DTMaster Manual

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Reference Manual

DTMaster 1.1

DTMaster Manual

INPHO GmbH

All rights to this publication are reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language, in any form or by any means, without prior written permission from INPHO GmbH. The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement. The software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement. It is against the law to copy this software on magnetic tape, disk, or any other medium for any purpose other than the licensee’s personal use. Copyright 2005 INPHO GmbH All rights reserved. DTMaster Manual for Version 1.1 and higher INPHO GmbH reserves the right to make changes to this document and the software described herein at any time and without notice. INPHO GmbH make no warranty, express or implied, other than those contained in the terms and conditions of sale, and in no case is INPHO GmbH liable for more than the license fee or purchase price of this product. Sample data used in this manual provided courtesy of Kucera International. The sample imagery is of Ohio, U.S.A. Units are in US feet. DTMasterReference-1.1.0-20

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Contents 1. DTMASTER GENERAL REMARKS......................................................................... 8

1.1. PROVISION OF INPUT DATA ........................................................................................ 8

2. OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................... 9 2.1. GENERAL SOFTWARE HANDLING ............................................................................. 10

2.1.1. (Un-)Docking ....................................................................................................... 10 2.2. VECTOR DATA DISPLAY ........................................................................................... 11

2.2.1. Active Display ...................................................................................................... 11 2.2.1.1. Display Points................................................................................................ 12 2.2.1.2. Display Lines................................................................................................. 12 2.2.1.3. Display Contours ........................................................................................... 12 2.2.1.4. Height-Coloring............................................................................................. 12 2.2.1.5. Project related height-coloring ...................................................................... 12 2.2.1.6. Current View related height-coloring............................................................ 12 2.2.1.7. Anti-alising .................................................................................................... 12

2.3. OVERVIEW................................................................................................................ 13 2.4. MAIN VIEW .............................................................................................................. 14

2.4.1. Vector Data Display............................................................................................. 14 2.5. ORTHO VIEW ............................................................................................................ 14

2.5.1. Vector Data Display............................................................................................. 14 2.6. STEREO VIEW ........................................................................................................... 15

2.6.1. Vector Data Display............................................................................................. 15 2.7. PROFILE VIEW .......................................................................................................... 15

2.7.1. Profile Area Selection .......................................................................................... 15 2.7.2. ZScaling................................................................................................................ 16 2.7.3. Navigation ............................................................................................................ 16 2.7.4. Rotation ................................................................................................................ 16 2.7.5. Vector Data Display............................................................................................. 18

2.8. PERSPECTIVE VIEW................................................................................................... 18 2.8.1. Perspective Area Selection................................................................................... 18 2.8.2. Rotation ................................................................................................................ 18 2.8.3. Vector Data Display............................................................................................. 19

2.9. PROJECT MANAGER.................................................................................................. 21 2.9.1. Images Tab ........................................................................................................... 21

2.9.1.1. Images Spread Sheet...................................................................................... 21 2.9.1.1.1. ImageID ................................................................................................... 21 2.9.1.1.2. Image Display .......................................................................................... 21 2.9.1.1.3. Orientation ............................................................................................... 22 2.9.1.1.4. Overview.................................................................................................. 22 2.9.1.1.5. Online....................................................................................................... 22

2.9.1.2. Edit Image...................................................................................................... 22 2.9.1.3. Remove.......................................................................................................... 22 2.9.1.4. Create Overviews... ....................................................................................... 22 2.9.1.5. Columns......................................................................................................... 23

2.9.2. Point Lists Tab ..................................................................................................... 23 2.9.2.1. Point List Spread Sheet.................................................................................. 23

2.9.2.1.1. Point Lists ID ........................................................................................... 23 2.9.2.1.2. Point Lists Layer ID................................................................................. 23

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2.9.2.1.3. Point Lists Type ....................................................................................... 23 2.9.2.1.4. Point Lists Strategy .................................................................................. 23 2.9.2.1.5. Point Lists Measured................................................................................ 23 2.9.2.1.6. Point Lists Status...................................................................................... 24

2.9.2.2. Create Point List ............................................................................................ 24 2.9.2.3. Add Point List................................................................................................ 26 2.9.2.4. Edit Point List ................................................................................................ 26 2.9.2.5. Remove Point List ......................................................................................... 26 2.9.2.6. Measurement Controls…............................................................................... 27

2.9.3. Layers Tab............................................................................................................ 27 2.9.3.1. Layers Spread Sheet ...................................................................................... 28

2.9.3.1.1. Layer ID ................................................................................................... 28 2.9.3.1.2. Interpolate ................................................................................................ 28 2.9.3.1.3. Lock ......................................................................................................... 28 2.9.3.1.4. Layer Display........................................................................................... 28 2.9.3.1.5. Type ......................................................................................................... 28 2.9.3.1.6. Colour ...................................................................................................... 28

2.9.3.2. New File ........................................................................................................ 29 2.9.3.3. Add Layer ...................................................................................................... 29 2.9.3.4. Edit…............................................................................................................. 29 2.9.3.5. Remove.......................................................................................................... 29 2.9.3.6. Columns......................................................................................................... 29

2.10. APPLICATION LOG .................................................................................................... 29

3. FILE............................................................................................................................... 30 3.1. NEW PROJECT…....................................................................................................... 30 3.2. OPEN PROJECT…...................................................................................................... 30 3.3. SAVE PROJECT.......................................................................................................... 30 3.4. SAVE PROJECT AS… ................................................................................................. 31 3.5. IMPORT ..................................................................................................................... 31

3.5.1. Ortho Images… .................................................................................................... 31 3.5.2. Ortho Images by Directory…............................................................................... 31 3.5.3. Vector Data…....................................................................................................... 32

3.5.3.1. XYZ ............................................................................................................... 32 3.5.3.2. LAS................................................................................................................ 32 3.5.3.3. MTA .............................................................................................................. 33 3.5.3.4. DXF ............................................................................................................... 33 3.5.3.5. WNP .............................................................................................................. 34 3.5.3.6. RAS ............................................................................................................... 34 3.5.3.7. DTM .............................................................................................................. 34

3.6. QUICK IMPORT.......................................................................................................... 35 3.7. IMPORT WIZARD....................................................................................................... 35

3.7.1. Select Import Format Window ............................................................................. 35 3.7.2. Select Import Files Window ................................................................................. 36 3.7.3. Layer Name Mapping Window............................................................................. 36 3.7.4. Assign Type Codes to Layers Window ................................................................. 37 3.7.5. Summary Window................................................................................................. 38

3.8. EXPORT .................................................................................................................... 38 3.8.1. Vector Data…....................................................................................................... 39

3.9. EXPORT WIZARD ...................................................................................................... 39 3.9.1. Select Export Mode .............................................................................................. 39

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3.9.2. Separated Export.................................................................................................. 40 3.9.2.1. Select Files..................................................................................................... 40 3.9.2.2. Layer Name Mapping.................................................................................... 41 3.9.2.3. Summary Window......................................................................................... 41 3.9.2.4. Status ............................................................................................................. 42

3.9.3. Combined Export.................................................................................................. 43 3.9.3.1. Select Files..................................................................................................... 43 3.9.3.2. Layer Name Mapping.................................................................................... 44 3.9.3.3. Summary Window......................................................................................... 45 3.9.3.4. Status ............................................................................................................. 46

3.10. LAYER TEMPLATE EDITOR… ................................................................................... 46

4. EDIT .............................................................................................................................. 49 4.1. UNDO ....................................................................................................................... 49 4.2. REDO ........................................................................................................................ 49 4.3. SELECTING DATA...................................................................................................... 49

4.3.1. Rectangular Point Selection................................................................................. 49 4.3.2. Fence Point Selection........................................................................................... 49 4.3.3. Inpolygon Selection .............................................................................................. 50 4.3.4. Rectangular Line Selection .................................................................................. 50 4.3.5. Rectangular Line Segment Selection.................................................................... 51 4.3.6. Clear Selection ..................................................................................................... 51 4.3.7. Delete Selection.................................................................................................... 51

4.4. MEASUREMENT ........................................................................................................ 51 4.4.1. Measure........................................................... Fehler! Textmarke nicht definiert. 4.4.2. Move Point ........................................................................................................... 52 4.4.3. Close Polygon ...................................................................................................... 52 4.4.4. Move Selection ..................................................................................................... 52 4.4.5. Set Height ............................................................................................................. 53

4.5. INTERPOLATE POINTS ............................................................................................... 53 4.6. CLASSIFY SELECTION ............................................................................................... 54 4.7. LIST SELECTION........................................................................................................ 55 4.8. REINTERPOLATE SELECTED POINTS.......................................................................... 56 4.9. REMOVE DOUBLE POINTS......................................................................................... 56 4.10. SNAP......................................................................................................................... 56 4.11. PREFERENCES ........................................................................................................... 56

4.11.1. Workspace......................................................................................................... 57 4.11.2. Workspace / Toolbars ....................................................................................... 58 4.11.3. Workspace / Actions.......................................................................................... 58 4.11.4. Workspace / Shortcuts....................................................................................... 59 4.11.5. Workspace / Statusbar ...................................................................................... 59 4.11.6. Project............................................................................................................... 60

4.11.6.1. Units ............................................................................................................. 60 4.11.7. Import & Export................................................................................................ 61 4.11.8. 3D Mouse Buttons............................................................................................. 61 4.11.9. Input Device ...................................................................................................... 62 4.11.10. Layers ............................................................................................................ 63 4.11.11. Views.............................................................................................................. 65

5. VIEW............................................................................................................................. 67 5.1. NAVIGATION............................................................................................................. 67

5.1.1. Pan ....................................................................................................................... 67

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5.1.2. Rotate ................................................................................................................... 67 5.1.3. ZHeight................................................................................................................. 67 5.1.4. Real Zoom ............................................................................................................ 67 5.1.5. Drag Zoom ........................................................................................................... 68 5.1.6. Zoom..................................................................................................................... 69

5.1.6.1. Zoom In ......................................................................................................... 69 5.1.6.2. Zoom Out....................................................................................................... 69 5.1.6.3. Fit View ......................................................................................................... 69

5.2. NEW ......................................................................................................................... 69 5.2.1. Stereo Viewer ....................................................................................................... 70 5.2.2. Ortho Viewer ........................................................................................................ 70 5.2.3. Aerial Viewer........................................................................................................ 70

5.3. VIEWS....................................................................................................................... 70 5.3.1. Profile................................................................................................................... 70 5.3.2. Perspective ........................................................................................................... 70 5.3.3. Best-fit Stereo ....................................................................................................... 71

