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Facts and figures on trade and industry in Malmö, Sweden.
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Malmö SnapshotFacts and figures on trade and industry in Malmö
ANNUAL REPORT
A summary from the City Office, City of Malmö 2013
Did you know that... ...there were eight new company start-ups a day in Malmö in 2012? Page 16 ...Malmö has never had such a large workforce as it does now? Page 18
...the media value for the Eurovision Song Contest is estimated at SEK 1.1 billion? Page 26
48,000 people visited Malmö during the
Eurovision Song Contest.
2 3
Malmö is an attractive and innovative city which has grown for the 28th year in a row!
A city which is attractive to its inhabitants, its businesses and its visitors has a bright future ahead of it. In the long term this means greater opportunities for business, with the potential to create more jobs for more Malmö residents.
The Eurovision Song Contest was a shining example of an event that generated a sense of pride in and commitment to our city, helping make Malmö still more attractive. Eurovision reached a global TV audience of around 170 million, and 1,700 journalists, along with around 80,000 spectators, watched the event live in Malmö Arena. An international media analysis estimates the media value in international and national press at around SEK 1 billion.
In Malmö we continue to create the best conditions for ensuring our growth is both sustainable and inclusive. Our Structure Plan sets out the routes we are to follow and will provide clear guidance for the growth we anticipate. Calculations indicate that within twenty years we will be seeing another 100,000 new residents in Malmö, in addition to 50,000 new jobs.
To succeed in this we have to continue working to make the city still more attractive,
while making sure we always remain at the forefront of innovation. Evidence that we are on the right track was recently provided by Forbes Magazine, where an OECD report indicated that Malmö was ranked fourth in a list of the world’s most inventive cities. We were pipped at the post by Eindhoven, San Diego and San Francisco.
To help us further in our strategy of constant improvement we have launched a new scheme called “Business Pilot” (Företagslots)*. The purpose of this is to facilitate trade and industry in the city, as well as help businesses or individuals intent on setting up in Malmö. Call us directly or send us an e-mail with your query. We will provide you with all the help you need. So far we have managed to respond to 75% of queries on the very same day we received them. Every day sees eight new company start-ups in Malmö. That’s a pretty good number – but we have room for more!
We are totally committed to making Malmö a truly great city in which to live, enjoy life and do business.
Pehr Andersson Director, Trade and Industry Agency, City of Malmö
A snapshot of Malmö
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Contents
- Housing construction
- Unemployment
- New companies
- Turnover
Growth
- Planned projects
- Commuting
- Infrastructure
Region
- Number of places of employment
- Legal form of enterprise
- Foreign-owned places of employment
- Malmö’s profile areas
- Eurovision Song Contest
Corporate structure
- Workforce, daytime population
- Geographical trends
- By industry
- Industry trends
Workforce
Population
- Population increase
- Age distribution
- Universities/colleges
- Regional accounts
A clear picture of MalmöIn this report, we have compiled some facts and figures to provide a general picture of trade and industry in Malmö. These will give those interested in Malmö an idea of how the city is developing.
» The report is available in Swedish and English.
» Read and download the digital version from our website www.malmobusiness.com. There you can find more information as well as presentations.
* Feel free to contact the City of Malmö’s “Business Pilot” (Företagslots) on +46 (0)40 34 30 00 or e-mail [email protected]
Preface Contents
Both will be constructed in Lund, 20 km north of Malmö. In addition to exciting new research potential, the facilities will generate further job opportunities and more growth in the region.
MAX IV is a synchrotron radiation laboratory. 2,000 researchers from around the world are expected to use the facility every year. Due to open in 2015.
The ESS (European Spallation Source) will be the world’s foremost materials research facility using neutrons. It is a collaboration project involving 17 European countries. Due to open in 2019.
Malmömässan – new exhibition and convention centre in Hyllie Photo: Björn Forsberg
Culture Casbah is set to be a new landmark in Rosengård. The project won the Best Futura Project award in March at Mipim, one of the world’s biggest real estate trade exhibitions. Graphic: Lundgaard & Tranberg Architects
Malmö Live – concert hall, congress centre and hotel, due to be opened in 2015. Graphic: Schmidt Hammer Lassen
The City Tunnel, including two new stations and expansion of Malmö Central Artist’s impression: Imagix
Expansion of Norra Hamnen (port) Photo: CMP
Emporia Shopping Centre Photo: Leif Johansson X-RAY
4 5
A city in transition
Several major investments have been completed in Malmö in recent years, such as: » 2013 Eurovision Song Contest
» Swedbank Stadium
» Media Evolution City
» Entré - a new shopping centre
» Several new hotels
Malmö Arena Photo: Leif Johansson X-RAY
Interest in Malmö is huge and there is a lot going on in the city. Many players recognize its potential and are eager to invest in our future.
» Malmö Live (concert hall, congress centre and hotel)
» Redevelopment and expansion of several shopping centres – Triangeln, Mobilia and Caroli City
» Legal centre
» University expansion (qtr. Niagara)
» Planned swimming facilities
» Culture Casbah
» IKEA – new offices for global staff departments and training centre
» Development of Skåne University Hospital (SUS)
» Continued expansion of Västra Hamnen (the Western Harbour)
» Continued expansion of Hyllie
» Expansion of Norra Sorgenfri
A selection of planned and ongoing projects:
Two new major research facilities under way
A tunnel between Denmark and GermanyThe Fehmarn Belt Tunnel will be constructed between Denmark and Germany, and completion is anticipated for 2021. The tunnel will link Scandinavia with the continent, leading to a considerable reduction in journey times. The Öresund Bridge has played an important role in the integration and growth of the Öresund Region and the tunnel is forecast to be equally important in creating a competitive new major economic region.
