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Mapping Poverty in Mapping Poverty in Alachua County, FloridaAlachua County, Florida
Team 3: John Boyle, Brad Roberts, Kelly Smith,
Stephen Ulman, and Tracey Watson
PovertyPoverty
The state of being without the necessities of daily The state of being without the necessities of daily living, often associated with need, hardship and lack living, often associated with need, hardship and lack of resources across a wide range of circumstances. of resources across a wide range of circumstances.
-Wikipedia.org-Wikipedia.org If a family’s total income is less than the family’s If a family’s total income is less than the family’s
threshold, then that family and every individual in it threshold, then that family and every individual in it is considered in poverty. The official poverty is considered in poverty. The official poverty thresholds do not vary geographically, but they are thresholds do not vary geographically, but they are updated for inflation using Consumer Price updated for inflation using Consumer Price Index. The official poverty definition uses money Index. The official poverty definition uses money income before taxes and does not include capital income before taxes and does not include capital gains or noncash benefits (such as public housing, gains or noncash benefits (such as public housing, Medicaid, and food stamps). Medicaid, and food stamps).
-US Census Bureau-US Census Bureau
US Census Bureau US Census Bureau Poverty Threshold for 2000Poverty Threshold for 2000
Weighted Weighted
AverageAverage
Related Children Under 18 YearsRelated Children Under 18 Years
Size of Family UnitSize of Family Unit ThresholdsThresholds NoneNone OneOne TwoTwo ThreeThree FourFour Five Five SixSix SevenSevenEight orEight or
moremore
One person One person 8,7948,794
Under 65 yearsUnder 65 years 8,9598,959 8,9598,959
65 years and over65 years and over 8,2598,259 8,2598,259
Two PersonsTwo Persons 11,23911,239
Householder under Householder under 65 years65 years 11,59011,590 11,53111,531 11,86911,869
Householder 65 years Householder 65 years and overand over 10,41910,419 10,40910,409 11,82411,824
Three personsThree persons 13,73813,738 13,47013,470 13,86113,861 13,87413,874
Four personsFour persons 17,60317,603 17,76117,761 18,05218,052 17,46317,463 17,52417,524
Five PersonsFive Persons 20,81920,819 21,41921,419 21,73121,731 21,06521,065 20,55020,550 20,23620,236
Six PersonsSix Persons 23,52823,528 24,63624,636 24,73424,734 24,22424,224 23,73623,736 23,00923,009 22,57922,579
Seven PersonsSeven Persons 26,75426,754 28,34728,347 28,52428,524 27,91427,914 27,48927,489 26,69626,696 25,77225,772 24,75824,758
Eight PersonsEight Persons 29,70129,701 31,70431,704 31,98431,984 31,40831,408 30,90430,904 30,18830,188 29,27929,279 28,33428,334 28,09328,093
Nine Persons or Nine Persons or moremore 35,06035,060 38,13838,138 38,32238,322 37,81337,813 37,38537,385 36,68236,682 35,71635,716 34,84134,841 34,62534,625 33,29133,291
Main GoalMain Goal
Locate Poverty within Alachua Locate Poverty within Alachua County based on:County based on: Economic IndicatorsEconomic Indicators Socio Demographic IndicatorsSocio Demographic Indicators Vulnerability IndicatorsVulnerability Indicators
Problem StatementProblem Statement
Determine which indicators have the Determine which indicators have the greatest influence on poverty in greatest influence on poverty in Alachua County.Alachua County.
Poverty Statistics in AlachuaPoverty Statistics in Alachua(2000-2001)(2000-2001)
22.8% of the population is below poverty line22.8% of the population is below poverty line 70.9% of those are between the ages of 18-6570.9% of those are between the ages of 18-65 Single mother households have the highest Single mother households have the highest
rate of poverty at 24%rate of poverty at 24% Although overall poverty is down for the total Although overall poverty is down for the total
population in Alachua County, poverty has population in Alachua County, poverty has increased by over 1% for the working force increased by over 1% for the working force group (ages 18-64). group (ages 18-64).