5.4. LOCKING OPTIONS.................................................................................................... 71 5.4.1. Pan Lock............................................................................................................... 71 5.4.2. Zoom Lock ............................................................................................................ 71

5.5. STEREO OPTIONS ...................................................................................................... 71 5.5.1. Stereo Mode.......................................................................................................... 72 5.5.2. Pseudo Mode ........................................................................................................ 72 5.5.3. Display Left Image ............................................................................................... 72 5.5.4. Display Right Image............................................................................................. 72

5.6. MOVE TO….............................................................................................................. 72 5.6.1. Move To Window.................................................................................................. 72 5.6.2. Move to Coordinates ............................................................................................ 72 5.6.3. Move to Ground Control Point ............................................................................ 73

6. TOOLS .......................................................................................................................... 74 6.1. CONNECT TO IMMERSION INTERFACE BOX® ............................................................ 74

7. WINDOW ..................................................................................................................... 75 7.1. TOOLBARS ................................................................................................................ 75 7.2. DOCK WINDOWS ...................................................................................................... 75

8. HELP............................................................................................................................. 76 8.1. MANUAL…............................................................................................................... 76 8.2. TUTORIAL…............................................................................................................. 76 8.3. ABOUT DTMASTER….............................................................................................. 76

9. APPENDIX ................................................................................................................... 77 9.1. VECTOR DATA TYPES............................................................................................... 77

9.1.1. DTMaster point type codes .................................................................................. 77 9.1.2. DTMaster line type codes..................................................................................... 77

9.2. DATA FORMAT CONFLICTS....................................................................................... 78 9.3. LAYER NAMING CONVENTION.................................................................................. 78 9.4. VIEW OF POINTS AND LINES ..................................................................................... 80 9.5. ABBREVIATIONS/DICTIONARY.................................................................................. 81 9.6. MOVING TILTED PLANES.......................................................................................... 83 9.7. REFERENCES............................................................................................................. 85

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10. END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT...................................................................... 86

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1. DTMaster General Remarks The purpose of this manual is to give detailed information about entries or parameters of "DTMaster", information of how to check and edit terrain data and how to do measurements. An introduction into the basic functions of "DTMaster" is given in the "Tutorial".

1.1. Provision of Input Data Various input data can be provided for the project. As there are: 2D/3D vector data

BXYZ BWNP XYZ WNP LAS SHP Match-T XYZ DXF Match-T RAS SCOP DTM

Additionally: INPHO project with orientation for aerial imagery and/or Orthophotos

GeoTIFF TiffWorld

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2. Overview DTMaster is a graphical editing and measurement tool for LIDAR / DTM data. The user can measure and edit data in different views and is allowed to store vector data in a layer based structure. The Chapter Overview describes the handling, the vector display and the navigation principle.

Figure 1: DTMaster Main Window

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2.1. General Software Handling DTMaster changes according to the selected function the display of the cursor. Functions that cannot be used in the current view, will have the cursor display deny . Data selection or editing is continuously available over all views.

2.1.1. (Un-)Docking

Aerial-, Ortho-, Stereo-, Profile-, and Perspective Views can be docked and undocked at the top-left of the corresponding window. UNDOCKING 1. Select View for undocking 2. Press Undock-Icon 3. The user can resize the undocked view to its demand.

Figure 2: Undocking Views DOCKING 1. Select view for docking 2. Press Dock-Icon 3. The view will be added to the Tab-Dialog.

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Figure 3: Docking Views

2.2. Vector Data Display Every view can have its own Active Display. The colour and thickness/width of points and lines can be set in the Preference dialog “Layers”. Default width is “1”. The colour table for height coloured data is relative to the min/max distance

and highest viewable point in the current viewing window. max

from the lowest

min

2.2.1. Active Display The bulb shows the current status of the selection for points, lines, contours and height-coloring.

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Displays can be activated or deactivated through push buttons in the icon list. For height-coloring, the user can choose between project related height-

e anti-alised display of simplified or selected points or coloring or local window related height-coloring. If the user enabled thcontours in the preferences, a push-button can activate the display in the current view.

Figure 4: Active Display Icon Group

2.2.1.1.isible will be displayed in the

urrent view.

rrent

rs

t view.

2.2.1.5. Project related height-coloring the project are used for the height-coloring.

2.2.1.6. Current View related height-coloring

2.2.1.7. Anti-alising

Display Points Simplified or anti-alised points, which are vc

2.2.1.2. Display Lines Simplified or anti-alised lines, which are visible will be displayed in the cuview.

2.2.1.3. Display ContouContours with the selected interval are overlayed to the vector data in the curren

2.2.1.4. Height-Coloring Filled polygons are overlayed to the vector data in the current view.

Min/max values from

Min/max values from the current view are used for the height-coloring.

Activates for enabled point or line styles the anti-alised display.

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2.3. Overview

Figure 5: Highlighted Overview window The overview will be loaded at the beginning by default. The overview shows only footprints of loaded raster imagery and represents the loaded vector data with sparse contour lines, for faster visualisation. The overview shows the current position of the main view with a bounding box. Aerial and ortho photo imagery is displayed with footprints. The overview allows to pan the main view with the left-mouse-button pressed, or to re-position it with clicking the left-mouse-button into the view. The overview allows the user to always see the complete project area and all its loaded data.

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2.4. Main View

Figure 6: Highlighted Main View

The main view shows loaded raster and vector data in 2D. The main view will be loaded by default at the beginning and offers the user to start all

follow-up functions or to open additional views from its interface. To maintain a permanent working view for the user the main view cannot be undocked or closed.

2.4.1. Vector Data Display The data can be displayed with the available Active Display.

2.5. Ortho View To open an Ortho View, please read chapter New View…. The Ortho View shows loaded ortho imagery and vector data in 2D. The ortho view can be undocked and closed. It is possible to load multiple ortho views, to work on different areas of interest without navigation. The ortho view allows a pan lock, which moves the ortho view with the current view position of other views. The ortho view allows the user to collect 2D data. The user is able to edit and view the data in mono. Ortho View offers the user to load and view many ortho photos at the same time.

2.5.1. Vector Data Display The data can be displayed with the available Active Display.

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2.6. Stereo View To open Stereo View, please read chapter New View…. The stereo view shows loaded aerial imagery and vector data in stereo mode. The stereo view can be undocked and closed. It is possible to load multiple stereo views. The undocked Stereo View contains a subset of the menu bar, which is synchronized with the menu bar of all other views. The stereo view allows a pan lock, which moves the stereo view whenever the position in an other view changes. As an option, the Stereo View automatically switches to an other pair of images if the current view position is outside or close enough to the border of the current image pair (see Preferences). Height changes can be done with the Navigation function ZHeight or with the wheel of the Immersion® SoftMouse. The Stereo View allows the user to collect precise 3D data for further applications, e.g. MATCH-T. The user is able to edit and view the data in stereo. Data can be reviewed in 3D to check data with absolute x-y-z position.

2.6.1. Vector Data Display The data can be displayed with the available Active Display.

2.7. Profile View The Profile View needs an area selection. Only the point data of the selected area is shown in the Profile View. The Profile View can be undocked and closed. The Profile View allows the user to separate easily ground points from off ground points, with a minimum of measurement steps. The function is designed for LIDAR editing and classification, but can be used for any other DTM data.

2.7.1. Profile Area Selection The area selection is done by measuring in total three points of a rectangular data cube in the Main View, Ortho View or Stereo View. The first two points define the baseline of a cube. The third point defines the length of the cube. The height is determined through min/max values of the selected point data (Figure 7:). Profile areas can be measured either in 2D or 3D.

Figure 7: Profile Area Selection

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2.7.2. ZScaling

A dropdown box allows the user to see the selected data either in a metric way, or in an automatically stretched display.

2.7.3. Navigation

The user can move the selected area patch-wise with the arrow keys, if an area has been selected. The current selection area is displayed in the main view. The measurement of the baseline represents always the mathematical x-axis. According to the shape of the cube, the y-axis is set automatically. Stepping right, means moving in direction of the mathematical x-axis.

Figure 8: Example showing baseline measured at bottom side

Figure 9: Example showing baseline measured at right side

2.7.4. Rotation The user can rotate the data cube with pressed right-mouse-button and moving the mouse in the desired direction (Figure 11:).

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Selecting Rotation from the menu bar allows the user to execute the function with the left-mouse-button. The data cube can be rotated around the mathematical x-z-axis, fix to an automatically determined origin.

Figure 10: Profile Selection

Figure 11: Profile Rotation

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2.7.5. Vector Data Display The Profile View always uses the Active Display “Simplified Points” for display.

2.8. Perspective View The Perspective View needs an area selection. Data of the selected area is shown in the Perspective View. The Perspective View can be undocked and closed. The Perspective View allows the user to display the data in a large variety of styles, for gross error detection. Shading or contouring of data helps to find these errors easily.

2.8.1. Perspective Area Selection The area selection is done by dragging a rectangular box over the area of interest (see Figure 12:) in one of the Main View, Ortho View or Stereo Views. The box is perpendicular to the view. Perspective areas can be measured either in 2D or 3D.

Figure 12: Perspective View Area Selection

2.8.2. Rotation The user can rotate the data cube with pressed right-mouse-button and moving the mouse in the desired direction. Selecting rotate allows the user to execute the function with the left-mouse-button.

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2.8.3. Vector Data Display

Figure 13: Perspective View with Points Height-Colored

Figure 14: Perspective View with Contours and Points

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Figure 15: Perspective View with Height-Colored Contours

Figure 16: Perspective View with Height Colored Points The data can be displayed with the available Active Display (see Figure 1.2.-8,9,10,11).

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2.9. Project Manager

Figure 17: Highlighted Project Manager The project manager displays the imported raster and vector data in the current project. Two tabs allow the user to display image related and layer related information. The project manager allows the user to edit, or modify the project data in a graphical way. Aerial images cannot be removed from the DTMaster Project Manager.

2.9.1. Images Tab The Images Tab displays the imported image files in a spread sheet form.

2.9.1.1. Images Spread Sheet

2.9.1.1.1. ImageID The ImageID column lists all existing images among each other. Images are categorized into Aerial and Ortho. Aerial and Ortho Imagery is displayed in a tree view. To access all images, it can be expanded (Diagram 1.2.9-2).

Figure 18: Tree Expansion

2.9.1.1.2. Image Display Display can have the status:

Image On Image Off

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Image and Footprint Off Images with the status Display On, are displayed in the views. Images with the status Display Off, are only displayed with their footprint.

