Marine EM Reference Databasehttp://marineemlab.ucsd.edu/~kkey/MarineEM

Kerry KeyScripps Institution of Oceanography

kkey@ucsd.edu

Last Updated:

August 18, 2011

This reference database is intended to document the peer-reviewed publishedpapers that cover any aspect of marine electromagnetic induction for mappingseafloor electrical conductivity. The database also includes student PhD and Mas-ters theses, technical reports, and a few non-peer reviewed publications that rep-resent seminal advances in marine EM. I started this database as part of a reviewpaper that was presented at the 20th EM Induction Workshop, held in Giza Egyptduring September 2010. The review paper is now available online:

Key, K. (2011), Marine Electromagnetic Studies of Seafloor Resources and Tec-tonics, Surveys in Geophysics.http://www.springerlink.com/content/y7258505p4610420/

The database is almost certainly incomplete; my apologies if your own work hasbeen omitted. It is my intention to continually update the database, so if you findmissing works or mistakes, drop me a line and I’ll update the database asap.

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1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 20200

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Year

Number of Papers Published through August 2011

2010: 32

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 20200

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200

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400

Year

Cumulative Number of Papers Published

2011: 369

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References

Abubakar, A., Habashy, T. M., Druskin, V. L., Knizhnerman, L., and Alumbaugh,D., 2008, 2.5D forward and inverse modeling for interpreting low-frequency elec-tromagnetic measurements: Geophysics, 73, no. 4, F165–F177.

Abubakar, A., Habashy, T. M., Li, M., and Liu, J., 2009, Inversion algorithms forlarge-scale geophysical electromagnetic measurements: Inverse Problems, 25,no. 12, 123012.

Alekseev, D. A., Palshin, N. A., and Varentsov, I. M., 2009, Magnetotelluric disper-sion relations in a two-dimensional model of the coastal effect: Izvestiya-PhysicsOf The Solid Earth, 45, no. 2, 167–170.

Amundsen, L., Løseth, L., Mittet, R., Ellingsrud, S., and Ursin, B., 2006, De-composition of electromagnetic fields into upgoing and downgoing components:Geophysics, 71, no. 5, G211–G223.

Andreis, D., and MacGregor, L., 2008, Controlled-source electromagnetic soundingin shallow water: Principles and applications: Geophysics, 73, no. 1, F21–F32.

Asakawa, K., Yokobiki, T., Goto, T. N., Araki, E., Kasaya, T., Kinoshita, M., andKojima, J., 2009, New Scientific Underwater Cable System Tokai-SCANNERfor Underwater Geophysical Monitoring Utilizing a Decommissioned OpticalUnderwater Telecommunication Cable: Ieee Journal Of Oceanic Engineering,34, no. 4, 539–547.

Baba, K., and Chave, A. D., 2005, Correction of seafloor magnetotelluric datafor topographic effects during inversion: Journal of Geophysical Research-SolidEarth, 110, –.

Baba, K., and Seama, N., 2002, New technique for the incorporation of seafloortopography in electromagnetic modelling: Geophysical Journal International,150, no. 2, 392–420.

Baba, K., Chave, A. D., Evans, R. L., Hirth, G., and Mackie, R. L., 2006a,Mantle dynamics beneath the East Pacific Rise at 17S: Insights from the MantleElectromagnetic and Tomography (MELT) experiment: Journal Of GeophysicalResearch-Solid Earth, 111, no. B02101.

——– 2006b, Electrical structure beneath the northern MELT line on the EastPacific Rise at 15 degrees 45 ’ S: Geophysical Research Letters, 33, no. 22,L22301.

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Baba, K., 2005, Electrical structure in marine tectonic settings: Surveys In Geo-physics, 26, no. 6, 701–731.

Bahr, K., and Filloux, J. H., 1989, Local Sq response functions from EMSLABdata: Journal Of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth, 94, no. B10, 14195.

Bakr, S. A., and Mannseth, T., 2009, Feasibility of simplified integral equationmodeling of low-frequency marine CSEM with a resistive target: Geophysics,74, no. 5, F107–F117.

Bannister, P. R., 1968, Determination of Electrical Conductivity of Sea Bed inShallow Waters: Geophysics, 33, no. 6, 995–&.

Bannister, P. R., 1982, Magnetic-Field Strength Below a Horizontal MagneticDipole Located at the Earth or Ocean Surface by Layman,Gene,E. - Comments:Radio Science, 17, no. 3, 735–735.