European Spallation Source (ESS) Graphic: Henning Larsen Architects + COBE + SLA
Via a tunnel under the Öresund Strait, the trip by metro will take around 15 minutes. A metro link would take some of the pressure off the Öresund Bridge, which is expected to carry increased goods traffic when the fixed link between Denmark and Germany is completed. The metro link is also expected to promote everyday integra- tion across the strait. An investigation, due for completion in Autumn 2013, is looking into the possibility of building a metro link between Malmö and Copenhagen. If the proposal gets the green light, a metro system may well be up and running by 2030.
A metro link between Malmö and Copenhagen?
Region Region
6 7
Copenhagen Malmö
D E N M A R K
S W E D E N
The Öresund Region is growing into a major economic region » Once the Fehmarn Belt Tunnel, a fixed link
between Denmark and Germany, is completed in 2021, it will pave the way for a competitive major economic region. There will be a significant reduction in travel and transport times, and it is expected to have a positive impact in terms of integration, growth, the number of potential jobs, tourism, research and culture.
Close cooperation across the strait » Malmö’s new Structure Plan and Copenhagen’s
new Municipal Plan describe the mutual role of the cities as motors for regional development. They provide a common outline of development strategies and areas for expansion. These two plans, which are now adopted policy in each city, serve to underline the close cooperation between them, with the implication that their citizens and businesses should see each one in the context of the other.
Öresund RegionThe Öresund Region is the largest and most densely populated metropolitan region in the Nordic countries.
The Öresund Region covers parts of two countries, Sweden and Denmark, with easy access between the two via the Öresund Bridge, inaugurated on 1 July 2000. The 16 km long link is located between Malmö and Copenhagen.
» The Öresund Region includes Skåne in Sweden and the Danish islands of Zealand, Mön, Lolland-Falster and Bornholm
» 3.8 million inhabitants in total (1.3 million live on the Swedish side and 2.5 million on the Danish side)
» 25% of the population of Sweden and Denmark live in the Öresund Region
» It is the largest Nordic regional labour market, with 1.8 million people
» The region accounts for 25% of the countries’ combined GNP
» Around 250,000 companies (2010)
» 167,000 students are enrolled at the region’s colleges and universities (2010)
» In 2022, the population is expected to exceed the four million mark
Good infrastructure » Copenhagen International Airport (Kastrup) is easily accessible
by train and car. The train journey takes 21 minutes from Malmö Central Station
» Trains from Malmö, stopping at Copenhagen airport and city centre, depart every 10 minutes during rush hours. At other times, trains depart every 20 minutes
» Malmö Airport is located 30 kilometres east of the city. Airport buses are available for the 40-minute journey
» One of Sweden’s largest cargo ports is in Malmö. The harbour is home to a combined cargo and passenger port. A major harbour expansion project has recently been carried out providing new areas, terminals and a logistics centre
» Opened in 2010, the new City Tunnel has provided Malmö with even better infrastructure and two new stations. Commuting times for a number of routes were shortened, resulting in greater mobility in the region
» Malmö has two ring roads (Outer and Inner Ring Road), which make for efficient logistics
» Proximity to a well-developed road and rail network allows easy transport of goods and people, both within Sweden and to Scandinavia and Europe
Port of Malmö
CITY TU
NN
EL Inner Ring Road
Hyllie Station
Triangeln Station
Malmö Central Station
Svågertorp Station
Outer Ring Road
Öresund bridge, Copenhagen Inter- national Airport
Malmö Airport (Sturup)
STOCKHOLM 1 H OSLO 1 H 5 MIN
BERLIN 1 H 15 MIN AMSTERDAM 1 H 25 MIN
BRUSSELS 1 H 50 MIN
LUND 10 MIN GOTHENBURG 3 H
STOCKHOLM 4 H 20 MIN COPENHAGEN 30 MIN HAMBURG 5 H 30 MIN
Region Region
8
Commuting over the Öresund Bridge
Domestic commuting
Almost 70,000 people cross the bridge every day.18,500 vehicles per day crossed the bridge.Traffic increased year-on-year up to 2009 and is now just below the level then achieved. In 2012, a total of 6,765,816 vehicles (cars, trucks, buses, etc.) crossed the bridge.
41%
59%
Train
Car
Bil45%
Tåg55%
7%
93%
Working
Studying
Studerar6%
Arbetar94%
Inbound commuters 2011
43%
57%
Men
Women
Outbound commuters 2011
43%
57%
Men
Women
Kvinnor43%
Män57%
-30 000-40 000 -20 000 -10 000 0 10 000 20 000 30 000 40 000 50 000 60 000 70 000
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
» Malmö is located in a mobile region with everything close at hand. Distances are short and it is easy to move around
» 61,870 people commuted to Malmö from other municipalities in Sweden (domestic inbound commuting 2011)
» 28,359 people commuted to other municipalities in Sweden from Malmö (domestic outbound commuting 2011)
» For several years, commuting has been increasing in both directions and has contributed to making the region mobile
» Communications in the region are good. December 2010 saw the inauguration of the City Tunnel in Malmö, further enhancing the options for commuters
» Larger local labour markets contribute to increased flexibility, benefiting companies and citizens alike. Companies have better opportunities to find the right skills and expertise, and the individual citizen has a wider choice when it comes to the job market
Photo: Leif Johansson X-RAY Malmö Central Station
9
Kvinnor43%
Män57%
Öresund Bridge
» 14,600 people commuted daily by train or car across the Öresund Bridge (2012)
» Commuting decreased by 3.7% compared to the previous year and 9% over five years, but increased by 198% over ten years. The highest level was reached in 2009; since then commuting has decreased slightly
» 59% commuted by train and 41% by car
» 93% commuted to work and 7% were students
» The majority commuted from Sweden to Denmark – 96% live in Skåne
» Many Danes reside in Malmö due to differences in housing prices between the countries, and many Swedes work in Copenhagen, though this trend has tailed off over recent years
» Approximately 10,500 people commuted from Malmö to jobs in Denmark (2010)
0
2 000
4 000
6 000
8 000
10 000
12 000
14 000
16 000
18 000
2010 2011 201220092008200720062005200420032002200120001995
Commuters by hydrofoil
Students by train
Commuters by train
Commuters by car
Outbound commuting (from Malmö) Inbound commuting (to Malmö)
Region Region
10
A growing city
Malmö’s booming trade and industry and flourishing university offer a good quality of life with a wide range of activities, attracting many new residents to the city, which is growing year by year.
