Marine Who We Are What We Do

8/2/2019 Marine Who We Are What We Do

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The marine estate:

who we are and what we do


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The marine estate performs a unique and excing

role around the UKs coastline and beyond.

We are part of The Crown Estate, which managesa hugely diverse 7 billion property porolio across

the UK. The Crown Estates property comprises

four estates: urban; marine; rural; and Windsor.

Guided by our core values of commercialism,integrity and stewardship, our role is to manage

and enhance the value of our estates and to return

any surplus to the Treasury for the benet of the

naon. Over the last ten years The Crown Estate

has paid a total of 1.9bn to the Treasury.


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Our role within The Crown Estate isextesive: our orolio icludes almost

the ere seabed out to 12 aucal

miles (nm) and around half the UKs

foreshore, dal beds ad estuaries

where we have the right to issue

leases and licences. The Energy Act2004 allows us to issue leases for

renewable development out to the edge

of the UK coetal shelf, withi the

Renewable Energy Zone (REZ).

Examles of our resosibilies icludecoducg leasig rouds ad maagig

leases for aquaculture, wind and wave

ad dal sites. We also issue liceces for

aggregates, cables and pipelines, and

many more spanning across our

business sectors. The more recent Energy

Act 2008 also allows us to issue leasesfor natural gas and CO2 trasortao

ad storage withi the Gas Imortao

and Storage Zone (GISZ).

Between now and 2020, we have a crucial

role to ensure that our marine estatecoues to be maaged roerly

for future geeraos. Also that the

UK maintains a global lead in marine

energy. This growing industry has the

oteal to create thousads of jobs,

whilst securing energy supplies.

Climate change means that how, and

where, we produce energy is changing.

This challenge has placed the marine

estate at the forefront of the worlds

biggest clea eergy roject.


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Stewardship

Stewardship is a core value of The Crown

Estate, rereseg our commitmetto exemlary evirometal racce,

sustainability, and taking the long-term

view i our acvies. The Crow Estates

marine stewardship programme was

started i 1999 to suort raccal

rojects, relevat research, ad other

iiaves that imrove the statusand management of the marine estate.

The programme has two areas of focus:

Commuies iiaves that

further the good management

of the marine estate. Exampleshave included support of The Green

Blue iiave, a joit Royal Yachg

Associao ad Brish Marie

Federao roject, romog the

icreased sustaiability of acvies

in the marine environment.

Research sciec rojects that

underpin our knowledge of the

acvies we maage. This has

icluded a major research roject

looking at socio economic indicatorsof marie related acvies i the

UK economy.

The marine stewardship programme

has become an invaluable part of the

way we manage our unique estate.


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The marine estate is divided into nine business sectors,which includes a mix of tradional core business areas

and new growth areas. Due to the diversity of our acvies

we work closely with a large variety of organisaons

including regulators, trade associaons, local and naonal

government departments and representaves of the

shipping, aviaon and sheries industries.

Our structure


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With responsibility for around half

the foreshore in the UK, the marine

estate has built strog relaoshis

with local authories, orts ad

harbours, coservao ad statutory

bodies as well as substaal umbersof companies and individuals.

We have thousands of leases or

liceces for works ad acvies with

these orgaisaos, icludig over

17,000 licensed moorings, marinas,

Coastal assets

jees ad otoos. We also rovide

liceces to udertake metal detecg

o beaches ad give lmig coset

for lm roducos.

In Scotland the demand for mooringad achorage sace is arcularly high,

with over 5,500 licensed moorings across

the whole of Scotland. The marine estate

rovides a imortat role i facilitag

the provision of mooring space for the

Scosh boag commuity.

Our business sectors


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Aquaculture

The Crown Estate has over 900

aquaculture sites leased aroundthe UK. The idustry is a sigicat

employer in some of the UKs most

fragile rural coastal commuies,

as well as being an important food

industry worth over 400 million

per annum.