Unemployment vs. Unemployment vs. UnderemploymentUnderemployment
Unemployment—involuntary Unemployment—involuntary idleness of workersidleness of workers
Underemployment--the condition in Underemployment--the condition in which people in a labor force are which people in a labor force are employed at less than full-time or at employed at less than full-time or at jobs inadequate with respect to their jobs inadequate with respect to their training or economic needstraining or economic needs
UnemploymentUnemployment
Alachua County’s unemployment rate remains lowAlachua County’s unemployment rate remains low Current Unemployment numbers:Current Unemployment numbers:
National- 5.2%National- 5.2% Florida- 4.3%Florida- 4.3% Alachua County- 3.2%Alachua County- 3.2%
UnderemploymentUnderemployment
Difficult to measureDifficult to measure Gainesville has the highest rate of Gainesville has the highest rate of
population with at least a bachelors degree population with at least a bachelors degree in Floridain Florida 40.1% of population 25 or older holding 40.1% of population 25 or older holding
a bachelor’s degree—6a bachelor’s degree—6thth in the nation in the nation according to according to ForbesForbes
Limited number of jobs Limited number of jobs
for these qualificationsfor these qualifications
Underemployment Underemployment Continued…Continued…
Top 10 Occupations Gaining New Jobs in Alachua Top 10 Occupations Gaining New Jobs in Alachua County:County: Nurses*Nurses* SalespersonsSalespersons WaitersWaiters Heath specialty teachers*Heath specialty teachers* CashiersCashiers Construction laborersConstruction laborers Elementary school teachers*Elementary school teachers* Customer service repsCustomer service reps Teachers assistantsTeachers assistants ReceptionistsReceptionists
*-- denotes jobs typically requiring a bachelor’s degree*-- denotes jobs typically requiring a bachelor’s degree
Legend
RTS Transit Routes
% of people in poverty
% Range
0.013548% - 0.176128%
0.176129% - 0.352256%
0.352257% - 0.541932%
0.541933% - 0.718060%
0.718061% - 0.907736%
0.907737% - 1.097412%
1.097413% - 1.273540%
1.273541% - 1.449668%
1.449669% - 1.639344%
Poverty as a Percent of Total Population
!( !(!(
!( !(!( !(!( !(!(!( !(!(!(
!(!( !(!(
!(
!(
!(
!(!(!(!( !(!(
!(
!(
Legend
schools
!( 75%
!( 50%
Alachua County
Students Enrolled in Free or Reduced Lunch Programs by School
:0 9 184.5 Miles
Alachua County has 29,533 Students in Alachua County has 29,533 Students in their Public School system. their Public School system.
Elementary school students with reduced Elementary school students with reduced lunch receive a 77% discount.lunch receive a 77% discount.
Secondary school students with reduced Secondary school students with reduced lunch receive an 80% discount. lunch receive an 80% discount.
The program also offers breakfast at The program also offers breakfast at reduced prices.reduced prices.
Legend
Places of Employment
Alachua County
Places of Employment in and Around Alachua County
.0 6 123 Miles
1:349,340
““The stability of the county economy is The stability of the county economy is attributable mainly to the University of attributable mainly to the University of Florida and other governmental employers Florida and other governmental employers in the area.”in the area.”
Government agencies employ Government agencies employ
36% of Alachua County’s work force. 36% of Alachua County’s work force. Service and Trade work Service and Trade work
obtain 27% and 21% respectivelyobtain 27% and 21% respectively Agriculture utilizes only 11%Agriculture utilizes only 11% Manufacturing employs only 4%Manufacturing employs only 4%
Legend
Age 18 to 29
Age 30 to 65
Poor Areas
White
Black
Race and Age of 'Poor' Areas
0 3 6 9 121.5Miles
Gainesville
Alachua
Newberry
High Springs
Archer
Waldo
Hawthorne
Micanopy
Lacrosse
Alachua County Substandard Housing by Parcel
Legend
Municipalities
Alachua County
Parcels
Substandard Housing
0 - 1
2 - 5
6 - 10
11 - 17
18 - 25
26 - 32
33 - 38
39 - 48
49 - 63
64 - 205
®
0 7 143.5 Miles
““Dwelling units that have deficiencies which, Dwelling units that have deficiencies which, through continued neglect, may lead to total through continued neglect, may lead to total deterioration of the structure.”deterioration of the structure.”
Deficiencies may include:Deficiencies may include: Structural deterioration of roof, foundation and Structural deterioration of roof, foundation and
porch. porch. Exterior walls that are in need of new paint and Exterior walls that are in need of new paint and
repair.repair. Exterior doors and windows that are structurally Exterior doors and windows that are structurally
unsound.unsound.
