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SCM 000081 Manivanan A/L Kannan SCM 008655 Chin Jun You SCM 001796 Gayathri

Malaysian studies slide

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Page 1: Malaysian studies slide

SCM 000081 Manivanan A/L Kannan

SCM 008655 Chin Jun You

SCM 001796 Gayathri

Page 2: Malaysian studies slide

INTRODUCTION

Vision 2020 is a declaration of the strategic intent of the Malaysian Government in its 30 years' quest for an industrialised country. The reiteration of the Honourable Former Prime Minister Tun Dr Mahathir bin Mohamad at the inaugural meeting of the Malaysian Business Council on 28 February 1991 of the necessity of making Malaysia Incorporated a reality by emphasised the importance of the Malaysia Incorporated Policy as one of the desired strategies to achieve the objective of Vision 2020. The Malaysia Incorporated Policy is a strategy for the attainment of a competitive, dynamic, robust and resilient economy. It stresses the need to define, develop a new pattern of behaviour, thinking and interaction via the public private sector relationship.

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Vision 2020

The purpose of this paper is to present before you some thoughts on the future course of our nation and how we should go about to attain our objective of developing Malaysia into an industrialized country. Also outlined are some measures that should be in place in the shorter term so that the foundations can be laid for the long journey towards that ultimate objective. The ultimate objective that we should aim for is a Malaysia that is a fully developed country by the year 2020.

Do we want to be like any particular country of the present 19 countries that are generally regarded as 'developed countries'? Do we want to be like the United Kingdom, like Canada, like Holland, like Sweden, like Finland, like Japan?

Malaysia should not be developed only in the economic sense. It must be a nation that is fully developed along all the dimensions: economically, politically, socially, spiritually, psychologically and culturally.

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Malaysia as a Fully Developed Country –

One Definition

By the year 2020, Malaysia can be a united nation, with a confident Malaysian society, infused by strong moral and ethical values, living in a society that is democratic, liberal and tolerant, caring, economically just and equitable, progressive and prosperous, and in full possession of an economy that is competitive, dynamic, robust and resilient.

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Challenges

Tun Mahathir outlined nine strategic challenges that Malaysia must overcome to achieve Vision 2020.

Challenge 1: Establishing a united Malaysian nation made up of one Bangsa Malaysia (Malaysian Race).

Challenge 2: Creating a psychologically liberated, secure and developed Malaysian society. Challenge 3: Fostering and developing a mature democratic society. Challenge 4: Establishing a fully moral and ethical society. Challenge 5: Establishing a matured liberal and tolerant society. Challenge 6: Establishing a scientific and progressive society. Challenge 7: Establishing a fully caring society. Challenge 8: Ensuring an economically just society, in which there is a fair and equitable

distribution of the wealth of the nation. Challenge 9: Establishing a prosperous society with an economy that is fully competitive,

dynamic, robust and resilient. 

We have already come a long way towards the fulfilment of these objectives. The nine central objectives listed need not be our order of priorities over the next three decades. Most obviously, the priorities of any moment in time must meet the specific circumstances of that moment in time.

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The theme Song lyrics of vision 2020Wawasan 2020 is also a patriotic song on the same idea sung in Malay. The song was composed by Akbar Nawab.Original lyrics

Bendera berkibar di angkasaLambang negara jayaRakyat sepakat sehati sejiwaTekad berbakti dengan megahHadapi cabaran masa mukaPenuh tenaga murniBakti dicurah searah-sehalaDengan wawasan yang suciWawasan meningkat kemajuanTiada lagi kepincanganKemewahan rata dirasaiBersama kita nikmatiWawasan 2020Satu pandangan jauhBukan impian malah kenyataanBersama kita jayakan

English translation

Flags waving in the skySymbol of our great countryPeople united in one mindContributing in prideFacing the challenges in the futureFull of sincere energyContributing for one purposeWith a pure visionThe vision boosts developmentNo more defectsLuxury is equally feltTogether we enjoy itVision 2020A far viewNot a dream but realityTogether we achieve it

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The Development Policy Vision 2020 New Economic Policy Malaysia Incorporated Policy

Establishing a Competitive Economy Privatization Policy Human Resource Development Knowledge-Based Economy Rural Development

Sectoral Policies Agriculture

Industry & Economic Services ICT Tourism Science and Technology Distributive Trade Manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Finance Infrastructure and Utilities Social Services Energy

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New Economic Policy

The launching of the New Economic Policy (NEP) in 1971 was a watershed in the Malaysian economic policy history. The NEP underscored the importance of achieving socio-economic goals alongside pursuing economic growth objectives as a way of creating harmony and unity in a nation with many ethnic and religious groups. The overriding goal was national unity. To achieve this goal, two major strategies were adopted:

To reduce absolute poverty irrespective of race through raising income levels and increasing employment opportunities for all Malaysians; and

To restructure society to correct economic imbalances so as to reduce and eventually eliminate the identification of race with economic function.

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Malaysia Incorporated Policy

The Malaysia Incorporated concept was first announced by the Prime Minister in 1983 and it represents a new way of approaching the task of national development. Both the public and private sectors adopt the idea that the nation is a corporate or business entity, jointly owned by both sectors and working together in pursuit of a common mission of the nation.

Establishing a Competitive Economy

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Privatization Policy

The privatisation policy was first announced as a national policy by the Government in 1983. It represents a new approach in the national development policy and complements other national policies such as the Malaysia Incorporated policy, developed to underscore the increased role of the private sector in the development of the Malaysian economy.