2.9.1.1.3. Orientation Orientation can have the status:

Checked Crossed

Images with the status crossed, are missing orientation values or camera information.

2.9.1.1.4. Overview Overview displays the number of pyramid levels existing for the imagery. Overviews can be created with Create Overviews…. For further information please read chapter Create Overviews….

2.9.1.1.5. Online Online can have the status:

Online Offline

Online checks if the imagery is found at the given directory path.

2.9.1.2. Edit Image Edit Image allows the user to change the current visual properties of the aerial images and orthophotos. The visual properties can be found at Image Display.

2.9.1.3. Remove Remove allows the user to remove ortho images and vector data from the project. Aerial images cannot be removed from the DTMaster Project Manager. The user can remove Aerial images in the Match-B module, using Edit Project….

2.9.1.4. Create Overviews... When activated, different resolution levels are derived for the digital images. Starting with the original pixel size, it is increased by a factor of two at each new resolution level. Thus, the disk space needed is 1/3 times larger than without image pyramid.

Figure 19: Example of image pyramids starting from pixel size 20 µm Image pyramids (overviews) are necessary to have best performance in DTMaster.

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DTMaster needs a minimum of four pyramid levels for every image.

2.9.1.5. Columns Not supported in the current version.

2.9.2. Point Lists Tab The Point Lists Tab displays all manual defined remeasure areas for point clouds and their status. The point clouds can newly be generated or selected from existing points in the DTMaster project.

2.9.2.1. Point List Spread Sheet

2.9.2.1.1. Point Lists ID

The Point List ID column lists all created point lists.

2.9.2.1.2. Point Lists Layer ID

The Point Lists Layer ID column displays the location of the remeasured point cloud. If the user added points from different layers for remeasuring, the Layer ID column will display five stars “*****”.

2.9.2.1.3. Point Lists Type

The Point Lists Type column displays two different types of point clouds:

New generated Point List (see Create Point List) Point List from existing points (see Add Point List)

2.9.2.1.4. Point Lists Strategy

The Point Lists Strategy column displays two different strategies:

Remeasure always towards heading Remeasure alternating

2.9.2.1.5. Point Lists Measured

Point Lists Measured column displays how many points from the complete point cloud have been remeasured.

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2.9.2.1.6. Point Lists Status

The Point Lists Status column displays two status:

Point List measurement not started or finished Point List measurement finished

2.9.2.2. Create Point List Pressing Create… opens the Create Point List Dialog Window, where the user enters settings for the new Point List, which

does not exist in the current DTMaster project. The default position of the sample data uses the average terrain height of the project, for pre-positing. After measuring the first point, DTMaster will set the height according to the last measurement.

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Figure 20: Create Point List Dialog Window POINT LIST NAME:

Enter the name of the Point List. The name will be displayed in the Point List ID column.

FILE NAME: Select from an existing file.

LAYER NAME: Select from an existing layer.

DTM AREA: DTMaster offers to add DTM areas from existing polygon lines in the current project. The user can add several polygons for one DTM area. To add a DTM area, following steps have to be done: 1. Use Rectangular Line Selection from the menu bar to select

one or several polygon lines 2. Press Add… in the Create Point List Dialog Window 3. Enter DTM area name, if default name not acceptable

EXCLUSION AREA: DTMaster offers to use exclusion areas from existing polygon lines in the current project. The user can select several polygons for one DTM area. Only exclusion areas that overlay partly or are complete inside of selected polygon lines in the DTM area selection, will be considered. To add exclusion areas, following steps have to be done: 4. Use Rectangular Line Selection from the menu bar to select

one or several polygon lines 5. Press Add… in the Create Point List Dialog Window 6. Enter exclusion area name, if default name not acceptable

GRID INTERVAL: Grid interval sets the default distance from one sample point to another. The interval can be different in x- and y-position. The distance is depending to the current project units.

GRID ORIENTATION: The grid measuring strategy heads towards the grid orientation setting. Default value is north (0°). The units are depending to the current project settings.

DIGITIZE STRATEGY: The digitize strategy defines towards which heading the user will measure its grid points. To measure permanent towards the set heading, the user can select . To measure alternating, taking loops at the end of the measurement lines, the user can select .

OK will generate the new point list, which does not exist in the current DTMaster project. To start measuring the point list, please refer to

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Measurement Controls. To leave the window without executing, use the Cancel button.

2.9.2.3. Add Point List Pressing Add… opens the Add Point List Dialog Window, wthe user picks already existing points from the current project

remeasure.

here to

Figure 21: Add Point List Dialog Window POINT LIST NAME:

Enter the name of the Point List. The name will be displayed in the Point List ID column.

POINT CLOUD: Add selected points from the current project. The user can add points from different layers to the point cloud. To add points, following steps have to be done: 1. Use Rectangular Selection or Fence Selection from the

menu bar to select one or several points 2. Press Add… in the Create Point List Dialog Window

OK will generate the point list. To start remeasuring the point list, please refer to Measurement Controls. To leave the window without executing, use the Cancel button.

2.9.2.4. Edit Point List Edit… opens either the Create Point List Dialog Window or the Add Point List Dialog Window, depending which list has been selected in the table. The user can only rename or remove DTM Areas in Create Point List Dialog or change the selection from the point list in Add Point List Dialog Window, but cannot change other settings.

2.9.2.5. Remove Point List Remove… deletes an existing point list. It is not possible to undo this step.

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2.9.2.6. Measurement Controls… Measurement Controls… allow the user to navigate within a selected point list. START:

Starts measurement in the selected point list, from the table. The z-height for the pre-positing is taken from the project average terrain height, or from the previous measurement.

STOP: Stops the point list measurement, allowing the user to continue work with further functions from DTMaster.

RESTART: Jumps to first point of the point list, and allows to restart measurements from all points from the point list.

BACK: Moves back to last measurement in the point list for direct remeasuring. Back can be executed several times.

FORWARD: Moves forward to next measurement in the point list leaving the current point unmeasured. Forward can be executed several times.

SKIP ALL: All remaining measurements from the current point list get status unmeasured. The measured points are saved in the point list.

JUMP TO: Jump To allows the user to jump to any measurement position of the point list and to start measurements their. RESET: Reset deletes all manual made measurements and restarts measurement from the beginning.

LOCK POSITION: Lock Position keeps the measurement cursor at the pre-positioned location. The user can only set the correct z-height for the position.

KEEP X,Y: Keep x,y allows the user to move the cursor to a new x,y-position to measure the correct height for the pre-positioned location. To position the point freely, the user has to undock Lock Position and Keep X,Y.

2.9.3. Layers Tab The Layers Tab displays the imported DTM files and their related layers in a spread sheet form.

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2.9.3.1. Layers Spread Sheet

2.9.3.1.1. Layer ID

The Layer ID column lists all existing files below each other. Files have the icon . Files can have multiple layers, which have the icon . Every file is displayed in a tree view, which can be expanded.

2.9.3.1.2. Interpolate Interpolate can have the status

On Off

Only files and layers with the status “Interpolate On”, will be used for the online contour line and coloured grid generation.

2.9.3.1.3. Lock Lock can have the status

On Off

Files and layers with the status “Lock On”, can not be selected or edited.

2.9.3.1.4. Layer Display Display can have the status:

On Off

Files and layers with the status “Display On”, are displayed in the views.

2.9.3.1.5. Type Type can have the status from all existing Type Codes. Layers with a specific Type Code can only maintain points or lines. Please be aware, that exporting data to specific formats (e.g. Winput) will use the information of the Type. For further information please read chapter Data Format Conflicts.

2.9.3.1.6. Colour

Figure 22: Colour Palette Colour can have any value from the existing colour palette.

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Points and lines from the active Layers are displayed according to the selected colour.

2.9.3.2. New File New File adds a new file to the project. The user has to enter the file name and can change the default visual properties.

2.9.3.3. Add Layer Selecting an existing file allows the user to add layers to it. The user has to enter the layer name and can change the default visual properties.

2.9.3.4. Edit… Edit… allows the user to change the current visual properties of files or layers.

2.9.3.5. Remove Remove allows the user to remove files or layers from the project. The content of the files and layers will be removed, too.

2.9.3.6. Columns Not supported in the current version.

2.10. Application Log The application log shows the output of executed actions and allows the user to cut and paste information from it. To hide the status log view, the user can uncheck it at Window►Dock Windows►Application Log.

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3. File FILE

comprises all functions primarily used to generate, select, and save a project file. The project file stores all project relevant data and parameter settings.

IMPORT allows the user to add orthophotos and vector data to the project.

EXPORT offers options to write parts of or all vector data into different vector data formats.

LAYER TEMPLATE EDITOR… creates templates for data formats, which will be loaded consistently with the same layer distribution for the data. For further information please read chapter Layer Template Editor….

3.1. New Project… New Project… resets the DTMaster project file. All entries will be set blank. If the current project contains unsaved data, DTMaster asks if the changes should be saved before closing the project and creating the new one.

3.2. Open Project… Open Project… allows the user to open an existing project file. If the current project contains unsaved data, DTMaster asks if the changes should be saved before closing the project and opening the new one. Open project allows the user to continue an earlier session. You can only open INPHO project files generated with MATCH 3.x or higher, or projects generated with DTMaster. File paths cannot be changed within DTMaster. Please verify the correct file paths, to include all information within the INPHO project. Steps to work through Select Open Project…. A file selection box opens. Within this dialogue you can select an existing project file. The default extension of project files is PRJ. The selected file will be loaded into DTMaster.

3.3. Save Project Save Project overwrites the existing project file (<name>.prj) with the current status of the project. This includes added/removed orthophotos. In addition, information about the files and layers in the project are saved to an XML file (<name>.xml). Save Project will store the current work to a binary file, which allows the user to continue the work from the last change (<name>.bgd).

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PROJECT └ <Name>.prj └ <Name>.xml └ <Name>.bgd

3.4. Save Project as… Save Project as… saves the current project under a new project name. The saved project includes added/removed orthophotos, added/removed vector data files, changed viewing options, and windows positions. The user will continue with the new saved project. Save Project as… allows the user to save the current project under a freely definable project name. Steps to work through Select Save Project as….A file selection box opens. Within this dialogue you can enter a new project file. The default extension of project files is PRJ.

3.5. Import Import allows to import orthophotos and vector data individually or from directories. They are added to the project and can be saved to the project file, for later use. Vector data is stored to a separate binary file and changes will not affect the original data. Ortho photos are directly used, and the file paths are added to the project. It is allowed to generate/delete image pyramids from the orthophotos, which can cause conflicts with other software using the same imagery. Import allows the user to add additional data which is not included in a general INPHO project. The user can combine all necessary data into one project.

