Malayalam Patavali

7/30/2019 Malayalam Patavali

1/49

aebmfw

tIc-f-km

hnZym- ym-kh-Ipv2009

mtUUv

VIII

ASn-m\]mTm-hen


2/49

Prepared by :

State Council of EducationalResearch and Training (SCERT)Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram - 12, Kerala.Website www.scertkerala.gov.ine-mail [email protected]

Government of Kerala Department of Education 2009

tZiobKm\w

P\-K-W-a-\- A-[n-\m-bI Pbtl

`mc-X `m-Ky-hn-[mXm,

]m-_-knp KpP-dm admTm

{ZmhnU DXv-e- _w-Km,

hny-ln-am-N-e b-ap\mKwKm,

De Pe-[nX-cwKm,

Xh-ip-`-\mta PmtK,

Xh-ip` Bin-j am-tK,

Kmtl Xh- P-b- KmYm

P\-K-W-aw-K-e-Zm-bI Pbtl

`mc-X- `m-Ky-hn-[mXm.

Pb-tl, Pb-tl, Pb-tl,

Pb Pb Pb Pbtl!


3/49

{]nbhnZymYn-I-tf,

aebmfns hnimeamb temItp \nsf

kzmKXw sNpp.

amXr`mjbpsS alnabpw a[pchpw

ASpdnbm\p AhkcamWnXv.

hmbnpw Nnnpw ]phpw \app aptdmw.

a\n sXfnbp ]pXnb Bib

aphsc Adnbnt?a\pI Xnep sFIyw insSpp

_enjvTamb NcSmWv `mj.

XeapdIfmbn \psS ]qhnI Hcpqnh

NnIfpw A\p`qXnIfpw kzamm Cu ]T\w

\s klmbnpw.

\psS `mh\bpw Nnbpw B ]mccyn

CWntpIbpw sNmw.

kvt\lm-iw-k-I-tfmsS,

s{]m^. Fw.F. JmZUbdIvS

Fkv.kn.C.B.Sn.


4/49

kwm\ hnZym`ymk KthjW ]cnioe\ kanXn(SCERT)hnZym`h, ]qPpc, Xncph\]pcw 695 012

AmZanIv tImUnt\

tUm. {ioIpamcn A _n.

]mT]pkvXI cN\

{io. AIv_ In

{ioaXn A\ne _n. \mb

{io. D Sn. sI.

{io. HmwImc\mY ]n.

tUm. ]n. tIfp

{io. {]Imi ]n. ]n.

{io. t{]aN{ ]n.

{io. _jo ]n.

{ioaXn {]aof ]n. sI.

{io. ss_Pp F.

{io. a[pkqZ\ kn.

{io. cLp\mYv Fw.

{io. {ioIpam kn.

{io. ktmjvIpam sI. sI.

hnZKv[

{io. Iev] \mcmbW

tUm. Ipn kpIpamc

Nn{XImcm

{io. cmPN{ sI. Fkv.

dPnIpam sI.

inev]imebn ]sSph

aebmfw VII I


5/49

1. ]pI tXSnag htm

inincnse Hmpacw

IYbnse {]IrXn

2. shfnns\smcp shfnw!In\mhpIfpsS Imew

kzmanPn

ipcn ip

3. Poh\ns s]mcpsh-sm--n

ag-bv-pdw

karnsb maamn am

DSw


6/49

mtUUv 8

7

Hmtcm amkhpw Hmtcm Znhkhpw hnNn{X -thjaWn {]IrXnbpsS tamln\nbmanhnsSbpv. CShmXnbpsS B\bpw IXn\bpw \nc ]qcw; anYp\w InSInse hj

atlmhw. AeXp, \pcIpn ]XsmgpIp mcXpg; a\n shsm

apmIp aeshmn. HmWpecnI, In\nemhv, Xpemmv, hrnIpfnav.

[\pamkns amqaWw; aIcInSmb kmytim`. Ipw`ao\qc, Imfth

eI, hnjppecn. hnNn{X -hWKt`Z. Cu ]cnkcfn CsXmw Hp thsd

s Ccp- v, Ccp cm{Xn. AXns apJ-p-ap-v Hcp hiy-I-e. cm{Xn-h-n-I-fpsS

Nqfwhnfn attXm temIs hnfnphcppp.

HmWmew, XncphmXncmew, the]qcfpsS Imew. ]pghnse t{X, Ipn

Ncnhnse ImhpI. Fmw {]tXyI AgIpapnbh; am[pcyw \ndh; X\n tIcf{Kmans BNmchnNmc hnImckwkvImc kucy. AXns hndbmWo \mSv. tXt\m

ep hph\mS mj Cu an hnfbpp. aebmfIhnp thp Blmcckkv

Cu {]IrXnhn`hfnepv.

(I-hn-bpsS Imm-Sp-I ]n. Ipncma\mb)

IhnbpsS hmpI {intm. {]IrXnbpsS at\mlmcnXIfpw `mhIIfpw Fm

etbpw IhnIp {]tNmZ\ambncpp.

]pI tXSn1


7/49

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

8

ag htm...sNdp-tcn

ssiesqPnp tKm]mscmcpwBebw Xnte ]qIptcw

apmcnsXtcpw apphm sIev]m

Iev]mtaL t]mphp.

""ImeamsXmcp Imep Imepw

\oe-h-em-l-I h-Xn-tm.

Fn-sX,''-n-s\ Ip-tm-sc-mcpw

Nnnp X-fn \n-t\cw

]mcn-p-\n-smcp ]mgn-Sn-\m-Z-m]mcnSsapw IpepnpS

hnhhm-c-WwX-psS ssItbmfw

hsagpp XpnIfpw

XqIn-p-S-o-X-m-Im-iw-X-nte

]mIn\no-Sn\ taL-samw.

]mgnSn tInp ss]Xsfmta

]mcw IcpXpSoXtm.


8/49

mtUUv 8

9

$ ""hImp hp hoXp XpSop

hIppIqsSpepnst

ImenIsfmta Nme -hndp

\oe-mhWs\ t\mn-\n-p.''

Ccw agmem\p`h \npapmhpw. Hcp A\p`hpdnv XbmdmpI.

$ tKm]m ssies ]qPnm CSbmb kmlNcyhpw XpSpmb kw`hhnIm

kfpw IYmcq]n BhnjvIcnpI.

$ ""hn-hhmc-W-wX-psS ssItbmfw

hsagpp XpnIfpw....'' Xpnsstbmfw hap agpn DmIptam?

Cu {]tbmKw IhnXbvv Aemc`wKn \IpsXs\sbv Isn FgpXpI.

Hn-t\m-sSmp Ie-p-\n-smcp

IpInSmfpata.

hImp hp hoXp XpSophIppIqsSpepnst

ImenIsfmta Nme hndp

\oe-mhWs\ t\mn-\n-q.

B\mb\mcnam XpJsamta

Zo\--fm-bvhp ]ns-ns.

\ XpSn\ hrmscmcpw\nps]mdpcpXmp sNt.

sapw hndp Xssbpw Xncpn\n

""tm''! sbn-s\ sNmp-g-m.

