Manual 708 Final

8/10/2019 Manual 708 Final

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Routing & Switching

Protocol

MINT-708

LAB MANUAL

Submitted by:- Nehal Sharma

1282695

Submitted to : Dr. Mike MacGregor

Secod reader: Shaha!a" Mir


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1

Abstract

Inter-networking is an essential element of data communication networks. The

existence of networking begins from home and it covers huge enterprises all

across the globe. It could be simple or complex at times, depending on thestructure of the network. It is one of the basic ingredients of a healthy

communication system. It helps an organization, in one part of the world to

exchange information with an organization in another part of the word. In order

to share the data or to operate various other operations the concept of Inter-

networking has played a revolutionary role. The impact it has on the working of

institutions and common person is beyond imagination. nd, the leaders working

in this industry believes that inter-networking has huge potential.

The information shared in this manual is very simple yet very challenging for

network engineers. It will help the reader in understanding the topics with much

more clarity. It will assist a reader to analyze the theoretical and practical

concepts of !"#$". The basic knowledge of routing and switching protocols in

this manual will indulge the reader to explore these topics from root level to the

expert level. %y entire approach was to create an environment, where a reader

finds it nourishing for his#her brain and transforms him#her to handle the real

world Inter-networks.


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&

Table of content

!' 1( 'asic )nowledge ................................................................................................................................ *

1 +a relab for 'asic )nowledge ..............................................................................................................

1+b !' /0/2I3/(- ............................................................................................................................... 4

"etwork ddress Translation ..................................................................................................................... 11

& +a relab for "T#T ......................................................................................................................... 1&

&+b "etwork 5iagram (- ..................................................................................................................... 1*

& +c "T#T I ddressing 3chema.............................................................................................. 16

2(d) LAB EXERCISE:- .................................................................................................................... 1

7irtual-!an and 3panning Tree rotocol ..................................................................................................... &1

8 +a relab 9or 7!" and 3T ................................................................................................................ &&

8+b "etwork diagram(-....................................................................................................................... &8

8+c 7!" : 3T I ddressing 3chema(- ........................................................................................ &;

3(d) LAB EXERCISE:- .................................................................................................................... &6

3tatic routing ............................................................................................................................................... 8 32?/% .................................................................................. 8*

4(d) LAB EXERCISE:- .................................................................................................................... 8;

outing Information rotocol ..................................................................................................................... 84

*a relab for outing Internet rotocol ................................................................................................ = 32?/% ............................................................... ==

5(d) LAB EXERCISE:- .................................................................................................................... =*

@pen 3hort ath 9irst .................................................................................................................................. =;a relab for @pen 3hortest ath 9irst .................................................................................................. =4

;+b "etwork 5iagram ........................................................................................................................ *ateway rotocol ...................................................................................................... ;*

+b "etwork 5iagram ........................................................................................................................ ;6

+c 'order >ateway rotocol I 55/33I"> 32?/% ................................................................ ;4

"(d) LAB EXERCISE:- .................................................................................................................... 6 I 55/33I"> 32?/% ......................................................................... 66

#(d) LAB EXERCISE:- .................................................................................................................... 6

I7; ddressing .......................................................................................................................................... ateway rotocol

=.

Integrated system to integrated system

*.

I %ulticast

;.

3panning Tree protocol

nd, so on and so forth.

"ow, letDs talk about the physical layer. In order to establish a physical connectionwe need wires or fiber cable. In networking there are two basic standards of AT

or 3T wires(-

a)

Crossoer cable: - 5ifferent cables with different standard come in the

market like cat *, ; or 6 etc. 2rossover cable is used for connecting two


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same devices like switch to a switch. $ire has two ends clamped with E=*

connector. 'ut color combination of wires is also important .there are two

types of color combination one is *; and other is *; '

5"A 5"B

*&re color *&re Color

1 >reen white 1 @range white

& >reen & @range

8 @range white 8 >reen white

= 'lue = 'lue

* 'lue white * 'lue white

; @range ; >reen

6 'rown white 6 'rown white 'rown 'rown

"ow, for a crossover cable one end of cable should be *; and other should be

*; '.

b.

Stra&+'t t'ro$+' cable: -3traight cable is used for connecting two different

devices like switch to a router. $ire has two ends clamped with E=*

connector. 'ut color combination of wires is also important. 3o, for acrossover cable one end of cable should be *; and other should be *;

too.

There are other cables as well like serial cable as they are used on serial ports

on routers. @ne end is 5T/ and other is 52/.

2onsole 2able is basically a rollover cable which is used to connect computer

terminal to a router console port. The ports are same in console cable so it can

connect two serial devices with the same cable.

2onsole server is a device which is used for accessing system consoles like

router or a switch. It allows user to access the network by using the

applications like telnet, ssh etc.


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6

uxiliary port is a synchronous serial port with C-=* connector on the other

side. It is used for connecting to the external modem. If the regular

connectivity fails it is used to troubleshoot or access routers.


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1 (a) Prelab for Basic Knowledge

F1. $hy the concept of subnetting is reBuired in networkingG

F&.$hy the command I subnet-zero is importantG

F8. $rite down the 2I5 value and its class of following(-

a.

#11

b.

#&4

c.

#1;

F=. "etwork address is given as 16&.1;.