3.5.1. Ortho Images… Ortho Images… allows the user to import orthophotos to the current project file. It adds the file paths to the project file. All successfully loaded orthophotos are shown in the Project Manager. Further explanations can be found in the chapter Project Manager. Supported formats are:

• GeoTIFF

• TiffWorld Steps to work through Select Import ►Ortho Images…. A file selection box opens, where the user is allowed to select one or multiple image files for import. Choose the orthophotos, which are added to the project. To import TiffWorld files, it is mandatory to select the TFW metadata file.

3.5.2. Ortho Images by Directory… Ortho Images by Directory… allows the user to import ortho photos from a directory into the current project file. It adds the file paths to the project file.

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All successfully imported orthophotos are shown in the Project Manager. Further explanations can be found in the chapter Project Manager. Supported formats are:

• GeoTIFF

• TiffWorld Steps to work through Select Import ►Ortho Images by Directory…. A file path selection box opens, where the user is allowed to select a subdirectory from within the network. Choose the file path destination, which adds all orthophotos to the project.

3.5.3. Vector Data… Vector Data… allows the user to import vector data to the current project file. It stores the vector data into a separate binary DTMaster file, and adds the file paths of the original data to a XML-file in order to allow saving the results into the same file structure. All successfully loaded vector data is shown in the Project Manager. Further explanations can be found in the chapter Project Manager. Storing the data into the binary DTMaster file allows the user to work over the complete data set, without switching constantly between the different files. The storage into the binary DTMaster file allows a high performance. Millions of vector data split into separate files can be handled within one program. DTMaster allows to add/delete layers to the imported data files. To add/delete layers to a file type can create conflicts later, when finally exporting data for usage in follow up processes. For further explanations please read the chapter Data Format Conflicts. Steps to work through Select Import ►Vector data…. A file selection box opens, where the user is allowed to select a vector data format. Choose the vector data format, and press Next > to proceed. Follow the instructions of the Import Wizard. For further explanations please read the chapter Import Wizard. Supported formats are (upcoming formats are greyed in the listing):

3.5.3.1. BXYZ Binary file formats as used in SCOP and TOPDM.

3.5.3.2. BWNP Binary file formats as used in SCOP and TOPDM.

3.5.3.3. XYZ X-Y-Z Format ASCII data containing pure coordinates in the given order X, Y, Z without any additional information. The coordinates can be separated through blanks (“ “), commas (“,”), and tabs (“→”).

3.5.3.4. LAS ASPRS LIDAR Data Exchange Format Standard (Version 1.0 – May 9, 2003)

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Binary format, which contains additional information to every point (intensity, return number, number of returns(this pulse), scan direction, edge of flight line, classification, scan angle, file marker).

3.5.3.5. MTA Match-T ASCII Format Model-based result files, which contain coding for every single raster point for accuracy, redundancy and position. Output format : X Y Z flag1 flag2 flag3 flag4 flag5 flag6 flag7 flag8 A flag is set if its value is 1 and a flag is not set if its value is 0. Flag Code composition 1 Point is ok

(This dummy flag is always set to 0) 2 Point is out of stereo coverage

(If the flag is set the point is not visible in both images of the model.)

3 Point is out of border (If the flag is set the point is outside a borderline. Either a borderline is predefined in the morphological data file or the DEM area is used to automatically define a borderline.)

4 Point is excluded area (If the flag is set the point is inside a predefined exclusion area in the morphological data file.)

5 Point is of inferior accuracy (If the flag is set it is signalising accuracy worse than a specified threshold corresponding to the result of the "Match-T analysis".)

6 Point is within low redundancy (If the flag is set it is signalising redundancy worse than a specified threshold corresponding to the result of the "DEM analysis".)

7 Point is close to breakline (If the flag is set the point is close to a pre-measured breakline from the morphological data file. The check distance corresponds to the grid width and depends also on the terrain type.)

8 Point is not interpolated (If the flag is set the point is determined with the robust finite element adjustment and not with a bilinear interpolation. The flag is always set to 1 if the DEM is generated with a fix grid width.)

3.5.3.6. DXF AutoDesk – Drawing Interchange Format ASCII Format, which allows to store data in a layer structure. Only the entities POINT, LINE und POLYLINE are used; spline interpolation is ignored. TEXT will be read-in simplified. From BLOCKs only the reference position with height can be read-in.

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3.5.3.7. WNP Inpho GmbH – SWINPUT ASCII Format, which contains one point per record. The sequence is Structure number, x-, y-, z- coordinate, separated by at least one blank. The first structure number defines the length of the structure numbers for the whole file. The first two digits of the structure number are used as code, the rest as line number. The code corresponds to the WINPUT code, with the exception of the storno codes. Headers are recommended, but are not necessary. DTMaster will use the first entry string for defining the column width of the input data. WINPUT Codes 10 Profile 20 Contour 30 Mass point 31 Spot height 40 Formline 41 Closed formline 50 Breakline 51 Closed Breakline 52 Breakline / borderline, right omitted 53 Closed breakline / borderline, right omitted54 Breakline / borderline, left omitted 55 Closed breakline / borderline, left omitted 60 Borderline, right omitted 61 Closed borderline, right omitted 62 Borderline, right omitted, no height 63 Closed borderline, right omitted, no height 64 Borderline, left omitted 65 Closed borderline, left omitted 66 Borderline, left omitted, no height 67 Closed borderline, left omitted, no height 70 Singular point 80 Line of situation

3.5.3.8. RAS Inpho GmbH – MatchT Binary Format Raster output of MatchT. Rasterfile points may only be changed in height to maintain the grid structure.

3.5.3.9. DTM SCOP Model Format – Binary Format The SCOP Model Format applies a hybrid representation of the surface, consisting of a grid representing continuous areas, intermeshed with vector-type data such as break lines or form lines to facilitate the representation of sudden changes in continuity (break lines, highs and lows), or more gradual changes in it (form lines). Border lines, break lines and form lines are stored with their original points and their intersection points with grid lines. Spot heights, off-terrain points and control points are stored with their original coordinates.

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3.6. Quick Import Quick Import helps to import one or more vector data files with included layers to DTMaster. Quick Import uses the last setting from the Import Wizard to load the appropriate vector data format. Using Quick Import for the first time for a vector data format, the Import Wizard will be loaded automatically to define the import settings. Further explanations can be found in the Chapter Import Wizard. Steps to work through Select from the file selection box one or multiple files with the same format and confirm the import with OK.

3.7. Import Wizard The Import Wizard helps to import one or more vector data files with included layers to DTMaster. Easy and consistent allocation of layers and files to appropriate DTMaster vector data types is supported. Further explanations can be found in the Chapter Vector Data Types. DTMaster uses a unique naming convention for the layer structure. For further explanations please read the Chapter Layer Naming Convention. The allocation into the DTMaster layer structure allows the user to work on separate files at the same time, without loosing its original file affiliation.

3.7.1. Select Import Format Window

Figure 23: Import Wizard - Select Import Format The user can select from a variety of vector formats, to import the data into DTMaster. Press Next > to continue.

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3.7.2. Select Import Files Window

Figure 24: Import Wizard - Select Import Files Press Add… to select one or several files from a file selection box. The user can only select files of the selected file type (e.g. DXF, XYZ, …). The selected files are shown in the Select Import Files window. To prevent loading data twice, it is possible to switch the box “Ignore files already loaded to project” on. DTMaster will check if identical file names with identical file paths have been loaded, and will ignore them. Press Next > to continue.

3.7.3. Layer Name Mapping Window

Figure 25: Import Wizard - Layer name mapping

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The window suggests internal layer names, using its own layer name convention. For further explanations please read the Chapter Layer Naming Convention. The user can change the internal layer names. Manual changes can be done through highlighting a layer and clicking it again. For exporting the final results DTMaster will use by default the external layer names, to keep the data naming consistent. For automation of internal layer name changes, a template can be used. The template can be created with File ►Layer Template Editor. For further explanations please read the chapter Layer Template Editor. An existing template can be selected from the drop-down menu. The template file is greyed, if the file does not contain layers. Press Next > to continue.

3.7.4. Assign Type Codes to Layers Window

Figure 26: Import Wizard - Assign type codes to layers Please assign your layers (LayerID) to the corresponding type. Further explanations for type codes can be read in the chapter Vector Data Types. The user can highlight one or several LayerIDs, and highlight in the same time a type on the right side of the window (e.g. contour). Then assign the LayerIDs by pressing the “>”-Button. The assignment can also be made by Drag&Drop. If not all layers shall be used, the user has to check the “Ignore unassigned import layers” box after finishing the allocation, and press Next > to continue.

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3.7.5. Select Import Units

Figure 27: Import Wizard - Summary For importing vector data to the current project, the user has to choose the units. For individual scaling please select user from the drop-down menu at XY or Z units.

3.7.6. Summary Window

Figure 28: Import Wizard - Summary To review the import settings, an overview shows the files, formats, LayerIDs, and allocated Types. It is possible to step back with the < Back Button. Press Finish to close the wizard and to import the data into DTMaster.

3.8. Export Export allows to export all data from the project. For export, DTMaster will use the stored internal layer names, and writes the data into separate or combined files.

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3.8.1. Vector Data… Vector Data… allows the user to export vector data into separate files or to combine all data into one file. DTMaster uses the file paths and naming convention of the original data for exporting data into separate files, guaranteeing the user to save the results into the same file structure as they have been imported. Conflicts can occur during export, if the user added/deleted layers to the imported data files. For further explanations please read the chapter Data Format Conflicts. Steps to work through Select Export ►Vector data…. Choose export data into separate files or into one combined file, and press Next > to proceed. Follow the instructions of the Export Wizard. For further explanations please read the Chapter Export Wizard.

3.9. Export Wizard The Export Wizard exports one or more vector data files with included layers into new files. Easy and consistent allocation of layers and files to appropriate vector data types is guaranteed with templates and fix naming conventions. For further explanations please read the Chapter Layer Naming Convention.

3.9.1. Select Export Mode

Figure 29: Export Wizard - Type of export The user can select between separated or combined export. The combined mode will write all files in one single file, whereas the separated mode will write each file defined in DTMaster into individual files. Press Next > to continue.

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3.9.2. Separated Export

3.9.2.1. Select Files

Figure 30: Export Wizard - File selection A table containing all files for export are listed. Check boxes in the first column allow to select one or several files for export. The column Loss helps graphically to see if certain attributes of the data from the file gets lost through export due to limitations of the selected export data format.