(IrjvWKmY)


9/49

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

10

Xtem cm{Xn av iambn s]bvXncp-p. "Dh-tdm--bn' \np kvIqfn-te-

p CSp-nb hgn-bm-Is, hnphnp

hoWncp t\cnb \ngen an Ahy

ambnmWp ImWsSpXv. Cu HbSnmX

-bnqSn kvIqSo kqnp \S-p.

km[m -cW jqkns aosX tcmaw

sImp thsdmcp jqkpw Ah

[cn-n-cp -p. A]-ISw ]Xn-bn-cn -p

inincnse Hmpacwbqdn \Ko-_n

an\np csSm Ftm thW

sanepw ImepI hensSpm Xbmdm

bn-mWv So \S--Xv.

kvIqfntev Ac\mgnI \Sm\p Zqcta

Dmbncppffq. Ah Hcp tcmapmbw

sImv tZlw ]pXv , hen -sbmcp

tcmaqhme-sImv Xe aqSn-bn-cp-p.

ap ITn-\-ambn s]bvXn-cp-p. Imv

Bphoin Ahsc ap-I-W-

""Acn-tbm-cWn]-embv kXn

smcp ]qhmI hnXn imJI,lcn\oeXrW Iogncp

cpfpw ]phncnpambnXp''

(Nn-m-hn-jvS-bmb koX-Ipamc\mim)

Ipi-e-h-m hmevaoInaljn-tbm-sSmw Atbm-[y-bn-te-p-t]m-btm,

B{i-a-n H-bvmb koX kao-]-p ]qtm- -n Nnm-abm-bn-

Ccpp. AhnsS ]qhmIbpsS imJI Ahv AWn]epw lcn\oeXrW

]phncnpambnop.

{]IrXn ]e `mhn \tmsSmapv. kmz\ambn, kwcIbmbn, Kpcphmbn, hnZymebambn....


10/49

mtUUv 8

11

sImv ASnapSn \\ncpp. Ccp]n\mev

hbpam{Xw {]mbamb Sov Cu ssi

Xyns ImTn\yw CjvSsp. Xs aqpw

Ihnfpw \pnsmncp, aptImns

Df-fnSv tZlw Ipn-p-fbv-p

Impw Ahn-jvS-am-bn. Imn\v FXntc

Xncn -p-t\m-n-b-tm Xs ]pdw

jqkns Iq A-ns ]mSp-I

an Ah Ip,

GtXm Hcp sImparKns ImmSp

It]mse. AXpw Ahp {]nbcambn

tm-n.

P\phcnamks DtjZmbIhpw Xnf

amXpamb B {]`mXw PohnXsn

bpw Xsnbpw ktmjtmsS Nnn

m Ahsc t{]cnn-p. cp-hjw

apmWv Ah tImtfPv hnZym-`ymkw

]qnbmnbXv. CXn\nsS ]cnNbk

bpw IrX-l-kvX-bp-amb Hcp So-dmbn

Ah AdnbsSm XpSnbncpp. P\

v Ah kp]-cn-Nn-Xbm-bn-cpp.Ahp SotdmSv hfsc aXnpmbncpp.

A hmkventbhv\ FmWv _lpam\

]qhw Ahsc Fmhcpw hnfnncpXv.

A hmkventbhv\bpsS BZys mkv

Amw Xcnembncpp. Ah mkn

{]thintmtgpw kvIq XpSpX

dnbnpsImp aWn apgnsmtbn

cpp. IpnI Fmhcpw Fgptv Sosd

A`n-hmZyw sNbvX-tijw Ah-c-h-cpsSm\v Ccn-pd-n-p. kmh-[m-\-n

Fmw \n-_vZ-am-bn. UkvIp-I AS-

bvp Hbpw s_p-I Dc-bp

Hbpw am{Xw tIp-p-m-bn-cp-p.

GtXm Hcp IpnbpsS ZoL\nizmkw So

tIp. cmhnse kzX{ambn Ifnm\p

kabw Xop-htm Ftmn-m-bn-

cnmw Ah kSsSpXv.

So ]mTw XpSn: ""Cv \apv ]Zhn`m

K--sf-n ]Tn-mw.'' Ipn-I \n-_vZ-

cmbn {in-p. GtXm `mc-ta-dnb Hcp

hml\w {][m\ -]m-X-bn-eqsS Cgp

t]mIp--Xns i_vZw am{Xw tIm-

am-bn-cp-p.

""Hcp hkvXphns\ kqNnnp ]ZamWv

\maw. hymIcWn Hcp hynsbtbm

hkvXp-hn-s\tbm Ipdn-p ]Z-am-Wn-Xv.

AXm-cm-Wv, AsX-mWv Fo tNmZy-

p adp]Snbmbncnpw Cu ]Zw.

DZmlcWambn, AXmcmWv? Hcp hnZymYn.AsXmWv? Hcp ]pkvXIw.''

""Rm mkn Ibds?'' s]mw Ipd

HcmIpn ]IpXn Xpd-p-In-S-n-cp

hmXn-en\p apn {]Xy--s-p. ap-

sImv Ahs apJw _ovdq-v t]mse

sNapXpSpncpp. ]pcnIw ap]mfn

hoWv \cncpp. Ahs henb _qns

aosXbp av DcpIm XpSnbncpp.

""]nsbpw \o t\cw sshInhtm khp

jvIn'' sNdp--m-cn-I-fmb Soam-sc-

tmse A hmkventbhv\ IWnimcn

bmIm {ianpsImp tNmZnp.

]t, AhcpsS i_vZn ]cmXnpw

iIm-c -n-\p -ap -]cn Zb-\o -b -X-bmWp

\ndp \nXv. SodpsS hnai\w A\p

aXnbmsbSpv khpjvIn thKw mkn

Ibdn Xs m\v Ccnpdnp. ]pkvX

Ikn UkvIn\pn hv Ah ASp

n-cp Ipn-tbm-sStm tNmZn-p-Xv

Ah {inp. Nnetm So ]Tnnp

Xv FmsWh tNmZnpIbmhmw.

khp-jvIns t\cwsshIn-bp hchv

Sosd hmsX hnjannp. \ hn[n

Bcw-`n Hcp mkns KpWw apgp-h

\jvS-s- -Xn Ahp hnjaw tXmn.


11/49

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

12

""a\nemtbm, hyamtbm?'' A Ipn

ItfmSp tNmZnp.

""a\nembn, a\nembn'' IpnI Hcpanv D-n Dcw ]dp.

""hfsc \Xv. C\n \n Hmtcmcpcpw

DZmlcW Xm Ip]nSntmfq.''

Ipdpt\cs \n_vZXbvp tijw Ipn

I ]dbm XpSn:

""]q''

""icn'' So ]dp. t]mb hjhpw Ipn

I BZyambn ]d DZmlcWw ]qbmbncppshv A Hmp.

""P\, tai, hoSv, hgn.........'' IpnI ]d

bm XpSn.