Population by age group and gender (2012)
Percentage age distribution
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
90+80-8970-7960-6950-5940-4930-3920-2910-190-9
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0-9 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90+
1%
1%
1%
%
12%
13%
13%
9%
10%
9%
18%
17%
17%
16%
18%
17%
12%
13%
13%
11%
11%
11%
10%
9%
9%
7%
6%
6%
5%
3%
4%
Malmö’s population 1968–2012, and the projected figures up to 2022
Photo: Leif Johansson X-RAY Photo: Leif Johansson X-RAY
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
2010 2008
2006 2004
2002 2000
20222020
20182016
20142012
1998 1996
1994 1992
1990 1988
1986 1984
19821980
1978 1976
19741972
1970 1968
Over twenty years, Malmö’s population has become on average three years younger. The resident most typical of Malmö today would be a 29 year-old woman or a 30 year-old man.
» With 307,758 inhabitants, Malmö is Sweden’s third largest city (31 December 2012)
» The population increased by 4,923 people (+1.6%) in 2012. Both net birth and net migration posted positive values
» Malmö’s population grew for the 28th year in a row
» In 20 years, Malmö’s population has increased by 71,000 (30%). The largest increases have been in the 0-5 and 25–39 year old age groups
» In April 2011, Malmö’s population passed the 300,000 mark
» Malmö is a young city. Almost half of the population is under the age of 35 (49%)
» 73% of households are small one or two-person households (2010)
» 31% of the city’s inhabitants were born abroad – those born in Iraq and Denmark account for the two largest groups
» 177 countries and about 150 languages are represented
11
307,758 people
31 Dec. 2012
By 2021 Malmö is expected to have
more than 350,000
inhabitantsThousands
Women Men
Men
Women
Age
Total
Thousands
Population Population
12 13
Malmö has around 26,000 university college students.
Photo: Leif Johansson X-RAY Malmö University
Universities and university collegesMalmö University: » Sweden’s ninth largest seat of learning
and the largest university college
» Founded on 1 July 1998
» 24,000 students (2012) (12,885 full-time students) on roll; 5,000 students at its inception in 1998.
» Offers around 100 education programmes and 500 courses
» Engages in joint projects with 252 partner universities throughout the world
» Located in central Malmö
Malmö also offers opportunities to study at institutions such as the Art Academy, the Academy of Music and the Theatre Academy.
The World Maritime University has been located in Malmö since 1983. This is an entity which, in terms of its organisation, answers to the United Nations (UN).
Metropolitan areas attract people who are highly trained and educated » 30% of Malmö’s population (in the 25–64
year old age category) have spent at least three years in tertiary education. The corresponding figure for Sweden as a whole is 25%. This puts Malmö in 19th place out of 290 municipalities according to Statistics Sweden (2012)
» Newly graduated university students prefer to settle in metropolitan areas after they have completed their studies, according to a report from the Swedish National Agency for Higher Education and Statistics Sweden (2010)
Regional accounts
» Gross Regional Product (GRP) in Malmö amounted to SEK 117,445 million in 2010 (+55% in ten years); service production in particular has increased. GRP per capita was SEK 393,000
» Total disposable income in Malmö was SEK 45,169 million (+55% in ten years); disposable income per capita was SEK 151,000
» Total wage bill for Malmö was SEK 48,499 million (+56% in ten years); services production in particular has posted a big increase in its wage bill
Gross Regional Product (GRP) per capita, current prices, SEK thousand
Gross Regional Product (GRP) in Malmö by Industry, SEK million
Disposable Income per capita, current prices, SEK thousand
Wages by Industry in Malmö, current prices, SEK million
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
200820092010
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
Stockholm Gothenburg Sweden SkåneMalmö
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
2008
2009
2010
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
Stockholm Gothenburg Sweden SkåneMalmö
0
10 000
20 000
30 000
40 000
50 000
60 000
70 000
200820092010
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
Market produc-tion, products (SNI 01-45)
Market production, services (SNI 50-95)
Items not broken down by industry
Public authorities and household non-pro�t organisations
0
5 000
10 000
15 000
20 000
25 000
30 000
200820092010
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
Market produc-tion, products (SNI 01-49)
Market produc-tion, services (SNI 50-95)
Public authorities and household non-pro�t organisations
The figures for 2009 and 2010 are based on SNI 2007
Population Population
14 15
10 interesting key figuresMalmö is doing well and 10 key figures help to monitor its development. The positive trend was recognized in 2009 when the city was awarded the prize for Growth Municipality of the Year*.
