Baseline System
India - Burma Maritime Boundary: Andaman Sea and Coco Channel12
Page 171 173 174 175 180 181 183 186 187 190 191 197 199 202 204
209 210 214 217 221 224 225 228 230 235 237 242 243 248 250 252 253
254 255 263 267 271 273 277
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T106. C1.T107. C1.T108. C1.T109.
C1.T110. C1.T111. C1.T112. C1.T113. C1.T114. C1.T115. C1.T116.
C1.T117. C1.T118. C1.T119. C1.T120. C1.T121. C1.T122. C1.T123.
C1.T124. C1.T125. C1.T126. C1.T127. C1.T128. C1.T129. C1.T130.
C1.T131. C1.T132. C1.T133. C1.T134. C1.T135. C1.T136. C1.T137.
C1.T138. C1.T139. C1.T140. C1.T141. C1.T142. Title India - Burma
Maritime Boundary: Bay of Bengal India - Indonesia -Thailand Common
Trijunction Points India - Sri Lanka Maritime Boundary Coordinates
India - Sri Lanka Maritime Boundary: U.S. Analysis India - Sri
Lanka National Baseline Positions Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes
Designation: Sea Lane I Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes
Designation: Sea Lane II Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes
Designation: Sea Lane III Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes
Designation: Sea Lane III-B, III-C Indonesian Archipelagic Sea
Lanes Designation: Sea Lane III-D, III-E Indonesian Archipelagic
Baseline System Indonesia - Papua New Guinea Maritime Boundary
Coordinates Indonesia - Malaysia Maritime Boundary Coordinates
Indonesia - Malaysia Maritime Boundary: U.S. Analysis Indonesia -
Malaysia - Thailand Common Point Indonesia - Singapore Maritime
Boundary: Strait of Singapore Indonesia - Thailand Turning Points
Indonesia - Thailand Basepoint 1 Indonesia - Thailand Basepoint 2
Iran Straight Baseline Claims Iran Baseline Claims: U.S. Analysis
Iraq - Kuwait Boundary Coordinates: Between Umm Qasr and the
Junction of the Khowrs Iraq - Kuwait Boundary Coordinates: Junction
of the Khowrs along the Median Line of the Khowr Abd Allah Ireland
Straight Baseline System Ireland Straight Baseline Segments: U.S.
Analysis Israel - Jordan Boundary: Gulf of Aqaba Italy Straight
Baseline System Italy - France Maritime Boundary Coordinates Italy
- Greece Maritime Boundary Coordinates Italy - Slovenia (Former
Yugoslavia) Maritime Boundary Coordinates Italy - Tunisia Maritime
Boundary Coordinates Jamaica Archipelagic Baseline System Jamaica -
Colombia Maritime Boundary Coordinates Japan Straight Baseline
System Japan - South Korea Maritime Boundary Coordinates Jordan -
Israel Boundary: Gulf of Aqaba Kenya Territorial Sea13
Page 277 278 278 278 279 282 283 283 284 285 285 297 297 298 299
300 301 301 301 303 305 306 307 310 312 314 316 319 320 320 321 324
326 329 339 341 343
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T143. C1.T144. C1.T145. C1.T146.
C1.T147. C1.T148. C1.T149. C1.T150. C1.T151. C1.T152. C1.T153.
C1.T154. C1.T155. C1.T156. C1.T157. C1.T158. C1.T159. C1.T160.
C1.T161. C1.T162. C1.T163. C1.T164. C1.T165. C1.T166. C1.T167.
C1.T168. C1.T169. C1.T170. C1.T171. C1.T172. C1.T173. C1.T174.
C1.T175. C1.T176. C1.T177. Title Kenya - Tanzania Maritime Boundary
Baselines Kenya - Tanzania: Description Of Boundary North Korea
Military Zone Coordinates: East Coast North Korea Military Zone
Coordinates: West Coast South Korea Straight Baseline System South
Korea - Japan Maritime Boundary Coordinates South Korea - Japan
Joint Development Zone Kuwait - Iraq Boundary Coordinates: Between
Umm Qasr and the Junction of the Khowrs Kuwait - Iraq Boundary
Coordinates: Junction of the Khowrs along the Median Line of the
Khowr Abd Allah Kuwait - Saudi Arabia Maritime Boundary Latvia -
Estonia Maritime Boundary Coordinates Libya - Malta Continental
Shelf Coordinates Lithuania - Russian Federation EEZ/Continental
Shelf Coordinates Madagascar Straight Baseline System Madagascar
Straight Baseline System: U.S. Analysis Madagascar Straight
Baseline System: Significant Portions Malaysia - Indonesia Maritime
Boundary Coordinates Malaysia - Indonesia Boundary Points: U.S.
Analysis Malaysia - Thailand Maritime Boundary: Distance Between
Turning Points Maldives Archipelagic Straight Baseline Coordinates
Malta - Libya Continental Shelf Coordinates EEZ Coordinates for the
Islands of Mauritius, Rofrigues, Cargados Carajos, Agalega and
Tromelin Chagos Archipelago EEZ Coordinates Mauritius - France
(Reunion) Maritime Boundary Coordinates Mexico Straight Baseline
System Mexico - Cuba Maritime Boundary Coordinates Mexico - U.S.
Territorial Sea Boundary: Pacific Ocean and Gulf of Mexico Mexico -
U.S. Additional Boundary Coordinates: Gulf of Mexico and Pacific
Ocean Monaco - France Maritime Boundary Coordinates Morocco
Straight Baseline System: Atlantic Morocco Straight Baseline
System: Strait of Gibraltar and the Mediterranean Morocco
Territorial Sea Mozambique Straight Baseline System Mozambique
Straight Baseline System: U.S. Analysis Mozambique - Tanzania
Maritime Boundary Coordinates14
Page 344 344 347 347 350 352 353 355 356 357 360 364 366 367 370
372 374 375 376 379 382 388 389 390 393 394 395 395 398 400 402 405
407 408 410
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T178. C1.T179. C1.T180. C1.T181.
C1.T182. C1.T183. C1.T184. C1.T185. C1.T186. C1.T187. C1.T188.
C1.T189. C1.T190. C1.T191. C1.T192. C1.T193. C1.T194. C1.T195.
C1.T196. C1.T197. C1.T198. C1.T199. C1.T200. C1.T201. C1.T202.
C1.T203. C1.T204. C1.T205. C1.T206. C1.T207. C1.T208. C1.T209.
C1.T210. C1.T211. C1.T212. C1.T213. C1.T214. C1.T215. C1.T216.
Title Netherlands - Belgium Territorial Sea Boundary Cook Islands -
U.S. (American Samoa) Maritime Boundary Coordinates Cook Islands -
France (French Polynesia) Maritime Boundary Coordinates New Zealand
(Tokelau) - U.S. (American Samoa) Maritime Boundary Coordinates
Niue - U.S. (American Samoa) Maritime Boundary Coordinates Nigeria
- Equatorial Guinea Partial Maritime Boundary Nigeria - Cameroon
Maritime Boundary Mainland Norway Straight Baselines Norwegian
Straight Baselines: Jan Mayen Norwegian Straight Baselines:
Svalbard Oman Straight Baseline System Oman Straight Baseline
System: U.S. Analysis Oman - Iran Continental Shelf Boundary Oman -
Pakistan Maritime Boundary Coordinates Oman - Yemen Maritime
Boundary Pakistan Straight Baseline System Pakistan - Oman Maritime
Boundary Coordinates Panama - Colombia Maritime Boundary: Caribbean
Sea Panama - Colombia Maritime Boundary: Pacific Ocean Papua New
Guinea Archipelagic Baseline System Papua New Guinea - Indonesia
Maritime Boundary: U.S. Analysis Philippines Straight Baseline
System Poland - Germany Continental Shelf: Baltic Sea Poland -
Germany Territorial Sea Boundary: Oder Bight Poland - Russia
Maritime Boundary Coordinates Poland - Sweden Maritime Boundary
Coordinates Portugal Straight Baselines: Continental Coast Portugal
Straight Baselines: Madeiras Portugal Straight Baselines: Azores
Qatar - UAE (Abu Dhabi) Maritime Boundary Coordinates Qatar -
Bahrain Maritime Boundary Qatar - Iran Continental Shelf
Coordinates Romania Straight Baseline System Russia Straight
Baseline System: Pacific Ocean Russia Straight Baseline System:
Arctic Ocean Russia Straight Baseline System: Baltic Sea Russia -
Finland Maritime Boundary Coordinates Russia - Norway Maritime
Boundary Coordinates Russia - Poland Maritime Boundary
Coordinates15
Page 416 421 422 422 423 425 426 429 432 434 442 444 446 446 447
449 450 453 454 457 460 464 474 475 476 476 479 480 481 484 484 486
488 491 501 517 518 520 522
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T217. C1.T218. C1.T219. C1.T220.
C1.T221. C1.T222. C1.T223. C1.T224. C1.T225. C1.T226. C1.T227.
C1.T228. C1.T229. C1.T230. C1.T231. C1.T232. C1.T233. C1.T234.
C1.T235. C1.T236. C1.T237. C1.T238. C1.T239. C1.T240. C1.T241.
C1.T242. C1.T243. C1.T244. C1.T245. C1.T246. C1.T247. C1.T248.