""CXp -a -Xn, \nn-tmfq'' A

hmkventbhv\ ]dp: ""\np a\n

em-bn-cn-p-p.''

IpnIfpsS H \nep. Ip\mb hmkymX

am{Xw So Ahs\ {in-m-Xp

ImcWw a{npsImtbncpp: ""BWn,BWn!''

s]sp kz]v\-n \nv DW-Xp-

t]mse khp-jvIn Fgp-tp\np

]dp:

""inin-c-nse Hmp-acw.''

Ipn -I AXp-tIp s]mn -n -cn -m

XpS-n. ""anm-Xn-cnq'' So ssISw

UkvIn Xn ]dp.""inincnse Hmpacw'' ap IpnIfpsS

]cnlknp Nncntbm SodpsS hnetm

hI-h-bvmsX khp-jvIn BhXp ]d-

p. Ahs lrZ-b-ns ASn--n

\nmWv B hmv ]pdphXv; Dn

Xmtemenph Hcp ]caclkyw ]pdp

]dbpXpt]mse. Ahs hnNn{Xamb Cu

s]cpamw a\nemm IgnbmsX So

s]mn-s-dn-p: ""Fp-sImv inin-c-

nse Hmp-acw? shdpw Hmp-acw

t]mtc?''

""shdpw Hmpacw Fp am{Xw -]-d-m

icnbmhn A hmkventbhv\m. ininc

nse Hmpacw Fp ]dmte AXv

AY-h-mb Hcp \ma-]-Z-am-Iq'' khp-

jvIn XncnSnpXpt]mse ]dp.

""khpjvIn Ccnq. mkn t\cw sshIn

hcpXns ew Int? Hmpacw Hcp

\ma-]-Z-am-Wv. inin-c-nse F hnti-

jWw AXn-\m-h-iy-an -. CS-th-f-bnSoamcpsS apdnbn \o hcWw.''

""Itm, inin-c-nse Hmp-a-c-n\p

]nb Aa-fn'' ]nnse s_n-en-cp

_me ]cn-lm-k-tmsS ]d-p. khp-

jvIn Ccpp. Ahs\tm Hmp ]pn

cnp. SodpsS `ojWnsSpp hmp

Itfm kl]m-Tn-I-fpsS ]cn-l-kn-p-sIm-

p Nncntbm Ahs\ Hpw hnj\m

n-bn-. hnjaw]nSn-smcp Ipn-bm-WtmChs\p hnNmcnv So ]mTw XpSp.

khpjvIn CSthfbn SoamcpsS apdn

bn lmPcmbn.

""Ccnq'' So Aht\mSp ]dp. Ah

ktm-j-tmsS, amZ-h-ta-dnb hncn-n

Itkcbnencpv cpaqp {]mhiyw NmSn

p-n.

""\o FpsImmWv Fpw t\cw sshIn

hcp-Xv?''

""F\np Xs Adn-p-Iq-Sm, A

hmkventbhv\'' apXn BfpIsftmse

Npaev Ipepnsmv Ah Dcw ]d

p: ""Rm Hcp aWnq apv hoSp hnn

dpw.''

So hnjatmsS hnNmcnp: Cu sImp

Imcy-nqSn kXyw Adn-bm Fp


12/49

mtUUv 8

13

{]bmkw? khp-jvIns hoSn-s\-m

Zqcv F{Xtbm IpnI Xmaknppv.

Ahscmw kabn\v mknsepp

tm.

""\o IpkvanInbn-es Xma-kn-p-Xv?''

So tNmZnp.

""A, km\n-tm-dn-b-n.''

""Fn v \n\p \mW-an-t, HcpaWn-q

apv hon \np ]pdspshp ]dbm?

km\ntmdnbn \np ]Xn\p an\nv

\Sm {][m\ ]mXbnsemw. ]ns

AcaWnq \Sm kvIqfmbtm.''

""]t, Rm {][m\ ]mXbnqSn hcm

dntm, Rms\tmgpw ImnqSnbmWp

hcp--Xv.''

kabw sshIp--Xn\p Imc-W-sa-sv

Ah-\p-Xs Adn-p-Iq-sSp tXmpw

Ahs mhw Im. Sov \ockhpw

kShpw A\p`hsp. IpnI \pW]d

m Ah Ftmgpw Cu hn[amWv {]Xn

IcnpI.

""tkmdn, A hmkventbhv\. Rm ap

-IpnIfpambn apsImv ]pmn

fnp. AXn\m...''

Cu hn[w Ah kXyw ]dsn F{X

\m-bn-cpp! ]t, Ah Xs Nmc-

\nd-ap henb Ip-IsImv Sosd

t\mn anm-sX-bn-cp-p.

Fmw Sop a\-n-em-b-tm. C\nFsnepw tNmZnm\ptm Fv Ah

]d-bp--Xp-t]mse tXmn.

""khpjvIn, \ns Imcyw tamiw! hfsc

tamiw! F\np \ns amXm-]n-Xm-sf

ImW-Ww.''

""]t, F\nv A am{Xtabpq'' khp

jvIn NncnpsImp ]dp.

khp-jvIns A-sb-n Hm-tm

Sop ebpw kShpw tXmn. km\n

tmdnbnse IpfnapdnbnemWv Ahp

tPmen. khpjvIn Ahsc "jh t\gvkv'

FmWp hnfnpXv. Ahs A hfsc

oWn Hcp kv{Xobmbncpp. Ftmgpw

NqSpshn ssIapn tPmensbSpp

-Xp-sImv Ah-cpsS ssII hnf-dn-

shfpv XpWn -t]m-se-bm-bn-cpp. Ah-

cpsS `mhv tkmhnbv bqWnbs al

mb hntamN\kacn t]mcmSn acn

tbmm-hm-bn-cp-p. khp-jvIn\p ]pdsa

aqp IpnIsfqSn Ahv X\nsb kwc

n-t-n-bn-cp-p.

khpjvIns Abvv Hcp]mSv {]mc_v[

Dmbncpsnepw Sov Ahsc

It Xocq.

""F\nv \ns Asb ImW-Ww.''

""Xobmbpw! Abvv Sosd ImWm

ktm-jta DmIq.''

""]t, Rm \nsn AhtcmSp ]dbpXp tIm \n`m-Ky-h-im Ahv

Hpw ktmjapmIn. FtmgmWv Ah

cpsS jn vv?''

""aqpaWnv XpSp cmas jn vn

emWv A.''

""hfsc \Xv. Fs mkv cpaWnh

km\npw. Rm \ns IqsS hcmw.''

kvIqdn\p ]nnep hgnbnqSnbmWv khpjvIn Sosd Iqnsmpt]m

b-Xv. Gsd-m-a-kn-bmsX Ah ImSns

kao-]-s-n. Imn {]th-in-- D-S

^na-c-ns, apaqSn I\w Xqnb

imJI Ahsc hebwsNbvXp.