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Human Resource Development

Expanding the supply of highly skilled and knowledgeable manpower to support the development of a knowledge based economy based on education and training. The education system will be re-oriented to enable students to acquire a higher level of explicit knowledge as well as thinking and entrepreneurial skills. Educational facilities will be increased through the construction of centralized schools in remote areas as well adequate facilities, infrastructure and trained teachers. Reinforcing positive values. Efforts will be intensified to inculcate and reinforce positive values through the educational and training system. These values include good work ethics, diligence, integrity, tolerance, gratitude, respect for authority, punctuality and pursuit of excellence are characteristics of a high quality workforce.

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Knowledge-Based Economy 

The knowledge-based economy is the basis to sustain a rapid rate of economic growth and enhance international competitiveness to achieve Vision 2020. The development thrusts for the knowledge-based economy are set out in the Third Outline Perspective Plan(OPP3).the motive is to Build the basis of knowledge based manpower and Intensifying S&T and R&D initiatives towards strengthening the national innovation system.

In addition, the Knowledge-based Economy Master Plan (KEMP) launched in 2002 contains 136 recommendations encompassing human resource development, information structure, incentives, science and technology development, reorientation of the private and public sectors as well as addressing the digital divide.

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Rural Development

To intensify development in rural area and narrow economic gap between urban and rural areas.

To increase access of the rural community to generate better income through various cottage and craft industries.

To expand and increase credit facilities for agriculture related trade and services

To further improve the quality of life of the rural population through increasing physical and social infrastructure as well as to improve rural health and education facility.

 

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Agriculture

The agriculture sector plays an increasingly important role in the national economy through its contribution to the national income and export earnings and creation of employment. The sector is also a major supplier of food as well as raw materials to resource based industries.

ICT

Focus will be made towards achieving world-class performance, in terms of services availability, affordability and productivity. To facilitate Malaysian companies to compete globally, ICT will be used as a key enabler especially in critical sectors such as banking and finance, logistic, manufacturing and key services.

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Tourism

Tourism industry in Malaysia has been identified as a key driver in the services sector. The tourism sector is assuming a greater role in stimulating the economy during the Eighth Plan period.

The overall policy thrust of the tourism sector is to achieve sustainable tourism growth to realise the full potential of employment and impact of income-generation at the national, state and local levels. A holistic and integrated approach that leverages on innovation and vitality of the private sector, the hospitality, courtesy and civic-consciousness of the public as well as the support of the Government is essential to elevate the tourism industry to a higher level of achievement.

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Science and Technology

As a nation with relatively limited resources, Malaysia has to ensure that every investment made in developing Science and Technology (S&T) achieves desired results and high rates of return.

The allocation of resources should be parallel to the national priorities for the country’s transformation into a knowledge-driven economy so as to maximise economic and social returns. In this regard, the Second National Science and Technology Policy provides a framework to enhance productivity and sustain growth as well as to strengthen synergistic partnership among the Government agencies, industries, universities and research institutions.

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Distributive Trade

Efforts to modernize, strengthen and enhance competitiveness of the distributive trade will be pursued to ensure sustainable development in a globalised and liberalized environment. Measures will also be undertaken to provide an enabling administrative and legislative environment.The main thrust of the development of the financial sector is to enhance the resilience, efficiency and competitiveness of the sector to contribute towards sustainable economic growth.

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Infrastructure and Utilities

Infrastructure and Utilities Development Strategies:-

Emphasise long-term integrated planning and coordinated implementation of projects.

Provide comprehensive range of infrastructural facilities and amenities.

Encourage the use of public transport and intelligent transport systems to reduce congestion.

Increase efficiency, productivity and reliability of service.

Ensure the availability of reliable infrastructure facilities and services at reasonable costs, such as Roads & Bridges, Urban Transport & Rail, Ports, Airports, Communications, Water & Sewerage.

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Social Services

To provide and improve the coverage of quality social services in areas such as education, housing, health and family development. These sectorial policies are translated into programmes and projects aimed at enhancing quality of life of all Malaysians.

 

Energy

The National Energy Policy was formulated to achieve the following objectives:

Ensuring adequate, secure, quality and cost-effective supply of energy; Promoting efficient utilization of energy; and Ensuring factors pertaining to environment protection are taken into

consideration in the production and utilization of energy. In support of the above policy, the National Depletion Policy was formulated

with the aim of conserving energy resources, particularly oil and gas. Meanwhile, the Four-Fuel Diversification

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Conclusion

Revisions to the vision:-

In view of changing global conditions amid the Financial Crisis of 2007 - 2010, Prime Minister Najib Tun Razak had in August 2009, said that there was now a need to redefine and recalibrate the vision in terms of how to achieve it, as well as its timeline. Najib, who said that it was necessary for Malaysia to undertake bold economic reforms, had tasked the National Economic Advisory Council (NEAC) to carry out a review of the vision. The NEAC is expected to publish its report by end 2009, with a second report on implementation 6 months after that. Najib also said that in order for Malaysia to achieve a developed nation status by 2020, the country has to grow at an annual rate of 8% over the next 10 years. He cited that a lower hypothetical growth of 6% per annum would delay Malaysia's vision to become a developed country by 10 years to 2030. Malaysia’s GDP growth rate averaged 7.2% per annum in the 1990s, and slowed to 5.4% per annum in the following decade. A