* The Growth Municipality of the Year prize is awarded by Arena för Tillväxt and SWECO Eurofutures
Quarterly results for the ten key figures are published each spring
and autumn on our website
Guest nights
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
2010
2011
2012
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
% SEK/sq m/year
Vacancy rate Malmö/Lund
Prime Rent Central Business District Malmö (SEK/sq m/year)
0
200
400
600
1 000
800
1 200
1 600
1 400
1 800
2 200
2 000
Commercial real estate market
Housing construction
0
200
400
600
800
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1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
20112012
2010
2009
2008
2007
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2005
2004
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2002
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1998
1997
Number
Started Newly built
Number of employees – daytime population
0
30
60
90
120
150
201020112012
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
Thousands
Number of employees
201020112012
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
19970
200
400
600
800
1 000
1 200
1 400Thousands
Hotels Hostels
Guest night = each overnight guestMulti-dwelling building = building with at least three separate apartments. The maximum number is unlimited.
Number of employees = daytime population, i.e. the number of people employed in Malmö (excluding owners of sole proprietorships) who earned at least one basic amount per year, or worked as temporary employees for more than three months.
» 2012 was another “all time high” year for the tourist trade in Malmö
» The tourist trade enjoyed a turnover of SEK 6.9 billion in Malmö in 2012, a figure which exceeds that of 2011. Over half of the proceeds came via restaurants and cafés and shopping
» Consumer sales generated employment equivalent to 5,086 full-time employees, an increase of 12% (+550 individuals) compared to 2011
» 1.8 million visitors had overnight stays in Malmö, staying on average 2.34 nights per visit: so a total of almost 4.3 million overnight stays. In addition, 5.1 million day trips were made to Malmö
» 1,219,071 overnight stays involved a hotel stay, which is 3,121 more than in 2011, making this a record for hotel overnight stays in terms of volume. On the other hand, the number of overnight stays in youth hostels declined by 5% compared to 2011
» Approximately 27% of the guests who stay at hotels and hostels are visitors from abroad, and around 73% are from Sweden
» 2012 saw a lot of new office space coming on the market, including the arrival of Media Evolution City, the properties in the Fören development, Bassängkajen II, Koggen II and Fullriggaren 4, all of which are located in Västra Hamnen (the Western Harbour). The increased availability of vacant premises may well act as a brake on rent increases for the foreseeable future
» There has been a slight increase in vacancy rate, which has reached 6.9%, as against 6.6% for the previous year. Rental levels for prime rent in the Central Business District (CBD) dropped slightly to SEK 2,013/m²/year compared to SEK 2,050/m²/year for the previous year
» A major investment project came on the market in October with the opening of Steen & Ström’s Emporia shopping centre in Hyllie, providing 93,000 square metres of rental space for retail outlets, restaurants, cafés and offices. A lot of businesses new to Malmö have premises here
» Skanska has sold the congress and hotel components of Malmö Live, due for completion in 2015, to AFA, and NCC has sold Nya Triangeln, comprising offices, retail outlets and housing accommodation, to Vasakronan. Wihlborgs has acquired Baltzar City, and Balder has purchased a hotel property (the Renaissance)
» During 2012, 1,363 new homes were completed; 85% of them in multi-dwelling buildings and 15% as single-family homes
» Averaging over the last ten years, each year saw the start of construction of 1,000 new homes in Malmö. An unusually large proportion of the new-build projects for 2012 involved rental accommodation, probably due to the uncertain economic climate. Within existing housing stock there has also been a very evident decline in the number of conversions from rental to co-operative accommodation over recent years
» The level of planning approvals continues to be good, making it possible to start construction on 2,000 new homes in 2013. However, due to the economic climate, it is estimated that construction will only start on around half of these. The areas in question are mainly Västra Hamnen, Hyllie and Norra Sorgenfri
» Despite the poor economic climate and the fact that housing construction is generally at a low ebb nationally, more homes have been built in Malmö during 2012 than was anticipated. The number of new-builds started is also slightly more than for 2011
» Balanced housing construction is one of the housing policy objectives of the City of Malmö, representing an important component in the development of an integrated city
» There were 153,236 employees in Malmö in 2012 – an increase of 3,411 or 2.3% compared to the previous year
» The upward trend in the number of employees began to pick up again after the summer of 2011, having stagnated for a few years due to the economic crisis in Europe and the rest of the world
» The last year has seen an increase led by consultancy businesses, followed by graphic design, transport/warehousing and construction, as well as among interest and lobby groups. There are fewer employees in the electricity, gas and heating sector, and in the wholesale trade in general
» Swedish private sector companies with the exception of corporations are showing the greatest increase, followed by companies in foreign ownership. There is a decrease in the number of employees in state-owned businesses. In terms of legal form of enterprise, the greatest increase is in limited companies
» The number of employees has increased by 23% in 10 years. A long-term positive trend is evident within business services, IT and computer consultancies, the hotel and restaurant trade, education and commerce
PHO
TO: S
ARA
BER
GM
AN
, KN
ITTE
D M
AP
OF
MA
LMÖ
GrowthGrowth
16 17
Population Malmö Population Skåne Population Sweden
Workforce Malmö Workforce Skåne Workforce Sweden
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
%
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
201020112012
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
Thousands
New vacancies
0
100
200
300
400
500
201020112012
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
Number
Number of bankruptcies
0
200
400
600
800
1 000
1 200
20082009201020112012
2013
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
SEK million
Investments Forecast
0
50
100
150
200
250
201020112012
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
SEK billion
Turnover, excl. VAT
New vacanciesUnemployment New companies Bankruptcies Industrial investments
Turnover
0
500
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
201020112012
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
Previous calculation method
Number of new companies
Number
Average per year. People aged 16–64 registered with the Public Employment Service as a percentage of the registered workforce. (1997–2007 = as a percentage of the population)
New company = new start-up from scratch, or a business that has resumed after being dormant for at least two years
From 2010 onwards the statistics have been based on registration data instead of on direct collection of information. New activation criteria have been applied, along with a new basis for calculating the number of employees.