Hcp AcphnbpsS XocpIqSnbmWv B Imp

hgn t]mbXv. CSbvnsS ac hgnbn

\np hnpamdnbtm kqcyshfnn


13/49

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

14

Xnfp ssaXm\w ImWsp. ]bdns

Ce-bpsS BIr-Xn-bn-ep Imm-Sp-I

an Ah Ip. GtXm henb arK

ns Ipf-Sn Bbn-cn--W-a-h. Cu

ImmSpI acqfpsS CSbntep

\op-t]m-bn-cp-p.

A hmkventbhv\bvv B arK-ns

Imm-Sp-I-fn Xm-cy-ap-s--dn

khpjvIn ]dp:

""Fv ChnsS hnpmIWw.'' Hcp Nnc

]cnNbmc\mb NmXnsbn ]dbp

Xpt]msebmWv Ah B am\ns\pdnv]d--Xv. ""]t, t]Sn-t tItm!''

So Nppw t\mpXp Iv Ah ]d

p: ""Fv Hcp ]mhamWv.''

""\osb-sm-sg-nepw Fns\ In-

ptm?'' So DmltmsS tNmZnp.

""Poh\ptXm?'' Ah ZoLizmkw hnp

]dp: ""C. ]t, AXns NmWIw

Inpv.''

""Fv!'' So tNmZn-p.

""Fns ImjvTw'' Ah hm-bva-

tbmsS ]dp. shfp hntmacns

imJI Xo Iam\n\p XmsgqSn

hgn ]nsbpw AcphnbpsS Xocv Fn

tp.

""Fm Fm-bn-Spw an-mXv?''

So tNmZnp.

""ChnsS Nne-bn-S--fn DjvW-Pew han-p \ocp-d-h-I-fp-v. t\mq, AhnsS

shw s]mn-h-cp--Xv.''

A hmkventbhv\ sh-n\p aosX

Ip\npt\mnbtm shw ASnbn

\np s]mnhcpXp Ip. AXp Pe

\ncn\p Xmsg IpanfIfmbn amdn. t\cnb

\qept]mep \ocpdhbpw AXnsbs

Ipan-f-Ifpw tNv Xn-s-b-p hncn-

bp ennqsf A\pkvacnnp!

""ChnsS Hcp]mSp \ocpdhIfpv. ans

Xmsg Acphn kPohamWv'' khpjvInDm-l-tmsS ]d-p. ssIew

sImv Ah ap amnbtm Iosg

Idpncp sXfn Pew {]Xysp.

shn hoW apII s]sv

DcpIpnsp So Ip. Ah IIqSn

shn\p apIfn s]mnnSp. ]

\n-d-n sPn-t]m-ep Pe-k-ky--

fmtWm Ahsbv So kwibnp. Cu

Zriyw hfsc hiy -ambn Ah-\p -`hsp. ]nsbpw ]nsbpw ImepsImv

av shntep Xnhogvn. sh

n hoW ap-]m-fn-I-sfmw tNv

hnNn-{X-cq-]-n-ep Hcp henb ap-

Iqmcambn amdn. CXn\nSbn khpjvIn

aptmp \Sv AcphnbpsS aosX Nmp

-InSp Hcp acsmn CcppdnXv

So Adn--tX-bn-. AX-dn--tm

So thKw \Sm XpSn. sht]mse an\pkap Pe\ncn \ngepI

sXn -sn thK-n ]mp

-sIm-n-cp-p.

""t\mq! ap]mfnI F{X L\w Ipd

XmWv. Ahbvp Iosg shsamgpIp

Xpt]mepw ImWm Ignbpphtm.''

" "AXp sh-ns Hgp - A

hmkventbhv\m. Rm ]nSnpIpepnb ac

smpIfpsS \ngemWv.''ChnsS, Cu h\{]tZiv Xms\mpw ]d

bm-Xn-cn-p-XmWp \-sXv \mhp ISn-

psImv Ah Nnnp.

khpjvIn apn hgnImnbmbn \Sm

XpSn. kzw Ip\nv Fmw {inp

-sImmWv Ah \SncpXv.

hr\ncIpw ap]mfnIpw Ahn


14/49

mtUUv 8

15

Ss im-Xbvpw Ahkm\-an-sp

tXmpw hw B koWamb ]mX h\

{]-tZ-ip IqSn t]mbvsm-t-bn-cp-p.

NnebnSfn am{Xw kqcy{]Imiw Ccp

ns\ AInbncpp.

s]sv acfpsS Fw Ipdp. anb

\oe\ndap Hcp hnShv {]Xysp. A

con I\w Ipd iphmbphns

kmn[yhpw A\p`hsp. h\{]tZis

B CSpnb hgn kqcy{]Imin Xnf

p Hcp Xpd {]tZiv Fntp.

an Hcmbncw shn\{X shn

nfn. ImSv CtXmsS Ahkm\npshv

A hmkventbhv\bvp a\-n-embn.

Xpd, hnim-e-amb B ssaXm-\-n

t{XtKm]pcw t]mse oamImc\pw DX

\p-amb Hcp Hmp-acw Xnf-p ap-

hkv{Xw [cnv {]uVntbmsS \nncpp.

imJ-I-sfmw hnSn Kmw`o-cy-tmsS

hfcm CSwsImSppt]mse, ap ac

AhcpsS tPyjvTktlmZc\mb Hmpac

n \np _lpam\tmsS amdnbmWp

hfncpXv. B acns Xmsgbp

imJI ]env ssaXm\n\p apIfn

Hcp taemv Xs-bmbnon-cp-p.

Hmp-a-c-ns XSnv aqm-fp-I ]nSn-

m Fm Ignbm{X hapmbn

cpp. XSnbpsS Inbp ]pdsmen Nmep

I hoWp hnn-cp-p. Ah-bn Xn-

\np av sh\qep-I t]mse

ImWsp. Hmpacw AXns icXvIme]{X ]qWambpw s]mgnncpp. AXn

\m acns A{Kw hsc ap Xn

\np CeI ImWmambncpp.

""Atm CXmWv \ns "inin-c-nse

Hmp-acw', At khp-jvIn!'' A

hmkventbhv\ hnkvabtmsS tNmZnp.

khpjvIn inincnse Hmpacw Fv

Bhnp]dXns AYw Sop

XnIpw a\nemsbp tXmpp. A

hmkven tbhv\ Hmpacns ASptv

i-tbmsS Hc-Sn -h -p. Im\-\-ns

Imh`S\mb, inam\mb B Hmpacw

HuZmcytmsS Fp tXmpwhw Xs

imJ-I Nen-nv Ahsc t\mn Xe-

bmn!

khp-jvIn Xs ]g-w-sN Nm-Xn-

bmb Hmpacns Nphn, SodpsS a\

nse NnI AdnbmsX _lfw hn

cpp.

""t\mq So'' InXpsImh I\tadnb Hcp apI s]mnsbSppsImv

]d-p. AXn-s-bn-S-bn [m\y-fpw

{Zhn CeIfpw InSncpp. AhbvnS

bn Hcp Ipgnbn Nnenhet]mse {Zhn

Ce-IsImp ]pXv sImp ]p-

t]mse-bp Hcp Pohn-bpv Ccn-p-p.

sImpsImp kqNnIt]msebp app

I AXns icocs s]mXnncpp.

