Maps & GlobesMaps & Globes

Basic map components, Basic map components, types, & projectiontypes, & projection

Basic Map ComponentsBasic Map Components

Compass Rose- Compass Rose- shows the shows the cardinal cardinal directions: north, directions: north, east, south, east, south, west. west.

Up is not a Up is not a direction on a direction on a map!map!

Basic Map ComponentsBasic Map Components

Legend/Key- Legend/Key- shows the shows the meanings of meanings of symbols on a symbols on a map.map.

Basic Map ComponentsBasic Map Components

Scale- shows how much area is Scale- shows how much area is covered on the map; can be covered on the map; can be expressed as a ratio, a bar, or a expressed as a ratio, a bar, or a statement.statement.

Global GridGlobal Grid

Latitude Latitude “parallels”“parallels”

Run east to westRun east to west

Measure north & Measure north & south.south.

Global GridGlobal Grid

Equator- starting point for Equator- starting point for measuring latitude; 0º N & S.measuring latitude; 0º N & S.

Poles- 90º N & SPoles- 90º N & S

Tropic of Capricorn- 23.5º STropic of Capricorn- 23.5º S

Tropic of Cancer- 23.5º N.Tropic of Cancer- 23.5º N.

Arctic Circle- 66.5º NArctic Circle- 66.5º N

Antarctic Circle- 66.5º S.Antarctic Circle- 66.5º S.

Global GridGlobal Grid

Longitude Longitude “meridians”“meridians”

Run north to southRun north to south

Converge at the Converge at the polespoles

Measure east & Measure east & west. west.

Global GridGlobal Grid

Prime Meridian- starting point Prime Meridian- starting point for measuring longitude; 0º East for measuring longitude; 0º East & West; runs through & West; runs through Greenwich, England.Greenwich, England.

International Date Line- 180º International Date Line- 180º East & West approximately.East & West approximately.

HemispheresHemispheres ½ of the globe. ½ of the globe.

Equator divides Equator divides Northern & Northern & Southern.Southern.

Prime Meridian Prime Meridian & International & International Date Line divide Date Line divide Eastern & Eastern & Western.Western.

Map ProjectionMap Projection

Flat maps tend to Flat maps tend to be distorted in be distorted in either shape or either shape or size.size.

Different map Different map projections try to projections try to minimize these minimize these distortions.distortions.

A Globe is the most A Globe is the most accurate map.accurate map.

Types of MapsTypes of Maps

Physical Maps- Physical Maps- shows physical shows physical features like features like mountains, mountains, rivers, lakes, etc. rivers, lakes, etc.

Relief- changes in Relief- changes in elevation. elevation.

Types of mapsTypes of maps

Topographic map- uses contour lines to Topographic map- uses contour lines to show relief.show relief.

Types of MapsTypes of Maps

Political Maps- Political Maps- show political show political features like features like boundaries, boundaries, borders, cities, borders, cities, capitals, etc.capitals, etc.

Types of MapsTypes of Maps

Special Purpose Maps- designed to Special Purpose Maps- designed to display a specific type of information.display a specific type of information.

Types of MapsTypes of Maps

Mental Maps- the Mental Maps- the maps you have in maps you have in your head that your head that help you move help you move around.around.

MiscellaneousMiscellaneous

Atlas- a collection of Atlas- a collection of maps in book form.maps in book form.

Gazetteer- an index Gazetteer- an index of maps.of maps.

Cartographer- a Cartographer- a mapmakermapmaker