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1(b) LAB !R"#S:-

,n an c&sco ro$ter:-

$rite the commands to copy flash from a T9T server

fter copying the flash on your system, delete the flash from cisco router. $hen the router comes in rommon mode, copy the flash back on it and

write the commands used on router.

fter copying flash on router set a password

elease the router and telnet again

$hen the router ask for password donHt put the password that you set on

the contrary try to recover or set a new password.

2onfigure any two ports with I address

"ow, erase the "7% and reload

,n an Alcatel ro$ter:-

2onfigure the cards

2onfigure interfaces with any I address

2heck the flash file

5elete primary config file +.,T /RI0AR1-I0AE

fter the successful completion of above mentioned tasks document the

following(-

,n an c&sco Alcatel ro$ter:-

$rite all the commands categorically which were used to perform all the steps in

both the routers


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1ive I addresses to routers !2T/!, 1, &, 8, = and 3$1 accordingto I addressing schema.

2)

Conf&+$re Stat&c Ro$t&n+

2onfigure static routing on all the routers with one route to each

destination

ing from 1 loopback < to 3$1 loopback and I'>G

F*.$hat do you understand by the term next-hop selfG

F;. $hat is administrative weight and is it communicated to other routersG

F6. $hat is the maximum suppress time for route-dampeningG

a.

1* seconds or half life

b.

8< seconds or two times half lifec.

=* seconds or three times half life

d.

;< seconds or four times half life

F.$hy I'> and I> synchronization is important(-

a.

To make more loops within 3

b.

To prevent '> routing loops within an 3

c.

To create infinite loops in the neighbor 3

d.

"one of the above


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F4. 2onfederation in '> is a way of(-

a.

2ontrol large number of @39 peers

b.

2ontrol small number of I peers

c.

2ontrol large number of I'> peers.d.

2reate small number of I> peers


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;6

8(b) %etwor iagra*


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;

ra% a %ell labeled .et%or d&a+ra6 %&t' &7 address on t'e

&nterfaces


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;4

8(c) Border 0atewa7 Protocol #P ARSS#%0 S"2A

R,8TER I/ ARESSI.

Internal I ddressing ange 16&.1;.0.


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6ro6 R2 7&n+ loo7bac= of R>ro6 R3 7&n+ loo7bac= of R"

>ro6 R4 7&n+ loo7bac= of R2

>ro6 R5 7&n+ loo7bac= of R"

>ro6 R 7&n+ loo7bac= of R9


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6&

Lab-9

I MULTIA#TIN.


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68

#P 2ulticasting

I ddressing is categorizing into three genres one is unicast, second is broadcast

and finally third is multicast. If a data is supposed to be transmitted to a single

receiver then the unicast addressing is used. If a data packet needs to reach all

the systems in the subnetwork then, broadcast address is used. 'ut, if a datagram

is supposed to travel to a set of system which forms a group which is called

multicast group then, multicast address is used.

Anicasting and 'roadcasting of data packets can be done by using class , class '

and 2lass 2 addresses. 'ut, the multicasting of datagrams can be done using only

2lass 5 address which is ranged between &&=.


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6=

9a) Prelab #P 2ulticasting

F1. $hat is the class of addresses that falls in range of I multicast addressG

a.2lass

b.

2lass 'c.

2lass 2

d.

2lass 5

F&. $hat is I address &&=.


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6*

9(b) %etwor iagra*


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6;

ra% a %ell labeled .et%or d&a+ra6 %&t' &7 address on t'e

&nterfaces


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9(c)#P 2L'#"AS'#%0 #P ARSS#%0 S"2A

R,8TER I/ ARESSI.

Internal I addressing ange 16&.1;.0.


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9(d) LAB !R"#S:-

9)

/ro&d&n+ I/ address to all t'e ro$ters:-

>ive I addresses to routers 1, &, 8 and = according to I

addressing schema.

7erify the connectivity by using command S'o% &7 &nterface br&ef

command.

2)Conf&+$re I/ 6$lt&cast&n+

3elect one rendezvous point + and give that to all the routers.

2onfigure rotocol independent multicast +I%

2onfigure 3parse mode for multicasting on all routers.

2onfigure default route among routers

2onfigure cisco group management protocol on routers appropriately.

7erify enabled multicasting by using command(- s'o% &7 6$lt&cast

&nterface ;&nterface


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64

Lab-1;

I A'%##IN. !%#I*N 1

(I 21)


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ive I v; addresses to routers 1, & and 8.

2hoose #;= ipv; addresses for the interfaces on all the three routers

2onnect a loopback to every router with a valid Iv; address.

2)Conf&+$re RI/n+

2onfigure Ing on all the three routers

7erify it by using command on all the routers( s'o% &7 ro$teand

s'o% &7 r&7

3)

Conf&+$re ,S/> 3

2onfigure @39 v8 on all the three routers but no need to remove RI/n+

7erify it by using command on all the routers( s'o% &7 ro$teands'o% &7 os7f

fter the successful completion of above mentioned tasks document the

following(-

9

S'o% r$nof all the routers.

2

7erified output on step & and step 8

3

S'o% &7 7rotocolson all routers and s'o% &7 &nterface ;&nterface

Documents

Manual 708 Final