In the UK, aquaculture covers a wide

range of plants and animals, from

seaweeds through mussels, oysters

and scallops to salmon, halibut and

cod. This provides sources of bothfood, ad the oteal to roduce

chemicals and bio-fuels from marine

biomass our newest business sector.

Much of aquaculture takes lace i

the inshore waters of the west coast of

Scotland and the Western and Northern

Isles, where the most favourable

codios for aquaculture are to befound. However, the industry is growing,

arcularly with shellsh roduco

developing across other parts of the

UK. Aquaculture is responding well

to delivering the growing demand for

seafood, as tradioal cature sheriesbegin reaching their sustainable limits.


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The farming of marine macro-algae

commonly known as seaweed can

be used to produce biomass to heat

homes or rovide a source of echemicals or transport fuels.

Large scale farming of seaweed to

produce biomass has advantages over

land-based farming which requires

sigicat areas of oe valuable

Marine biomass

land, which in the process sees it

comeg with food, feed, forestry

and nature.

Our focus ow is to ivesgate the

best way to grow, harvest and process

seaweed, and to understand the

economic, environmental and social

impacts of large-scale seaweed farming

in the sea around the UK.


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Millios of tos of sad ad gravel

are used across the costrucoindustry and for coastal defence.

We manage nearly all marine sand

ad gravel resources lyig oshore

the UK with extraco cocetrated

oshore i Eglad ad Wales. Twetyper cent of all sand and gravel used

for costruco i the UK comes from

our marine estate.

Marine minerals

We also have interests in potash rocks

containing potassium which are usedrimarily as a ferliser. Mied at over 700

metres below the seabed, the mineral is

processed above ground. Salt produced

from the mine is used for road grit.

We work in partnership with industryand regulators to improve the

sustainability performance of the sector

through investment in the development

of kowledge ad best racce.

CO

URTESYOFBMApA


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The potenal for Britain

to lead in the oshore wind

industry is immense. We need

thousands of oshore turbines

over the next ten years and

beyond, and manufacturing

these needs large factories

which have to be on the coast.

The prime Miister,

Rt Ho David Camero Mp

Oshore wind energy

prime Miister David Cameros words

give a clear idicao of the hugeimact that oshore wid eergy will

have on all our futures.

The UK is curretly geerag

1.5GW from oerag oshore wid,

which is more than half of the worldsinstalled capacity.

The marine estate is focusing on

deliverig what is the most ambious

marine renewable energy programme

in the world, which by 2020, hasthe oteal to see over 25GW

of clea eergy from oshore wid

farms i oerao.

COURT

ESYOFvESTASOFFSHORE


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Waters o the UK boast some of the

best natural resources in the world to

generate electricity from the waves and

des a emergig idustry, i which theUK is at the forefront of development.

We have the worlds rst commercial

wave ad dal stream rogramme i the

Pentland Firth and Orkney waters, which

Wave and dal energy

iteds to deliver 1.6GW of geerag

capacity by 2020, (0.6GW of wave

rojects ad 1.0GW dal stream).

We are also providing development

rights for demostrao rojects

aroud the UK, ad are acvely

laig further leasig ad suorg

acvies for the comig years.

What is a gigawa? 1 gigawa (GW) is equal to 1 thousad megawas (MW) or

1 millio kilowas (kW). A tradioal ower stao caacity is tyically 1-2GW.

A 1GW oshore wid farm would comrise 200-300 turbies ad roduce eough

electricity each year to meet the needs of approximately 800,000 households.

CO

URTESYOFAqUAMARInEpO

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COURTESYOFE.On


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The UK is currently a large consumer

of gas for both domesc ad idustrial

purposes and is a net importer, which

means the value we import is higherthan the value we export. Due to

uctuaos i the suly of gas ad

seasonal demand, there is a need to

provide storage, which can be used when

the demand exceeds the available supply.

natural gas ca be stored for ideite

eriods of me by ijecg it ito

udergroud geological formaos, such

as depleted gas reservoirs or salt caverns.

