NAME: Geography 1

Map-Reading Lab Geography 1

You will use the Soquel and Mount Whitney USGS Quads for this activity. 1. What are the exact titles of the two maps? & . 2. What is the name of the type of projection used to create each map? (should be indicated on lower left corner of the map) Soquel: & Mt. Whitney: . 3. Which organizations produced these maps (who made them)? Soquel: & Mt. Whitney: . 4. Which types of scale are shown on these maps? (There are two types shown on each map) Soquel: 1) & 2) . Mt. Whitney:1) & 2) . 5. What is the relationship between the real Earth and the distances shown on the maps? HINT: Use the fractional scale. Soquel: unit on the map = units on the Earth. Mt. Whitney: unit on the map = units on the Earth. 6. Use a ruler to determine how many inches there are to one mile on each of these quads. Soquel: inches = 1 mile; Mt. Whitney: inches = 1 mile 7. Name three types of “North” shown on each of these USGS Quads. a) , b) , c) . 8. How else can you determine orientation on these maps (directions of N, S, E, W)? (in other words, if the north arrow was torn off the map, how could you tell which way is N, S, E, W?)

NAME: Geography 1

9. Since the USGS does not print N, S, E, or W next to the latitude and longitude numbers on the corners of the map, how can you tell which number is longitude and which is latitude? 10. Start in the northwest (N-W) corner of each map and give the coordinates (latitude & longitude) of each corner. Soquel Quad: N-W Corner: . N-E Corner: . S-E Corner: . S-W Corner: . Mount Whitney Quad: N-W Corner: . N-E Corner: . S-E Corner: . S-W Corner: . 11. How much distance of the Earth do these maps show in minutes of latitude and longitude on each side? (You can count the minutes between corners; it is also printed on the maps). Soquel: Latitude: minutes. Longitude: minutes. Mt. Whitney: Latitude: minutes. Longitude: minutes 12. What are the names of the USGS Quads bordering each map? Soquel Quad: N-W Quad: . N Quad: . N-E Quad: . E Quad: . S-E Quad: . S Quad: (why none?).

NAME: Geography 1

S-W Quad: (why none?). W Quad: . 13. Mount Whitney Quad: N-W Quad: . N Quad: . N-E Quad: . E Quad: . S-E Quad: . S Quad: . S-W Quad: . W Quad: . 14. Name the contour interval and units (feet, meters?) used on each map. Soquel Quad: ; Mt. Whitney Quad . 14b. How many feet in 1 meter? 14c. What is the contour interval of the Mount Whitney map in feet? 15. What name is given to the darker brown contour lines on a topographic map? 16. What is the interval of the index contour on each map. Soquel Quad: ; Mount Whitney Quad . 17. Study the spacing of the contour lines in different areas of each quad. Describe and sketch the relationship between the slope and the contour line spacing on the map. (Hint: if contours are closely spaced then slope is . If contours are widely spaced then slope is .)

NAME: Geography 1

18. Study the nature and shape of the contour lines around several creeks/streams on the Soquel Quad. Draw a sketch of what you see. What shape (or letter of the alphabet) do the contour lines make towards the center of streams? Which “rule” that Deirdre discussed is exemplified? On your sketch indicate the stream flow by marking “upstream” and “downstream”. (Mangles Gulch in the NE corner is a good example to use) 19. Study the nature and shape of contour lines around several peaks/mounts/ridges on the Mt. Whitney Quad. Draw a sketch of what you see. Describe what happens to the contour lines around peaks. Which “rule” that Deirdre discussed is exemplified? (Mount Guyot in the SW corner of the map is a good example to use) 20. What is the highest and lowest elevation of land areas only on the Soquel Quad? a) Highest: ft. Lowest: ft. b) Now calculate the topographic relief of the Soquel Quad (Land areas only). Topographic Relief = ft. 21. a) What are the units of measurement used to show water depth contours? b) What is the lowest/deepest depth contour on the map?

NAME: Geography 1

22. Now include the contours below sea level and calculate the total maximum relief of the Soquel Quad. (from highest elevation on land to deepest water depth on the ocean floor) 23. What is the name of the highest peak in the Mount Whitney quad? 23b. What is the elevation of that peak in meters? And in feet? 24. What is the lowest elevation in the Mount Whitney quad? (Hint: look near the NE corner of map) 24b. Calculate the total topographic relief of the Mount Whitney quad. Topo Relief = . 25. What is the datum or data of the Soquel quad? (should be indicated on lower left corner of the map) 25b. What is the datum or data of the Mount Whitney quad? 26. What is the purpose of a legend? 26b . Where do you look to find a complete legend showing all symbols/colors used on a USGS map? (In other words, are all symbols used on the map shown on this map or someplace else?) The following questions are based on the Soquel Quad. 27. What is the approximate elevation of the lower campus of Cabrillo? 27a. What is the approximate elevation at the top rectangular purple building (600 Building) of upper campus? 28. What is the approximate range in elevation between the lower and upper campuses of Cabriilo? (HINT: use the elevations in the previous two questions to calculate).

NAME: Geography 1

29. Find and point to the location of the Mt. Diablo Meridian. What is the Range # to the right of the meridian? R . What is the Range # to the left of the meridian? R . 30. How far would you have to walk on Soquel Drive to go from the Salesian College (now part of Cabrillo) to the place where the Mt. Diablo Principal Meridian crosses Soquel Drive? Use a ruler to measure the distance and then use the graphic scale (calibrated bars) to determine the following: Miles, Feet, Kilometers 31. Give the Tier, Range and Section # of the following places: Chaminade School: T , R , Sect . Twin Lakes State Beach: T , R , Sect . 32. Notice how there are no Section numbers in the area to the east of Rodeo Creek. a) Why not? b) Which Cadastral System is used here? c) Give an example of one of the names of these land grants? The following questions are based on the Mount Whitney Quad. 33. What is the approximate length (north to south) of Tulainyo Lake in FEET? 34. What is the approximate width (east to west) of Tulainyo Lake in FEET? 35. If you were at M. Russell, what general direction is Tulainyo Lake from you? 36. What is the elevation of Sky-Blue Lake’s water level (the water level WL is printed in black on the lake surface)?

NAME: Geography 1

37. How many meters of elevation would you ascend to go from Consultation Lake (use WL) to the top of Wotans Throne? Elevation of Consultation Lake (use WL) = . Elevation of Wotans Throne = . Total meters ascended = . 37a. How many feet is this? 38. Give the Tier, Range and Section # of the following places: a) Mirror Lake: T , R , Sect . b) Iceberg Lake: T , R , Sect . c) Wotans Throne : T , R , Sect . 39. Why are there no section numbers to the west of Mount Whitney? 40. If you hiked southeast from Mount Chamberlain to Mount Pickering, would you be walking uphill? downhill? Or a combination? Describe the slope from start to finish. 40a. Do you finish at a high, lower or similar elevation? 41. Using the complete USGS legend/Map Symbols Key provided or the copy in your textbook, find the symbols for glaciers and permanent snow fields. Approximately how many glaciers can you find? (some are quite small). 42. Do the glaciers seem to be located mainly on a particular facing slope with respect to direction such as NE or SW? If so why do you think this pattern exists?