: Warning Data Loss : No Data Loss

The column Format offers a dropdown box to select the export format.

To prevent data loss the user can change the export format of the files to more flexible ones. The column File Path, allows the user to define the file destination with a file selection box, or entering the file path manually. Select …. A file selection box opens. Within this dialogue you can enter a new file name. Confirm by pressing the Return key. The default extension of the file is taken from the column Format. Check the box “Proceed in case of loss warning”, if data loss is accepted and wanted. Check the box “Overwrite existing files”, if existing files with identical name are allowed to be overwritten. Please be aware that all data of the original files gets lost. Press Next > to continue.

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3.9.2.2. Layer Name Mapping

Figure 31: Export Wizard - Layer name mapping The window offers external layer names, using stored layer names from the import. For further explanations please read the chapter Layer Naming Convention. The user can change the external layer names. Manual changes can be done through highlighting a layer and clicking it again, to make it editable. The entered name will be used in DTMaster for export (e.g. “none” in this example). For automation of external layer name changes, templates can be defined and used. The template can be created at File►Layer Template Editor. For further explanations please read the chapter Layer Template Editor. An existing template can be selected from the drop-down menu. The template file is greyed, if the file does not contain layers. Press Next > to continue.

3.9.2.3. Select Export Units

Figure 32: Export Wizard – Select Export Units For exporting vector data, the user has to choose the units. For individual scaling please select user from the drop-down menu at XY or Z units.

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3.9.2.4. Summary Window

Figure 33: Export Wizard - Summary window To review the export settings, an overview shows the files, layer names, formats, and files paths. Press Next > to continue the wizard and to export the data into the separate files.

3.9.2.5. Status

Figure 34: Export Wizard - Status of export The status report shows the user, if the export was successful. A complete process bar and Status confirm it. Press Finish to close the export wizard.

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3.9.3. Combined Export

3.9.3.1. Select Files

Figure 35: Export Wizard - File selection

A dropdown box offers the user to select the export format. To prevent data loss the user can change the export format of the files to more flexible ones.

A file box, allows the user to enter manually the file path and name, or the user can select […] and use a file selection box for the destination path and file name. Hit Return to confirm the selection. A table containing all files for export is displayed. Check boxes in the first column allow to select one or several files for export. The column Loss helps graphically to see if certain attributes of the data from the file gets lost through export due to limitations of the selected export data format.

: Warning Data Loss : No Data Loss

The column File Path, allows the user to define the file destination with a file selection box, or entering the file path manually. Select …. A file selection box opens. Within this dialogue you can enter a new file name. The default extension of the file is taken from the column Format. Check the box “Proceed in spite of loss warning”, if data loss is accepted and wanted. Check the box “Overwrite existing files”, if existing files with identical name convention are allowed to be overwritten. Please be aware that all data of the original files gets lost.

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Press Next > to continue.

3.9.3.2. Layer Name Mapping

Figure 36: Export Wizard - Layer name mapping The window offers external layer names, using stored layer names from the import. For further explanations please read the chapter Layer Naming Convention. The user can change the external layer names. Manual changes can be done through highlighting a layer and clicking it again, to make it editable. The entered name will be used in DTMaster for export. It is not possible to add one layer content to an existing one. Please use unique layer names, when writing to the same file.

Figure 37: Bad layer mapping

Figure 38: Good layer

mapping

For automation of external layer name changes, templates can be defined and used. The template can be created at File ►Layer Template Editor. For further explanations please read the chapter Layer Template Editor. An existing template can be selected from the drop-down menu. The template file is greyed, if the file does not contain layers. Press Next > to continue.

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3.9.3.3. Select Export Units

Figure 39: Export Wizard – Select Export Units For exporting vector data, the user has to choose the units. For individual scaling please select user from the drop-down menu at XY or Z units.

3.9.3.4. Summary Window

Figure 40: Export Wizard - Summary window To review the export settings, an overview shows the files, layer names, formats, and files paths. If the user detects wrong settings, it is possible to step back with the < Back Button. Press Next > to continue the wizard and to export the data into the files.

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3.9.3.5. Status

Figure 41: Export Wizard - Status Window The status report shows the user if the export was successful. Press Finish to close the export wizard.

3.10. Layer Template Editor… The Layer Template Editor allows the user to generate manually a mask for importing data coming from different file formats with a different layer structure. Layer naming, colour definition, line style and vector data type can be defined in a graphical way. To start Layer Template Editor go to File ►Layer Template Editor.

Figure 42: Layer Template Editor Window Select New Template. The user can enter the naming of the template into the TemplateID field. To generate a new template select Add Layer….

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Figure 43: Add Template Layer Window The Add Template Layer Window appears, where the user enters settings for one single layer. EXTERNAL:

Enter the name of the layer already existing in the incoming file. INTERNAL:

Enter the name for internal use in DTMaster. TYPE:

Select the vector data type, for further information read chapter Vector Data Types.

COLOR: Select the color setting for the layer.

After pressing OK the new layer is added to the list in the Layer Template Editor. The user can always go back to the layer settings, using the button Edit Layer…. Layer structured files contain multiple layers, which makes it necessary to repeat the entry settings for further layers. Every layer will be displayed in the Layer Template Editor Window.

Figure 44: Layer Template Editor with defined template Finally, confirm the entered Layer Template with Apply or OK to save it.

The Layer Template can be selected during the Import Wizard, from a dropdown box.

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Importing files with an identical layer structure, can be simplified with the Layer Template. The Layer Template is stored in the gveLayerTemplates.xml file.

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4. Edit Edit contains selection, measurements, and move functions. Furthermore it includes functions for the input device.

4.1. Undo Undo allows the user to recover a former status of the project. Undo can be performed several times and is limited through the virtual memory. To use Undo the user has to select it from the menu bar, or has to define a shortcut in the Preferences. Undo can recover changes from the vector data (points and lines) and property changes from the Project Manager. Undo cannot recover changes from:

• Navigation

• View

• Select

• Import

• Save/Load Project

4.2. Redo Rebuilds the status of the project, after Undo has been executed.

4.3. Selecting data 4.3.1. Rectangular Point Selection

Rectangular Select effects only point data. All points inside from the rectangular selection are affected. For line selection refer to Rectangular Line Selection. Rectangular Select can be used in all views. To use Rectangular Select the user has to select it from the function in the menu bar, or has to define a shortcut in the Preferences. The selection is made through dragging a box over the desired section. Figure 66: shows how to make the selection.

4.3.2. Fence Point Selection Fence Select effects only point data. All points inside the polygonal fence selection are affected. For line selection refer to Rectangular Line Selection. Fence Select can be used in all views. To use Fence Select the user has to select it from the menu bar, or to define a shortcut in the Preferences. The selection is made through measuring a polygon with clicking left-mouse-button for the vertices around the desired section. To finish the measurement the user can click right-mouse-button in the current view and select “End” or double click left-mouse-button.

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Using the right mouse button while Fence Point Selection is active opens a context menu offering these options: DELETE LAST

Delete the last point digitized from the polygonal fence. CANCEL

Cancel the current selection. END

End the current selection.

4.3.3. Inpolygon Selection Inpolygon Selection effects only point data. All points within a closed line are chosen. Open lines will use an imaginary closing segment from start point to end point for the point selection. This imaginary line will not be drawn or stored to the file or project (see Figure 45:). To use Inpolygon Selection the user has to select it from the menu bar. Through selecting a polygon or open line points inside are selected immediately. Selecting other polygons or lines will add the points to the actual selection.

Figure 45: Inpolygon Selection – open line selection

4.3.4. Rectangular Line Selection Rectangular Line Select effects only line data. All lines inside or touched from the rectangular selection are affected. For point selection refer to Rectangular Selection. Rectangular Line Select can be used in all views. To use Rectangular Line Select the user has to select it from the menu bar, or has to define a shortcut in the Preferences. The selection is made through dragging a box over the desired section. Figure 66: shows how to make the selection.

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4.3.5. Rectangular Line Segment Selection Rectangular Line Segment Select effects only parts of line data. All line segments inside or touched from the rectangular selection are affected. For point selection refer to Rectangular Selection. Rectangular Line Segment Select can be used in all views. To use Rectangular Line Segment Select the user has to select it from the menu bar, or has to define a shortcut in the Preferences. The selection is made through dragging a box over the desired section. Figure 66: shows how to make the selection.

4.3.6. Clear Selection Clear Select unmarks the selection without deleting it.

4.3.7. Delete Selection Delete Selection deletes all selected elements. The user can Undo the deletion.

4.4. Measurement 4.4.1. Create Point/Line

Create Point/Line will check the current layer type and enables the user to measure either a new point or a new polyline. It is not possible to measure both points and lines on the same layer. For further information refer to chapter Vector Data Types. Create Point/Line can be used in Aerial Views, Ortho Views and Stereo Views. To use Create Point/Line the user has to select it from the menu bar, or has to define a shortcut in the Preferences. The measurement is done by clicking left-mouse-button for the vertices. To finish the measurement the user can hold the right mouse button in the current view and select End from the menu that opens, or double click the left mouse button to create an open polyline. Using the right mouse button while measurement of a polyline is active opens a context menu. Note that there is no context menu when measuring points. The menu offers these options:

DELETE LAST

Deletes the last point digitized. This option is available as soon as more than one point is digitized.

CANCEL Restarts the measurement without saving the current measured polyline to the file.

END

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End the current measurement without closing the polyline. END & CLOSE

Creates a closed polyline, connecting the first and last point of the polyline.

The height of the new position is depending on the view and the existing vector data in the local area. Using a stereo view, the user can set the height manually with the ZHeight. Using a 2Dview DTMaster will interpolate the new height according to the existing local vector data around it.

4.4.2. Move Point Move Point can move either a point, or a vertex from a polyline. It is possible to add a new vertex to the selected line segment of a polyline. Move Point can be used in all views. To use Move Point the user has to select it from the menu bar, or has to define a shortcut in the Preferences. Move Point uses an automatic snapping, which highlights the current element. According to the current snap the user can either move a vertex or add a new vertex with the left mouse button pressed at the selection and dragging the point to a new position. Snapping a vertex allows the user to reposition it. Snapping a line segment, allows to add a new vertex. The height of the new position is depending from the view and the existing vector data in the local area. Using a stereo view, the user can set the height manually with the Zheight. Using a 2Dview DTMaster will use the given height from the original location.