The type and size of storage reservoir

is determied by the characteriscs

Natural gas storage

of demad variaos, for examle

whether it is for short-term, daily,

or loger-term seasoal uctuaos.

The Crown Estate has been involved

i leasig geological formaos

for natural gas storage since 1983

at the Rough eld, which rovides

a major cotribuo to high demad

days in winter. Under the Energy Act2008, The Crown Estate obtained rights

to lease underground storage space

for atural gas o the UK coetal

shelf. We have sice egoated lease

oos for two rosecve gas

storage facilies. COURTESYOFCEnTRICA


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Carbon dioxide (CO2) is emiedinto the atmosphere whenever fossil

fuels are burned. One opportunity,

to help prevent the CO2 building up

i the atmoshere ad oteally

causing adverse environmental

problems is to capture the CO2and then permanently dispose of,

or store, it deep underground.

The Energy Act 2008 permits the

storage of CO2 o the UK coetal

shelf. In order to undertake suchdevelopments, a lease from The Crown

Estate to use the seabed is required,

i addio to regulatory ermissio

from the government.

Develoig carbo trasortao adstorage is seen as a vital step towards the

UK meeg its target for reducig carbo

emissions over the next two decades.

This is a ew acvity for The Crow

Estate, and we are working with all

CO2 transportaon and storage

stakeholders including government

deartmets, develoers ad ulitycompanies to develop detailed

imlemetao arragemets withi

UK waters. I addio, over the ext

ve to 10 years we la to work with

government to facilitate large-scale

o-commercial demostrao rojects.

COURTESYOFSC

OTTISHpOWER


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Cables, pipelines and new transmission assets

Around the UK, the seabed is

crisscrossed with telecommuicaoscables and gas and oil pipelines.

We provide leases and licences

for cables and pipelines within 12nm

around the UK coastline, and need

to be informed of proposed cablesand pipelines that fall within the 200nm

limit, as other developments may be

aected. Our ermissio is codioal

on the applicant having obtained all

necessary consents from government

and demonstrated evidence ofagreement having been reached with

exisg teats withi the viciity.

As much as 95 er cet of iteraoal

iteret ad telehoe trac goes

through bre oc udersea cables.The UK is considered a key hub for

the roug of iteraoal systems,

ideed as the shortest route to

north America. This is esseal for stock

exchage iformao, as the shortest

distance reduces cabling costs and also

limits the me delay i data trasfer.

The UK is a stepping stone to Europe,

Asia and Africa.

Oil and gas pipelines enable the delivery

of natural reserves to be brought from

oshore elds to shore. Their locaos

arise as a result of the oshore resources

and onshore processing terminals.

The develomet of oshore geerao

which icludes wid, wave ad dal

energy brings with it a requirement

for electricity transmission. This is an

area of our orolio which we evisage

growing to meet demand.


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Marie laig ad olicy

We take a sustainable and evidence-based approach to managing our

business. Our marine asset planning

caability is suorted by our Marie

Resource System (MaRS) which has

more than 500 layers of data, covering

large arts of the UK coetal shelf.Our kowledge ad exerse of the

marine environment ensures a pro-

acve aroach to our maagemet

and development of the seabed.

The Crown Estate sets out to workwith the grain of government policy.

Our engagement in marine andeergy-related olicy is of sigicat

importance to us.

Government policy is the key

iuece o our eergy-related

busiess, i arcular the rovisioof iceves, targets, regulao

and investment.

Our team has a detailed understanding

of governments policy in these areas

ad acvely egages i develometad imlemetao.


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www.thecrownestate.co.uk

London16 New Burlington Place

London W1S 2HX

Tel. 020 7851 5000

Edinburgh6 Bells Brae

Edinburgh EH4 3BJ

Tel. 0131 260 6070

All facts and gures are correct at me of print.

Produced by The Crown Estate Summer 2011.

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From well-managed forests

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Marine Who We Are What We Do