Behrens, J. P., 2005, The Detection of Electrical Anisotropy in 35 Ma PacificLithosphere: Results from a Marine Controlled-Source Electromagnetic Surveyand Implications for Hydration of the Upper Mantle: Ph.D. thesis, Universityof California, San Diego.

Belash, V. A., 1981, Characteristic Features of Undersea Electromagnetic Sound-ing: Geophysical Journal, 3, no. 6, 860–875.

Bennett, D. J., and Filloux, J. H., 1975, Magnetotelluric Deep Electrical Soundingand Resistivity: Reviews Of Geophysics, 13, no. 3, 197–&.

Berre, I., Lien, M., and Mannseth, T., 2011, Identification of three-dimensionalelectric conductivity changes from time-lapse electromagnetic observations:Journal Of Computational Physics, 230, no. 10, 3915–3928.

Bhuiyan, A. H., 2009, Three-dimensional modelling and interpretation of CSEMdata from offshore Angola: Petroleum Geoscience, 15, no. 2, 175–189.

Bhuyian, A. H., Thrane, B. P., Landro, M., and Johansen, S. E., 2010, Controlledsource electromagnetic three-dimensional grid-modelling based on a complex re-sistivity structure of the seafloor: effects of acquisition parameters and geometryof multi-layered resistors: Geophysical Prospecting, 58, no. 3, 505–533.

Bindoff, N. L., Filloux, J. H., Mulhearn, P. J., Lilley, F. E. M., and Ferguson,I. J., 1986, Vertical electric field fluctuations at the floor of the Tasman AbyssalPlain: Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers, 33, no. 5,587–600.

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Bindoff, N., Lilley, F., and Filloux, J. H., 1988, A separation of ionospheric andoceanic tidal components in magnetic fluctuation data: Journal Of Geomag-netism And Geoelectricity.

Booker, J. R., and Chave, A. D., 1989, Introduction to the Special Section on theEMSLAB - Juan de Fuca Experiment: Journal Of Geophysical Research-SolidEarth And Planets, 94, no. B10, 14093–14098.

Borner, R.-U., Ernst, O. G., and Spitzer, K., 2008, Fast 3-D simulation of transientelectromagnetic fields by model reduction in the frequency domain using Krylovsubspace projection: Geophysical Journal International, 173, no. 3, 766–780.

Borner, R.-U., 2010, Numerical Modelling in Geo-Electromagnetics: Advances andChallenges: Surveys In Geophysics, 31, no. 2, 225–245.

Bostick, F. X., Cox, C. S., and Field, E. C., 1978, Land-to-Seafloor ElectromagneticTransmissions in 0.1 to 15 Hz Band: Radio Science, 13, no. 4, 701–708.

Brock-Nannestad, L., EM Phenomena in the ELF Range: EM Fields of SubmergedDipoles and Finite Antennas.:, Technical report, 1965.

Brown, C., 1994, Tectonic Interpretation of Regional Conductivity Anomalies:Surveys In Geophysics, 15, no. 2, 123–157.

Cairns, G. W., Evans, R. L., and Edwards, R. N., 1996, A time domain electromag-netic survey of the TAG hydrothermal mound: Geophysical Research Letters,23, no. 23, 3455–3458.

Cairns, G., 1997, Development of a short-baseline transient EM marine systemand its application in the study of the TAG hydrothermal mound: Ph.D. thesis,University of Toronto.

Chan, G. H., Dosso, H. W., and Law, L. K., 1981, Electromagnetic Inductionin the San-Juan Bay Region of Vancouver-Island: Physics Of The Earth AndPlanetary Interiors, 27, no. 2, 114–121.

Chan, E., Dosso, H. W., Law, L. K., Auld, D. R., and Nienaber, W., 1983, Elec-tromagnetic Induction in the Queen Charlotte Islands Region - Analog Modeland Field Station Results: Journal Of Geomagnetism And Geoelectricity, 35,no. 11-1, 501–516.

Chang-Sheng, L., and Jun, L., 2006, Transient electromagnetic response modelingof magnetic source on seafloor and the analysis of seawater effect: ChineseJournal Of Geophysics-Chinese Edition, 49, no. 6, 1891–1898.

