Management and Management and LeadershipLeadership

Introduction to BusinessIntroduction to Business

Chapter 7Chapter 7

What do Managers do?What do Managers do? PlanningPlanning

– Analyzing information, setting goals, making Analyzing information, setting goals, making decisions, etc…decisions, etc…

OrganizingOrganizing– Arranging the work and resourcesArranging the work and resources

StaffingStaffing– Obtaining, preparing, and paying employeesObtaining, preparing, and paying employees

ImplementingImplementing– Direct and lead people to accomplish the workDirect and lead people to accomplish the work

ControllingControlling– Determines the successDetermines the success

Levels of ManagementLevels of Management

TOP MANAGEMENTTOP MANAGEMENT– Referred to as Referred to as ExecutivesExecutives– Set long-term plansSet long-term plans– Accountable for profitability and successAccountable for profitability and success– Mostly Planning and ControllingMostly Planning and Controlling– Control of business communicationsControl of business communications

– Ex: Ex: CEO, President, COO, etc…CEO, President, COO, etc…

Levels of ManagementLevels of Management

Mid-ManagementMid-Management– Specialists with specific responsibilitiesSpecialists with specific responsibilities– Organizing, Staffing and ImplementingOrganizing, Staffing and Implementing– Coordinates their work with others Coordinates their work with others

managersmanagers

– EX: EX: Marketing manager, Operations Marketing manager, Operations manager, human resources managermanager, human resources manager

Levels of ManagementLevels of Management

SupervisorsSupervisors– First level of managementFirst level of management– Responsible for the work of a group of Responsible for the work of a group of

employeesemployees– Implementing plans of executivesImplementing plans of executives– Also have non-managerial duties:Also have non-managerial duties:

Day-to-day planningDay-to-day planningDistribute resourcesDistribute resourcesEvaluate employees’ workEvaluate employees’ work

Management StyleManagement Style

Managing a group of people is not an Managing a group of people is not an easy this to do. Each group is easy this to do. Each group is different and may be motivated in different and may be motivated in different ways. different ways.

– Tactical ManagementTactical Management– Strategic ManagementStrategic Management– Mixed ManagementMixed Management

Tactical ManagementTactical Management

The manager is more directive and The manager is more directive and controllingcontrolling

They make the major decisions and They make the major decisions and keep a close eye on workerskeep a close eye on workers

Crisis times? New employees?Crisis times? New employees?

Strategic ManagementStrategic Management

Experienced workers may need less Experienced workers may need less “control”“control”

Involve employees in decision Involve employees in decision makingmaking

Trust that employees are working Trust that employees are working towards a goal and will seek advice towards a goal and will seek advice when necessarywhen necessary

Mixed ManagementMixed Management

Combined use of tactical and Combined use of tactical and strategicstrategic

How a manager acts may depend on How a manager acts may depend on the issue at hand, how experienced the issue at hand, how experienced the workers are, working within a the workers are, working within a certain time frame or budget, etc…certain time frame or budget, etc…

Which to use???Which to use???

TACTICALTACTICAL Working with part-Working with part-

time or tempstime or temps Unmotivated Unmotivated

employeesemployees Tight time framesTight time frames New tasksNew tasks Employees not Employees not

involved in decision-involved in decision-makingmaking

STRATEGICSTRATEGIC Skilled and Skilled and

experienced experienced employeesemployees

Routine workRoutine work Employees enjoying Employees enjoying

workwork Improve group Improve group

relationsrelations Employees want Employees want

responsibilityresponsibility

What makes a Leader?What makes a Leader?

The ability to motivate individuals The ability to motivate individuals and groups to accomplish important and groups to accomplish important goalsgoals

People are the most important People are the most important resource of a business. If they are resource of a business. If they are not satisfied, they will not perform to not satisfied, they will not perform to abilityability

Leadership CharacteristicsLeadership Characteristics UnderstandingUnderstanding InitiativeInitiative DependabilityDependability JudgmentJudgment ObjectivityObjectivity ConfidenceConfidence StabilityStability CooperationCooperation HonestyHonesty CourageCourage CommunicationCommunication IntelligenceIntelligence

How to be a Leader …How to be a Leader …

Study leadershipStudy leadership– Read books or take coursesRead books or take courses

Participate in organizationsParticipate in organizations– Take roles in clubs, teams, etc…Take roles in clubs, teams, etc…

Practice leadership at workPractice leadership at work– Take on extra duties; initiativeTake on extra duties; initiative

Observe leadersObserve leaders– See what works and what does notSee what works and what does not

Work with a mentorWork with a mentor Do a self-analysis and ask for feedbackDo a self-analysis and ask for feedback

What is Human Relations?What is Human Relations?

The way people get along with each other.The way people get along with each other.

As a leader, why is this important to As a leader, why is this important to study?study?

Self Understanding, Understanding Others, Self Understanding, Understanding Others, Communication, Team Building, and Communication, Team Building, and Developing Job SatisfactionDeveloping Job Satisfaction

Human RelationsHuman Relations

Self Self UnderstandingUnderstanding

Know your own Know your own strengths and strengths and weaknessesweaknesses

Do not be predictable Do not be predictable or unfairor unfair

Which decisions are Which decisions are effective and which effective and which are notare not

Understanding Understanding OthersOthers

Recognize similaritiesRecognize similarities Differences can help a Differences can help a

companycompany Involve each person Involve each person

appropriatelyappropriately

Human RelationsHuman Relations

CommunicationCommunication Formal or informalFormal or informal Internal or externalInternal or external Vertical or horizontalVertical or horizontal Oral or writtenOral or written

Must use all types Must use all types Listening is part of Listening is part of

communicating!communicating!

Team BuildingTeam Building Combined skills are Combined skills are

stronger than stronger than individualsindividuals

Does everyone always Does everyone always get along?get along?

Team building can be Team building can be problem solvingproblem solving

Human RelationsHuman Relations

Job SatisfactionJob Satisfaction Jobs provide needed Jobs provide needed

benefitsbenefits More people are More people are

satisfied than notsatisfied than not Why are workers Why are workers

unhappy?unhappy? Happiness = Happiness =

productivity!productivity!

The impact of Influence!The impact of Influence!

Influence enables a person to affect Influence enables a person to affect the actions of othersthe actions of others

– POSITION INLFUENCEPOSITION INLFUENCE– REWARD INFLUENCEREWARD INFLUENCE– EXPERT INFLUENCEEXPERT INFLUENCE– IDENTITY INFLUENCEIDENTITY INFLUENCE