AsXmcp sImp -ap-]-n-bm-sWpSop a\nembn. ""t\mq, Ahs\{X

kpJambn Ddpp'' Fp ]dv khp

jvIn ap]nsb CeIsImp

IcnSw ]pXnp. ]ns Ah thsdmcp

thcns ASnbn \np apamnbtm

Hcp Kpl- {]Xy--s-p. Xhn-p-\n-d-ap

Xhf Kplbnencnpp. ISemkpsImp

\nan Hcp ]mh--h-f-sbtm-se-bm-bn-

cpp AXv. AXns ]pdw-sXmen mkp-

t]mse annbncpp. khpjvIn AXns\

sXmp-t\m-n. ]t, AXv A\-m-Xn-cp-

p. ""N-t]mse A`n-\-bn-p-I-bm-Wv''

Ah Nncn-p-sImp ]d-p: ""]t,

kqcy -sh-fnw Xn -bm aXn. Ah

Pohhv NmSm XpSpw.''

Xs B sImpkm{amPynse Aaqeyh

kvXp--sfmw Sop ImWn-p-sIm-Sp-


15/49

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

16

m Ah B{Klnp. hpI, ]n

I, HmpI, \qdpIWn\p jUv]Z

XpSnbhsbmw Hmpacns thcpI

fn Bhmkapdnncpp. Nne Pp

thcns ASnbn Xmaknp. thsd Nneh

thcns Npfn -hp -I-fn A`bw tXSn.

C\nbpw Nne kqva-Po-hn-I XSn-bpsS

]pdwsXmenbnse NmepIsf BhmktI{

amn. Ahsb Xncndnbm Xs {]bm

k-am-bn-cp-p. Ah ac-ns Hcp `mKw

t]mse tXmnp. ]e PohnIfpw tla

nse ITn\amb ssiXyn kpJkp

jp-]vXn-bn-empInS-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Ch-

sbnsbmw khpjvIn Sov Xm

cytmsS hnhcnpsImSpp. Pohm[m

camb, kvt\lw \nd, NqSpw Icppw

hocyhpw \nd Hmpacw A\h[n Pohn

Iv A`bw \Inbncpp. Cu acs

m A\p-tbm-Py-amb thsdmcp Xma-k-

ew Ip]nSnm Ahbvv km[yam

bn-cp-n-.

A hmkventbhv\ X\nv A]-cn-Nn-X-

amb Imnse \nKqVX \nd PohnXw

{inv, AXn apgpIn \nhrXn]qv

Gsdt\cw \np. Atm khp-jvIn

hnjatmsS ]dbpXp tIp:

""Hm, A tPmenp t]mbncnpw. \ap

hsc ImWm ]pIbn.''

So s]sp ssIbp-bn hmn

t\mn. aqpaWn Ignv ]Xn\p an\nv.Xms\mcp sIWn-bn AI-s- -Xmbn

So\p`hsp. Xm ]dbm t]mIp

\ncp-]-{Z-h-amb \pWbvv Hmp-a-c-tmSv

a\n abmNnpsImv Ah ]dp:

""icn khp-jvIn. Ffphgn Ftmgpw

hnizmktbmKya FmWv \psS bm{X

kqNnnpXv. mhnbn \o {][m\ ]mX

bnqSn kvIqfn hm aXn.''

""Cuizcm''- A hmkventbhv\ thZ-\-

tbmsS hnNm-cn-p. CXnepw Xpd a\-

tmsS Fs Ignhnmbvasbn Rms\

s\ Gp]dbpw? At Znhkw ]Tn

KpW]mTsnbpw Fm KpW]mTsf

nbpw Ahtcmp.

""icn, khp-jvIn. \ns IqsS-bp \S-

n\v \n. Xobmbpw Imnse hgn

bn-eqsSbpw \n\-p -t]mImw. \n\v

AXmWv {]nbsan...''

khpjvIns apJw esImp XpSpp.

C\n-sbm-cn-epw t\cw sshIn mkn-se-

nsp hmpsImSpm Ah B{Kln-p. ]t, \pW ]d-bm-\p `bw

Ahs\ AXn\p kXnn.

""Rm Sosd XncnpsImpt]mbmmw''

sXmn Xebn hpsImv Ah ]dp.

""AXp kmcan khpjvIn. Rm X\nsb

s]mbvtm-fmw.''

Ah kwi-b-tmsS Sosd t\mnb

tijw, ASpp\np acn \nv

Hcp IsmSnv AXns hf Aw HSn

pIf tijw Sov sImSpn v ]d

p: ""So, Fns\ IpappIbm

sWn AXns ]pdv ]Xps HcSn

sImSpm aXn AtXmSntmIpw. As

n hSnsImv sXm v AXns\ DWn

bm aXn. ASn Inn-b-Xp-sImv tZjyw

hv AXv \psS ImSpXs Ftp

ambn hnpt]mbmtem...''

""hfsc \Xv khpjvIn. Rms\mcnepw

\psS Fns\ XpIbn. t]mtc?''

Ipdp Zqcw \S --tijw A

hmkventbhv\ Xncnpt\mn - Hmpa

cs HpIqSn ImWm thn. AkvX

abkqcys {]Imin Ippa\ndw ]qv

B Iq acw AhnsS \nncpp. B ac

ns AcnIn Hcp sNdnb cq]hpw Ah


16/49

mtUUv 8

17

$ Hmpacs khpjvIn "inincnse Hmpac'sap hntijnnpXns bpnhniZampI.

$ CXpt]mse Fns\sb-nepw hnti-jWw tNp am{Xw hnfnm \n CjvS

sSpptm? hniZoIcnq.

$ khpjvIns kz`mhn Nne khntijXIfnt? - FsmsbmWh?

$ {]IrXntbmSp kvt\lw

$ A[ym]nItbmSp kvt\lw

$

Cu khntijXIsf ASnm\amn IYm]m{X\ncq]Ww Xbmdmq.

$ ""So, Fns\ Ipap pIbmsWn AXns ]pdv ]Xps HcSn -sImSp

m aXn AtXmSntmIpw. Asn hSnsImv AXns\ DWnbm aXn.

ASn InnbXpsImv tZjyw hv AXp \psS ImSpXs Fstpambn hnp

t]m-bmtem!''

khpjvIns Cu ImgvNmSpw {]IrXntbmSp Cs kaqlns kao]

\hpw Xmc-Xayw sNp-I. Is--ep-I Ds-Spn Hcp eLq-]-\ymkw

XbmdmpI.

$ Cu IYbvv Hcm-kz-mZ\w Xbm-dm-p-I-bm-sW-n GsXms Bi-b-m-bn-cnpw \n Du \IpI?

$ {]IrXnbpw a\pjy\pw Xnep _w

$ A[ym]nIbpw hnZymYnbpw Xnep _w

$ mkvapdnp -]pdv hnimeamb ]T\taJeIfps Xncndnhv

$

$

Cu kqN\Ifpw \nfpsS IsepIfpw ]cnKWnv BkzmZ\w Xbmdmmw.