» The job market has only experienced weak growth, and unemployment in Malmö increased compared to 2011; it is expected to remain at current levels or reach a slightly higher level in 2013. The Danish labour market, which is an important additional source of potential employment for job seekers from Skåne, is also suffering, and there has been less commuting to work across the strait
» In 2012, the number of unemployed registered with the Public Employment Service in Malmö (16–64 age group) was 19,200, i.e. 14.0% of the workforce. Of those without employment, 43.1% were women and 56.9% were men
» Youth unemployment stood at 23.0%; on average 3,600 young people (18–24 age group) were registered as unemployed with the Public Employment Service in Malmö
» Compared to 2011, unemployment increased by 0.4% in Malmö (16–64 age group), by 0.3% in Skåne and by 0.1% in the rest of Sweden. For young people (18–24 age group), unemployment increased very slightly in Malmö, but fell slightly in Skåne and the rest of the country
» Since 2008, unemployment has been reported as a proportion of the workforce; this gives a higher figure than if it were reported as a proportion of the population
» 26,634 new vacancies were reported to the Public Employment Service in Malmö in 2012; a decrease of 8.5% compared to the previous year
» On average, 73 new vacancies were reported every day throughout the year
» After the financial crisis, the number of vacancies reported rose again during 2010 and 2011, but during the second half of 2012, demand fell and the positive trend was reversed. Nevertheless, the number of new vacancies is still at a high level in historical terms
» 2012 saw a marked increase in demand in the field of culture/entertainment/leisure/other services; commerce has also experienced a degree of growth
» Demand in the public sector fell significantly during 2012 compared to the previous year, as it also did in finance/insurance and IT, though to a lesser degree
» During the last 10 years, the number of vacancies reported has more than doubled. The sectors posting the biggest increases in percentage terms are telecommunications, culture/entertainment/leisure/other services and construction, whereas the public sector and the hotel/restaurant trade have experienced the greatest reductions
» About 2,200 new businesses are started per year (average over last 10 years). In 2012, there were eight new start-ups a day
» There were 2,811 new business start-ups in Malmö in 2012; a very high number despite being lower than the previous year – 2011 had seen the highest number of new business start-ups ever! Stockholm, Gothenburg and the country in general also posted a similar decrease
» 62% of the new companies were sole proprietorships and 32% were limited companies; which meant an increase in limited companies
» The new companies employed 3,233 people (approximately 1.2 per company)
» The industries that grew most over the year were advertising/marketing and finance/insurance/real estate services
» There were 13.9 start-ups for every 1000 inhabitants in Malmö. Compared with 18.4 in Stockholm, 12.3 in Gothenburg and 11.5 in Sweden as a whole; the business climate in Malmö is excellent, and for several years the city has enjoyed high rankings for business creation in Sweden
» 68% of the companies established in Sweden in 2008 were still in business three years later (survival rate)
» For every company that goes bankrupt, there are seven new company start-ups (average over last 10 years)
» Approximately 320 bankruptcies per year. Fewer than one bankruptcy per day (average over last 10 years)
» The number of bankruptcies increased in 2009 due to the global financial crisis and subsequent recession of 2008. The number decreased to some extent during the years after the crisis, and there were slightly fewer bankruptcies again during the course of 2012
» 2010 and 2011 also saw a recovery in Sweden generally, including in Stockholm and Gothenburg. Nevertheless, during 2012 the number of bankruptcies in Sweden as a whole, as well as in Stockholm and Gothenburg, rose again
» 343 bankruptcies in Malmö in 2012, occurring within several sectors; an increase compared to the previous year can be noted in culture/entertainment/leisure and a decrease in credit institutions/insurance companies, as well as industry in general. The increase is greatest in companies with 20–49 employees.
» In recent years, limited companies have accounted for the increase, but the level has fallen over the last year. The sectors that show an increased number of bankruptcies during the last five years are real estate companies, construction and transport and warehousing
Industry = SNI code B+C i.e. “extraction of minerals” and “manufacturing”.
» There was less private-sector investment in Malmö during 2012. Despite the reduction, investments remain at a high level. The level of investment in 2011 was the highest within the period of measurement
» Industries in Malmö invested SEK 826 million in 2012, a 13% reduction compared to the previous year; the biggest decline in percentage terms related to machinery and equipment
» In Sweden as a whole, industrial investment increased by 10% compared to the previous year. The biggest increase in investment volume for 2012 came from the mining, transport equipment and electronic goods industries. Among those sectors which posted reduced investment volumes were steel and metals production and the timber products industry
» The outlook for Malmö in 2013 shows a projected level of investment of SEK 592 million, i.e. a significant rise in investment is expected; a few months into 2013 the forecast was revised upwards slightly
» For Sweden as a whole, the original projection for 2013 was unchanged compared to 2012, but a few months into 2013 the forecast was revised down slightly
» Turnover for 2012 was SEK 256 billion, which is the highest amount posted over the period of measurement, representing a marginal increase compared to the previous year
» After several years of strong growth, turnover dropped over the 2009–2010 period due to the economic downturn. Now turnover in Malmö has recovered and is at a higher level than during the record years of 2006–2008
» During the last 10 years, turnover in Malmö has increased by 40%
» Two sectors of the economy that have shown a significant increase over the last year are waste management and civil authorities/defence
» Other sectors that have posted an increase in turnover are construction, culture/entertainment/sports and the food industry
» Two sectors where there has been a significant drop in turnover over the year just gone are stationery and computers/electronic products
Investments Forecast
GrowthGrowth
18 19
Growth and confidence in the future
2001 2010 2011
10-year trend
Trend vs. previous
yearStockholm 531,912 589,796 606,173 74,261 14% 16,377 2.8%
Gothenburg 269,254 300,886 308,919 39,665 15% 8,033 2.7%
Malmö 134,577 154,446 158,261 23,684 18% 3,815 2.5%
Lund 56,353 66,154 66,753 10,400 18% 599 0.9%
Helsingborg 56,204 63,343 64,909 8,705 15% 1,566 2.5%
Skåne 488,396 537,594 550,077 61,681 13% 12,483 2.3%
Sweden 4,091,079 4,392,720 4,505,600 414,521 10% 112,880 2.6%
Geographical trends, workforce
» There is a positive trend for workforce numbers in Malmö
» The proportion of the workforce with workplace in Malmö has increased by 18% in 10 years
» In Sweden as a whole, the workforce increased by 10% during the 10-year period; the corresponding figure for Stockholm is 14%, Gothenburg 15% and Skåne 13%
Malmö is a city with a thriving economy, strong growth, and great confidence in the future.
