Mapping Media Freedom - Index on Censorship...Syrian journalists Orouba Barakat and her daughter Halla Barakat were murdered by a distant relative in September ... Journalist Gülşen

Mapping Media FreedomSPECIAL REPORT | JANUARY 2019

2 0 1 4 - 1 8

ABOUT THIS REPORTA companion to Demonising the media: Threats to journalists in Europe, the numbers contained in this document are drawn from 3,187 press freedom violations reported to Mapping Media Freedom, an Index on Censorship project, between May 2014 and July 2018 covering 35 European Union member states, candidates and potential candidates for entry.

ABOUT MAPPING MEDIA FREEDOM

MAPPING MEDIA FREEDOM -- partially funded by the European Commission --

investigates the full spectrum of threats to media freedom in the region – from the seemingly innocuous to the most serious infractions – in a near-real-time system that launched to the public on 24 May 2014.

Driven by Index on Censorship’s decades-long experience in monitoring censorship across the globe, Mapping Media Freedom set out to record the widest possible array of press freedom viola-tions in an effort to understand the precursors to the retreat of media freedom in a country. The ambitious scope of the project called for a flexible methodology that draws on a network of regional correspondents, partner organisations and media sources.

Mapping Media Freedom defines a media worker as anyone partaking in the gathering, assessing, creating and presenting of news and information.

Each report is fact-checked with local sources before becoming publicly available on the Map-ping Media Freedom map. The number of reports per country relates to the number of incidents re-ported to the map. The data should not be taken as representing absolute numbers. For example, the number of reported incidents of censorship appears low given the number of other types of incidents reported on the map. This could be due to an increase in acts of intimidation and pressure that deter media workers from reporting such cases.

THE NUMBERS ARE STARK AND THE

CONTEXTS VARY, BUT THE UNMISTAKABLE

MESSAGE THEY CONVEY IS THAT

JOURNALISM IS AT RISK

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSTHIS REPORT WAS PREPARED BY

Ilcho Cvetanoski, Alessio Perrone and Sean Gallagher with contributions by Jodie Ginsberg, Joy Hyvarinen and Paula Kennedy and Mapping Media Freedom correspondents: João de Almeida Dias Adriana Borowicz, Valeria Costa-Kostritsky, Amanda Ferguson, Dominic Hinde, Investigative Reporting Project Italy, Linas Jegelevicius, Juris Kaza, David Kraft, Lazara Marinkovic, Fatjona Mejdini, Mitra Nazar, Silvia Nortes, Platform for Independent Journalism (P24), Katariina Salomaki, Zoltan Sipos, Michaela Terenzani, Pavel Theiner, Helle Tiikmaa, Christina Vasilaki, Lisa WeinbergerDESIGN

Matthew Hasteley

“Mapping Media Freedom is essential to getting to the bottom of the two biggest issues plaguing media today: violence against members of the media and impunity from prosecution by their assailants.”

DUNJA MIJATOVIC, Former OSCE representative on freedom of the media, 2016

2 3

MAPPING MEDIA FREEDOM 2014-18

MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORGMAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG

Incidents by countryReports filed to Mapping Media Freedom between May 2014 and 31 July 2018

TURKEY651

ITALY364

FRANCE212

GERMANY126

AUSTRIA20

CZECH REPUBLIC11

NETHERLANDS66

BELGIUM28

LUXEMBOURG4

DENMARK8

UNITED KINGDOM

88

IRELAND10

SPAIN182

PORTGUAL18

POLAND145

LITHUANIA28

LATVIA22

FINLAND8

ESTONIA10

SWEDEN30

HUNGARY218

ROMANIA123SERBIA

153

GREECE75

KOSOVO38

SLOVAKIA14

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA

118

MONTENEGRO46

ALBANIA31

MACEDONIA112

BULGARIA42

CYPRUS17

MALTA23

CROATIA132

SLOVENIA14

COUNTRYNUMBER OF INCIDENTS

COUNTRYNUMBER OF INCIDENTS

KEYThe area of the circle

shows the relative magnitude of incidents


MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORGMAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG54


KEY CATEGORIES2014-2018

Each report is flagged against seven main categories and 64 subcategories to provide a sortable and searchable

database of the types of press freedom violations taking place. Reports

can include one or more incidents and appear in multiple categories.