!( !(!(!(!( !( !(
!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!( !( !(!( !(
!( !(!( !(!( !(!(!(
!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(
Sewage Facilities and Solid Waste Disposal in Alachua County
Legend
!( solid waste
sewage treatment
sewer
rural cluster
municipalities
urban cluster
alachua county
.0 10 205 Miles
163,000 Tons of waste are processed annually in Alachua County
60% is generated by the city of Gainesville.
ConclusionConclusion
We believe that Alachua County’s poverty We believe that Alachua County’s poverty is most concentrated in East Gainesville is most concentrated in East Gainesville and on the outskirts of the countyand on the outskirts of the county We believe that Gainesville’s poverty is due to lowWe believe that Gainesville’s poverty is due to lowincome employment and an insufficient job marketincome employment and an insufficient job market
*Students of the near by university take many jobs *Students of the near by university take many jobs from local citizens and are willing to work for lessfrom local citizens and are willing to work for less
The poverty on the outskirts of the county can be due The poverty on the outskirts of the county can be due toto
little to no access to the job market and the low income little to no access to the job market and the low income ofof
the agriculture industrythe agriculture industry
Most Influential IndicatorsMost Influential Indicators
We believe that incomeWe believe that income
was the most prevalentwas the most prevalent
Economic IndicatorEconomic Indicator We believe that access We believe that access
to the Labor Market is theto the Labor Market is the
most important most important
Vulnerability IndicatorVulnerability Indicator
However…However…
Alachua County’s population drops Alachua County’s population drops from 217,955 to 187,570 when off-campus from 217,955 to 187,570 when off-campus
UF students are excludedUF students are excluded 26,085 of those students meet poverty 26,085 of those students meet poverty
guidelines (that is 86%!)guidelines (that is 86%!) That drops the county poverty percentage That drops the county poverty percentage
from 22.8% to 13.9%from 22.8% to 13.9% The National Average is 12.5%The National Average is 12.5%
Alachua County by Zip Alachua County by Zip CodeCode
http://redlandsarcweb.esri.com/services/servlet/EBIS_Reports?serviceName=FreeZip&errorURL=http%3A%2F%2Fbao.esri.com%2Fesribis%3Fcommand%3Dzipcodelookup%26from%3Dbishp&zipcode=32611
http://redlandsarcweb.esri.com/services/servlet/EBIS_Reports?serviceName=FreeZip&errorURL=http%3A%2F%2Fbao.esri.com%2Fesribis%3Fcommand%3Dzipcodelookup%26from%3Dbishp&zipcode=32641
???Questions??????Questions???
Should college students be Should college students be considered in poverty?considered in poverty?
Is there a better way to measure Is there a better way to measure student situation?student situation?
Why does East Gainesville struggle Why does East Gainesville struggle while predominantly student while predominantly student neighborhoods do not?neighborhoods do not?
ReferencesReferences
Map1Map1http://www.florida-music-network.com/maps/Alachua.gifhttp://www.florida-music-network.com/maps/Alachua.gif Povertystats:Povertystats:
www.answers.com/topic/alachua-county-floridawww.answers.com/topic/alachua-county-florida
www.censusscope.orgwww.censusscope.org
U.S.CensusBureau,2001SupplementarySurveyU.S.CensusBureau,2001SupplementarySurvey SubstandardHousinginfo:SubstandardHousinginfo:
http://www.habitat.org/build/21st/define_substandard.aspxhttp://www.habitat.org/build/21st/define_substandard.aspx WasteDisposalinfo:WasteDisposalinfo:
http://countymanager.alachua.fl.us/documents/budget_message_fy06/http://countymanager.alachua.fl.us/documents/budget_message_fy06/ UnderemploymentUnderemployment
http://www.gainesville.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20050417/ALMANAC/204170325/-1/livinghttp://www.gainesville.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20050417/ALMANAC/204170325/-1/living
http://www.clerk-alachua-fl.org/clerk/faa/ftmr98/ind06.htmhttp://www.clerk-alachua-fl.org/clerk/faa/ftmr98/ind06.htm
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/2002/0527/bestplaces_2.htmlhttp://www.forbes.com/forbes/2002/0527/bestplaces_2.html