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Chang-Sheng, L., Everett, M. E., Jun, L., and Feng-Dao, Z., 2010, Modelingof seafloor exploration using electric-source frequency-domain CSEM and theanalysis of water depth effect: Chinese Journal Of Geophysics-Chinese Edition,53, no. 8, 1940–1952.

Chave, A. D., and Cox, C. S., 1982, Controlled electromagnetic sources for measur-ing electrical-conductivity beneath the oceans. 1. Forward problem and modelstudy: Journal Of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth, 87, 5327–5338.

Chave, A. D., and Cox, C. S., 1983, Electromagnetic Induction by Ocean Currentsand the Conductivity of the Oceanic Lithosphere: Journal Of GeomagnetismAnd Geoelectricity, 35, no. 11-1, 491–499.

Chave, A. D., and Filloux, J. H., 1984, Electromagnetic induction fields in the deepocean off California: oceanic and ionospheric sources: Geophysical Journal OfThe Royal Astronomical Society, 77, no. 1, 143–171.

Chave, A. D., and Filloux, J. H., 1985, Observation and Interpretation of theSeafloor Vertical Electric-Field in the Eastern North Pacific: Geophysical Re-search Letters, 12, no. 12, 793–796.

Chave, A. D., and Luther, D. S., 1990, Low-Frequency, Motionally InducedElectromagnetic-Fields in the Ocean .1. Theory: Journal Of GeophysicalResearch-Oceans, 95, no. C5, 7185–7200.

Chave, A. D., Von Herzen, R. P., Poehls, K. A., and Cox, C. S., 1981, Electromag-netic Induction Fields in the Deep Ocean Northeast of Hawaii - Implicationsfor Mantle Conductivity and Source Fields: Geophysical Journal Of The RoyalAstronomical Society, 66, no. 2, 379–406.

Chave, A. D., Filloux, J. H., Luther, D. S., Law, L. K., and White, A., 1989a,Observations of Motional Electromagnetic-Fields During EMSLAB: Journal OfGeophysical Research-Solid Earth And Planets, 94, no. B10, 14153–14166.

——– 1989b, Electromagnetic Induction by Ocean Currents - Bempex: Physics OfThe Earth And Planetary Interiors, 53, no. 3-4, 350–359.

Chave, A. D., Flosadottir, A. H., and Cox, C. S., 1990, Some Comments on SeabedPropagation of Ulf/Elf Electromagnetic-Fields: Radio Science, 25, no. 5, 825–836.

Chave, A. D., Constable, S. C., and Edwards, R. N., 1991, Electrical explorationmethods for the seafloor in Nabighian, M. N., Ed., Electromagnetic methods inapplied geophysics:: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 931–966.

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Chave, A. D., Luther, D. S., and Filloux, J. H., 1992, The Barotropic Electromag-netic and Pressure Experiment .1. Barotropic Current Response to AtmosphericForcing: Journal Of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth, 97, no. C6, 9565–9593.

Chave, A. D., Luther, D. S., and Meinen, C. S., 2004, Correction of motionalelectric field measurements for galvanic distortion: Journal Of Atmospheric AndOceanic Technology, 21, no. 2, 317–330.

Chave, A. D., 1983, On the Theory of Electromagnetic Induction in the Earth byOcean Currents: Journal Of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth, 88, no. NB4,3531–3542.

Chave, A. D., 1984, On the Electromagnetic-Fields Induced by Oceanic InternalWaves: Journal Of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 89, no. NC6, 519–528.

Chave, A. D., 2009, On the electromagnetic fields produced by marine frequencydomain controlled sources: Geophysical Journal International, 179, no. 3, 1429–1457.

Cheesman, S. J., Edwards, R. N., and Chave, A. D., 1987, On the theory ofsea-floor conductivity mapping using transient electromagnetic systems: Geo-physics, 52, no. 02, 204–217.

Cheesman, S. J., Edwards, R. N., and Law, L. K., 1990, A Test of a Short-Base-Line Sea-Floor Transient Electromagnetic System: Geophysical JournalInternational, 103, no. 2, 431–437.

Cheesman, S. J., Law, L. K., and Edwards, R. N., 1991, Porosity Determinationsof Sediments in Knight Inlet Using a Transient Electromagnetic System: Geo-Marine Letters, 11, no. 2, 84–89.