Full descriptions can be viewed online in the Methodology section

of mappingmediafreedom.orgIn this section, we detail 18 of the most serious categories

MEDIA FREEDOM VIOLATIONS WERE

REVIEWED FOR THIS REPORT

3187

Please note: Histograms in the following categories include Q2 2014 and Q3 2018 as partial quarters. Q2 2014 includes 1 May-30 June 2014; Q3 2018 includes 1-31 July 2018.




JOURNALISTS WERE MURDERED

ROHAT AKTAS , HALLA BARAKAT, OROUBA BARAKAT, CABU ( JEAN CABUT) , MUSTAFA CAMBAZ, ELSA CAYAT, CHARB (STÉPHANE CHARBONNIER) , DAPHNE CARUANA GALIZIA , PHIL IPPE HONORÉ,

NAJ I JERF, MARTIN KOK , JÁN KUCIAK , BERNARD MARIS , ŁUKASZ MASIAK , MUSTAPHA OURRAD, FERDI ÖZMEN, IBRAHIM ABD AL-QADER, MICHEL RENAUD, MOHAMMED ZAHIR , AL-SHERQAT,

SERENA SHIM, T IGNOUS (BERNARD VERLHAC) , K IM WALL , GEORGES WOLINSKI , GÜLSEN YILDIZ

24SLOVAKIAInvestigative journalist Ján Kuciak and his partner were killed at their home in February 2018.

TURKEYSyrian journalists Orouba Barakat and her daughter Halla Barakat were murdered by a distant relative in September 2017. They had been subjected to threats from groups associated with the Bashar Assad government.

In April 2017 Saeed Karimian was killed in Istanbul by several hooded men who shot him and his business partner, a native of Kuwait. Karimian, an Iranian television executive based in Istanbul, was condemned in absentia in Tehran for “spreading propaganda against Iran”.

During the failed July 2016 coup attempt, soldiers shot and killed Mustafa Cambaz, a photographer with the pro-government newspaper Yeni Şafak, in the Çengelköy neighbourhood of Istanbul.

Journalist Mohammed Zahir al-Sherqat was murdered in April 2016 by members of Isis, which claimed he was killed for presenting “anti- Islamic State programs”.

Journalist Gülşen Yıldız was killed in February 2016 during a terrorist attack on a military convoy in Ankara. The journalist was among 28 people killed in the incident.

The body of Rohat Aktaş, a news editor and reporter for the Kurdish-language daily Azadiya Welat, was recovered in February 2016 from a Cizre basement, where he was trapped with dozens of others during clashes between Kurdish separatists and Turkish forces.

Syrian journalist Naji Jerf was shot and killed in Gaziantep. Jerf’s murder was seen as an assassination because he had documented atrocities by Isis and trained hundreds of citizen journalists.

Syrian citizen-journalist Ibrahim Abd al-Qader was beheaded in the city of Şanlıurfa, where he had been living as

a refugee. Al-Qader was a contributor to the “Raqqa is Being Slaughtered Silently” information network and the Ayn al- Watan website. The journalist’s body was found at the home of a friend, Fares Hammadi, who had also been decapitated.

Influential Turkish blogger Ferdi Özmen was killed in Istanbul in October 2014. Özmen was an ardent supporter of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’s policies and a critic of the government.

Serena Shim was killed in a car crash in Suruç in October 2014. Shim, a reporter for Iran’s Press TV, had been reporting from the Turkish-Syrian border on Isis militants crossing into Turkey, and had recently said on air that she was accused of spying by Turkish intelligence.

Media worker Kadri Bağdu was murdered in October 2014 while distributing the Kurdish dailies Azadiya Welat and Özgür Gündem in Seyhan, in the south-eastern province of Adana. He was shot five times by two individuals who then fled on a motorcycle.g

THE NETHERLANDSCrime journalist Martin Kok was shot dead in December 2016.

MALTAAnti-corruption journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia was killed when the car she was driving exploded as a result of a bomb in October 2017.