C1.T249. C1.T250. C1.T251. Title Russia (Former USSR) - Turkey
Continental Shelf/EEZ Coordinates Saint Lucia - Martinique Maritime
Boundary Coordinates Sao Tome and Principe Straight Baseline System
Sao Tome and Principe Ellipsoid and Datum Coordinates Sao Tome and
Principe - Equatorial Guinea Maritime Boundary Saudi Arabia - Iran
Maritime Boundary Coordinates Saudi Arabia - Kuwait Maritime
Boundary Senegal Straight Baseline System Senegal - Cape Verde
Maritime Boundary Cape Verde Archipelagic Baseline System Senegal -
Gambia Maritime Boundary Coordinates Seychelles EEZ and Continental
Shelf Singapore - Indonesia Maritime Boundary Coordinates Slovenia
(Former Yugoslavia) - Italy Maritime Boundary Coordinates Solomon
Islands Archipelagic Baseline System: The Main Group Archipelago
Solomon Islands Archipelagic Baseline System: The Rennell, Bellona,
and Indispensable Reef Atoll Archipelago Solomon Islands
Archipelagic Baseline System: Java Group Archipelago Solomon
Islands Archipelagic Baseline System: The Santa Cruz Islands
Archipelago Solomon Islands Archipelagic Baseline System: The Duff
Islands Archipelago Solomon Islands - Australia Maritime Boundary
Coordinates Solomon Islands - France (New Caledonia) Maritime
Boundary Solomon Islands - Papua New Guinea Maritime Boundary South
African Straight Baseline System Spain Straight Baseline System:
Atlantic Ocean Spain Straight Baseline System: Mediterranean Sea
Spain - Italy Continental Shelf Coordinates Sri Lanka - India
Maritime Boundary: Adam's Bridge to Palk Strait Sri Lanka - India
Maritime Boundary: Gulf of Manaar Sri Lanka - India Maritime
Boundary: Bay of Bengal Sweden Straight Baseline System Sweden
Straight Baseline System: U.S. Analysis Sweden - Denmark
Continental Shelf and Fishing Zone Sweden - Denmark Revised
Coordinates: The Sound Sweden - Finland Maritime Boundary
Coordinates Sweden - Germany Continental Shelf Coordinates16
Page 523 525 529 530 530 536 537 540 540 541 541 546 548 550 552
554 554 555 555 556 556 557 559 565 568 570 573 573 574 580 584 589
590 591 592
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T252. C1.T253. C1.T254. C1.T255.
C1.T256. C1.T257. C1.T258. C1.T259. C1.T260. C1.T261. C1.T262.
C1.T263. C1.T264. C1.T265. C1.T266. C1.T267. C1.T268. C1.T269.
C1.T270. C1.T271. C1.T272. C1.T273. C1.T274. C1.T275. C1.T276.
C1.T277. C1.T278. C1.T279. C1.T280. C1.T281. C1.T282. C1.T283.
C1.T284. C1.T285. C1.T286. C1.T287. C1.T288. Title Sweden - Poland
Maritime Boundary Coordinates Taiwan Straight Baseline System
Tanzania - Seychelles EEZ and Continental Shelf Thailand Straight
Baseline System: Areas 1-4 Trinidad and Tobago Archipelagic
Baseline System Trinidad and Tobago - Venezuela Maritime Boundary
Tunisia Archipelagic Baseline System Tunisia - Italy Continental
Shelf Coordinates Turkey - Bulgaria Maritime Boundary: Begendik and
Rezovo Bay Turkey - Bulgaria EEZ Coordinates Turkey - Georgia Black
Sea Boundary Turkey - Former USSR (Georgia, Russian Federation and
Ukraine) Continental Shelf/EEZ Coordinates Ukraine Straight
Baseline System: Black Sea Ukraine Straight Baseline System: Sea of
Azov Ukraine (Former USSR) - Turkey Continental Shelf/EEZ
Coordinates UAE (Dubai) - Iran Continental Shelf Coordinates UAE
(Abu Dhabi) - Qatar Maritime Boundary Coordinates U.K. Straight
Baseline System U.K. Bay Closing Points U.K. Straight Baselines:
Southampton and Isle of Wight Falkland Islands Baseline System U.K.
- U.S. Maritime Boundary: Caribbean U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Gulf of
Mexico U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Blake Plateau, Straits of Florida, and
Eastern Gulf of Mexico U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Central Gulf of Mexico
U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Western Gulf of Mexico U.S. EEZ Coordinates:
Pacific Coast U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Southern California Coast U.S.
EEZ Coordinates: Alaska U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Chukchi Sea, Bering
Strait, and Northern Bering Sea U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Southern
Bering Sea and Northern Pacific Ocean U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Alaska
Straight Baselines U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Caribbean Sea U.S. EEZ
Coordinates: Central and Western Pacific U.S. EEZ Coordinates:
Palmyra Atoll and Kingman Reef U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Wake Island
U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Jarvis Island17
Page 593 600 604 606 612 613 616 617 623 623 625 626 628 630 631
634 635 638 639 639 642 644 648 648 652 653 653 654 654 655 656 657
659 663 664 665 665
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T289. C1.T290. C1.T291. C1.T292.
C1.T293. C1.T294. C1.T295. C1.T296. C1.T297. C1.T298. C1.T299.
C1.T300. C1.T301. C1.T302. Title U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Howland and
Baker Islands U.S. - Canada Maritime Boundary: Gulf of Maine U.S. -
Cuba Maritime Boundary Coordinates U.S. - Russia Maritime Boundary
Coordinates U.S. - Venezuela Maritime Boundary Coordinates Uruguay
Baselines Uruguay - Argentina Maritime Boundary Vanuatu
Archipelagic Baseline System Venezuela - Dominican Republic
Maritime Boundary Venezuela - Netherlands Antilles Maritime
Boundary Venezuela - Trinidad and Tobago Maritime Boundary
Venezuela - U.S. Maritime Boundary Coordinates Vietnam Straight
Baseline System Vietnam - Thailand Maritime Boundary: Gulf of
Thailand Page 666 667 668 670 673 676 678 680 684 685 686 687 691
692
18
DoD 2005.1-M
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS The following abbreviations and
acronyms are used throughout the Manual: 200nm/CM EEZ EIF EXP LIS
LOS Convention m nm 1958 DEF 200 nautical miles or Continental
Margin Exclusive Economic Zone Entered Into Force Depth of
Exploitation Limits in the Sea; Department of State publication
1982 United Nations Law of the Sea Convention Meters Nautical Miles
(2000 yards = 1852 m) Definition of Continental Shelf contained in
the 1958 Geneva Convention on the Continental Shelf, which is "the
seabed and subsoil of the submarine areas adjacent to the coast but
outside the area of the territorial sea, to a depth of 200 m or,
beyond that limit, to where the depth of the superjacent waters
admits the exploitation of the natural resources of the said
areas."
19
June 23, 2005
FOREWORD This Manual is reissued under the authority of DoD
Instruction C-2005.1, "U.S. Program for the Exercise of Navigation
and Overflight Rights at Sea (U)," June 21, 1983. It provides a
general reference concerning the maritime claims of all coastal
nations. Its principal purpose is to facilitate the DoD Freedom of
Navigation Program. Consequently, in selecting data for inclusion,
primary emphasis has been placed on information concerning claims
directly affecting navigation and overflight. Limited information
has been included concerning other claims (e.g., Exclusive Economic
Zones (EEZ), continental shelf claims, and environmental
regulations). DoD 2005.1-M, Maritime Claims Reference Manual, April
2, 2001, is hereby canceled. This Manual is effective immediately
and is provided for use by all elements of the Department of
Defense, including the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the
Military Departments, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff,
the Combatant Commands, the Office of the Inspector General of the
Department of Defense, the Defense Agencies, DoD Field Activities,
and all organizational entities in the Department of Defense
(hereafter referred to collectively as the "DoD Components"). The
Heads of the DoD Components may issue supplementary information
consistent with this Manual when necessary to provide for unique
requirements within their respective Components. In case of
conflict with any other source of information issued within the
Department of Defense, the information in this Manual takes
precedence. The DoD Components, other Federal Agencies, and the
public may download this Manual from the DoD publications page on
the internet:
(http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/html/20051m.htm). The
maritime claims references in this Manual represent claims made by
the coastal nations. Some of the claims are inconsistent with
international law. The United States does not recognize those
maritime claims that are not in conformity with customary
international law, as reflected in the 1982 United Nations Law of
the Sea Convention. Examples include excessive straight baseline
claims, territorial sea claims in excess of 12 nautical miles (nm),
and other claims that unlawfully impede freedom of navigation and
overflight. This Manual notes many instances in which the United
States has protested excessive claims and conducted operational
assertions against such excessive claims under the Freedom of
Navigation Program. Failure to categorize any maritime claim as
excessive within this Manual does not indicate acceptance by the
United States of excessive claims.
2
DoD 2005.1-M
Every effort has been made to ensure that the claims referenced
in this Manual are accurate and up-to-date. Users must bear in
mind, however, that foreign statutes and decrees change frequently.
Most of the legislation and treaties cited in this Manual can be
accessed from the United Nations website:
(http://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/regionslist.htm).
This Manual will be updated by periodic changes, but users are
encouraged to consult other materials in conjunction with this
Manual when seeking authoritative determination of any particular
claim. It is recommended that operational commanders verify the
currency of the Manual with their Combatant Command when planning
sensitive exercises or operations. Compiling and maintaining an
accurate and up-to-date compendium of maritime claims is a sizeable
task. For this Manual to remain current, users in the field,
particularly the Combatant Commands, as well as Defense Attachs'
Offices, must assist in providing new legislation, decrees, or
other information that may alter any of the claims described
herein. Send recommended changes and updated information on
maritime claims, with supporting documentation, if possible, to the
agent responsible for preparation of this Manual: Department of
Defense Representative for Ocean Policy Affairs Washington, DC
20301-2400 Phone: Fax: (703) 697-9161 (703) 695-8073 DSN 227-9161
DSN 225-8073
This Manual provides a summary sheet listing the maritime claims
of each coastal state, including the date of each claim, its source
or title, the breadth of the claim where applicable, and notes of
significance. Each summary is arranged by headings in the following
order: Territorial Sea Archipelagic, Straight Baselines, &
Historic Claims Contiguous Zone Continental Shelf Fishing Zone/EEZ
Environmental Regulation Maritime Boundaries LOS Convention All
headings for which a particular nation has no known claim have been
omitted. For many countries, a summary is followed by text from
legislation, agreements, and explanatory comments. Tables have been
included to list coordinates and pertinent information regarding
maritime claims. These tables have been numbered pursuant to DoD
5025.1-M. In most cases, the table format does not appear in the
cited legislation.
