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8/9/2019 Managing Diversity 1
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ManagingManaging
DiversityDiversity
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What Is Diversity?What Is Diversity?
Although definitions vary, diversity simply refers toAlthough definitions vary, diversity simply refers tohuman characteristics that make people differenthuman characteristics that make people differentfrom one anotherfrom one another
Individual characteristics over which a person hasIndividual characteristics over which a person haslittle or no control include biologically determinedlittle or no control include biologically determinedcharacteristics such as race, sex, age, and certaincharacteristics such as race, sex, age, and certainphysical attributes, as well as the family and societyphysical attributes, as well as the family and societyinto which he or she is born.into which he or she is born.
It is important to keep in mind the distinctionIt is important to keep in mind the distinctionbetween the sources of diversity and the diversitybetween the sources of diversity and the diversityitself. Without this distinction, stereotyping tends toitself. Without this distinction, stereotyping tends tooccur.occur.
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Diversity in OrganizationsDiversity in Organizations
African AmericansAfrican Americans
WomenWomen
Asian AmericansAsian Americans
Older workersOlder workers
Latinos (Hispanic Americans)Latinos (Hispanic Americans)
People with disabilitiesPeople with disabilities The foreign bornThe foreign born
HomosexualsHomosexuals
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Glass CeilingGlass Ceiling
Old Boys Network:Old Boys Network:An informal social andAn informal social and
business network of highbusiness network of high--level malelevel male
executives that typically excludes womenexecutives that typically excludes women
and minorities. Access to the old boysand minorities. Access to the old boysnetwork is often an important factor innetwork is often an important factor in
career advancement.career advancement.
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The set of activities involved inThe set of activities involved in
integrating nontraditional employeesintegrating nontraditional employees
(women and minorities) into the work(women and minorities) into the work
force and using their diversity to the firmsforce and using their diversity to the firms
competitive advantage.competitive advantage.
Management of DiversityManagement of Diversity
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Diversity as an AssetDiversity as an Asset
Greater creativityGreater creativity. Employee diversity can stimulate. Employee diversity can stimulate
consideration of less obvious alternatives.consideration of less obvious alternatives.
Better problem solvingBetter problem solving. Homogenous groups are. Homogenous groups areprone to a phenomenon called groupthink, in whichprone to a phenomenon called groupthink, in which
all members quickly converge on a mistaken solutionall members quickly converge on a mistaken solution
because they share the same mindset and view thebecause they share the same mindset and view the
problem through the lens of conformity.problem through the lens of conformity.
Greater system flexibilityGreater system flexibility. In todays rapidly. In todays rapidly
changing business environments, flexibility is anchanging business environments, flexibility is an
important characteristic of successful firms.important characteristic of successful firms.
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Challenges in Managing EmployeeChallenges in Managing Employee
DiversityDiversityValuing Employee DiversityValuing Employee Diversity In some ways, the idea that diversity is good runsIn some ways, the idea that diversity is good runs
counter to the melting pot tradition.counter to the melting pot tradition.
Individual versus Group FairnessIndividual versus Group Fairness How far should management go in adapting HRHow far should management go in adapting HR
programs to diverse employee groups?programs to diverse employee groups?Universal Concept of Management:Universal Concept of Management: The managementThe managementconcept holding that all management practices should beconcept holding that all management practices should be
standardized.standardized.Cultural Relativity Concept of ManagementCultural Relativity Concept of Management: The: Themanagement concept holding that management practicesmanagement concept holding that management practicesshould be molded to the different sets of values, beliefs,should be molded to the different sets of values, beliefs,attitudes, and behaviors exhibited by a diverse work force.attitudes, and behaviors exhibited by a diverse work force.
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Challenges in Managing EmployeeChallenges in Managing Employee
DiversityDiversityResentmentResentment In a vast majority of U.S. organizations, equalIn a vast majority of U.S. organizations, equal
employment opportunity (EEO) was a forced changeemployment opportunity (EEO) was a forced changerather than a voluntary one.rather than a voluntary one.
BacklashBacklash While women and minorities may view a firm's culturalWhile women and minorities may view a firm's cultural
diversity policy as a commitment to improving theirdiversity policy as a commitment to improving theirchances for advancement, white men may see it as achances for advancement, white men may see it as athreat.threat.
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Challenges in Managing EmployeeChallenges in Managing Employee
DiversityDiversity
RetentionRetention The job satisfaction levels of women andThe job satisfaction levels of women and
minorities are often lower than those of whiteminorities are often lower than those of whitemen.men.
Competition for OpportunitiesCompetition for Opportunities As minority populations grow in the U.S.,As minority populations grow in the U.S.,
competition for jobs and opportunities is likelycompetition for jobs and opportunities is likelyto become much stronger.to become much stronger.
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Improving the Management ofImproving the Management of
DiversityDiversity
Adopt an inclusive definition of diversity thatAdopt an inclusive definition of diversity thataddresses all kinds of differences amongaddresses all kinds of differences among
employees, including (but not limited to) raceemployees, including (but not limited to) raceand gender.and gender.
Make sure that top management is not onlyMake sure that top management is not onlycommitted to establishing a diversity programcommitted to establishing a diversity program
but also communicates that commitmentbut also communicates that commitmentdirectly to all employees.directly to all employees.
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Improving the Management ofImproving the Management of
DiversityDiversity
Diversity training programs: Programs thatDiversity training programs: Programs thatprovide diversity awareness training andprovide diversity awareness training and
educate employees on specific cultural and sexeducate employees on specific cultural and sexdifferences and how to respond to these in thedifferences and how to respond to these in theworkplace.workplace. Avoid oneAvoid one--shot training efforts that stir up emotionsshot training efforts that stir up emotions
without channeling them in productive directions.without channeling them in productive directions.Use ongoing training that encompasses diversity asUse ongoing training that encompasses diversity asonly one facet of needed change in the corporateonly one facet of needed change in the corporateculture.culture.
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Improving the Management ofImproving the Management of
DiversityDiversity
Support Groups: A group established by anSupport Groups: A group established by an
employer to provide a nurturing climate foremployer to provide a nurturing climate for
employees who would otherwise feel isolatedemployees who would otherwise feel isolatedor alienated.or alienated.
Accommodation of family needs:Accommodation of family needs: Day CareDay Care
Alternative work patternsAlternative work patternsSenior mentoring programsSenior mentoring programs
ApprenticeshipsApprenticeships
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Improving the Management ofImproving the Management of
DiversityDiversity
Communication standardsCommunication standards
Organized activitiesOrganized activities
Diversity auditsDiversity audits A review of the effectiveness of an organizationsA review of the effectiveness of an organizations
diversity management program.diversity management program.
Management responsibility and accountabilityManagement responsibility and accountability
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Some WarningsSome Warnings
Avoid the promotion of stereotypesAvoid the promotion of stereotypes
Dont confuse diversity with EqualDont confuse diversity with EqualEmployment OpportunityEmployment Opportunity
Dont confuse diversity with performanceDont confuse diversity with performance