Cheesman, S. J., Law, L. K., and Louis, B. S., 1993, A Porosity Mapping Surveyin Hecate Strait Using a Sea-Floor Electromagnetic Profiling System: MarineGeology, 110, no. 3-4, 245–256.

Chen, J., and Alumbaugh, D. L., 2011, Three methods for mitigating airwaves inshallow water marine controlled-source electromagnetic data: Geophysics, 76,no. 2, F89–F99.

Chen, J., and Dickens, T. A., 2009, Effects of uncertainty in rock-physics modelson reservoir parameter estimation using seismic amplitude variation with angleand controlled-source electromagnetics data: Geophysical Prospecting, 57, no.1, 61–74.

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Chen, J., and Oldenburg, D. W., 2006, A new formula to compute apparent re-sistivities from marine magnetometric resistivity data: Geophysics, 71, no. 3,G73–G81.

Chen, J. P., Oldenburg, D. W., and Haber, E., 2005, Reciprocity in electromag-netics: application to modelling marine magnetometric resistivity data: PhysicsOf The Earth And Planetary Interiors, 150, no. 1-3, 45–61.

Chen, J., Hoversten, G. M., Vasco, D., Rubin, Y., and Hou, Z., 2007, A Bayesianmodel for gas saturation estimation using marine seismic AVA and CSEM data:Geophysics, 72, no. 2, WA85–WA95.

Christensen, N. B., and Dodds, K., 2007, 1D inversion and resolution analysis ofmarine CSEM data: Geophysics, 72, no. 2, WA27–WA38.

Coggon, J. H., and Morrison, H. F., 1970, Electromagnetic Investigation of SeaFloor: Geophysics, 35, no. 3, 476–&.

Commer, M., and Newman, G. A., 2008, New advances in three-dimensionalcontrolled-source electromagnetic inversion: Geophysical Journal International,172, no. 2, 513–535.

Commer, M., and Newman, G. A., 2009, Three-dimensional controlled-source elec-tromagnetic and magnetotelluric joint inversion: Geophysical Journal Interna-tional, 178, no. 3, 1305–1316.

Commer, M., Newman, G. A., Caraone, J. J., Dickens, T. A., Green, K. E.,Wahrmund, L. A., Willen, D. E., and Shiu, J., 2008, Massively parallel electrical-conductivity imaging of hydrocarbons using the IBM Blue Gene/L supercom-puter: Ibm Journal Of Research And Development, 52, 93–103.

Connell, D., 2011, A Comparison of Marine Time-Domain and Frequency-DomainControlled Source Electromagnetic Methods: Master’s thesis, University of Cal-ifornia, San Diego.

Constable, S., and Cox, C. S., 1996, Marine controlled-source electromagneticsounding, 2. The PEGASUS experiment: Journal Of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth, 101, no. B3, 5519–5530.

Constable, S., and Heinson, G., 1993, In defence of a resistive oceanic upper man-tle: reply to a Comment by Tarits, Chave and Schultz: Geophysical JournalInternational, 114, 717–723.

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Constable, S., and Heinson, G., 2004, Hawaiian hot-spot swell structure fromseafloor MT sounding: Tectonophysics, 389, no. 1-2, 111–124.

Constable, S., and Srnka, L. J., 2007, An introduction to marine controlled-sourceelectromagnetic methods for hydrocarbon exploration: Geophysics, 72, no. 2,WA3–WA12.

Constable, S., and Weiss, C. J., 2006, Mapping thin resistors and hydrocarbonswith marine EM methods: Insights from 1D modeling: Geophysics, 71, no. 2,G43–G51.

Constable, S. C., Cox, C. S., and Chave, A. D., 1986, Offshore electromag-netic surveying techniques: Offshore electromagnetic surveying techniques:, Ses-sion:EM3.1.

Constable, S. C., Orange, A. S., Hoversten, G. M., and Morrison, H. F., 1998,Marine magnetotellurics for petroleum exploration Part I: A sea-floor equipmentsystem: Geophysics, 63, no. 03, 816–825.

Constable, S., Key, K., and Lewis, L., 2009, Mapping offshore sedimentary struc-ture using electromagnetic methods and terrain effects in marine magnetotelluricdata: Geophysical Journal International, 176, no. 2, 431–442.

Constable, S. C., 1990, Marine Electromagnetic Induction Studies: Surveys InGeophysics, 11, 303–327.

Constable, S., 2010, Ten years of marine CSEM for hydrocarbon exploration: Geo-physics, 75, no. 5, 75A67–75A81.