3
DoD 2005.1-M
For background on the legal regimes and geographic aspects of
maritime claims, refer to Chapter 1, "Legal Divisions of the Oceans
and Airspace," in the Commander's Handbook on the Law of Naval
Operations, NWP 1-14M (formerly NWP 9 (Rev. A)), MCWP 5-2.1,
COMDTPUB P5800.7 (1995).
4
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 2 5 9 18
FOREWORD TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLES ABBREVIATIONS AND/OR ACRONYMS
CHAPTER 1 - MARITIME CLAIMS OF COASTAL STATES Albania Algeria
Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Australia Bahamas Bahrain
Bangladesh Barbados Belgium Belize Benin Bosnia and Herzegovina
Brazil Brunei Bulgaria Burma Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde
Chile China Colombia Comoros Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Congo, Republic of the Costa Rica Cote d'Ivoire Croatia
19 21 26 28 29 35 64 65 68 71 72 75 76 77 78 80 81 84 90 93 96
117 121 126 134 141 142 143 144 147 148
5
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLE OF CONTENTS, Continued Page 153 162 167 179 185 188 189
192 193 196 203 204 212 213 222 227 234 239 243 245 247 251 258 259
260 261 262 263 265 266 269 273 275 280 302 306 309 314 315 324
327
Cuba Cyprus Denmark Denmark Dependencies Djibouti Dominica
Dominican Republic East Timor Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial
Guinea Eritrea Estonia Fiji Finland France French Overseas
Departments and Dependencies Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana
Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras
Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica
Japan
6
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLE OF CONTENTS, Continued Page 341 342 345 346 349 355 359
361 362 363 365 367 373 378 381 383 384 386 391 397 398 400 407 412
413 414 417 419 420 424 425 428 441 448 451 452 456 461 463 473 478
483
Jordan Kenya Kiribati Korea, North Korea, South Kuwait Latvia
Lebanon Liberia Libya Lithuania Madagascar Malaysia Maldives Malta
Marshall Islands Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Micronesia Monaco
Morocco Mozambique Namibia Nauru Netherlands Netherlands
Dependencies New Zealand New Zealand Dependencies Nicaragua Nigeria
Norway Oman Pakistan Palau Panama Papua New Guinea Peru Philippines
Poland Portugal Qatar
7
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLE OF CONTENTS, Continued Page 487 489 524 525 527 528 529
532 539 543 545 547 548 550 552 558 559 564 572 575 577 578 595 597
602 605 610 611 612 615 621 627 628 633 636 641 646 675 680 682 689
693
Romania Russian Federation Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Saudi
Arabia Senegal Serbia and Montenegro Seychelles Sierra Leone
Singapore Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa Spain Sri
Lanka Sudan Suriname Sweden Syria Taiwan Tanzania Thailand Togo
Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Tuvalu Ukraine United Arab
Emirates United Kingdom United Kingdom: British Overseas
Territories United States of America Uruguay Vanuatu Venezuela
Vietnam Yemen
8
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES**The Tables are included pursuant to DoD Instruction
2025.1-M. The Tables appear throughout the document for ease of
reading coordinates and legislative enactments. The Tables and
Table numbers are not included in the published legislation or
cited document.
Table C1.T1. C1.T2. C1.T3. C1.T4. C1.T5. C1.T6. C1.T7. C1.T8.
C1.T9. C1.T10. C1.T11. C1.T12. C1.T13. C1.T14. C1.T15. C1.T16.
C1.T17. C1.T18. C1.T19. C1.T20. C1.T21. C1.T22. C1.T23. C1.T24.
C1.T25. C1.T26. C1.T27. C1.T28. C1.T29.
Title Albanian Straight Baseline System Algerian Straight
Baseline System Angolan Straight Closing Lines Angolan Straight
Baseline System: U.S. Analysis Access Zone to the Strait of
Magellan Argentine Coordinates for Resource Exploitation Australian
Straight Baseline System: Coast of the Mainland of Australia
Australian Straight Baseline System: Coast of the Mainland of
Tasmania Australian Straight Baseline System: Islands off the Coast
of the States and the Northern Territory Australian Straight
Baseline System: Aubusi, Boigu and Moimi Australian Straight
Baseline System: Dauan, Kaumag and Saibai Australian Straight
Baseline System: Anchor Cay and East Cay Australian Straight
Baseline System: Black Rocks and Bramble Cay Australian Straight
Baseline System: Deliverance Island and Kerr Islet Australian
Straight Baseline System: Turnagain Island Australian Straight
Baseline System: Turu Cay Australian Straight Baseline System:
Pearce Cay Australian Historic Bays and Baseline Points Indonesia -
Papua New Guinea Maritime Boundary Bahrain - Qatar Maritime
Boundary Bangladesh Straight Baseline System Belgian EEZ
Coordinates Belgium - France Territorial Sea Boundary Belgium -
Netherlands Territorial Sea Boundary Bulgaria -Turkey
Begendik/Rezovo Bay Boundary Bulgaria -Turkey Black Sea Boundary
Burma Straight Baseline System Burma Straight Baseline System: U.S.
Analysis Burma - Thailand: Andaman Sea Boundary
Page 20 22 26 27 31 32 37 46 48 50 52 54 56 56 58 60 61 62 63 66
69 73 73 74 82 83 85 86 88
9
DoD 2005.1-M
C1.T30. Burma - Thailand Maritime Boundary: U.S. Analysis
89
10
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T31. C1.T32. C1.T33. C1.T34. C1.T35.
C1.T36. C1.T37. C1.T38. C1.T39. C1.T40. C1.T41. C1.T42. C1.T43.
C1.T44. C1.T45. C1.T46. C1.T47. C1.T48. C1.T49. C1.T50. C1.T51.
C1.T52. C1.T53. C1.T54. C1.T55. C1.T56. C1.T57. C1.T58. C1.T59.
C1.T60. C1.T61. C1.T62. C1.T63. C1.T64. C1.T65. C1.T66. Title
Cambodian Straight Baseline System Cameroon - Nigeria Boundary
Canadian Straight Baseline System: Nova Scotia Canadian Straight
Baseline System: Newfoundland Canadian Straight Baseline System:
Vancouver Island Canadian Straight Baseline System: Queen Charlotte
Islands Canadian Straight Baseline System: Canadian Arctic Islands
and Mainland, Schedule I, (Subsection 4(1)), Area 7 Canadian
Straight Baseline System: Canadian Arctic Islands and Mainland,
Schedule II, (Subsection 4(2)), Area 7 Canadian Straight Baseline
System: Canadian Arctic Islands and Mainland, Schedule III,
(Subsection 4(3)), Area 7 Canada - France (St. Pierre and Miquelon)
Maritime Boundary Canada - France (St. Pierre and Miquelon)
Territorial Sea Boundary: U.S. Analysis Cape Verde Archipelagic
Baseline System Cape Verde - Senegal EEZ and Continental Shelf
Coordinates Cape Verde Archipelagic Baselines Chile Straight
Baseline Coordinates China Straight Baselines: Mainland and Hainan
Island China Straight Baselines: Xisha (Paracel) Islands Colombian
Straight Baseline System: Pacific Coast Colombian Straight Baseline
System: Atlantic Coast Colombia - Costa Rica Maritime Boundary:
Caribbean Sea Colombia - Haiti Maritime Boundary Colombia -
Honduras Maritime Boundary Colombia - Jamaica Maritime Boundary
Colombia - Panama Territorial Sea Boundary: Caribbean Sea Colombia
- Panama EEZ Boundary: Caribbean Sea Colombia - Panama Boundary:
Pacific Costa Rica - Colombia Maritime Boundary Coordinates Croatia
Straight Baseline System: U.S. Analysis Cuba Straight Baseline
System Distance Between Cuban Straight Baseline Segments Cuba -
U.S. Maritime Boundary Coordinates Cuba - Mexico Maritime Boundary
Coordinates Cyprus Baseline System Cyprus - U.K. (Sovereign Base
Areas) Territorial Sea Boundary Cyprus - Egypt EEZ Boundary Denmark
Straight Baseline System: Jutland-Funen Page 92 94 98 100 104 105
106 111 113 114 115 118 119 120 122 131 132 135 135 136 138 138 139
139 140 140 145 150 154 158 159 160 162 165 166 169
11
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T67. C1.T68. C1.T69. C1.T70. C1.T71.
C1.T72. C1.T73. C1.T74. C1.T75. C1.T76. C1.T77. C1.T78. C1.T79.
C1.T80. C1.T81. C1.T82. C1.T83. C1.T84. C1.T85. C1.T86. C1.T87.
C1.T88. C1.T89. C1.T90. C1.T91. C1.T92. C1.T93. C1.T94. C1.T95.
C1.T96. C1.T97. C1.T98. C1.T99. C1.T100. C1.T101. C1.T102. C1.T103.
