Maori ideology and identity comes from the natural environment – participants not owners

How can you buy or sell the sky, the warmth of the land. If you do not own the freshness of air and the sparkle of water how can you buy them - Chief Seattle (January 1855)

Ngauruhoe – marks the stand of Ngatoro i Rangi

Titi – Puffinis griseus

Titi – Pacific migration routes

Ancient invertebrate fauna

Isolated vertebrate fauna

Scallop (Pectin novaezelandiae) from sub-tidal sandy shore c.25 Ka Bp

Terraced sequences, Rimutaka Range, Wellington.

Wave cut platforms from last (70-150 K) and penultimate (250-300 K) interglacial periods

The record of recent climate changes

El Nino/La Nina – the southern oscillation

Shifts in SO index

NIWA climate predictions- for regional Bay of Plenty

We know of the approaching storm – its part of our daily lives

The river and its wetland – flooding is a natural event

Despite protective engineering for a 1:100 yr flood recurrent storm cycles have given a recent reminder of the once extensive Rangitaiki River wetland

The rolling of boulders – flooding at Matata April 2004 and May 2005

Flooding brings instant change to wetland

Matata wetland May 2005 and June 2005

Channel systems and point discharge of stormwater has no regard for water velocity changes or its effect on the transport and re-deposition of suspension loads

The onus for floodwater removal ignores most other resources – like valuable soils

Ngati Pukeko Marae, Whakatane

A mark of cultural identity, the focal point of community

Karearea- screams on a wet day – it’s fine the next day

Pukeko - run to higher ground before the flood

Ruru – shrill cries of more than one, rain follows

Pohutukawa - early flowering signals a long hot summer

Ti Kouka – profuse flowering indicates a long hot summer

Matariki- signals the new year

Kakahoroa reserve – site of paru a fine carbonaceous mud

Kokopu –freshwater food resource

Tuna-a food source and the

guardian of freshwater

and wetlands

Traditional root crops – survivors of Pacific introductions

Kumara – Ipomea bata Taro – Colocasia esculenta

A whakapapa for Kumara and Taro - it signifies cultural ownership of a resource

What expectations do we hold for our mokopunaShantelle & Waimirirangi