Corwin, R., 1973, Offshore application of self-potential prospecting: Ph.D. thesis,University of California, Berkeley.

Cox, C. S., and Filloux, J. H., 1974, 2 Dimensional Numerical-Models of CaliforniaElectromagnetic Coastal Anomaly: Journal Of Geomagnetism And Geoelectric-ity, 26, no. 2, 257–267.

Cox, C., Teramoto, T., and Filloux, J., 1964, On coherent electric and magneticfluctuations in the sea in Yoshida, K., Ed., Studies on Oceanography:, 449–457.

Cox, C. S., Filloux, J. H., Gough, D. I., Larsen, J. C., Poehls, K. A., Von Herzen,R. P., and Winter, R., 1977, Atlantic Lithosphere Sounding: Journal Of Geo-magnetism And Geoelectricity, 32, no. Suppl. I, SI12–SI32.

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Cox, C., Deaton, T., and Pistek, P., 1981, An Active Source EM Method for theSeafloor: escholarship.org.

Cox, C. S., Constable, S. C., Chave, A. D., and Webb, S. C., 1986, Controlled-Source Electromagnetic Sounding of the Oceanic Lithosphere: Nature, 320, no.6057, 52–54.

Cox, C., 1980, Electromagnetic induction in the oceans and inferences on theconstitution of the earth: Geophysical Surveys, 4, 137–156.

Cox, C. S., 1981, On the Electrical-Conductivity of the Oceanic Lithosphere:Physics Of The Earth And Planetary Interiors, 25, no. 3, 196–201.

Darnet, M., Choo, M. C. K., Plessix, R.-E., Rosenquist, M. L., Yip-Cheong, K.,Sims, E., and Voon, J. W. K., 2007, Detecting hydrocarbon reservoirs fromCSEM data in complex settings: Application to deepwater Sabah, Malaysia:Geophysics, 72, no. 2, WA97–WA103.

Daud, H., Yahya, N., and Asirvadam, V., 2011, Development of EM simulatorfor sea bed logging applications using MATLAB: Indian Journal of Geo-MarineSciences, 40, no. 2, 267–274.

Davydycheva, S., and Rykhlinski, N., 2011, Focused-source electromagnetic surveyversus standard CSEM: 3D modeling in complex geometries: Geophysics, 76,no. 1, F27–F41.

de Groot-Hedlin, C., and Constable, S., 2004, Inversion of magnetotelluric datafor 2D structure with sharp resistivity contrasts: Geophysics, 69, no. 1, 78–86.

DeLaurier, J. M., Auld, D. R., and Law, L. K., 1983, The Geomagnetic ResponseAcross the Continental-Margin Off Vancouver Island - Comparison of ResultsFrom Numerical Modeling and Field Data: Journal Of Geomagnetism AndGeoelectricity, 35, no. 11-1, 517–528.

Dell’Aversana, P., and Vivier, M., 2009, Expanding the frequency spectrum in ma-rine CSEM applications: Expanding the frequency spectrum in marine CSEMapplications:, Geophysical Prospecting, 573–590.

Dmitriev, V. I., and Mershchikova, N. A., 2010, Mathematical Modeling of theInfluence of the Coastal Effect on Marine Magnetotelluric Soundings: Izvestiya-Physics Of The Solid Earth, 46, no. 8, 717–721.

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Du Frane, W. L., Stern, L. A., Weitemeyer, K. A., Constable, S., Pinkston, J. C.,and Roberts, J. J., 2011, Electrical properties of polycrystalline methane hy-drate: Geophysical Research Letters, 38, –.

Duran, P. B., 1987, The Use of Marine Electromagnetic Conductivity as a Tool inHydrogeologic Investigations: Ground Water, 25, no. 2, 160–166.

Edwards, R. N., and Chave, A. D., 1986, A transient electric dipole-dipole methodfor mapping the conductivity of the sea floor: Geophysics, 51, no. 04, 984–987.

Edwards, R. N., Law, L. K., and DeLaurier, J. M., 1981, On measuring the elec-trical conductivity of the oceanic crust by a modified magnetometric resistivitymethod: Journal Of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth, 86, 11609–11615.

Edwards, R. N., Nobes, D. C., and Gomez-Trevino, E., 1984, Offshore ElectricalExploration of Sedimentary Basins - the Effects of Anisotropy in HorizontallyIsotropic, Layered Media: Geophysics, 49, no. 5, 566–576.