4.4.3. Close Polygon Close Polygon allows the user to close an already measured open polyline, or to close the current measured polyline. Close Polygon can be used in all views. To use Close Polygon the user has to select it from the menu bar, or to define a shortcut in the Preferences. To close an existing polyline, approach the polyline with the cursor until it is highlighted and press left mouse button. To close a currently measured polyline, select Close Polygon from the menu bar or hit the appropriate shortcut and the polyline will be closed.

4.4.4. Move Selection in XY Move Selection allows the user to move the current selection in planimetric direction. Move Selection in XY can be used in all views. To use Move Selection in XY the user has to select it from the menu bar, or has to define a shortcut in the Preferences. The current selection can be moved in X-Y with keeping the left mouse button pressed at any position of the view and dragging it to a new position.

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4.4.5. Move Selection in Z Move Selection in Z allows the user to move the current selection only in height. Move Selection in Z can be used in all views. To use Move Selection in Z the user has to select it from the menu bar, or has to define a shortcut in the Preferences. The current selection can be moved in Z with keeping the left mouse button pressed at any position of the view and dragging it to a new position.

4.4.6. Set Height Set Height allows the user to set the height of the current selection. Set height can be used in Stereo View, Ortho View and Main View. To use Set Height the user has to select it from the menu bar, or has to define a shortcut in the Preferences. In Stereo view the current selection will be set to the current height of the cursor with clicking the left mouse button. To change the height refer to chapter Zheight. In Main View or Ortho View the current selection will be set to the current interpolated height of the cursor with clicking the left mouse button. If Snap is activated, the user can snap to a close point or vertex, which will set the height to its height. To change the height refer to chapter Zheight. Using the right mouse button while Set Height is active opens a context menu offering these options:

ENTER HEIGHT…

Opens a dialog window where the desired height can be keyed in.

4.5. Interpolate Gap Interpolate Points allows the user to fill in points into a measured polygon. To use Interpolate Points the user has to select it from the menu bar, or has to define a shortcut in the Preferences. Interpolate Points treats Raster Point layers different. Only deleted Raster Points are newly interpolated and at fix raster grid positions inserted (see Figure 46:).

Figure 46: Interpolate Raster Points The area contains existing raster points and two empty gaps [highlighted in yellow]. The interpolation area is highlighted with the blue polygon. The

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interpolation function interpolates only the missing raster points with new heights, not the remaining raster points within the blue polygon. Steps to work through Select a current layer for the filled in interpolated points. Depending for the point type of the current layer, two different methods will be applied. General Point method (e.g. Masspoints) Select function Interpolate Points and start digitising a polygon. Ending the measurement will open a window, where the user can set the grid spacing for the newly interpolated points.

Confirming the grid spacing will insert north directed raster points with equally spaced points inside the previous measured polygon. Raster Point method Select function Interpolate Points and start digitising a polygon. Ending the measurement will automatically interpolate missing raster points within the polygon.

4.6. Classify Selection Classify Selection allows the user to move selected vector data into the currently selected layer. Classify selection can be used in all views. To use Classify Selection the user has to select it from the menu bar, or has to define a shortcut in the Preferences. To move the current selection to the active layer, select Classify Selection from the menu bar or hit the appropriate shortcut and the vector data will be moved. Steps to work through Start by choosing the area containing the data to classify, e.g. by opening a Profile View as described in section 2.7.1 Profile Area Selection.

Figure 47: Profile View before classification Next, select the points (or points and lines, when classifying in other views) to be classified using the selection tools.

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Figure 48: Profile View showing selection to be classified Finally, press the Classify button. All selected objects are moved to the active file and layer.

Figure 49: Profile View showing result of classification Option: If the user forgot to create a file and layer, where the data will be moved to, it is possible to change to the Project Manager and to create files and Layers, without losing the current selection.

4.7. List Selection List Selection allows the user to display the coordinates and appropriate layer names from the current selection in the Log View. List Selection can be used in all views. To use List Selection the user has to select it from the menu bar, or has to define a shortcut in the Preferences. To display the current selection to the Log View, select List Selection from the menu bar or hit the appropriate shortcut and the vector data information will be displayed in the Log View. Option: It is possible to Cut & Paste the information display from the Log View.

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4.8. Reinterpolate Selected Points Reinterpolate Selected Points allows the user to calculate for existing points a new height, according to its neighbourhood. Reinterpolate Selected Points can be used in all views. To use Reinterpolate Selected Points the user has to select it from the menu bar, or has to define a shortcut in the Preferences. Reinterpolate Selected Points uses Moving Tilted Planes for interpolating new heights for the points. Steps to work through Start by selecting points, where new heights are needed to be interpolated. Select Reinterpolate Selected Points, for interpolating new heights. The xy-position from the heights are not changed.

4.9. Remove Double Points Hint: Remove Double Points is mainly used for vector data coming from MicroStation, where Points are stored as lines with identical start and end point. Remove Double Points allows the user to delete identical points. Remove Double Points can be used in all views. To use Remove Double Points the user has to select it from the menu bar, or has to define a shortcut in the Preferences. Remove Double Points does not need any selection or interactive work. Select Remove Double Points from the menu bar or hit the appropriate shortcut and identical points will be deleted.

4.10. Snap Snap allows the user to measure exactly from or to points in the data set. Points and vertices are highlighted, if the snap distance is reached. The snap distance is user-definable in the Preferences. To snap only polygon vertices but to avoid snapping to single points, hold the CTRL key during measurement. Active snap is mandatory for this purpose. Active snap will change the coordinate position from the cursor in the 2D view, according the snapped point or vertex.

4.11. Preferences The Preferences dialog is the central point to modify various preference settings.

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Figure 50: Preference Dialog

The tree structure shows the available preference pages. To access the desired page, left-mouse-button click in the branch and the window on the left will change automatically to the desired page. The individual pages are described in the following subsections.

4.11.1. Workspace

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Figure 51: Preferences - Workspace ENABLE AUTOSAVE

The current project is saved automatically at fixed intervals. INTERVAL

The interval used to automatically save the current project. The controls are active only if autosave is enabled.

WHEN DTMASTER STARTS Configures what DTMaster should do on startup.

4.11.2. Workspace / Toolbars

Figure 52: Preferences - Workspace / Toolbars Toolbars that are checked are displayed at the edge of the views. It is possible to create own toolbars and fill them with actions (see next section). These individual toolbars can be removed again. Predefined toolbars can not be removed.

4.11.3. Workspace / Actions

Figure 53: Preferences - Workspace / Actions The list shows all possible actions of the currently selected category. The entries can be dragged from the list to toolbars of the main window to place a button invoking the action on this toolbar. Actions can be removed from

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toolbars by dragging a button from the toolbar to an empty space on the screen.

4.11.4. Workspace / Shortcuts

Figure 54: Preferences - Workspace / Shortcuts For every action in the different categories a shortcut can be defined. Shortcuts are a special key combination that invokes a specific command. Typically, shortcut keys combine the Ctrl or Alt keys with some other keys. In Windows environments, for example, Ctrl +C is used as the shortcut key to copy. On PCs, the function keys are also often used as shortcut keys. Some shortcut keys are already defined. However, you are allowed to define your own shortcut keys for frequently used commands. To set a shortcut select the desired category and make a left-mouse-button click on the desired action. The action will be highlighted, e.g. “SaveProject”. Press a key or key combination for the shortcut to assign it to the selected action. The shortcut is displayed in the bottom left corner of the Preference Window. To save the shortcut choose Apply or OK.

4.11.5. Workspace / Statusbar

Figure 55: Preferences - Statusbar DISPLAY FLOATING POINT PRECISION

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Defines how accurate the position of the cursor is displayed. The user can set the accuracy for height and planimetry separately.

DISPLAY COORDINATES SEQUENCE Allows the user to define the order of x- and y-axes as abscissa and ordinate of the coordinate system.

4.11.6. Project

Figure 56: Preferences - Project XML FILES FOLDER

Allow to specify a directory where XML files are searched. DEFAULT BASE FOLDER

The default directory used as base for relative file paths in the project file.

PROJECT CAMERA FILE A reference to the file containing camera definitions.

4.11.6.1. Units

Figure 57: Preferences - Units OBJECT UNIT

Specifies the unit to use for newly created projects. The unit has to be set before creating the project.

ANGULAR UNIT Specifies the unit to use for newly created projects. The unit has to be set before creating the project.

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4.11.7. Import & Export

Figure 58: Preferences - Import & Export ASSIGN AND LOAD UNKNOWN EXTERNAL LAYERS AUTOMATICALLY

Unknown external layers are assigned automatically. IGNORE UNKNOWN EXTERNAL LAYERS FROM IMPORT

Any unknown external layer is ignored by Quick Load.

4.11.8. 3D Mouse Buttons

Figure 59: Preferences - 3D Mouse buttons

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This page shows the current assignment of the various buttons and button combinations of the Immersion SoftMouse. DTMaster supports a user-defined button assignment for different operators.

4.11.9. Cursors

Figure 60: Preferences – Cursors The user can select from a fix set of cursors and define the colour from a table.

4.11.10. Input Device

Figure 61: Preferences – Input Device SPEED

Slider regulates the sensibility of the input device for either XY- or Z-direction.

ACCELERATION Additionally to the speed setting, the user can apply a non-linear acceleration to the movements in XY- or Z-direction.

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4.11.11. Layers

Figure 62: Preferences - Layers LAYER TEMPLATE FILE

The user can set up in the Layers Preferences a default path, where LayerTemplates can be selected from. The following options change the appearance of the contour lines.

SIMPLIFIED ITEMS POINT SIZE The base size for points displayed simplified. Simplified points are not anti-aliased and show as quads rather than circles.

SIMPLIFIED ITEMS LINE WIDTH The base width for lines. Not all graphics boards support values other than 1.

SIMPLIFIED ITEMS SUPPORT ANTIALISING The user can switch on/off “Antialiased” for simplified items. Antialiasing is a software technique for diminishing jaggies - stair step-like lines that should be smooth. Jaggies occur because the output device, the monitor, doesn't have a high enough resolution to represent a smooth line. Antialiasing is sometimes called oversampling. Hint: Antialiasing makes the simplified points look nicer, but needs more computer power. It is helpful for stereo viewing.

CONTOUR LINES COLOR

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The display color for contour lines shown for Point Styles Iso Lines and Iso Lines and Points.

CONTOUR LINES LINE WIDTH The line width for contour lines. Not all graphics boards support values other than 1.

CONTOUR LINES INTERVAL By default DTMaster uses an automatic contour interval, depending on the displayed vector data content in the view. For a constant contour interval display, enter the desired value.