Ip. khpjvIn AhnsSs \np

shp a\nembn; Xs kvIqSo

dpsS Imhmc\mbn AhnsS \np

I-bm-Wv. s]sp Sop tXmn, Cu

Im\-\-nse Ghpw hnkva-b-I-c-amb

hkvXp inincnse B Hmpaca, Cu

sImpa\pjy\mWv; Akm[mcW\mb, Hcn

epw Bpw Hn\pw ]nSnsImSpm,

`mhnbnse ]uc, P\mSn\v thn Poh

shSn tbmmhnsbpw jh t\gvkn

sbpw ]p{X!

A hmkventbhv\ hm-ey-tmsS

Ah\v t\sc ssIhoin, hfpt]mIp

B HbSnmXbnqSn Xs aSbm{X

XpSp.

samgnamw : tUm. kn. Xw


17/49

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

18

IYbnse {]IrXn

Pn. a[pkqZ\

hr--tfmSp a\p-jy-\p Bfl-_--ns BZyamXrII aebmf sNdpIY

bn tXSptm \mw sNspXv Imcq

cns "sNmhv' F IY-bn-em-Wv.

hrsf Bcm[npIbpw kvt\lnp

Ibpw sNbvXn-cp Hcm \p-h-fnb

sNmhv. [\nI\mb Abmc qan

bpsS Afhn Iw ImWnv mhv kzam-n. Abm-cs IpSn-e-X-bn a\w-

s\m Abm ]Icwhop-Xv hr-p-

hSp Xpcv sImSpw hnjamb sapdn Ib

n-hn-m-Wv. kzmY-X-bv-pdw Abmp

hr-tmSp kvt\l-an-sp tXmpw.

thsdmcp coXnbn Nnnm, a\pjys

kv][ {]IrXnp hn\miIcamIpXns

kqN\bmbn Cu {]hrnsb ImWmw.

F.-]n. sN-\m-b-cpsS "N-cmhv'\psS {]m\ Imjn-I-kw-kvIm-c-

ns kuc-`y-ap IY-bm-Wv. If-p-

Innb Npcp Zm\wInnb qanbn \p

]nSnnv Npm Bpt\mp hfnsb

SpXmWv Ncmhv. \n[\\mbncp

Abmp {ItaW knn kh sFiz

cy-pw B mhmWp ImcWsav

Abm hnizknp. karnbnepw {]mNo\

kwkvImcns inW Abm ad

n-. mhp Imbvp-m-Ip BZys

N Abm X\nv `qan Zm\wsNbvX

alm\p \In. cm-a-tXv Nmhp-]q-b-

\bvp sXcfnbpmm\pw aqmatXv

Npcp sImp\Inb ImIpw

e`n-p. ]Sp-]--en B Iev]-hr--

tmSv Abmv nbpw Bcm[\bpam

bncpp. AXn\pIogn Xd sIn Abm

Znhkhpw Zo]w sImfpn. Xs GIaI

cXo-i-s\-bpw mhn-s\bpw Htc {i-

tbmsSbmWv Abm hfn hepXmn

b-Xv. \mK-cnIhnZym-`ymkw t\Snb aI\p

]t, As hrmcm[\tbmSp ]pam

bn-cp-p. cXo-is hnhmlZnhkw bm{X-

]pdsSpw apv mhns Nphn XncnsIm

fpn \akvIcnm ]d As A]

cn-jvIr-X-_p-n-sbbpw A-hn-izm-k-sbpw Ah\pw IqpImcpw tNv A]

e]np.

]cnjvImcnbmb \hh[phmIs, Npm

Imin-p-t]mb t\cv sSnkvtImv

]Wnbm\mbn mhp shm Xocpam\np.

aSnp\n cXois\ Ah ]cnlknXv

C-s\-bmWv:

""hrsf tZhXIfmbn IcpXn Bcm[n

ncp B Imew Ignn v \qmpIsf{Xbmbn....... As\tmse aI\pw aqV\m

sWv Rm IcpXnbn.''

\mKcnIaqey \psS {Kmafntep

kw{I-an--tm Ij-I-kw-kvIm-c-n-\p-

mb tem]hpw hn\m -ihpw CY

\mbn [z\n-n-p-p. `oam-Imcw ]qp-

hv ]nmev {]IrXnsb {Kkn hnI

k\]XnIfpsS BZyIme {]XoIamWv

Cu IYbnse sSnkvtIm v.Imcqcnsbpw F.]nbpsSbpw XeapdIsf

]nn v ASp Xeapdbntep hcptm

IY-bnse {]Ir-Xn-km-n-[y-n\p anIhv

Gdn-h-cp-p. Dn-Ir-jvW ]pXq-cns

"]mcamhp hoWp' F IY Hcp IpSpw

_nsbpw \mSnsbpw Iev]hrambn

cp Hcp amhns\pdnmWv. Cs Hp

amhpIfn \np hyXykvXambn ]Sp


18/49

mtUUv 8

19

]en ]SpIq amhv. \mpamhpIfpsS

Imbv ew t]msc hw ]pXpimkv{X

]d-p-X-cp--Xn\p apv Fm

hjhpw Ipe \ndv Nmbpambncp amhv.

F.]nbpsS IY Hcp IpSpw_]pcmhr

am-sW-n Cu I-Y-bnse amhv kaq-l-

tmSpw CXc PohnItfmSpw _sncn

pp. Amdpsbpw InfnIfpsSbpw

Bhm-k-tI-{-am-bn-cpp AXns ta-

Sv. amhns Nph-n a\p-jy-cpsS

kplrZvkwL ktfnpw. aqp \qm

tmfw ]gap amhns\pdnv Hcp]mSp

IYIfpv; t{]aIYI apX t{]XIYI hsc. {KmaPohnXnse tI{m\

-fmb hr--d-I-fpsS kmaq-lnI-{]m-

[m\yw ad-m-\m-hp--X-. Pohn-X-ns

ss\ccysbpw ]gabnse \Isfbpw

HmasSppXn \qmpI Pohnn

cnp hr-p ]pv.

IjIkwkvImcw a\pjys A[zm\^e

am-Wv. {]Ir-Xy-\p-km-cn-bm-bn-cn-p-tm

s HcYn AXv h\yXbvp hncphpamWv. tIcfnse kao]Ime {]Ir

Xy-h-t_m[w Ij-I-kw-kvIm-c-ns

DamsWp app ]dphtm. {Kmao

W--IjI kwth-Z-\-X-e-ap \psS

asmcp IYm-Ir-mWv \-\m. {]Ir-

Xntbm hrtam tI{IYm]m{Xambp

IY-I-sfmpw Atlw Fgp-Xn-bn-n-.

Fnepw {]IrXn At-l-ns kK-

kr-jvSn-bpsS ]m--e-ambn IY-I-fn

{]Xy--s-Sp-p.