In the 1990s, however, the city went through a tough period; several industries were shut down and the active workforce shrank. During the same period the decision was taken to build the Öresund Bridge (opened 2000) and to establish Malmö University (founded 1998), two of the many initiatives that have contributed to Malmö’s transformation from an industrial town into a knowledge city.
» 48% of the workforce are women and 52% are men
» Hotels and restaurants, and financial and insurance services are the sectors with the most even gender distribution; in both, 48% are women and 52% are men
» Healthcare and social services have the largest proportion of women, and the construction industry has the largest proportion of men
Distribution by gender
Trend for workforce, daytime population
Workforce (16+ years) with workplace in Malmö. The figures include both owners of sole proprietorships and employees in all forms of enterprise. RAMS SCB.
1960
1970
1980
1986
1988
1990
1994
1996
1998
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
1992
2000
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
Thousands
128
137140
146
118
143
149 149
154158
151
111
» After a slight downturn in 2009, the workforce has increased again over the last two years and is now at an all-time high
» Malmö was the place of employment for 158,261 of the workforce
» There has been an increase of 2.5% compared to the previous year, with an increase of 18% over ten years
» Over the last 10 years, the increase has mainly been in business services and education; there has been a decrease in manufacturing
Workforce by industry
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Percent, %
Business s
ervices
Commerce
Healthcare, so
cial se
rvices
Education
Manufacturing and extra
ction
Constructio
n activity
Informatio
n and communica
tion
Transport and warehousin
g
Public administr
ation and defence
Cultural and perso
nal service
s
Hotel and resta
urant busin
ess
Financial and insurance se
rvices
Real estate activ
ities
Energy supply, enviro
nmental service
s
Agricultu
re, forestr
y and �sheries
Unknown business
Malmö SwedenIndustry sectors sorted in descending order of size. Workforce, daytime population 2011 (16+ years). RAMS SCB. SNI 2007.
From industrial town to knowledge city » Today a large number of people work
in various knowledge-intensive service industries in Malmö; only 7% work in manufacturing, which is a lower figure than for Sweden as a whole, where 13% work in manufacturing
» Malmö has the highest percentage working in business services (16%), followed by commerce (15%), healthcare and social services (13%), and education (9%)
» In 2010 business services overtook commerce to become the biggest employment sector in Malmö
» Over half (53%) work in the four major groups listed above
» Sweden as a whole differs from Malmö in terms of which areas have the largest workforce; in Sweden, the largest group is healthcare and social services (16%), followed by manufacturing (13%)
Turning Torso is Sweden’s highest building (190 metres) Photo: Leif Johansson X-RAY
WorkforceWorkforce
20 21
1994–2008 SNI 2002, 2009–2012 SNI 2007 1994–2008 SNI 2002, 2009–2012 SNI 2007 1994–2008 SNI 2002, 2009–2012 SNI 2007 1994–2008 SNI 2002, 2009–2012 SNI 2007
“Other business services” includes, for example, legal, economic, architectural and technical consultancy businesses, advertising and market research, staffing and recruitment, call centres, local healthcare and other consultancy services to businesses.
The number of employees does not include owners of sole proprietorships, only employees
0
2 000
4 000
6 000
8 000
10 000
12 000
14 000
16 000
18 000
1994 1995
1996 1997
1998 1999
2000 2001 2002
2003 2004
2005 2006
2007 2008
2009 2010 2011
2012
Agriculture, forestry and �sheries Manufacturing
Energy, water, waste, etc. Construction
0
2 000
4 000
6 000
8 000
10 000
12 000
14 000
16 000
18 000
20 000
22 000
24 000
1994 1995
1996 1997
1998 1999
2000 2001 2002
2003 2004
2005 2006
2007 2008
2009 2010 2011
2012
Commerce Transport and warehousing
Hotels and restaurants Culture and entertainment
0
2 000
4 000
6 000
8 000
10 000
12 000
14 000
16 000
18 000
20 000
22 000
1994 1995
1996 1997
1998 1999
2000 2001 2002
2003 2004
2005 2006
2007 2008
2009 2010 2011
2012
Finance and insurance Information and communication
IT and computer Other business services
Rentals, property services, travel services and other support services
Property companies and administrators
Law, economics, science and technology
0
2 000
4 000
6 000
8 000
10 000
12 000
20 000
22 000
24 000
26 000
14 000
16 000
18 000
1994 1995
1996 1997
1998 1999
2000 2001 2002
2003 2004
2005 2006
2007 2008
2009 2010 2011
2012
Education + R&D Civil authorities and defence
Healthcare, social services
Data from 2009 onwards is based on the new categorisation of industry sectors. This is why there is a break in the chronological sequences in the graphs. Furthermore, in those cases where the industry sector name before and after 2009 is the same, such as in the case of “manufacturing”, there may have been a
change in the categorisation principle on which this is based. This is why data based on the new and old categorisation of industry sectors cannot be compared. To give an idea of the long-term trend, we have chosen to retain the old definitions and present these here.