C1.T104. C1.T105. Title Denmark Straight Baseline System: Sealand
and the Islands South of Sealand Denmark Straight Baseline System:
Laeso Denmark Straight Baseline System: Christianso Denmark
Straight Baseline System: Anholt Faroe Islands Straight Baseline
System West Greenland Straight Baseline System East Greenland
Straight Baseline System Djibouti Straight Baseline System Djibouti
Straight Baselines: U.S. Analysis Dominican Republic Straight
Baseline System: U.S. Analysis Domincan Republic EEZ Coordinates
Egyptian Straight Baseline System: Mediterranean Sea Egyptian
Straight Baseline System: Red Sea Egypt - Cyprus EEZ Boundary
Equatorial Guinea Maritime Boundary Coordinates Equatorial Guinea -
Nigeria Boundary Equatorial Guinea - Sao Tome and Principe Maritime
Boundary Coordinates Estonia Baseline System Estonian Territorial
Sea Boundary Estonia - Latvia Maritime Boundary Coordinates Fiji
Archipelagic Baselines Fiji (Rotuma and Its Dependencies) Straight
Baselines Finland Inner Territorial Waters Coordinates Finland -
Sweden Maritime Boundary Coordinates French Straight Baseline
System French Straight Baselines: U.S. Analysis France (Reunion) -
Mauritius Maritime Boundary Gabon Straight Baseline System Georgia
- Turkey Black Sea Boundary Georgia - Turkey Continental Shelf/EEZ
Coordinates German Territorial Sea Coordinates: North Sea German
Territorial Sea Coordinates: Baltic Sea German EEZ Coordinates:
North Sea German EEZ Coordinates: Baltic Sea Guinea-Bissau Straight
Baseline System Haiti Baseline Segments: U.S. Analysis Honduras
Baseline Segments: U.S. Analysis Iceland Straight Baseline System
India - Burma Maritime Boundary: Andaman Sea and Coco Channel12
Page 171 173 174 175 180 181 183 186 187 190 191 197 199 202 204
209 210 214 217 221 224 225 228 230 235 237 242 243 248 250 252 253
254 255 263 267 271 273 277
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T106. C1.T107. C1.T108. C1.T109.
C1.T110. C1.T111. C1.T112. C1.T113. C1.T114. C1.T115. C1.T116.
C1.T117. C1.T118. C1.T119. C1.T120. C1.T121. C1.T122. C1.T123.
C1.T124. C1.T125. C1.T126. C1.T127. C1.T128. C1.T129. C1.T130.
C1.T131. C1.T132. C1.T133. C1.T134. C1.T135. C1.T136. C1.T137.
C1.T138. C1.T139. C1.T140. C1.T141. C1.T142. Title India - Burma
Maritime Boundary: Bay of Bengal India - Indonesia -Thailand Common
Trijunction Points India - Sri Lanka Maritime Boundary Coordinates
India - Sri Lanka Maritime Boundary: U.S. Analysis India - Sri
Lanka National Baseline Positions Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes
Designation: Sea Lane I Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes
Designation: Sea Lane II Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes
Designation: Sea Lane III Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes
Designation: Sea Lane III-B, III-C Indonesian Archipelagic Sea
Lanes Designation: Sea Lane III-D, III-E Indonesian Archipelagic
Baseline System Indonesia - Papua New Guinea Maritime Boundary
Coordinates Indonesia - Malaysia Maritime Boundary Coordinates
Indonesia - Malaysia Maritime Boundary: U.S. Analysis Indonesia -
Malaysia - Thailand Common Point Indonesia - Singapore Maritime
Boundary: Strait of Singapore Indonesia - Thailand Turning Points
Indonesia - Thailand Basepoint 1 Indonesia - Thailand Basepoint 2
Iran Straight Baseline Claims Iran Baseline Claims: U.S. Analysis
Iraq - Kuwait Boundary Coordinates: Between Umm Qasr and the
Junction of the Khowrs Iraq - Kuwait Boundary Coordinates: Junction
of the Khowrs along the Median Line of the Khowr Abd Allah Ireland
Straight Baseline System Ireland Straight Baseline Segments: U.S.
Analysis Israel - Jordan Boundary: Gulf of Aqaba Italy Straight
Baseline System Italy - France Maritime Boundary Coordinates Italy
- Greece Maritime Boundary Coordinates Italy - Slovenia (Former
Yugoslavia) Maritime Boundary Coordinates Italy - Tunisia Maritime
Boundary Coordinates Jamaica Archipelagic Baseline System Jamaica -
Colombia Maritime Boundary Coordinates Japan Straight Baseline
System Japan - South Korea Maritime Boundary Coordinates Jordan -
Israel Boundary: Gulf of Aqaba Kenya Territorial Sea13
Page 277 278 278 278 279 282 283 283 284 285 285 297 297 298 299
300 301 301 301 303 305 306 307 310 312 314 316 319 320 320 321 324
326 329 339 341 343
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T143. C1.T144. C1.T145. C1.T146.
C1.T147. C1.T148. C1.T149. C1.T150. C1.T151. C1.T152. C1.T153.
C1.T154. C1.T155. C1.T156. C1.T157. C1.T158. C1.T159. C1.T160.
C1.T161. C1.T162. C1.T163. C1.T164. C1.T165. C1.T166. C1.T167.
C1.T168. C1.T169. C1.T170. C1.T171. C1.T172. C1.T173. C1.T174.
C1.T175. C1.T176. C1.T177. Title Kenya - Tanzania Maritime Boundary
Baselines Kenya - Tanzania: Description Of Boundary North Korea
Military Zone Coordinates: East Coast North Korea Military Zone
Coordinates: West Coast South Korea Straight Baseline System South
Korea - Japan Maritime Boundary Coordinates South Korea - Japan
Joint Development Zone Kuwait - Iraq Boundary Coordinates: Between
Umm Qasr and the Junction of the Khowrs Kuwait - Iraq Boundary
Coordinates: Junction of the Khowrs along the Median Line of the
Khowr Abd Allah Kuwait - Saudi Arabia Maritime Boundary Latvia -
Estonia Maritime Boundary Coordinates Libya - Malta Continental
Shelf Coordinates Lithuania - Russian Federation EEZ/Continental
Shelf Coordinates Madagascar Straight Baseline System Madagascar
Straight Baseline System: U.S. Analysis Madagascar Straight
Baseline System: Significant Portions Malaysia - Indonesia Maritime
Boundary Coordinates Malaysia - Indonesia Boundary Points: U.S.
Analysis Malaysia - Thailand Maritime Boundary: Distance Between
Turning Points Maldives Archipelagic Straight Baseline Coordinates
Malta - Libya Continental Shelf Coordinates EEZ Coordinates for the
Islands of Mauritius, Rofrigues, Cargados Carajos, Agalega and
Tromelin Chagos Archipelago EEZ Coordinates Mauritius - France
(Reunion) Maritime Boundary Coordinates Mexico Straight Baseline
System Mexico - Cuba Maritime Boundary Coordinates Mexico - U.S.
Territorial Sea Boundary: Pacific Ocean and Gulf of Mexico Mexico -
U.S. Additional Boundary Coordinates: Gulf of Mexico and Pacific
Ocean Monaco - France Maritime Boundary Coordinates Morocco
Straight Baseline System: Atlantic Morocco Straight Baseline
System: Strait of Gibraltar and the Mediterranean Morocco
Territorial Sea Mozambique Straight Baseline System Mozambique
Straight Baseline System: U.S. Analysis Mozambique - Tanzania
Maritime Boundary Coordinates14
Page 344 344 347 347 350 352 353 355 356 357 360 364 366 367 370
372 374 375 376 379 382 388 389 390 393 394 395 395 398 400 402 405
407 408 410
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T178. C1.T179. C1.T180. C1.T181.
C1.T182. C1.T183. C1.T184. C1.T185. C1.T186. C1.T187. C1.T188.
C1.T189. C1.T190. C1.T191. C1.T192. C1.T193. C1.T194. C1.T195.
C1.T196. C1.T197. C1.T198. C1.T199. C1.T200. C1.T201. C1.T202.
C1.T203. C1.T204. C1.T205. C1.T206. C1.T207. C1.T208. C1.T209.
C1.T210. C1.T211. C1.T212. C1.T213. C1.T214. C1.T215. C1.T216.
Title Netherlands - Belgium Territorial Sea Boundary Cook Islands -
U.S. (American Samoa) Maritime Boundary Coordinates Cook Islands -
France (French Polynesia) Maritime Boundary Coordinates New Zealand
(Tokelau) - U.S. (American Samoa) Maritime Boundary Coordinates
Niue - U.S. (American Samoa) Maritime Boundary Coordinates Nigeria
- Equatorial Guinea Partial Maritime Boundary Nigeria - Cameroon
Maritime Boundary Mainland Norway Straight Baselines Norwegian
Straight Baselines: Jan Mayen Norwegian Straight Baselines:
Svalbard Oman Straight Baseline System Oman Straight Baseline
System: U.S. Analysis Oman - Iran Continental Shelf Boundary Oman -
Pakistan Maritime Boundary Coordinates Oman - Yemen Maritime
Boundary Pakistan Straight Baseline System Pakistan - Oman Maritime
Boundary Coordinates Panama - Colombia Maritime Boundary: Caribbean
Sea Panama - Colombia Maritime Boundary: Pacific Ocean Papua New
Guinea Archipelagic Baseline System Papua New Guinea - Indonesia
Maritime Boundary: U.S. Analysis Philippines Straight Baseline
System Poland - Germany Continental Shelf: Baltic Sea Poland -
Germany Territorial Sea Boundary: Oder Bight Poland - Russia
Maritime Boundary Coordinates Poland - Sweden Maritime Boundary
Coordinates Portugal Straight Baselines: Continental Coast Portugal
Straight Baselines: Madeiras Portugal Straight Baselines: Azores
Qatar - UAE (Abu Dhabi) Maritime Boundary Coordinates Qatar -
Bahrain Maritime Boundary Qatar - Iran Continental Shelf
Coordinates Romania Straight Baseline System Russia Straight
Baseline System: Pacific Ocean Russia Straight Baseline System:
Arctic Ocean Russia Straight Baseline System: Baltic Sea Russia -
Finland Maritime Boundary Coordinates Russia - Norway Maritime
Boundary Coordinates Russia - Poland Maritime Boundary
Coordinates15
Page 416 421 422 422 423 425 426 429 432 434 442 444 446 446 447
449 450 453 454 457 460 464 474 475 476 476 479 480 481 484 484 486
488 491 501 517 518 520 522
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T217. C1.T218. C1.T219. C1.T220.
C1.T221. C1.T222. C1.T223. C1.T224. C1.T225. C1.T226. C1.T227.