"sImq' F kzw IYmkamlmc-n\v At-l-sa-gp-Xnb apJ-p-dn-n

Cs\ ]dbpp: ""Aeapv ]Sp

]enp\np Acbmhrn

S-bn-eqsS Dun-dnhcp ]pe-cn-p-Sp-

pw Aeapv Abhndnsmp InS

p ]ipfpw CSbvnSbvv {iotImhn

ens AIp\np tIp ]qPmaWn

\mZfpw Fs Bflmhn\p kpJioXf

amb A\p`qXnI ]IpXcpw. \pk

a-bv, Xncp-am-mw-Ipv t{X-ns

hSt \SbvcnIneqsS HgpIp ]pgbpsS

Icbnse {]imX \pIpsImncnp

tm, Fs lrZ-b-X-{n-I-fn Akv]-

jvSa[pcamb i_vZXcwK A\pcW\w

sNpt]mse tXmnbncpp. sshIpt

cs ashbn adpt]mbn. kym

XpSppI {]]s hebw sNpXpw

ImWmsW ampt]mbn. {]]w \dp

\n-em-hn apn-p-fnp \np-XpwFn Fs-m-sa-smw hnIm-c--

fmWp krjvSnnpXv. Cd {]]

{]-Xn-`m-k--sfm-s, Fn-ep-f-hm-nb

A\p`qXnIfn \nt Fnse kmln

XyImc DcpncnnpXv'' Ie {]Ir

Xn-P\yw IqSn-bm-sW hen-sbmcp kXy-

ntep \\m \s \bnpp.

(IYbpw ]cnnXnbpw)

$ teJ\n ]cmainnp IYI GsXmsbmWv? IYI Isn hmbn

pI. hmb\pdnv XbmdmpIbpw thWw.

$ \n ]cn-N-b-s cN-\-I-fn {]IrXn F-s\-sb-m-amWp {]Xn- -en-p-Xv?

GXm\pw cN\I ASnm\amn Hcp \ncq]Ww Xbmdmmw.

$ {]IrXnbpsS caWobX \nsf BmZnnpIbpw {]tNmZnnpIbpw sNbvX -

Hc\p`hw FgpXpI.


19/49

20

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

shfn--n-s\-smcp shfnw!2


20/49

21

mtUUv 8

{io\mcmbWKpcp ASnnSn Hcp NncntbmsS "Ipnm\v' IsgpXnsmSpXv Fp

sImmhmw? Ahnizmksf bpnsImv hnNn\w sNtXnt?

1921 kzmanI inhKncnbn kzambn hn{ianncp HcpZnhkw, AIse FhnsStbm \nv cmfpI ki\w Imp

\n -pp Fv Hct --hmkn kzman -Isf Adn -bn -p.

""Imp\npsXn\v? Ahsc Iqnsmphcmatm'' Fp

kzmanI ]dp.

BKXsc Itm kzman: ""Fm \smWm hXmbncnpw At, sImmw.''

Dcw : A kzmao, Hcp kSapWnm hXmWv.

kzman : \tmtSm! k-Stam? FmWv; ]d-bm-a-tm.Dcw : hf-sc-\m-fmbn ASn-b-ns ho n Ip n-m-s D]-{Zhw sImp InS-

smdpXnbn kzmao. ]te Iafpw {]hnpt\mn. Hcp amhpw

C. kzman ASnbsf cnWw.

kzman : BcmsWm ]d-bpXv? Ip nmt\m! sImmatm. Bfns\ \n

Itm?

Dcw : Ip kzmao. hfns Hcncp aqebn Icnt]mse \npXv ASn

b Ip. Ftmgpw D]{ZhamWv. CSXShnmsX IsdnpsImn

cnpw.

kzman : AXp XctSn! B Ip nm\msWv Fs\ Adnp? AXv \mw

]dm tIptam?

Dcw : Dv kzmao; AhnSpv ]d-m tIpw.

kzman : Bthm! Ip n-m-\pw \mapw Xn ]cn-Nbw C. (Dcw tIv BK-X

hmsX hnjcmbn\npXp In v)

kzman : Bs, Ip nm\v \msamcp Ip Xm aXnbmIptam? (Hcp t\mSv)

CsXmv FgpXn FSp-tm-fq. (F-n v Xmsg--d-bp hn[w, ISn-p-]n-Sn

Hcp NncntbmSpIqSn ]dpsImSpp):

""{io. Ipnm\dnhm, Cu Ip sImphcp s]cbvcmbpsS hon taem bmsXm

cp]{Zhhpw sNcpXv.

Fv, \mcmbWKpcp''


21/49

22

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

]I hcpp; cm{Xnbmhpp. hyambnHpw Ipp-]m-p--mbv-dnpIqSm.

DuWn-, Dd--an-. Fmw Hcp In\mhp

t]mse. Bsc-mtam hcpp. Fsm-

stbm tNmZn-p-p. Ah DWncn-

p-tm, AtXm Dd-p-I-bmtWm? Bbn-jtbm atm Ftm tNmZnp; Bhn

m-hnp tNmZn-p. Ah-f-Xn\p kam-

[m\w ]dbppmbncpp. ]noSpw AtX

tNmZyw. Ah-f-Xn\v lrZbw s\mv D-

n ]dp:

""Xpmo, sInmtmWv!''

]noSp IocmWv; Iocns IS! Ah

fXn s]mnnSbmWv. Ccp temI

ns Hcp \np sNo s]mpp.AXp kqtcymZbamWv. ]t, ImI Ic

n; InfnI Nnen. BfpI kwkm

cn-p-p-v. Dmbpw _m-mbp-amWv.

]nsbpw Btcm Dv. AXp kqtcymZb

a! ap-p Ipgnbn I\I.

AXns Npn\pw aNnIfn sNdpXncn

I Ipp. Ipp]mpmsb Hcp ]e

Ibn AXn\Spmbn CcpnbncnpI

In\mhpIfpsS Imewsshw aplZv _jo

bm-Wv. kao-]pXs ssIbn Nqc-ep-

ambn Hcm]ndtm\papv.

ssjm "Hbnp' apkveymcmWv!

Ipp]mpmbvp PohnXn BZy

ambn tZjyw hp; D{K-amb tZjyw.

Ahsm-cm-\-sb-tmse Aa-d-W-sap

tXmn. Hcp ISp-hsb-tmse Ae-dW-

sap tXmn; NmSnsbWov Fmns\bpw

ISnpIodpI!

Ah As\ Ccpp. \smcp hmk\;

apkveym AhfpsS Xebvpgnv Fs

mtam XobnenSpp. Iq-n Ipncn-

hpw N\hpapv. apkveym kplv, e,

le Fsms "an -cn'bmWv.

ssjm Hgn-p-p! C^vco-v, Pnv,

dqlm\n As\ ]te ssjms\bpw

Hgnn kp{]knamb NqcemWXv!

AXpsImhsf ASnpw; apSnp Ipn

nSnv AhfpsS ]pdpw XpSbnepsams

ASnpw! As\bmWv ssjm Hgnn

pXv. AXpsImpw ssjm Hgnn

sn apfIcp In tXbvpw. Xo

\ ssIshbn hbvpw. Atm ivcv


22/49

23

mtUUv 8

Fp sXmen Icn-bpw. Xe-tm-dpap-X

DwImephsc thZ\npw! Hm thZ\ns.