Industry trend (number of employees)
Percentage change, 2009–2012 » The sectors with the largest percentage increase in the
number of employees during the period are law/economics/science/technology and the hotels and restaurant trade
» Transport and warehousing, healthcare and social services, civil authorities/defence and education also indicate increases of more than 10%
» Industry sectors where there has been a fall in employment are construction, agriculture/forestry/fisheries, manufacturing and information/communication
Long-term trendsDue to changes in the way industry sectors are categorised, no detailed long-term analysis is feasible; we can only provide a brief summary of the general trend.
» A long-term positive trend is evident within business services, IT and computer consultancies, the hotel and restaurant trade, education and commerce
» A downward trend is evident within manufacturing and agriculture/forestry/fisheries
WorkforceWorkforce
22 23
0
5 000
10 000
15 000
20 000
25 000
30 000
35 000
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
0
20 000
40 000
60 000
80 000
100 000
120 000
140 000
160 000
Places of employment Employees
Data for November of each year The increase in 2011 is due to changes in status rules adopted in 2010 and 2011 designed to adjust for over and under-coverage in the company register.
It’s all systems go for enterprise in Malmö The number of employees does not include owners
of sole proprietorships, only employees.
Legal entity 1997 2012 Change 1997 2012 Change
Limited company 8,467 13,275 4,808 57% 72,827 100,319 27,492 38%Sole proprietorship 8,178 14,190 6,012 74% 703 2,032 1,329 189%General and limited partnership 1,958 2,097 139 7% 2,243 1,944 -299 -13%
Other, public sector 816 866 50 6% 30,051 40,218 10,167 34%
Other 1,642 2,593 951 58% 8,636 8,723 87 1%
Total 21,061 33,021 11,960 57% 114,460 153,236 38,776 34%
The number of employees does not include owners of sole proprietorships, only employees.
Places of employment Employees
Sole proprietorship
General and limited partnership
Limited company
Other public sector
Other
43%
40%
6%
3%8%
Legal form of enterprise
Malmö is home to many new start-ups, and established businesses are opting to relocate their operations to the city. The number of places of employment has sharply increased and today’s corporate structure largely consists of small and medium-sized enterprises.
Definition of the number of employees = daytime population, i.e. the number of people employed in Malmö (excluding owners of sole proprietorships) who earned at least one basic amount per year, or who worked as temporary employees for more than three months
Photo: Leif Johansson X-RAY
Trend, number of places of employment » By the end of 2012 Malmö had 153,236 employees at 33,021 places of employment
» The number of employees and the number of places of employment have both increased significantly
» The number of employees in Malmö has increased by 34% in 15 years
» The number of places of employment has increased by an impressive 57% over 15 years
» 43% of places of employment were sole proprietorships and 40% were in the limited company category, the two most common forms of business enterprise in Malmö
» The number of places of employment in the sole proprietorship category has increased considerably in 15 years, an increase of 74%, and the number in the limited company category has increased by 57%
» The establishment of many new companies reflects the conducive business climate in Malmö and the change that the city has undergone from a structure with a number of large companies to one with many smaller firms
» Limited companies account for the largest proportion of employees; the number of employees in limited companies has increased by 38% in 15 years
Corporate structure Corporate structure
24 25
Governance 2002 2012 Change 2002 2012 Change
State-owned 283 179 -104 -37% 15,139 13,858 -1,281 -8%
Municipal 673 739 66 10% 19,860 22,507 2,647 13%
County council 77 84 7 9% 8,882 10,228 1,346 15%
Private Swedish, without group 18,605 25,949 7,344 39% 23,752 29,793 6,041 25%
Private Swedish, with group 2,888 4,131 1,243 43% 36,986 40,914 3,928 11%
Foreign 1,085 1,939 854 79% 20,127 35,936 15,809 79%
Total 23,611 33,021 9,410 40% 124,746 153,236 28,490 23%
Processed data on foreign-owned enterprises in 2011 (source: Swedish Agency for Growth Policy) are on the next page
