MARGINS SOURCE-TO-SINKMARGINS SOURCE-TO-SINK

S2S Program Goals S2S Focus Sites S2S TEI - Success-To-Date Community Sediment Model

S2S Program Goals S2S Focus Sites S2S TEI - Success-To-Date Community Sediment Model

1. How do tectonics, climate, sea level fluctuations, and other forcing parameters regulate the production, transfer, and storage of sediments and solutes from their sources to their sinks?

2. What processes initiate erosion and sediment transfer, and how are these processes linked through feedbacks?

3. How do variations in sediment processes and fluxes and longer-term variations such as tectonics and sea level build the stratigraphic record to create a history of global change?

SOURCE-TO-SINK (S2S) CONCEPT

GULF OF PAPUA FOCUS SITE

MD 37

MD 40

MD 31

MD 38MD 39

MD 42

MD 30

MD 47

MD 48

MD 46

MD 50

MD 49

MD 41

MD 34

MD 44

MD 45

MD 43

JPC 66

JPC 33

Eastern Plateau

Moresby Trough

Ash

mo

reT

rou

gh

Pand

ora

Trou

gh

CORAL SEA

PAPUASHELF

PAPUA LAND

PortlockReef

Boot Atoll

AshmoreAtoll

Eastern FieldsAtoll

Gre

at

50 km

Puari River

Turama River

Bamu River

Fly River

SHEL

F ED

GE

Bar

rier

Reef

SHEL

F ED

GE

LGM

Coa

stlin

e

LGM Coastline

Holoce

ne

Clinofo

rm

NEW ZEALAND FOCUS SITE

S2S TEI - NORTHERN CALIFORNIASeptember 18-22, 2006

1. Rolling venue, beginning in Marin County, Ca. and ending in Eureka, Ca., with ~80 attendees (mix of professionals and grad students);

2. Six keynote speakers (45-60 minutes each):• Jame Syvitski (INSTAAR) - Promise of S2S• Bill Dietrich (UC-Berkeley) - Source Processes• John Milliman (VIMS) - Sediment Routing• Chuck Nittrouer (U. Washington) - Shelf Processes• Sam Bentley (Memorial U.) and Andre Droxler (Rice U.) - Slope, Deepwater

and Carbonate Sedimentation• John Swenson (U. Minnesota) - S2S Teleconnections

3. A series of shorter (10+ minutes) thematic talks. Three to four short talks after each keynote, followed by 30-60 minutes of open discussion;

• Integrated technical sessions and field trips. One day of sessions, followed by a traverse through the Eel River drainage basin, en route from Marin County to Eureka. Two days of technical sessions, plus a morning field trip to visit coastal cliff exposures of uplifted ancestral Eel River and Eel shelf strata;

• Breakout group meetings to discuss successes, gaps/needs, and opportunities

Sediment fluxes off the hillslope

(the source)

Bill Dietrich, UC-Berkeley Issues What is a Hillslope? Processes Rates Prediction Concluding comments

Note: This is not an analysis of sediment discharge to the oceans

FATE OF FLUVIAL SEDIMENTS ON SHELVES:PUTTING ACTIVE MARGINS INTO

PERSPECTIVE

Chuck Nittrouer, University of Washington

Sediment supply:riverglacier (tide

water)

Clark Alexander Tina Drexler Brent McKee Pere Puig Mead Allison John Jaeger Beth Mullenbach Chris Sommerfield Sam Bentley Steve Kuehl Andrea Ogston Dick Sternberg John Crockett Preston Martin Cindy Palinkas JP Walsh Dave DeMaster

Sediment type:siliciclasticcarbonate

Teleconnections in the Source-to-Sink SystemJohn Swenson, University of Minnesota Duluth

La Nina anomalous SL pressure

Strong statistical relationship between ‘weather’ in different

parts of the globe

Information propagates through the atmosphere

Long-distance propagation of allogenic forcing (e.g. sea level change) through the transport system via erosion and deposition on geologic time scales

CURRENT S2S PROGRAM SUCCESSES1. Development of S2S as a paradigm - S2S concept has become much broader

than the MARGINS Program, and now permeates academic and industrial teaching and research efforts in the US, and other countries have developed their own programs of this kind;

2. Fostering of a community surface dynamics modeling effort - will facilitate teaching and research far beyond the MARGINS Program;

3. S2S system knowledge-transfer - allows NSF core-program studies to succeed where they otherwise wouldn’t even have been conceived;

4. Collection and archiving of large comprehensive datasets - now available to the entire community at http://www.marine-geo.org/margins/

5. Education of graduate students - new techniques and broader scientific concepts in a learning environment of diverse researchers;

6. Recognition that timing of river & ocean events is fundamental - critical to understanding margin sediment dynamics and dispersal processes;

7. Refinement of Historic and Holocene sediment budgets - budgets emerging for both focus sites, at least in a gross anatomical sense;

SEDIMENT DISPERSAL SYSTEMS:SOURCE-TO-SINK

Sediment Budget Using 210Pb Accumulation Rates

Sediment Budget Using 210Pb Accumulation Rates

38% of sediment preserved on shelf

400 m

Courtesy of Neal Driscoll

Modern sedimentation over old clinoform

(across-shelf view)

OPPORTUNITIES1. Increased use of tracers - cosmogenic radionuclides, OC, luminescence, and

others can be used to track sediments through system, develop chronological links between source and sink, and rates of signal transfer and strata formation;

2. Use of LIDAR - LIDAR can be used to develop more precise topographic, process, and landscape evolution models;

3. Next-generation deep cores - needed to understand the longer-term stratigraphic record of source-to-sink;

2. Develop links between S2S and other NSF programs - such as Orion, Venus (Victoria Experimental Network under the Sea) data/equipment;

3. Opportunities to develop rapid response infrastructure - improve community capabilities to monitor sediment dispersal through major events, which would be portable to other areas, and serve model development;

4. Opportunities to leverage industry interests and resources - if the program were packaged in a slightly broader temporal framework; and

2. Exploit the environmental record of lake sediments - possible at both focus sites to develop independent records of climate change and climate forcing.

3. Opportunity to Link S2S with Environmental Change Research - S2S can play an important role in discussions of the responses of the Earth surface to climate and environmental change

JGR SPECIAL ISSUE ON PNG

The Papuan Continuum: Source to Sink through the Fly River System and the Gulf of Papua

Co-editors: Chuck NittrouerRudy Slingerland,Jerry Dickens,Gary Parker

1 overview (Nittrouer) plus 22 technical papers, that cover a spectrum of issues, including source processes, sediment transfer and deposition in the sink, and cycling of carbon and other biorelevant material

COMMUNITY SEDIMENT MODEL

Status and Next Steps

Lead PI/Institution: J. Syvitski/INSTAAR, CU

• INSTAAR CSM proposal has been funded.– Lead institution for multi-institution effort.

• Cooperative agreement w/ other institutions now being assembled.– Steering committee (Head: Slingerland, PSU)– IT/Numerics working group (Head: Furbish, Vandy)– Marine working group (Head: Wiberg, UVA)– Terrestrial working group (Head: Tucker, CU)– Coastal working group (Head: Murray, Duke(?))– Education working group (Head: TBD)

• Other partnerships in works:– International Partners Committee– Industrial Partners Committee– Federal Inter-Agency Partners Committee