C1.T228. C1.T229. C1.T230. C1.T231. C1.T232. C1.T233. C1.T234.
C1.T235. C1.T236. C1.T237. C1.T238. C1.T239. C1.T240. C1.T241.
C1.T242. C1.T243. C1.T244. C1.T245. C1.T246. C1.T247. C1.T248.
C1.T249. C1.T250. C1.T251. Title Russia (Former USSR) - Turkey
Continental Shelf/EEZ Coordinates Saint Lucia - Martinique Maritime
Boundary Coordinates Sao Tome and Principe Straight Baseline System
Sao Tome and Principe Ellipsoid and Datum Coordinates Sao Tome and
Principe - Equatorial Guinea Maritime Boundary Saudi Arabia - Iran
Maritime Boundary Coordinates Saudi Arabia - Kuwait Maritime
Boundary Senegal Straight Baseline System Senegal - Cape Verde
Maritime Boundary Cape Verde Archipelagic Baseline System Senegal -
Gambia Maritime Boundary Coordinates Seychelles EEZ and Continental
Shelf Singapore - Indonesia Maritime Boundary Coordinates Slovenia
(Former Yugoslavia) - Italy Maritime Boundary Coordinates Solomon
Islands Archipelagic Baseline System: The Main Group Archipelago
Solomon Islands Archipelagic Baseline System: The Rennell, Bellona,
and Indispensable Reef Atoll Archipelago Solomon Islands
Archipelagic Baseline System: Java Group Archipelago Solomon
Islands Archipelagic Baseline System: The Santa Cruz Islands
Archipelago Solomon Islands Archipelagic Baseline System: The Duff
Islands Archipelago Solomon Islands - Australia Maritime Boundary
Coordinates Solomon Islands - France (New Caledonia) Maritime
Boundary Solomon Islands - Papua New Guinea Maritime Boundary South
African Straight Baseline System Spain Straight Baseline System:
Atlantic Ocean Spain Straight Baseline System: Mediterranean Sea
Spain - Italy Continental Shelf Coordinates Sri Lanka - India
Maritime Boundary: Adam's Bridge to Palk Strait Sri Lanka - India
Maritime Boundary: Gulf of Manaar Sri Lanka - India Maritime
Boundary: Bay of Bengal Sweden Straight Baseline System Sweden
Straight Baseline System: U.S. Analysis Sweden - Denmark
Continental Shelf and Fishing Zone Sweden - Denmark Revised
Coordinates: The Sound Sweden - Finland Maritime Boundary
Coordinates Sweden - Germany Continental Shelf Coordinates16
Page 523 525 529 530 530 536 537 540 540 541 541 546 548 550 552
554 554 555 555 556 556 557 559 565 568 570 573 573 574 580 584 589
590 591 592
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T252. C1.T253. C1.T254. C1.T255.
C1.T256. C1.T257. C1.T258. C1.T259. C1.T260. C1.T261. C1.T262.
C1.T263. C1.T264. C1.T265. C1.T266. C1.T267. C1.T268. C1.T269.
C1.T270. C1.T271. C1.T272. C1.T273. C1.T274. C1.T275. C1.T276.
C1.T277. C1.T278. C1.T279. C1.T280. C1.T281. C1.T282. C1.T283.
C1.T284. C1.T285. C1.T286. C1.T287. C1.T288. Title Sweden - Poland
Maritime Boundary Coordinates Taiwan Straight Baseline System
Tanzania - Seychelles EEZ and Continental Shelf Thailand Straight
Baseline System: Areas 1-4 Trinidad and Tobago Archipelagic
Baseline System Trinidad and Tobago - Venezuela Maritime Boundary
Tunisia Archipelagic Baseline System Tunisia - Italy Continental
Shelf Coordinates Turkey - Bulgaria Maritime Boundary: Begendik and
Rezovo Bay Turkey - Bulgaria EEZ Coordinates Turkey - Georgia Black
Sea Boundary Turkey - Former USSR (Georgia, Russian Federation and
Ukraine) Continental Shelf/EEZ Coordinates Ukraine Straight
Baseline System: Black Sea Ukraine Straight Baseline System: Sea of
Azov Ukraine (Former USSR) - Turkey Continental Shelf/EEZ
Coordinates UAE (Dubai) - Iran Continental Shelf Coordinates UAE
(Abu Dhabi) - Qatar Maritime Boundary Coordinates U.K. Straight
Baseline System U.K. Bay Closing Points U.K. Straight Baselines:
Southampton and Isle of Wight Falkland Islands Baseline System U.K.
- U.S. Maritime Boundary: Caribbean U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Gulf of
Mexico U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Blake Plateau, Straits of Florida, and
Eastern Gulf of Mexico U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Central Gulf of Mexico
U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Western Gulf of Mexico U.S. EEZ Coordinates:
Pacific Coast U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Southern California Coast U.S.
EEZ Coordinates: Alaska U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Chukchi Sea, Bering
Strait, and Northern Bering Sea U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Southern
Bering Sea and Northern Pacific Ocean U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Alaska
Straight Baselines U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Caribbean Sea U.S. EEZ
Coordinates: Central and Western Pacific U.S. EEZ Coordinates:
Palmyra Atoll and Kingman Reef U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Wake Island
U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Jarvis Island17
Page 593 600 604 606 612 613 616 617 623 623 625 626 628 630 631
634 635 638 639 639 642 644 648 648 652 653 653 654 654 655 656 657
659 663 664 665 665
DoD 2005.1-M
TABLES, Continued Table C1.T289. C1.T290. C1.T291. C1.T292.
C1.T293. C1.T294. C1.T295. C1.T296. C1.T297. C1.T298. C1.T299.
C1.T300. C1.T301. C1.T302. Title U.S. EEZ Coordinates: Howland and
Baker Islands U.S. - Canada Maritime Boundary: Gulf of Maine U.S. -
Cuba Maritime Boundary Coordinates U.S. - Russia Maritime Boundary
Coordinates U.S. - Venezuela Maritime Boundary Coordinates Uruguay
Baselines Uruguay - Argentina Maritime Boundary Vanuatu
Archipelagic Baseline System Venezuela - Dominican Republic
Maritime Boundary Venezuela - Netherlands Antilles Maritime
Boundary Venezuela - Trinidad and Tobago Maritime Boundary
Venezuela - U.S. Maritime Boundary Coordinates Vietnam Straight
Baseline System Vietnam - Thailand Maritime Boundary: Gulf of
Thailand Page 666 667 668 670 673 676 678 680 684 685 686 687 691
692
18
DoD 2005.1-M
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS The following abbreviations and
acronyms are used throughout the Manual: 200nm/CM EEZ EIF EXP LIS
LOS Convention m nm 1958 DEF 200 nautical miles or Continental
Margin Exclusive Economic Zone Entered Into Force Depth of
Exploitation Limits in the Sea; Department of State publication
1982 United Nations Law of the Sea Convention Meters Nautical Miles
(2000 yards = 1852 m) Definition of Continental Shelf contained in
the 1958 Geneva Convention on the Continental Shelf, which is "the
seabed and subsoil of the submarine areas adjacent to the coast but
outside the area of the territorial sea, to a depth of 200 m or,
beyond that limit, to where the depth of the superjacent waters
admits the exploitation of the natural resources of the said
areas."
19
DoD 2005.1-M
ALBANIASUMMARY OF CLAIMS
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
TYPE DATE SOURCE LIMITS NOTES
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
TERRITORIAL SEA Apr 70 Decree No. 4650 12nm Foreign warships and
military airplanes may enter Albanian territorial sea and air space
only with prior permission. Feb 76 Decree No. 5384 15nm U.S.
protested new law (extension of territorial sea to 15nm, excessive
new straight baselines, and continued prior permission requirement)
in 1989 (see LIS, No. 116) and conducted operational assertions in
1985, 1986, 1997, 1998, and 1999. Rolled back territorial sea to
12nm, but maintained prior permission requirement.
Mar 90
Decree No. 7366 (modifying Decrees No. 4650 & 5384)
12nm
This requirement is not recognized by the U.S. Operational
assertions conducted in 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2001.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ARCHIPELAGIC, Jul 59 Decree No. 2960 Established straight baselines
for northern STRAIGHT BASELINES, & two-thirds of national
coastline. HISTORIC CLAIMS Apr 70 Decree No. 4650 Straight
baselines reiterated. Feb 76 Mar 90 Decree No. 5384 Decree No. 7366
Baseline modifications. Straight baselines reiterated.
These straight baselines claims are not recognized by the U.S.
U.S. protested baselines in 1989.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
CONTINENTAL SHELF Dec 64 Became party to the 1958 Convention on the
Continental Shelf. Apr 70 Decree No. 4650
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
FISHING ZONE/EEZ Sep 52 Decree No. 1535 12nm Fishery zone. Feb 76
Decree No. 5384 15nm Fishery zone.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
MARITIME BOUNDARIES Dec 92 Treaty Continental shelf boundary
agreement with Italy.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
LOS CONVENTION Jun 2003 Acceded to Convention; bound by Part XI
Agreement.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
STRAIGHT BASELINE LEGISLATION Following is the text of Decree No.
7366, dated 24 March 1990, a Modification to Decree No. 4650, on
the State Border of the People's Republic of Albania, regarding the
Albanian territorial sea and straight baseline system.