CONTOUR LINES SUPPORT ANTIALIASING The user can switch on/off “Antialiased” for contour lines. Antialiasing is a software technique for diminishing jaggies - stair step-like lines that should be smooth. Jaggies occur because the output device, the monitor, doesn't have a high enough resolution to represent a smooth line. Antialiasing is sometimes called oversampling. Hint: Antialiasing makes the contour lines look nicer, but needs more computer power. It is helpful for stereo viewing.

SELECTED ITEMS COLOR The color used for selected items. Note that an item temporary loses its color while it is selected.

SELECTED ITEMS POINT SIZE The size of selected points. This value adds to the points base size, so if a simplified point with an base size of 2 gets selected and the Selected Items Point size is 3, the point is displayed using a size of 5.

SELECTED ITEMS LINE WIDTH The width of selected lines. Similar to points, this adds to the base width of the line. Not all graphics boards support values other than 1.

SELECTED ITEMS SUPPORT ANTIALIASING The user can switch on/off “Antialiased” for selected items. Antialiasing is a software technique for diminishing jaggies - stair step-like lines that should be smooth. Jaggies occur because the output device, the monitor, doesn't have a high enough resolution to represent a smooth line. Antialiasing is sometimes called oversampling. Hint: Antialiasing makes the selected items look nicer, but needs more computer power. It is helpful for stereo viewing.

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4.11.12. Snap

Figure 63: Preferences - Snap The user can define a search tolerance for snapping. Snapping is defined in pixels, and is scale independent. Currently DTMaster snaps only X,Y,Z.

4.11.13. Views

Figure 64: Preferences - Views This page offers options that change the behaviour of all or certain views. For images displayed within DTMaster, border and exclusion area pixels can be masked, allowing to “see through” the images in these areas. This comes in useful when displaying rotated or true orthos. IMAGE VIEW ENABLE BACKGROUND CHECKING

Enables the masking of border or exclusion area pixels. IMAGE VIEW MINIMUM NON-BACKGROUND VALUE

Minimum pixel value considered to be valid data. If border or exclusion areas are encoded to pure black, this value should be set to 1. Otherwise 0 should be used.

IMAGE VIEW MINIMUM NON-BACKGROUND VALUE

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Maximum pixel value considered to be valid data. If border or exclusion areas are encoded to pure white, this value should be set to 254. Otherwise 255 should be used.

Some options apply to the Main View only. These are: MAIN VIEW DISPLAY AERIAL IMAGES

Enables the display of aerial images in the main view. Normally, only the footprints of aerial images are displayed. Aerial images are displayed by “draping” them on their footprint. Thus in most cases features are displayed at the wrong position. Take care never to measure data based on aerial images.

MAIN VIEW DISPLAY CONTROL POINTS Enables the display of control point symbols in the main view.

Stereo Views can be configured to automatically switch to a different pair of images as soon as the position gets close to the edge of the current overlap area. Whenever this happens, all possible combinations of two images that overlap at the current position are built. This list of image pairs is then filtered and sorted. If the resulting list is not empty, the Stereo View changes to display the first pair of images in the list, keeping the current position. STEREO VIEW AUTOMATICALLY LOAD NEXT PAIR

Switches the automatically loading on or off. STEREO VIEW AUTO-LOAD EDGE

Whenever the auto-load feature is enabled, the boundary for the current pair is displayed in the Stereo Views. The Edge value defines how far to the boundary the view can move before an alternative pair of images is searched for.

STEREO VIEW AUTO-LOAD MAXIMUM ROTATION The value given here serves as an upper limit for the rotation between neighbouring stereo pairs. The Stereo View will not change to a pair that would require a rotation of the view of more than this limit.

3D VIEW Z FACTOR This factor is applied to all height values when displaying data in the Perspective View or the Metric Height mode of the Profile View.

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5. View

View contains functions to open new views, to change between different interaction modes, to select zoom modes, to move to any position of the project with the cursor and to adjust the raster imagery (orthophotos and aerial imagery)

5.1. Navigation 5.1.1. Pan

Pan allows the user to pan through the current view, without changing the zoom level. Pan is available in all views with CTRL+Right-mouse-button except the Perspective and Profile View. Selecting Pan from the menu bar, allows the user to perform the functionality with pressed left-mouse-button and move the cursor into the desired direction.

5.1.2. Rotate See chapter Rotation.

5.1.3. ZHeight ZHeight allows the user to change the cursor in Z in the Stereo Views. The function is not available in other views. ZHeight is available in all stereo views with pressed right-mouse-button and move the cursor up or down in the stereo view. Selecting ZHeight from the menu bar, allows the user to perform the functionality with pressed left-mouse-button and move the cursor up or down in the window. ZHeight can be defined as shortcut in the Preferences.

5.1.4. Real Zoom Real Zoom changes the magnification of the view. The change of the Zoom is continuously adjustable in “+” and “-“. Real Zoom is available in Aerial, Ortho and Stereo Views with the Wheel-Mouse. Figure 65: shows the functionality of Real Zoom with the Wheel-Mouse.

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Selecting Real Zoom from the menu bar, allows the user to perform the functionality with pressed left-mouse-button and move the cursor up or down the window.

Figure 65: Wheel-Mouse Zoom Using the right mouse button (or Shift-CTRL plus right mouse button for the Stereo View) while Real Zoom or Drag Zoom is active opens a context menu offering these options:

ZOOM TO FIT

Changes the scale of the current view so that the whole project area fits in the window. An Aerial View will scale to fit the aerial image into the window rather than the whole project area. A Stereo View will scale to fit the current model into the window rather than the whole project area.

ZOOM IN Scales the view, magnifying by a fixed factor.

ZOOM OUT Scales the view, minifying by a fixed factor.

5.1.5. Drag Zoom Drag Zoom displays a selected section from the current view. To use Drag Zoom the user has to select it from the Menu bar, or has to define a shortcut in the Preferences. The selection can be made through dragging a box over the desired section. The Figure 66: shows how to make the selection.

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Figure 66: Drag Zoom or Selection

5.1.6. Zoom

5.1.6.1. Zoom In

5.1.6.2. Zoom Out

5.1.6.3. Fit View Fit View changes the zoom automatically to display the complete project area. References for Fit View are the loaded and displayed images respectively Footprints and the imported and displayed vector data. To use Fit View the user has to select it from the menu bar, or to define a shortcut in the Preferences. Fit View is executed through clicking with the left-mouse-button into the desired view.

5.2. New

View►New offers a blank view, where the user can drag&drop imagery from the Project Manager into it. The user can open Aerial, Ortho, and Stereo Views.

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5.2.1. Stereo Viewer The Stereo Viewer appears as a tab dialog, attached to the Main View. The user can undock the Stereo View from the Main View and place it

anywhere on the screen. To use Stereo View the user needs orientation data for the aerial images given through an INPHO project file. For further information please read the Chapter Stereo View. Steps to work through Select View►New►Stereo Viewer. An empty viewing window opens. The user has to drag&drop two overlapping aerial images from the Project Manager Window into the Stereo Viewer.

5.2.2. Ortho Viewer The Ortho Viewer appears as a tab dialog, attached to the Main View. The user can undock the Ortho View from the Main View and place it

anywhere on the screen. To use Ortho View the user needs geo-referenced imagery. DTMaster supports GeoTIFF and TiffWorld. For further information please read the chapter Ortho View. Steps to work through View►New►Ortho Viewer opens an empty viewing window. The user can drag and drop one or several orthophotos from the Project Manager Window into the Ortho Viewer.

5.2.3. Aerial Viewer The Aerial Viewer appears as a tab dialog, attached to the Main View. The user can detach the Aerial View from the Main View and place it

anywhere on the screen. To use Aerial View the user needs orientation data for the aerial imagery given through an INPHO project file. Steps to work through View►New►Aerial Viewer opens an empty viewing window. The user can drag and drop one single aerial image from the Project Manager Window into the Aerial Viewer.

5.3. Views 5.3.1. Profile

See chapter Profile View.

5.3.2. Perspective See chapter Perspective View.

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5.3.3. Best-fit Stereo Best-fit stereo can be used to select from an active scene in the Main View the best-fitting Stereo View.

Figure 67: Best-fit Stereo - Stereo pair selection For further information refer to chapter Stereo View.

5.4. Locking Options

5.4.1. Pan Lock The pan lock is a per-viewer option. For a single viewer it defines if the viewer should follow position changes in other viewers. It can thus be used to have synchronized views at the same location.

5.4.2. Zoom Lock The zoom lock is also a per-viewer option. For a single viewer it defines if the viewer should follow zoom changes in other viewers. It can thus be used to synchronize the scale of multiple viewers.

5.5. Stereo Options

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5.5.1. Stereo Mode Default display of a stereo pair in orthoscopic mode.

5.5.2. Pseudo Mode If the default display of a stereo pair is in scopic mode, the user can select Pseudo Display, correcting the viewing.

5.5.3. Display Left Image The Stereo View will only display the left image of the stereo pair.

5.5.4. Display Right Image The Stereo View will only display the right image of the stereo pair.

5.6. Move To…

The user can move to an entered coordinate location in the Main View. Move To for other Views is not implemented into the current version.

5.6.1. Move To Window

Figure 68: Move To Window The window offers two types of movement: by entering explicit coordinates or by selecting a ground control point.

5.6.2. Move to Coordinates Currently only X and Y coordinate values are used. The Z coordinate will be left unchanged.

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5.6.3. Move to Ground Control Point Selecting a point ID moves the Main View to the points location.

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6. Tools 6.1. Connect To Immersion Interface Box®

The user can operate the system with the SoftMouse from Immersion, which connects to the Immersion Interface Box. The Preferences offer a set of predefined SoftMouse configurations, for measuring and editing purposes.

The SoftMouse from Immersion is a three-dimensional positioning device commonly used with photogrammetry software. The Immersion SoftMouse works in conjunction with the Interface Box.

• Three groups of controls: optical encoders, function keys, and trigger buttons

• Optical encoders allow the user to control the x, y, and z position of a cursor

• Trigger buttons allow the user to trigger data collection or similar quick events

• Function keys are used to set parameters, change modes, or perform miscellaneous functions

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7. Window 7.1. Toolbars

See chapter Toolbars.

7.2. Dock Windows Dock Windows allows the user to switch on/off the following windows and views:

• Overview

• Project Manager

• Application Log Line Up helps to reorganize the windows again.

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8. Help 8.1. Manual…

Show the PDF version of this manual.

8.2. Tutorial… Show the PDF of the Tutorial.

8.3. About DTMaster…

Figure 69: About Window About DTMaster gives the user the version number in the top.