Places of employment Employees
Sector 0 empl. 1–2 3–9 10–49 50–249 250–499 500+ Total
Agriculture, forestry and fisheries 737 29 11 1 778
Manufacturing 601 187 205 133 41 2 1 1,170
Energy, water, waste, etc. 52 11 14 13 10 1 101
Construction 1,023 388 222 154 40 1 1,828
Commerce 2,491 985 1,077 484 65 3 5,106
Transport and warehousing 391 302 151 99 21 8 2 974
Hotels and restaurants 387 312 292 137 9 1,137
Information and communication 1,631 371 242 130 46 2 2,422
Financial and insurance services 435 90 104 40 10 1 680
Real estate activities 2,196 392 140 49 8 2,785
Law, economics, science and technology 4,457 1,136 536 238 43 2 6,412
Rental, real estate, travel and support services 809 287 211 129 61 5 3 1,505
Public administration, defence, etc. 4 12 32 34 36 5 2 125
Education 586 95 169 239 67 3 1,159
Healthcare, social services 753 276 270 271 53 3 4 1,630
Culture, entertainment and recreation 2,219 201 110 49 9 1 2,589
Other services 1,665 355 180 59 8 2,267
Other 333 15 6 354
Total 20,770 5,444 3,972 2,259 527 37 12 33,021
2012. SNI 2007. The number of employees does not include owners of sole proprietorships.
Number of places of employment by number of employees
Foreign-owned places of employment
0
200
400
600
800
1 000
1 200
1 400
1 600
1 800
Foreign-owned places of employment
Employees in foreign-owned companies
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2010
0
4 000
8 000
12 000
16 000
20 000
24 000
28 000
32 000
36 000
2010 2011
Number of foreign-owned places of employment
The Öresund Bridge between
Sweden and Denmark was inaugurated
in 2000
Number of foreign-owned places of employment by country
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Rest of the worldRest of Europe
FranceLuxembourgFinland
The NetherlandsUSAGermany
United KingdomNorway
Denmark
Foreign-owned places of employment by country (2011)
281
194
161
134119
9610585
56
140127
» 70% were employed in the private sector and 30% in the public sector
» The number of employees has increased by 23% since 2002, mainly in the private sector
» The number of employees increased most in foreign-owned places of employment, up 79% since 2002; foreign-owned companies also include some companies popularly considered “Swedish”, but registered abroad
» Malmö’s economy is largely composed of small and medium-sized enterprises, a structure which is also typical of Sweden as a whole
» A large proportion of the places of employment in Malmö have no employees
» Malmö has a mixed economy that includes many different sectors, giving the city a solid and diversified base
» The service sector has increased significantly over the last 10–15 years and is now an important contributor to the economy
» 97% of the Swedish economy is based on what are known as micro-enterprises, having fewer than 10 employees and accounting for nearly a quarter of added value in the economy in 2011
» Big companies with 250 or more employees accounted for just 0.1% of the number of companies, but delivered 40% of the added value in the Swedish economy
» Service companies employed 65% of the employees and accounted for 59% of added value in Sweden
Malmö’s largest foreign-owned companies include Manpower, Pågen, ISS Facility Services, Arriva, G4S, Logica, ABB, Trygg-Hansa, E.ON and IKEA.
» 32,007 people worked in 1,498 foreign-owned places of employment in Malmö (2011)
» 5% of Malmö’s places of employment were foreign-owned (excluding the public sector)
» 31% of Malmö’s employees work in foreign-owned companies (excluding the public sector)
» The number of foreign-owned places of employment has increased by 43% in 10 years
» The number of employees in foreign-owned places of employment has increased by 53% in 10 years
» 1,087 places of employment had employees
» 527 places of employment had 10 or more employees
» 71 places of employment had 100 or more employees
» The largest investor countries in terms of the number of foreign-owned places of employment were: Denmark (19%), Norway (13%), UK (11%) and Germany (9%).
» The largest number of places of employment were in commerce, real estate, business services and communications
Corporate structure Corporate structure
26 27
Malmö’s trade and industry policy vision
Malmö’s profile areasIn promoting local trade and industry, Malmö focuses on a number of profile areas where the city’s strengths are considered especially relevant in terms of delivering more jobs and growth. You can find out more at www.malmobusiness.com under “Profile areas”.
» 39 countries took part in this, the 58th Eurovision Song Contest
» 1,700 journalists were present
» It was watched by 173 million TV viewers across the world
» We hosted 48,100 visitors just for the Eurovision Song Contest
» There were visitors from around 70 countries
» 560 volunteers were involved
» The estimated media value was SEK 1.1 billion
» The event generated turnover of SEK 185 million in Malmö and Skåne
» In terms of resulting employment it created the equivalent of 130 full-time jobs
2013 Eurovision Song ContestThe Eurovision Song Contest was held in Malmö from 12 to 18 May. This high-profile event has had a positive impact on the city and its economy.
Cleantech
Life Science
Logistics
Commerce
New Media
Malm
ö’s seven profi le areas:
Hospitality industry
Head offices
We intend to make Malmö the most inventive and inquisitive city in the Öresund Region, so that it is a uniquely inspiring location in which to set up, run and develop a business.
Sources:Business Register (Statistics Sweden)
European Spallation Source
Femern A/S
Jones Lang LaSalle
Malmö University
Statistics Sweden
Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth
Swedish Agency for Growth Policy
Swedish Public Employment Service
Örestat
Öresund Bridge
Öresund Committee
All graphs in this brochure refer to Malmö. The analyses have been produced in collaboration with the following departments of the City of Malmö: Department of Urban Planning, Department for Integration and Labour Market, and Malmö Tourism.
Print run: 1,500
Design & production: W Communication Agency (www.justw.com)
Printing: Holmbergs
Publisher: Pehr Andersson, Director, Trade and Industry Agency, City of Malmö
Editor and analyst: Sara Bergman, Trade and Industry Agency, City of Malmö
Trade and Industry AgencyVisiting address Lugna gatan 84Mailing address City of Malmö, SE-205 80 Malmö, SwedenTelephone +46 (0)40 34 17 00 • Fax +46 (0)40 611 27 [email protected]
The straight facts! The purpose of Malmö Snapshot is to provide all stakeholders in trade and industry in Malmö with straight facts and transparent statistics – companies in Malmö, companies planning to move to Malmö, and others who wish to follow business community developments.
» The report is available in Swedish and English
» Read and download the digital version from our website
» More information and statistics are available on our website www.malmobusiness.com
COVER PICTURE: 2013 EUROVISION SONG CONTEST IN MALMÖ ARENA PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON XRAY
Malmö Snapshot was one of five finalists for the Swedish Publishing Award in the Reports category