19
DoD 2005.1-MArticle 1 The first paragraph, Article 4, of Decree
No. 4650, should be modified as follows: The territorial waters of
the People's Republic of Albania are extended along the entire
coastline over a width of 12 nautical miles (22,224 m), beginning
with the basic straight line running from Rodon Cape (Muzhli),
Palle Cape, Lagji Cape (Turra Castle), Seman Cape, the Josa River
estuary, the north-eastern shore of Sazan Island, Gjuheza and Grama
Gulf Cape, then between the Albanian shore and the Greek islands up
to the middle of the Corfu Channel. The width of the territorial
waters from the Buna River estuary to Rodon Cape is extended up to
the Albanian-Yugoslavian border line. U.S. ANALYSIS The following
analysis of the Albanian straight baseline system is extracted from
Limits in the Seas, No. 116, "Straight Baseline Claims: Albania and
Egypt," 6 May 1994. The [1990] Decree defines the baselines
geographically by citing seven different features on the Albanian
coastline, but giving no coordinates. The baseline lengths range
from about 5 miles to approximately 16 miles. TABLE C1.T1. ALBANIAN
STRAIGHT BASELINE SYSTEM Coastline Points Distance between Points
(miles - approximate) 11 16 14 15 10 5
Cape Rondo to Cape Palla to Cape Lagji to Cape Seman to Vjose
River to Sazan Island to
Cape Palla Cape Lagji Cape Seman Vjose River Sazan Island Cape
Gjuheza
There is only one island, Sazan Island, used as a basepoint, so
the "fringing islands" criterion, cited in Article 7 of the LOS
Convention, cannot be used to justify the straight baselines.
Moreover, the coastline is relatively smooth and, therefore, the
"deeply indented" coastline requirement is not met. Vlores Bay can
be defined as a juridical bay by drawing a closing line which would
be situated landward of Sazan Island. Other than this closing line,
the baseline for the remaining Albanian coast should be the
"normal" baseline, which is the low-water line as marked on
large-scale charts officially recognized by Albania.
20
DoD 2005.1-M
ALGERIASUMMARY OF CLAIMS
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
TYPE DATE SOURCE LIMITS NOTES
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
TERRITORIAL SEA Oct 63 Decree No. 63-403 12nm Foreign warships must
obtain prior permission for innocent passage. Oct 72 Decree No.
72-194 Foreign military-related vessels must request authorization
15 days prior to entering territorial sea. Reaffirmed that passage
of warships in the territorial sea is subject to a 15-day advance
authorization except in cases of force majeure.
Jun 96
Declaration on ratifying the LOS Convention
This requirement is not recognized by the U.S. The U.S.
protested in 1964 and 1982 and conducted operational assertions in
1979, 1984, 1986, 1987, 1992, 1997, and 2001.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ARCHIPELAGIC, Aug 84 Decree No. 84-181 Established straight
baselines. STRAIGHT BASELINES, & HISTORIC CLAIMS
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
FISHING ZONE/EEZ Oct 72 Decree No. 72-194 12nm Established fishing
zone 32nm between the western maritime border and Ras Tenes and
52nm between Ras Tenes and the eastern maritime border.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
MARITIME BOUNDARIES Feb 2002 Agreement Provisional maritime
boundary with Tunisia
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
LOS CONVENTION Dec 82 Signed Convention, with Declaration
confirming it does not recognize certain other signatories. Jul 94
Jun 96 Signed Part XI Agreement. Jun 94 Decree No. 94-13
Ratified Convention, with Declaration reaffirming that passage
of warships in the territorial sea is subject to 15 day advance
authorization except in cases of force majeure. Bound by Part XI
Agreement.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
STRAIGHT BASELINE LEGISLATION Following is extracted from Decree
No. 84-181 of 4 Aug 1984, defining the baselines for measuring the
breadth of the maritime zones under national jurisdiction:
21
DoD 2005.1-MArticle 2 The lines delimiting the maritime zones in
question shall be defined by the following coordinates: TABLE
C1.T2. ALGERIAN STRAIGHT BASELINE SYSTEM ALGERIAN STRAIGHT BASELINE
SYSTEM GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION LATITUDE NORTH LONGITUDE WEST
FROM THE ALGERIAN-MOROCCAN FRONTIER TO RACHGOUN ISLAND (ALGERIAN
CHART NO. 1201) Algerian-Moroccan frontier to Ras El Ouareye Rock
Ras El Ouareye Rock to Ras El Ouareye Ras El Ouareye - Kef Bou
Madane Kef Bou Madane - Ras Kela Ras Kela - Kef Riba Kef Riba -
Jetty Light Jetty Light - Point west of Ras Tarsa Point west of Ras
Tarsa - Ras Chennaira 035 06' 04" N 035 06' 12" N 035 05' 44" N 035
04' 44" N 035 05' 12" N 035 06' 22" N 035 07' 45" N 035 10' 45" N
002 10' 02" W 002 09' 08" W 002 06' 58" W 002 01' 10" W 001 56' 03"
W 001 52' 03" W 001 48' 54" W 001 41' 54" W
RACHGOUN ISLAND TO MERSAT MEDEKH (ALGERIAN CHART NO. 1202) Ras
Chennaira Rachgoun Island Rachgoun Island Habibas Islands Habibas
Islands - N.E. Habibas Islands N.E. Habibas Islands - Plane Island
Plane Island - Ras Falcon BAY OF ORAN Ras Falcon - Ras Aiguille Ras
Aiguille - Aiguille Rock Aiguille Rock - Ras Ferrat Ras Ferrat -
Rock above water at low tide Rock above water at low tide - Ras
Carbon 035 52' 46" N 035 53' 24" N 035 54' 40" N 035 54' 48" N 035
54' 38" N 000 28' 58" W 000 28' 12" W 000 23' 00" W 000 22' 23" W
000 20' 05" W 035 19' 38" N 035 43' 24" N 035 44' 00" N 035 46' 24"
N 035 45' 35" N 001 28' 48" W 001 08' 48" W 001 07' 00" W 000 53'
56" W 000 46' 45" W
BORDJ BOUABED TO ARZEW (ALGERIAN CHART NO. 1203) BAY OF ARZEW
Ras Carbon - Mouth of Oued Chlef Mouth of Oued Chlef Ras Ouillis
Rock Ras Ouillis Rock - Kef El-Asfer Rock Kef El-Asfer Rock - Kef
El-Aoua 036 02' 32" N 036 06' 30" N 036 11' 43" N 036 12' 48" N 000
08' 06" E 000 12' 00" E 000 20' 43" E 000 23' 45" E
RAS AIGUILLE TO KEF EL-AOUA AND BOURTMENARD TO KEF ES-SOUARI
(ALGERIAN CHARTS NOS. 1204 AND 1205) Kef El-Aoua - Ras Kramis 036
19' 53" N 000 39' 36" E
22
DoD 2005.1-MALGERIAN STRAIGHT BASELINE SYSTEM GEOGRAPHIC
LOCATION Ras Kramis - Ras Magroua Ras Magroua - Hadjrat Nadji
Hadjrat Nadji - Ras Nadji Ras Nadji - Pointe Rouge Pointe Rouge -
Kalah Islet Kalah Islet - Ras Tenes Ras Tenes - Calle Genoise
LATITUDE NORTH 036 22' 00" N 036 26' 20" N 036 26' 54" N 036 29'
48" N 036 31' 06" N 036 33' 12" N 036 33' 20" N LONGITUDE WEST 000
48' 30" E 000 55' 12" E 000 56' 17" E 001 05' 10" E 001 11' 08" E
001 20' 31" E 001 22' 08" E
KEF ES-SOUARI TO TIPAZA (ALGERIAN CHART NO. 1206) Calle Genoise
- Kef Es-Souari Kef Es-Souari - Djilari Rock Djilari Rock - Tokibt
Indich Islet Tokibt Indich Islet - Kef Taska Kef Taska - Berinshel
Islet 036 32' 30" N 036' 33' 30" N 036 35' 40" N 036 34' 55" N 036
38' 57" N TIPAZA TO RAS MATIFOU (ALGERIAN CHART NO. 1207) Berinshel
Islet - Les Deux Ilots Les Deux Ilots - Sidi Fredj Sidi Fredj - Kef
Acrata Kef Acrata - Ras Caxine Ras Caxine - Kef Rais Hamidou 036
37' 42" N 036 46' 04" N 036 48' 28" N 036 49' 12" N 036 49' 17" N
BAY OF ALGIERS Kef Rais Hamidou - Sandja Island 036 49' 15" N 003
15' 24" E 002 22' 50" E 002 50' 46" E 002 53' 50" E 002 58' 27" E
003 01' 12" E 001 28' 06" E 00141' 12" E 001 50' 58" E 001 55' 00"
E 002 20' 53" E
RAS MATIFOU TO RAS TEDLES (ALGERIAN CHART NO. 1208) Sandja
Island - Rock east of Sandja Island Rock east of Sandja Island -
East of Ras Djinet East of Ras Djinet - Oued Sebaou Rock Oued
Sabaou Rock - Ras Bengut 036 49' 04" N 036 53' 20" N 036 55' 00" N
036 55' 38" N 003 18' 12" E 003 44' 30" E 003 50' 50" E 003 53' 48"
E
RAS TEDLES TO BEJAIA (ALGERIAN CHART NO. 1209) Ras Bengut - Sidi
Khaled Rock Sidi Khaled Rock - Mers El Farm Rock Mers El Farm Rock
- Ras Corbelin Ras Corbelin - Ras Sigli Ras Sigli - El Euch El Euch
- Pisan Island 036 54' 54" N 036 55' 04" N 036 54' 46" N 036 53'
53" N 036 53' 42" N 036 49' 41" N 004 10' 56" E 004 20' 14" E 004
26' 24" E 004 45' 39" E 004 47' 30" E 005 00' 17" E
23
DoD 2005.1-MALGERIAN STRAIGHT BASELINE SYSTEM GEOGRAPHIC
LOCATION LATITUDE NORTH LONGITUDE WEST
BEJAIA TO TAZEROUT ISLAND (ALGERIAN CHART NO. 1210) Pisan Island
- Ras Carbon BAY OF BEJAIA Ras Carbon - Grand El Aouana Grand El
Aouana - Ras Afia Ras Afia - Bouhmam Bouhmam - Jijel Point Jijel
Point - Tazerout Island 036 47' 17" N 036 49' 20" N 036 49' 48" N
036 49' 48" N 036 52' 04" N JIJEL TO RAS KALAA (ALGERIAN CHART NO.