POLANDJournalist Łukasz Masiak was beaten to death in Mława in June 2015.

DENMARKSwedish freelance journalist Kim Wall was murdered during a trip on an experimental submarine in August 2017.

FRANCETwelve people were murdered in a January 2015 terrorist attack on satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo.

SERBIAJournalist and radio host Luka Popov was murdered at his home in Srpski Krstur during a burglary in June 2016. Three suspects were later arrested and police said they confessed to the crime.

CANDIDATE COUNTRIES

The 19 reports of death from EU member states, candidate states and potential candidate states record a variety of situations

Death

CATEGORY MEMBER STATES

Mapping Media Freedom defines a journalist as individuals gathering, assessing, creating and presenting news and information..



MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG8MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG

98MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORGMAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG

REPORTS INCLUDED PHYSICAL ASSAULT

433TOP COUNTRIES

ITALY83 reports

GERMANY25 reports

FRANCE36 reports

BOSNIA15 reports

SPAIN38 reports

HUNGARY18 reports

TURKEY36 reports

GREECE15 reports

SERBIA26 reports

CROATIA21 reports

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

CATEGORY

Violence against media professionals

Physical Assault

0

10

20

30

40

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*


MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG11


MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORGMAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG10MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG10MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG

Injury

Media professionals harmed while working(not necessarily related to physical assaults)