Edwards, R. N., Cheesman, S. J., and Chave, A. D., 1986, Sea floor conductivitymapping using transient EM systems:.

Edwards, R. N., Wolfgram, P. A., and Judge, A. S., 1988, The Ice-Moses Ex-periment - Mapping Permafrost Zones Electrically Beneath the Beaufort Sea:Marine Geophysical Researches, 9, no. 3, 265–290.

Edwards, R. N., 1985, First results of the MOSES experiment: Sea sediment con-ductivity and thickness determination, Bute Inlet, British Columbia, by mag-netometric offshore electrical sounding: Geophysics, 50, no. 1, 153–160.

Edwards, R. N., 1988a, A downhole magnetometric resistivity technique for elec-trical sounding beneath a conductive surface layer: Geophysics, 53, no. 04,528–536.

——– 1988b, Two-Dimensional Modeling of a Towed in-Line Electric Dipole-DipoleSea-Floor Electromagnetic System - the Optimum Time-Delay or Frequency forTarget Resolution: Geophysics, 53, no. 6, 846–853.

Edwards, R. N., 1997, On the resource evaluation of marine gas hydrate depositsusing sea-floor transient electric dipole-dipole methods: Geophysics, 62, no. 1,63–74.

Edwards, N., 2005, Marine controlled source electromagnetics: Principles, method-ologies, future commercial applications: Surveys In Geophysics, 26, no. 6, 675–700.

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Eidesmo, T., Ellingsrud, S., MacGregor, L. M., Constable, S., Sinha, M. C., Jo-hansen, S., Kong, F. N., and Westerdahl, H., 2002, Sea bed logging (SBL), anew method for remote and direct identification of hydrocarbon filled layers indeepwater areas: First Break, 20, 144–152.

Eidsvik, J., Bhattacharjya, D., and Mukerji, T., 2008, Value of information ofseismic amplitude and CSEM resistivity: Geophysics, 73, no. 4, R59–R69.

Ellingsrud, S., Eidesmo, T., Johansen, S., Sinha, M. C., MacGregor, L. M., andConstable, S., 2002, Remote sensing of hydrocarbon layers by seabed logging(SBL): Results from a cruise offshore Angola: The Leading Edge, 21, 972–982.

Ellis, M., Evans, R. L., Hutchinson, D., Hart, P., Gardner, J., and Hagen, R., 2008,Electromagnetic surveying of seafloor mounds in the northern Gulf of Mexico:Marine And Petroleum Geology, 25, no. 9, 960–968.

Ellis, M. H., Sinha, M. C., Minshull, T. A., Sothcott, J., and Best, A. I., 2010, Ananisotropic model for the electrical resistivity of two-phase geologic materials:Geophysics, 75, no. 6, E161–E170.

Endo, M., Cuma, M., and Zhdanov, M. S., 2009, Large-Scale ElectromagneticModeling for Multiple Inhomogeneous Domains: Communications in Computa-tional Physics, 6, no. 2, 269–289.

Ershov, S., Mikhaylovskaya, I., and Novik, O., 2006, Theory of EM monitoringof sea bottom geothermal areas: Journal Of Applied Geophysics, 58, no. 4,330–350.

Evans, R. L., Constable, S. C., Sinha, M. C., Cox, C. S., and Unsworth, M. J.,1991, Upper crustal resistivity structure of the East Pacific Rise near 13 N:Geophysical Research Letters, 18, 1917–1920.

Evans, R. L., Sinha, M. C., Constable, S. C., and Unsworth, M. J., 1994, On theElectrical Nature of the Axial Melt Zone at 13-Degrees-N on the East PacificRise: Journal Of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth, 99, no. B1, 577–588.

Evans, R. L., Webb, S. C., Jegen, M., and Sananikone, K., 1998, Hydrothermalcirculation at the Cleft-Vance overlapping spreading center: Results of a magne-tometric resistivity survey: Journal Of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth, 103,no. B6, 12321–12338.

Evans, R. L., Law, L. K., St Louis, B., Cheesman, S., and Sananikone, K., 1999a,The shallow porosity structure of the Eel shelf, northern California. results of atowed electromagnetic survey: Marine Geology, 154, no. 1-4, 211–226.

