Los mandatos, parte 2 (Usted/ Ustedes)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ujpwRbYDh3UBaños, Ecuador (Hopefully a “field trip” for a future UC program)

We’ve already covered the informal “tu” commands.

The informal commands are used with friends, family members, people younger than you, pets, and those you feel are socially “inferior” to you.

But sometimes you need to be a bit more polite, or address a group.

Formal commands [Ud. / Uds.]The formation is easy, if you remember the present tense. PLUSthere are only 2 forms! (These use the same rules as the NEGATIVE tú commands)

-AR

Start with the YO form in the present tense.

Drop the -O

Add –e for the UD. form; -en for the Uds. form

Hablar--hablo ¡Hable! [speak!] ¡Hablen! [All of you, speak!]

To tell someone NOT to do something....stick a NO in front.

No mire aquí. [Don’t look here.]

No compren de ellos. [Don’t buy from them.]

ER and IR verbs

Yo form

drop the -O

add –A [Ud.] and AN [Uds.]

Correr--corro

¡Corra más rápido!Run faster!

No corran en las calles.Don’t run in the streets.

Escribir--escribo

Escriba lo que digo. Write down what I say.

No escriban en los libros. Don’t write in the books.

Irregular YO forms in the presentVerbs that have an irregular YO form maintain that irregularity, to which you add the appropriate ending.

DECIR—digo Diga la verdad [Tell the truth!]

HACER—hago Hagan la tarea [Do the homework.]

SALIR—salgo Salgan inmediatemente. Leave immediately!

TENER—tengo ¡Tengan cuidado! Be careful!

Stem-changing verbs maintain the change

PENSAR—pienso Piensen antes de actuar. (Think before you do anything.)

CERRAR—cierro Cierren las ventanas. [ Close the windows.]

VOLVER—vuelvo Vuelvan temprano. [Come back early.]

GAR CAR ZAR verbsThese do the same thing that happened in the pretérito, for the same reasons.

-GAR will be gue / guen for pronunciation reasons

¡Paguen la cuenta!—Pay the bill!¡No pague demasiado!—Don’t pay too much!Jueguen bien, niños. [Play nice, kids.]

-CAR will be que / quen for pronunciation reasons

¡Toque la música más alto!—Play the music louder!

¡No toquen las estatuas!—Don’t touch the statues.

-ZAR will be ce / cen just because

¡Empiece ahora!—Start now!

¡No almuercen en la biblioteca!—Don’t eat lunch in the library!

4 irregular verbs to memorize

DAR DéDen ESTAR esté

estén

SER seasean IR vaya vayan

Miramos la tarea 7.15

Commands and pronouns

Reflexive, indirect and direct pronouns may be used with commands—Look at me! Don’t talk to them! Put on your sweater! Sit [yourself] down and shut [yourself] up!

Pronouns go after and attached to affirmative commands and you have to add an accent [AAA to A, AAA] to the original second to last syllable.

¡Míreme!—Look at me!

Tell me the truth !—Dígame la verdad.

For negative commands, NO + pronoun[s] + command

No me miren—Don’t look at me.

No me digan mentiras.—Don’t tell me lies.

Tarea 7.17

Cómo dar instruccionesYou’re going to write 2 different sets of instructions—one how to do something, the other how to go somewhere. You’ll hand in both, so make sure I can read them. Work alone, follow the instructions, hand it in when you’re done.

For next class, think of commands for our amigos. Look up any words in the vocab for lección 10.