1211) Tazerout Island - Point east of Oued El Kebir Point east of
Oued El Kebir - Hadjra Sidi Mahchich Hadjra Sidi Mahchich - Ras El
Maghreb Ras El Maghreb - Ras El Kmakem Ras El Kmakem - Kef Lekhal
Kef Lekhal - Ras Bougaroun Ras Bougaroun - Rock east of Bougaroun
Rock east of Bougaroun - Ras El Kbiba Ras El Kbiba - Kaf Djerda 036
53' 55" N 036 59' 15" N 037 01' 42" N 037 04' 12" N 037 05' 29" N
037 05' 28" N 037 05' 00" N 037 03' 22" N 037 01' 03" N 006 09' 08"
E 006 14' 18" E 006 16' 00" E 006 20' 17" E 006 25' 00" E 006 28'
06" E 006 30' 18" E 006 32' 58" E 006 35' 07" E 005 36' 00" E 005
41' 36" E 005 44' 34" E 005 46' 24" E 006 04' 05" E 036 46' 43" N
005 06' 24" E
RAS KALAA TO RAS TOUKOUCH AND RAS TOUKOUCH TO RAS ROSA (ALGERIAN
CHARTS NOS. 1212 AND 1213) Kef Djerda - Ras Kalaa 036 57' 55" N BAY
OF SKIKDA Ras Kalaa - Rock east of Ras El Hadid Rock east of Ras El
Hadid - Ras Toukouch Ras Toukouch - Axin Rock Axin Rock - Pain de
Sucre Pain de Sucre - Ras El Hamra 037 05' 48" N 037 05' 11" N 037
03' 12" N 036 58' 51" N 036 58' 20" N BAY OF ANNABA Ras El Hamra -
Ras Rosa Ras Rosa - Ras El Alem 036 57' 12" N 036 55' 00" N 008 14'
20" E 008 24' 17" E 007 12' 23" E 007 23' 45" E 007 30' 45" E 007
39' 40" E 007 47' 12" E 006 45' 12" E
RAS ROSA TO RAS KAVANSU (ALGERIAN CHART NO. 1414) ** Ras El Alem
- Ain B'har Ain B'har - Algerian-Tunisian frontier 036 56' 43" N
036 56' 41" N 008 37' 00" E 008 38' 30" E
** (The law says Chart No. 1414. However, the numbering system
would seem to indicate that it should read 1214.)
24
DoD 2005.1-MArticle 3 The waters within the baselines defined in
the preceding article shall be regarded as internal waters fully
subject to the jurisdiction resulting from national sovereignty.
MARITIME BOUNDARY AGREEMENT ALGERIA-TUNISIA The following is
extracted from the Agreement between Algeria and Tunisia on the
Provisional Arrangements for Delimiting the Maritime Boundaries,
signed 11 February 2002. Article 1 The provision line of
delimitation marking the maritime boundaries between the two
countries shall consist of two segments connecting points P1, P2,
P3 and P4, defined as follows: Point P1 designates marker No. 001
of the Tunisian-Algerian land boundary; Point P2 designates the
point situated 4 nautical miles west of the Sorelles rocks; Point
P3 designates the point of intersection of the line connecting
points P1 and P2 with the line situated 52 nautical miles away
delimiting in the north the Algerian exclusive fishing zone and
measured from the Algerian baselines; Point P4 is the point with
the following coordinates: 38 00 Latitude North; 007 50 Longitude
East of Greenwich.
25
DoD 2005.1-M
ANGOLASUMMARY OF CLAIMS
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
TYPE DATE SOURCE LIMITS NOTES
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
TERRITORIAL SEA Aug 92 Decree Law 21/92 12nm Rolled back 1975
excessive territorial sea claim from 20nm to 12nm.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ARCHIPELAGIC, Jun 67 Decree Law 47,771 Pre-independence (Portugal)
Portuguese STRAIGHT BASELINES, & legislation specifying
straight baselines. HISTORIC CLAIMS See LIS No. 28. Normal baseline
declared to be low water mark (but unclear whether partial system
of straight baselines from 1967 law is adopted).
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
CONTIGUOUS ZONE Aug 92 Decree Law 21/92 24nm Claims the right to
prevent infractions at sea of customs, tax, sanitation, and
immigration laws up to 24nm from the straight baseline.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
FISHING ZONE/EEZ Aug 92 Decree Law 21/92 200 nm Declared EEZ from
the straight baselines.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
LAW OF THE SEA Dec 82 Signed Convention, with Declaration
CONVENTION reserving the right to interpret the Convention in the
context of "Angolan sovereignty and territorial integrity. Dec 90
Ratified Convention.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
STRAIGHT BASELINE LEGISLATION Following is an extract from Angola
Law 21/92 of 28 August 92. The territorial sea of the State of
Angola extends up to twelve nautical miles from the low-water line
or the straight baselines, as set forth in Decree-Law No. 47, 771
of 27 June 1967. Following are extracts from Portuguese Decree No.
47,771 of 27 June 1967: Article 1 Along the continental European
coast and the coast of the Provinces of Guinea, Angola, and
Mozambique, the normal baseline for measuring the breadth of the
territorial sea, established in Section I of Law No. 2130, shall be
supplemented by the straight closing lines and baselines defined by
the points whose geographic coordinates are contained in the
following tables: (3) Straight closing lines and baselines
supplementing the normal baseline in Angola: TABLE C1.T3. ANGOLAN
STRAIGHT CLOSING LINES ANGOLAN STRAIGHT CLOSING LINES POINTS Ponta
Spilimberta Point of ilha da Luanda Point on ilha da Luanda
LATITUDE SOUTH 08 35' 00" 08 45' 34" 08 47' 02" LONGITUDE EAST 13
22' 15" 13 15' 43" 13 13' 54" Aug 92 Decree Law 21/92
26
DoD 2005.1-MANGOLAN STRAIGHT CLOSING LINES POINTS Point S. of
ponta do Mossulo Giraul Barreiras Brancas Praia do Navio Point S.
of ponta da Marca U.S. ANALYSIS The following analysis of the
Angolan straight baseline system is extracted from LIS, No. 28,
"Straight Baselines: Angola," 10 November 1970. The decree creates
straight baselines which, in effect, enclose Luanda Harbour and its
associated waters, the Bay (Baia de) Mossamedes, and the Bay (Baia
dos) Tigros. The latter two bays are situated in southwestern
Angola, near the South-West Africa frontier. TABLE C1.T4. ANGOLAN
STRAIGHT BASELINE SYSTEM: U.S. ANALYSIS SEGMENT Ponta Spilimberta -
unnamed point on Luanda Island LENGTH (NM) 12.75 COMMENTS The line
closes the Bay of Bengo situated to the northeast of Luanda. Bengo
does not meet the semi-circularity requirement of the 1958 Geneva
Convention on the Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone to qualify as
a bay even if the waters behind Luanda Island are included. The
points chosen do not constitute the "natural closing points" of the
bay; rather they extend beyond. However, the waters enclosed by the
line would meet the criteria of a bay. It has not been determined
if the two water bodies enclosed by the two segments could together
be a legal bay. Luanda Island, however, cannot be said to fringe
the coast. The southern point of this bay-closing line is beyond
the natural closing point of the bay. It is a legal bay. The
enclosed Baia dos Tigres is a geographical and legal bay although
the "natural entrance points" have not been utilized by the closing
line. More logical selections would extend the line from Ponta da
Marca eastward to the opposite shore. All of this shore north of
the latter point faces on the Atlantic rather than the bay.
LATITUDE SOUTH 08 52' 42" 15 08' 02" 15 13' 00" 16 14' 09" 16 32'
39" LONGITUDE EAST 13 07' 42" 12 06' 40" 12 04' 07" 11 48' 00" 11
40' 20"
Unnamed point on Luanda Island - unnamed point south of Ponta
Mussolo
8.25
Giraul - Barreiras Brancas Praia do Navio - unnamed point south
of Ponta da Marca
5.5 20.3
The four shore segments created by the decree total only 46.8
nautical miles in length. The total natural coast line of Angola,
including Cabinda, is greater than 800 nautical miles. Relatively
speaking, the baselines represent a very small portion of the
coast, closing off natural indentations on an otherwise featureless
shoreline.
27
DoD 2005.1-M
ANTIGUA AND BARBUDASUMMARY OF CLAIMS
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
TYPE DATE SOURCE LIMITS NOTES
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
TERRITORIAL SEA Aug 82 Territorial Waters Act, Act 12nm Foreign
warships require prior permission No. 18 to enter the territorial
sea. This requirement is not recognized by the U.S. The U.S.
protested this requirement and conducted an operational assertion
in 1987.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ARCHIPELAGIC, Aug 82 Act No. 18 Enabling legislation for straight
baselines. STRAIGHT BASELINES, & HISTORIC CLAIMS
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
CONTIGUOUS ZONE Aug 82 Act No. 18 24nm
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
CONTINENTAL SHELF Aug 82 Act No. 18 200nm Where less than 200nm
because of neighboring nations, as determined by treaty.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
FISHING ZONE/EEZ Aug 82 Act No. 18 200nm EEZ.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
LOS CONVENTION Feb 83 Signed Convention. Feb 89 Ratified
Convention.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ARCHIPELAGIC BASELINE LEGISLATION The Government has published
geographic coordinates/map depicting its archipelagic claim and
territorial sea with the UN, not currently available online, which
includes 22 archipelagic basepoints, creating 22 baseline segments.
U.S. ANALYSIS In terms of length of baselines and water to land
area, Antigua and Barbuda meets the criteria set forth in the Law
of the Sea Convention. In the areas where Antigua and Barbuda have
overlapping 12nm limits with its neighbors Saint Kitts and Nevis,
and with the British island of Montserrat, Antigua and Barbuda have
claimed a median line measured from the archipelagic baseline and
not from the island of Redonda.