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

ITALY18 reports

GERMANY8 reports

CROATIA8 reports

BOSNIA4 reports

FRANCE14 reports

MACEDONIA5 reports

SPAIN8 reports

GREECE4 reports

TURKEY8 reports

KOSOVO4 reports

0

5

10

15

20

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

REPORTS INCLUDED INJURIES

102





Arrest/Detention

Media professionals taken into custody

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

0

20

40

60

80

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

REPORTS INCLUDED ARRESTS AND DETENTIONS

434TURKEY324 reports

GERMANY8 reports

FRANCE9 reports

POLAND7 reports

GREECE15 reports

NETHERLANDS7 reports

MACEDONIA9 reports

LATVIA6 reports

SERBIA8 reports

SPAIN5 reports





REPORTS INCLUDED INTERROGATION

77Interrogation

Media professionals questioned about work

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

TURKEY44 reports

BELGIUM2 reports

BOSNIA3 reports

KOSOVO2 reports

FRANCE4 reports

HUNGARY2 reports

ITALY3 reports

MACEDONIA2 reports

LATVIA3 reports


0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME





IntimidationMedia professional threatened, implied or implicit

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

ITALY133 reports

FRANCE39 reports

ROMANIA47 reports

MACEDONIA31 reports

BOSNIA47 reports

HUNGARY36 reports

CROATIA41 reports

TURKEY31 reports

SERBIA40 reports

SPAIN29 reports

0

25

50

75

100

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

REPORTS INCLUDED INTIMIDATION

702





Collateral Targets

Family and friends of media professionals

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

TURKEY15 reports


BOSNIA3 reports

FRANCE1 report

ITALY4 reports

BELGIUM1 report

MONTENEGRO3 reports

KOSOVO1 report

MACEDONIA2 reports

ROMANIA1 report

0

5

10

15

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

REPORTS INCLUDED COLLATERAL TARGETING

38





Attack to Property

Professional tools damaged/seized

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

ITALY69 reports

CROATIA17 reports

FRANCE24 reports

MONTENEGRO14 reports

TURKEY39 reports

SPAIN16 reports

MACEDONIA19 reports

BOSNIA13 reports

GERMANY18 reports

SERBIA13 reports

0

10

20

30

40

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

REPORTS INCLUDEDATTACK TO PROPERTY

341





Civil Lawsuits

Non-criminal legal actions

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

ITALY45 reports

SPAIN9 reports

POLAND14 reports

ROMANIA7 reports

TURKEY15 reports

MALTA7 reports

FRANCE12 reports

GREECE6 reports

CROATIA9 reports

GERMANY4 reports

0

5

10

15

20

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

REPORTS INCLUDED CIVIL LAWSUITS

159





Criminal Charges

Media professionals accused of violating laws

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

TURKEY160 reports

GERMANY4 reports

SPAIN6 reports

POLAND14 reports

ITALY8 reports


FRANCE6 reports

HUNGARY4 reports

SERBIA4 reports

MONTENEGRO4 reports

0

10

20

30

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

REPORTS INCLUDED CRIMINAL CHARGES

74





Legal Measures

Laws or court orders restricting media freedom

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

TURKEY126 reports

GERMANY25 reports

ITALY32 reports

SERBIA12 reports

HUNGARY41 reports

POLAND17 reports

FRANCE28 reports

ROMANIA12 reports

SPAIN26 reports

LITHUANIA12 reports

0

20

40

60

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

REPORTS INCLUDED LEGAL MEASURES

432





Loss of EmploymentTerminations or job cuts

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

TURKEY34 reports

SPAIN16 reports

POLAND24 reports

UK14 reports

HUNGARY28 reports

FRANCE14 reports

ROMANIA21 reports

SERBIA12 reports

CROATIA20 reports

MACEDONIA9 reports

0

10

20

30

40

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

REPORTS INCLUDED LOSS OF

EMPLOYMENT

239





Blocked Access

Prevention of reporting through obstacles

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

TURKEY103 reports

SERBIA29 reports

FRANCE38 reports

POLAND37 reports

HUNGARY55 reports


ITALY34 reports

MACEDONIA28 reports

GERMANY34 reports

UK21 reports

0

10

20

30

40

50

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

REPORTS INCLUDED BLOCKED ACCESS

549





Defamation/DiscreditPublic ridicule of a media professional

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

ITALY41 reports

FRANCE21 reports

BOSNIA33 reports

ROMANIA18 reports

SERBIA40 reports

POLAND18 reports

HUNGARY32 reports

SPAIN17 reports

CROATIA31 reports

MACEDONIA15 reports

0

10

20

30

40

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

REPORTS INCLUDED DEFAMATION AND

DISCREDIT

348





Psychological AbuseVerbal harassment/offline bullying

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

ITALY43 reports

TURKEY20 reports

BOSNIA25 reports

FRANCE19 reports

HUNGARY27 reports

CROATIA19 reports

SERBIA22 reports

GERMANY15 reports

ROMANIA21 reports

SPAIN13 reports

0

20

40

60

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

REPORTS INCLUDED PSYCHOLOGICAL

ABUSE

298





Sexual HarassmentTargeting gender identity

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

BOSNIA6 reports


UK4 reports

SPAIN2 reports

SERBIA4 reports

ROMANIA2 reports

CROATIA3 reports

GERMANY1 report

FRANCE3 reports

MACEDONIA1 report

0

2

4

6

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

REPORTS INCLUDED SEXUAL

HARASSMENT

32





REPORTS INCLUDED TROLLING AND CYBERBULLING

150Trolling/CyberbullyingMedia professionals harassed online

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

BOSNIA21 reports

UK9 reports

ITALY16 reports

GERMANY8 reports

CROATIA17 reports

FRANCE8 reports

SERBIA14 reports

SPAIN8 reports

TURKEY10 reports

MACEDONIA6 reports

0

5

10

15

20

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME





DDos/Hacking

Targeting news outlets or journalists online

CATEGORY

TOP COUNTRIES

BOSNIA10 reports

MACEDONIA3 reports

SERBIA6 reports

BELGIUM2 reports

FRANCE7 reports

TURKEY3 reports

ITALY4 reports

HUNGARY2 reports

GERMANY3 reports

UK2 reports

0

2

4

6

8

10

Q2 2014*

Q3 2014

Q4 2014

Q1 2015

Q2 2015

Q3 2015

Q4 2015

Q1 2016

Q2 2016

Q3 2016

Q4 2016

Q1 2017

Q2 2017

Q3 2017

Q4 2017

Q1 2018

Q2 2018

Q3 2018*

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

REPORTS INCLUDED DDOS AND HACKING

44





COUNTRY BY COUNTRY2014-2018

The information contained in this document is drawn from the incidents reported to Mapping Media Freedom

between 1 May 2014 and 31 July 2018 covering 35 European Union

member states, candidates and potential candidates for entry

Please note: Histograms in the following categories include Q2 2014 and Q3 2018 as partial quarters. Q2 2014 includes 1 May-30 June 2014; Q3 2018 includes 1-31 July 2018.