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——– 1999b, Asymmetric electrical structure in the mantle beneath the East Pa-cific Rise at 17S: Science, 286, 752–756.

Evans, R. L., Law, L. K., St Louis, B., and Cheesman, S., 2000, Buried paleo-channels on the New Jersey continental margin: channel porosity structuresfrom electromagnetic surveying: Marine Geology, 170, no. 3-4, 381–394.

Evans, R. L., Chave, A. D., and Booker, J. R., 2002a, On the importance ofoffshore data for magnetotelluric studies of ocean-continent subduction systems:Geophysical Research Letters, 29, no. 15, 1302.

——– 2002b, Crustal resistivity structure at 9 50’N on the East Pacific Rise: resultsof an electromagnetic survey: Geophysical Research Letters, 29, no. 6, 6–1 to6–4.

Evans, R. L., Hirth, G., Baba, K., Forsyth, D., Chave, A. D., and Mackie, R., Stan-ford Exploration Project Report 2005, Geophysical evidence from the MELTarea for compositional controls on oceanic plates: Nature, 437, no. 7056, 249–252.

Evans, R. L., Escartin, J., and Cannat, M., 2010, A short electromagnetic profileacross the Kane Oceanic Core Complex: Geophysical Research Letters, 37,L15309.

Evans, R. L., 2001, Measuring the shallow porosity structure of sediments on thecontinental shelf. A comparison of an electromagnetic approach with cores andacoustic backscatter: Journal Of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 106, no. C11,27047–27060.

Evans, R. L., 2007, Using CSEM techniques to map the shallow section of seafloor:From the coastline to the edges of the continental slope: Geophysics, 72, no. 2,WA105–WA116.

Everett, M. E., and Constable, S., 1999, Electric dipole fields over an anisotropicseafloor: theory and application to the structure of 40 Ma Pacific Ocean litho-sphere: Geophysical Journal International, 136, no. 1, 41–56.

Everett, M. E., and Edwards, R. N., 1989, Electromagnetic Expression of AxialMagma Chambers: Geophysical Research Letters, 16, no. 9, 1003–1006.

Everett, M. E., and Edwards, R. N., 1991, Theoretical Controlled-Source Elec-tromagnetic Responses of Fast-Spreading Midocean Ridge Models: GeophysicalJournal International, 105, no. 2, 313–323.

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Everett, M. E., and Edwards, R. N., 1992, Transient marine electromagnetics: the2.5-D forward problem: Geophysical Journal International, 113, no. 3, 545–561.

Everett, M. E., and Edwards, R. N., 1993, Transient Marine Electromagnetics- the 2.5-D Forward Problem: Geophysical Journal International, 113, no. 3,545–561.

Everett, M., 1991, Active Electromagnetics at the Mid-ocean Ridge: Ph.D. thesis,University of Toronto.

Fan, Y., Snieder, R., Slob, E., Hunziker, J., Singer, J., Sheiman, J., and Rosen-quist, M., 2010, Synthetic aperture controlled source electromagnetics: Geo-physical Research Letters, 37, –.

Ferguson, I. J., and Edwards, R. N., 1994, Electromagnetic Mode Conversionby Surface-Conductivity Anomalies - Applications for Conductivity Soundings:Geophysical Journal International, 117, no. 1, 48–68.

Ferguson, I., Filloux, J. H., and Lilley, F., 1985, A seafloor magnetotelluric sound-ing in the Tasman Sea: Geophysical Research Letters.

Ferguson, I., Lilley, F., and Filloux, J. H., 1990, Geomagnetic induction in theTasman Sea and electrical conductivity structure beneath the Tasman Seafloor:Geophysical Journal International.

Ferguson, I. J., 1988, The Tasman project of seafloor magnetotelluric exploration:Ph.D. thesis, Australian National University.

Filloux, J. H., Lilley, F., and Ferguson, I., 1985, The Tasman project of seafloormagnetotelluric exploration: Exploration . . . .

Filloux, J. H., Law, L. K., Yukutake, T., Segawa, J., Hamano, Y., Utada, H.,White, A., Chave, A. D., Tarits, P., and Green, A. W., 1989a, Offshore EM-SLAB: objectives, experimental phase and early results: Physics Of The EarthAnd Planetary Interiors, 53, no. 3-4, 422–431.

——– 1989b, Observations of motional electromagnetic fields during EMSLAB:Journal Of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth.

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