28
DoD 2005.1-M
ARGENTINASUMMARY OF CLAIMS
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
TYPE DATE SOURCE LIMITS NOTES
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
TERRITORIAL SEA Aug 91 Law No. 23,968 12nm Rolled back 1967
excessive claim of 200nm. Dec 95 Declaration on ratifying LOS
Convention Requires foreign warships to obtain permission prior to
entering territorial sea.
This claim is not recognized by the U.S. The U.S. protested
claim in 1967.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ARCHIPELAGIC, Jan 61 Joint declaration of Agreement to limits of
the Rio de la Plata STRAIGHT BASELINES, & Argentina and Uruguay
as historic waters. HISTORIC CLAIMS This claim is not recognized by
the U.S. See LIS No. 44. The U.S. protested claim in 1963. Jan 67
Law No. 17,094 of Dec. 29, 1966 Some excessive straight baselines;
closing lines established for San Matias, Nuevo, and San Jorge
Bays. This claim is not recognized by the U.S. See LIS No. 44. The
U.S. protested claim in 1967. Law No. 23,968 of Aug. Straight
baseline claim. 14, 1991
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
CONTIGUOUS ZONE Aug 91 Law No. 23,968 24nm
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
CONTINENTAL SHELF Apr 75 Diplomatic Note 200nm/ Specifies
regulations for marine scientific CM research. See LIS No. 64.
200nm/ CM
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
FISHING ZONE/EEZ Oct 46 Decree No. 14,708 Epicontinental seas
declared to be subject to sovereign powers of nation; freedom of
navigation preserved. Aug 91 Law No. 23,968 200nm Subsumed 1967
fishing zone.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ENVIRONMENTAL Nov 58 Law No. 14,733 Prohibited the dumping of oily
wastes over the continental shelf. REGULATION
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
MARITIME BOUNDARIES 1881 Agreement Boundary agreement with Chile
delimiting Tierra del Fuego and Straits of Magellan. Nov 73
Agreement Maritime boundary agreement with Uruguay. See LIS No. 64.
Agreement with Chile delimiting a boundary in and seaward of Beagle
Channel reaffirmed 1881 Agreement. Aug 91 Law No. 23,968 Sep 91
Nov 84
Agreement
29
DoD
2005.1-M_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
TYPE DATE SOURCE LIMITS NOTES
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
MARITIME BOUNDARIES, Jun 88 Agreement With Uruguay, authorizing Rio
de La Continued Plata Administrative Commission to establish
boundary between Martin Garcia and Timoteo Dominguez Islands.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
LOS CONVENTION Oct 84 Signed Convention, with Declaration reserving
rights regarding the Falklands/Malvinas, the South Georgia Islands,
and the South Sandwich Islands; claim disputed by UK. Jul 94 Dec 95
Signed Part XI Agreement.
Ratified Convention and Part XI Agreement, with Declaration
reaffirming claim to disputed Falklands/Malvinas, etc. Reaffirms
1881 and 1984 treaties with Chile. Reiterates regulation of foreign
warships through territorial sea. Vessels carrying highly
radioactive substances must be duly regulated, but doesnt provide
details.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
LEGISLATION The following is extracted from the Rules Of Naval
Ceremonies Manual (Argentine Navy Publication R-6-1-921). Chapter
13 Article 1307b Transit inside 12nm from the coast: In the waters
under Argentine sovereignty understood to be inside of 12nm from
the base lines (mean low tide mark), the transit of foreign
warships will be considered a "visit" and will fall under the
provisions established by such.... The transit to or from the
Strait of Magellan through Argentine jurisdictional waters by the
space understood between the limits which are indicated below:
Transit shall be of expedited navigation nature and without
obstructions on the part of the Argentine Authorities.... Warships
shall give prior notice of their intentions to transit this sea
space.... Article 1308 a.2. Transit of foreign warships inside 12nm
from the coast shall be considered as an operational visit.... b.2.
Steps: Operational Visits: Requests shall be made to the General
Command of the Argentine Navy with no less than 48 hours of prior
notice. The following is extracted from the Argentine Navigation
Course Manual, Volume III. Access Zone to the Strait of Magellan
The transit to or from the Strait of Magellan through Argentine
jurisdictional waters in the space understood between the limits
indicate[d] below shall be of expeditious navigation nature without
obstruction on the part of Argentine authorities.... Warships shall
make known their intentions prior to passing through this sea
space.
30
DoD 2005.1-MTABLE C1.T5. ACCESS ZONE TO THE STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
LIMIT Northern Limit Southern Limit Eastern Limit Western Limit
Abeam the Cape Virgin Lighthouse at 52 20' South Abeam the Magellan
Lighthouse at 52 39' 8" South The 12nm line indicated from the
Argentine base line (mean low tide mark). From abeam the Cape
Virgin Lighthouse towards the South along the mean low tide mark
until the intersection of the international limit with Chile,
continuing westward along this line until intersection the mean low
tide mark on Isla Grande (Tierra del Fuego) and from there until
intersection the Southern limit. AREA
HISTORIC WATERS AND BAY CLOSING LINE CLAIMS U.S. ANALYSIS The
following analysis is extracted from LIS, No. 44, "Straight
Baselines: Argentina" of 10 August 1972. As a result of a joint
declaration with Uruguay in 1961 and Law No. 17,094 of 29 December
1966, Argentina claimed Rio de la Plata as historic waters and
established bay closing lines (joining the capes that form their
mouths) for San Matias, Nuevo, and San Jorge Bays. The following
analysis of these claims is extracted from Limits in the Seas, No.
44, "Straight Baselines: Argentina," 10 August 1972. (This analysis
is based on the 1958 Convention on the Territorial Sea and the
Contiguous Zone. However, the same results would be derived from an
analysis under the international law reflected in the 1982 UN
Convention on the Law of the Sea.) The Rio de la Plata . . . does
not fulfill the geographic requirements for a river in spite of its
generic designation in Spanish. The Rio is an estuary or a type of
geographic gulf or bay as a consequence of its configuration and
dimensions. The closing line delimited in the declaration measures
approximately 120 nautical miles from Punta del Este to Cabo San
Antonio. Were the water body to be considered a juridical bay or
estuary, the closing line would exceed the maximum length permitted
by the Convention [1958 Convention on the Territorial Sea and
Contiguous Zone]. In contrast, the Convention does not prescribe a
maximum limit for a river closing line. The Plata estuary, however,
does not conform to the geomorphic concepts of a river. As a
result, the provisions of the Convention's Article 7 on historic
bays would be presumed to apply. The first six paragraphs, at
least, pertain to bays which belong to a single state. The final
paragraph on historic bays presents a far more complicated
situation. Golfo Nuevo is a juridical bay within Article 7 of the
Convention. The closing line measures approximately 9.5 nautical
miles. Golfo San Matias and Golfo San Jorge do not conform to the
requirements of a juridical bay in that they cannot be closed by 24
nautical mile closing lines. They both, however, would meet the
semi-circle criterion and could qualify as oversized bays. The
closing line for San Matias measures approximately 65 nautical
miles while that for San Jorge, 123 nautical miles. Evidence to
support its status as an historic bay has not been uncovered.
Within the framework of Article 4 of the Convention on the
Territorial Sea, the four bays form nearly isolated, albeit
pronounced, indentations along a generally smooth coast. MARITIME
BOUNDARY AGREEMENTS ARGENTINA - URUGUAY The following is extracted
from the Treaty between Argentina and Uruguay concerning the Rio de
la Plata and the Corresponding Maritime Boundary, signed 19
November 1973. Chapter I Jurisdiction Article 1 The Rio de la Plata
extends from the parallel of Punta Gorda to an imaginary straight
line joining Punta del Este (Uruguay) and Punta Rasa del Cabo San
Antonio (Argentina), in conformity with the provisions of the
Treaty on the Limits of the Uruguay River of April 7, 1961 and the
Joint Declaration on the Outer Limit of the Rio de la Plata of
January 30, 1961.
31
DoD 2005.1-MArticle 2 A strip of exclusive jurisdiction adjacent
to each Party's coast on the river is hereby established. This
coastal strip shall be seven nautical miles wide between the outer
limit of the river and an imaginary straight line joining Colonia
(Uruguay) and Punta Lara (Argentina) and two nautical miles wide
from that line to the parallel of Punta Gorda. However, the outer
limits of the strips shall be deflected as necessary in order that
they will not overlap with the limits of channels located in waters
of common use and so as to include port access channels. Such
limits shall not be less than 500 meters distant from the limits of
channels located in waters of common use or more than 500 meters
distant from the limits or mouths of port access channels. Article
3 Outside the coastal strips, the jurisdiction of each Party shall
apply to the Party's own flag vessels. That jurisdiction shall also
apply to third-country flag vessels involved in accidents with
vessels of that Party. The provisions of the first and second
paragraphs notwithstanding, the jurisdiction of a Party shall apply
in all cases involving its security or when unlawful acts are
committed that may have an effect in its territory, irrespective of
the flag of the vessel involved. If the security of both Parties is
involved, or if the unlawful act has an effect in both territories,
the jurisdiction of the Party whose coastal strip is nearest to the
place where the vessel is apprehended shall prevail. Article 10 The
Parties may use, under equal conditions and in any circumstances,
the channels located in the waters of common use. Article 11 In the
waters of common use, navigation by public and private vessels of
the countries of the Rio de la Plata basin and public and private
third-flag merchant ships, shall be permitted without prejudice to
rights previously granted the Parties under treaties in force.
Moreover, each Party shall permit the passage of third-flag
warships authorized by the other Party, provided such passage does
not affect its order or security. Article 41 Each party may explore
and exploit the resources of the bed and subsoil of the river in
the areas adjacent to their respective coasts up to a line
determined by the following geographic points.... TABLE C1.T6.
ARGENTINE COORDINATES FOR RE