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9. Appendix Information and answers for common questions and much more can be found here.

9.1. Vector Data Types DTMaster allows only one type of vector data on one layer. Vector data types define points and lines with typical behaviour for DTM representation. Instead of lines, the user measures breaklines or formlines, helping to display the online contour lines correct corresponding to the line behaviour. Vector data types allow automatic checking routines for checking the data set in a better way.

Example: exclusion areas can be checked for vector data contained inside the polygon.

DTMaster uses for these routines WINPUT coding, which is stored in binary files for the appropriate project.

9.1.1. DTMaster point type codes MASS POINTS

Mass Points represent the gross of point data. Most of the point data will be mass points. You can move and edit x,y,z of the points and add or delete points.

RASTER POINTS Raster Points have fixed x,y positions. It is recommended only to change the height of Raster Points, for correct data distribution in further processes.

SINGULAR POINTS Singular Points do not describe the real terrain and do not have to contain correct terrain height. They are named horizontal independent points. For SCOP purposes they will not inflict the Interpolation of DTMs. They will only be used for cartographic purposes, e.g. height representation in contour maps.

SPOT HEIGHTS Spot Heights represent special topographic features and will be treated with more strictly compared to the mass points.

9.1.2. DTMaster line type codes BORDER LINE

All data outside the border line will be ignored. BREAK LINE

Break lines represent terrain slope changes and complement the representation of the terrain surface.

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Break lines are very useful for many calculation steps, e.g. isolines, georeferenced correct representation of objects, etc…

CONTOUR Extra data type for representing contour lines.

FORM LINES Form lines help to represent difficult visible areas, or areas which do not contain clear slope changes, but smooth crossovers in the terrain.

ISO LINES For SCOP: Points from Iso Lines are used as mass points for interpolation. For display, they will be shown as Iso Lines.

PROFILE Profile lines are a series of survey lines typically perpendicular to a base line which are monitored to record heights.

SITUATION LINE Cartographic lines, which are not used for interpolation or calculation purposes, but for display.

9.2. Data Format Conflicts Data Format Conflicts can happen, when the user modifies an existing file structure. The new structure can not be stored with the given file format without data loss or uniqueness.

XYZ XYZ 152.21 433.52 80.91 154.21 456.78 84.32 Add Layer => 152.21 433.52 80.91

154.21 456.78 84.32 Export => ???

152.21 433.52 80.91154.21 456.78 84.32

The table above shows how the XYZ-file format cannot contain two layers. It is not possible to store the data without losing the layer structure. To maintain the layer structure the user can select an export format, which is able to store data with multiple layer structures. DTMaster allows to change the layer structure for the loaded file, to give the user more flexible data handling. For more information about adding, deleting and modifying layers please read chapter Project Manager.

9.3. Layer Naming Convention The following two examples show the naming convention for layers in DTMaster for the two main cases. Definitions: EXTERNAL LAYER NAME

Given layer names from a 3rd party product apart from DTMaster.

INTERNAL LAYER NAME

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Given layer name in DTMaster. This can be entered manually or determined automatically (see below).

WINPUT CODING Number codes for morphological structures, like break lines, form lines, exclusion areas, mass points, spot heights, etc….

First example: There are files without layer structure (XYZ, etc...) which do not contain an external layer name, but contain only one sort of vector data. DTMaster will handle every file separately and add a layer for internal use to it, which is extracted from its extension plus the term “Points”. Given a file named Laserdata.xyz the resulting file and layer structure is laserdata └ XYZPoints The internal layer name is generated.

Second example: There are files with a layer structure (DXF, etc...) which contain an external layer name, but which are not named like WINPUT coding. DTMaster will use the external layer naming convention for internal use, if the user does not manually changes it through the import process. Given a file named Citymapping.dxf containing two DXF layers named “roads” and “buildings” the resulting file and layer structure is citymapping └ roads └ buildings The internal layer name corresponds to the external name.

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9.4. View of Points and Lines

Figure 70: Different views of a point cloud DTMaster may display the vector data using different point styles. Height coloring, iso lines, and shading help to focus quickly and reliable to the interesting points for editing, modifying or viewing. Figure 70: shows the same geographical spot in nine different viewing settings. Every viewing setting focuses on a different part of the data. Smoothed data needs more computation performance when viewing large data sets in total, but give the viewer better quality and more comfort. Iso lines generalize large and dense point data sets, helping the user to still overview the complete data set, but they do not show the original point measurement. Depending to the users demand, it is possible to switch between the different views easily with the Point Style dropdown box.

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9.5. Abbreviations/Dictionary VERTEX

You create a polyline by specifying the vertices of each segment (see Diagram 1.9.5-1).

POLYLINE In computer graphics, a continuous line composed of one or more line segments is called polyline. You can create a polyline by specifying vertices of each segment. In drawing programs, you can treat a polyline as a single object, or divide it into its component segments.

Figure 71: Polyline with vertices

CUT & PASTE To remove an object from a document and place it in a buffer. In word processing, for example, cut means to move a section of text from a document to a temporary buffer. This is one way to delete text. However, because the text is transferred to a buffer, it is not lost forever. You can copy the buffer somewhere else in the document or in another document, which is called pasting. To move a section of text from one place to another, therefore, you need to first cut it and then paste it. This is often called cut-and- paste. Most applications have only one buffer, sometimes called a clipboard. If you make two cuts in succession, the text from the original cut will be replaced by the text from the second cut.

DRAG & DROP Describes applications that allow you to drag objects to specific locations on the screen to perform actions on them. For example, you can drag a document to the trashcan icon to delete it. This is a classic case of drag-and-drop functionality.

GUI Graphical user interface.

SHIFT A key on computer keyboards that gives the other keys an alternate meaning. When combined with alphabetic keys, the Shift key causes the system to output a capital letter. The Shift key can also be combined with other keys to produce program -dependent results.

STRG/CTRL

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A key on PC keyboards labeled STRG/CTRL. You use the Control key in the same way that you use the Shift key -- keeping it pressed down while pressing another character or mouse button.

CONTEXT MENU When using an application or an operating system, the menu that appears when you click on the right-hand button of a two-button mouse (also called right clicking). The contextual menu appears at the cursor or where the pointer was placed when clicked.

UNDO To return to a previous state by undoing the effects of one or more commands. It lets you try unknown commands with less risk, because you can always return to the previous state. Also, if you accidentally press the wrong function key, you can undo your mistake. It allows you to undo an unlimited number of commands. Each time you press the undo key, the previous command is undone. You can roll back an entire editing session this way.

TOOLBARS A series of selectable buttons in a GUI that give the user an easy way to select application functions. Toolbars are displayed as either a horizontal row or a vertical column around the edges of the GUI. Toolbars give the user another option aside from pull-down menus.

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9.6. Moving Tilted Planes For every point, DTMaster calculates a tilted plane at the current location (see Figure 72: and Figure 73:).

Figure 72: Tilted Planes calculated at three random positions within a

point cloud

Figure 73: Perspective view of tilted plane in steep area with eight

sector coordinate bar From the current location DTMaster searches in all eight sectors for the closest point. Lines crossing or adding vertices to the sectors are used, too (see Figure 74:). If the line intersection points or vertices are the closest points in the sector, they are used instead of points from this sector. Sector 3 and 4 in the Figure

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74: do not have points, which are closer for interpolation related to the break line crossing these sectors. Sector 1,4, and 8 in Figure 74: have mass points closer then line intersection points or vertices in its sector, ignoring the line information for interpolation.

Figure 74: Eight sector coordinate bar for interpolation position of

selected point Figure 75: shows the final selection from all sectors with its distances, used for the interpolation for the current point. The moving tilted plane algorithm uses distance weights (ω) for calculating the interpolated height of the current point.

2

1s

=ω

Figure 75: Distances to closest points in eight sector coordinate bar

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9.7. References http://www.webopedia.com/ http://www.immersion.com/industrial/products/softmouse.php

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10. End User License Agreement This INPHO End User License Agreement, hereinafter referred to as "EULA", is a legal Agreement between you, the end user, hereinafter referred to as "END USER" and INPHO GmbH, Stuttgart, Germany, hereinafter referred to as "INPHO" for the software products of INPHO, hereinafter referred to as "SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S)". By installing, copying, or otherwise using SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S), END USER agrees to be bound by the terms of this EULA. INPHO agrees to grant hereby, and END USER agrees to accept a non-transferable and non-exclusive license to use SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) of INPHO under the following terms and conditions. END USER must have acquired or END USER has to be a representative of a legal entity which has acquired from INPHO or from an authorized distribution partner of INPHO a license for the use of SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S). SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) shall be licensed under this EULA effective from the date of installation in decoded form. This Agreement shall remain in force until END USER discontinues the use of SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) and returns SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) to INPHO, or this EULA is otherwise terminated as provided herein. END USER shall have the right to use SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) or any portion thereof at any given time on one (1) single computer (CPU) only. In case of transfer of SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) to another computer, END USER guarantees and ensures to make use of SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) on one (1) single computer (CPU) only at any given time. END USER is entitled to install SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) on as many computers as s/he wishes if and only if END USER guarantees and ensures to make use of SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) on one (1) single computer (CPU) only at any given time. END USER may make backup copies of SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S). END USER agrees that he and his employees will not make available SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S), or portions thereof, to any persons other than END USER or his employees or other persons authorized to use the computer for which the software was acquired. END USER is liable that the SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) or any portion thereof, will not be copied except as necessary for use under this EULA. INPHO warrants that it is the owner of SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) or that it has the right to grant a sub-license to use SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S). Title and ownership of SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) shall at all times remain with INPHO or relevant third parties. INPHO warrants for a period of 6 months from the date of delivery that, under normal use, SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) will perform substantially in the manner described in the documentation. The responsibility of INPHO for quality and performance of SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) ceases with the end of the warranty period. INPHO does not warrant that SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) will meet END USER's requirements and that SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) will operate error-free.

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INPHO's entire liability shall be either the repair or the replacement of any SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S), which does not meet the respective warranties given above, or a refund of the purchase price of the defective software. In no event will INPHO be liable for any damages arising out of or in connection with the use of SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) or the inability to use SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S). In the event END USER neglects or fails to pay the appropriate purchase price or license fee(s), or to adhere to any of its obligations hereunder, this EULA shall immediately terminate, and SOFTWARE PRODUCT(S) will have to be returned to INPHO immediately. All additional arrangements or alterations of this EULA require the written permission of both parties. The laws of the Federal Republic of Germany shall govern this EULA. The place of jurisdiction is Stuttgart, Germany.

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