Additional information can be browsed on mappingmediafreedom.org by clicking on the country names.




AustriaAlbania

Reports submitted to Mapping MediaFreedom between 1 May 2014 and 31 July 2018


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRYCOUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIESKEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIMEINCIDENTS OVER TIME

DEATHS0 reports

DEATHS0 reports

PHYSICAL ASSAULTS1 report

PHYSICAL ASSAULTS10 reports

ARRESTS & DETENTIONS0 reports

ARRESTS & DETENTIONS1 report

LEGAL MEASURES3 reports


INTIMIDATION5 reports


CRIMINAL CHARGES0 reports


BLOCKED ACCESS6 reports


20REPORTS

31REPORTS





https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/austria/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/albania/

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Belgium






DEATHS0 reports

DEATHS0 reports






LEGAL MEASURES1 report



CRIMINAL CHARGES1 report




118REPORTS

28REPORTS





https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/bosnia-and-herzegovina/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/belgium/

CroatiaBulgaria






DEATHS0 reports

DEATHS0 reports













132REPORTS

42REPORTS





https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/croatia/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/bulgaria/

Czech RepublicCyprus






DEATHS0 reports

DEATHS0 reports













11REPORTS

17REPORTS





https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/czech-republic/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/cyprus/

EstoniaDenmark






DEATHS0 reports

DEATHS2 reports








INTIMIDATION1 report





10REPORTS

8REPORTS





https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/estonia/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/denmark/

FranceFinland






DEATHS1 report

DEATHS0 reports













212REPORTS

8REPORTS





https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/france/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/finland/

GreeceGermany






DEATHS0 reports

DEATHS0 reports













75REPORTS

126REPORTS





https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/greece/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/germany/

IrelandHungary






DEATHS0 reports

DEATHS0 reports













10REPORTS

218REPORTS





https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/ireland/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/hungary/

KosovoItaly






DEATHS0 reports

DEATHS0 reports













38REPORTS

364REPORTS





https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/kosovo/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/italy/

LithuaniaLatvia






DEATHS0 reports

DEATHS0 reports













28REPORTS

22REPORTS





https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/lithuania/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/latvia/

Macedonia


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

DEATHS0 reports







112REPORTS

Luxembourg


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

DEATHS0 reports







4REPORTS





https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/fyrom-macedonia/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/luxembourg/

CountryNameReports submitted to Mapping MediaFreedom between 1 May 2014 and 31 July 2018

COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

DEATHS1 report







46REPORTS

23REPORTS


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

DEATHS1 report







Malta


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

Montenegro


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME








MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG69MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG69MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/malta/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/montenegro/

CountryNameCountryNameReports submitted to Mapping MediaFreedom between 1 May 2014 and 31 July 2018





DEATHS1 report

DEATHS1 report













145REPORTS

66REPORTS

Netherlands


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

Poland


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME









https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/netherlands/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/poland/






DEATHS0 reports

DEATHS0 reports













123REPORTS

18REPORTS

Portugal


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

Romania


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME









https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/portugal/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/romania/






DEATHS1 report

DEATHS1 report













14REPORTS

153REPORTS

Serbia


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

Slovakia


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME









https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/serbia/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/slovakia/https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/slovakia/






DEATHS1 report

DEATHS0 reports













182REPORTS

14REPORTS

Slovenia


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

Spain


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME









https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/slovenia/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/spain/






DEATHS11 reports

DEATHS0 reports













651REPORTS

30REPORTS

Sweden


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

Turkey


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME









https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/sweden/

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/turkey/


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

DEATHS0 reports







88REPORTS

United Kingdom


COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY

KEY CATEGORIES

INCIDENTS OVER TIME

MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG80MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG80MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG




MAPPINGMEDIAFREEDOM.ORG

https://mappingmediafreedom.org/index.php/country-profiles/united-kingdom/

Documents

Mapping Media Freedom - Index on Censorship...Syrian journalists Orouba Barakat and her daughter Halla Barakat were murdered by a distant relative in September ... Journalist Gülşen