Dmbp-w _mmbpw thZ-\n-n-m A\p-

h-Zn-n-cn-p-p.

""_mm, Xsp ]d!''

apkvey-m Hpw ]d-n-. _mmbpw

Hpw ]dn. Dmbpw Hpw ]dn.

""Xpm -o, Xm-tm-sWp ]d!''

As\ Ah-fpsS a\-n ]d-p.

BtcmSp ]d-bm-\mWv Bbn-j-tbmSpw

]d-bp-Xv?

""Bcm-sWp ]d'' apkveym Bm-]np: ""IqSocnWXv BcmsWp ]d.''

IqSopsn BcmsWp ]dbmw! h

hcpw IqSoptm?

apkveym hopw tNmZn-p. aqm-as

XhW Nqc-emWv tNmZn - -Xv . ]ns

Ahv \ Hmabn. apkveym ]tm

]{tm ASnp. Ah Icp; hmhnp

Icp. Nqc ]nSnp]dnv Ah HSnp.

AhfXp Xobnenp. Ftmsnepw HmSn

tm-I-W-sap tXmn. Ah HmSn-bn-.

Xozm-e-bpsS hr-n-\-Spv \nkm

AlZv \npp!

\nkm AlZv Ahsf hmcn -sb-Sp -

XmtWm? AtXm, \nkm AlZns

ASp-tv Ah HmSn-s--XmtWm?

\nkm AlZmWv Ahsf Xmn-sb-

Spp hcm--bn Ibdn ]pc-bv-Ip

]mbn InS-n-b-Xv. ]ns IpXpd--

tm \ ]IemWv.

]mbvSpv Bbnj Ccn-pv. Bbn-j-bpsS Dmbpapv.

Ipp]mpmbpsS D Ftm Acp

sImphv Ah-fpsS s\n-bn ]pc-n.

AXn\p \ XWppv. AhfpsS aqn

eqsS ]pd-tp hcp Imn\p \

NqSpv. XobmtWm?

Ah-fpsS _mm B apdn -bn -tep

Ibdnhp. Bbnjbpw AhfpsS Dmbpw


23/49

24

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

FWop amdn. _mm tNmZnp:

""aItf, In thtWm?''

Hpw th; hnipw Zmlhpan.""Fs aIsf{X sZhkmsbtm hXpw

Ignn v?'' _mm ZpxJtmsS ]dbpIbm

Wv. Hm... Fn\p ZpxJnWw? Ah acn

m t]mIpIbmWv. Imp hoinpSn....

Ce Ctm hogpw! kXyamb Imp hoip

pv. CeI ]mdpp; ac Iqnapp

p. ac-W-ns Imm-bn-cn-mw. ac-W-

ns ZqX hp Igntm? temIw Ah

km\nm t]mIbmWv. C{km^o Faev kq F Ipg DuXnpSnbn

cnmw. HSphp\m ASpncnpp! hr

IS-]-dn-p hogp-Ibpw ]h-X

IpepnIp s]mSn-bm-bn....-`q-tKmfw

iq\yamIm t]mIpIbmtWm?

ag -s]ppv; ]pXpans aWw. Bfp

I h-am\w ]dp Nncn-p-sImp

t]mIp-p. ]I-emWv. ]cp-ns Ic-n

tIp-p. AXns\ ImWm h.Fnepw AXv BImis\ hnXrn

nSn NndIpI A\msX ]dpIbm

Wv. apdnbn cmhpa, ]Iepa. Ah

\-m h. khmwKw thZ-\n-p-p.

Btcm Ahsf shn-\p-dp-p--Xp-t]mse.

]Xn\mbncw sImpIjWfmn \pdpp

IbmWv. InfnIp hnXdn CpsImSpm

\mbncnpw. InfnI As\ sImnhn

gpn sIf-sI-f-bmbn ]dpt]mIpw.]ns....?

"Ipp-]m-pm' Btcm hnfn-p-p.

BcmWXv? Ah IpXpdp. AhfpsS

Dv Bfn-tm-bn. \nkm AlZns

_mm! apdn-bn hp \np-I-bm-Wv.

Atlw ]dp:

""CXn Impw shfnhpw ISWw. B

P\ AS-n-n-cn-p--sX-n\v?''

Atlw P\ Xpdp. Impw shfnhpw

AIpIS-p-I-bmWv: shfn --n\v

Fsmcp shfnw!

"Ipp]mpm!' Atlw hopw hnfn

p. "Hm!' Fh hnfntIp. ]t, i_vZw

s]mntbm Ftm. Atlw Cd-b-n-d-

n. _mmtbmsSsmstbm ]dbpIbm

Wv. FmWXv? h; IpXpds\ InS

m h. DWn-cn-p--Xn-s\-m

\Xv DdamWv. Ddw Idp ISemWv.

Ah AXn AenptNcp-I-bm-Wv.

AXpw h. shfnw! FhnsSsbnepw Hcp]nSnw thWw. Bew_anmsX Pohn

km[ya. Ahsfmcp hramWv. qanbn

Ips\ \npIbmWv. apSnsbmw thcp

IfmWv. ssIImepI Fmw hrns

inJcfmWv. [mcmfw CeIfpw ]qfpw

Dm-bn-p-S-n-bn-cn-p-p. cp ]n-

I IqSp-Iq-m t]mIp-p. AXv Fp

]n-I-fmWv?

"Ipp-]m -pm!' Btcm AhsfIpepnhnfn-p-p. Bcm-WXv? Fhn-sS-

htm ]p tIn-p i_vZw. Be-ky-

tmsS Ah IpXpdp. BcmWXv?

Hm.... \nkm AlZv!

"Ipp]mpm!' \nkm AlZv hnfn

p. Fnp ]d-p:

""\o FWoncpv CXp IpSnv. Ibvp

XmWv. Fmepw a[pcapsp hnNm

cntmfq. cpNnpt\m.''

acpp thsp ]dbWsav Ahp

tXmn. AXn\p apv \nkm AlZv

Ahsf Xm-n FWo-n-n-cp-n. sh

pgnb ]nmWn Ftm Idp

{ZmhIw Ahsfsmp IpSnnp. Fn

s-s-mtam ]d-p. Ah-f-Xn\p kam-

[m\w ]d-bm `mhn --tm \nkm


24/49

25

mtUUv 8

$ Ipp]mp-m-bpsS tcmKw Cm-Xm-m apkveym Isp {]Xn-hn-[nFmWv? AXns\pdnv \nfpsS A`n{]mbw FmWv? N sNpI.

$ ""Ipp]mpm'' Btcm hnfnpp. BcmWXv? Ah IpXpdp. AhfpsS

Dv Bfntmbn. \nkm AlZns _mm! apdnbn hp\npIbmWv. Atlw

]dp:

""CXn Impw shfnhpw ISWw. B P\ ASnncnpsXn\v?''

Atlw P\ Xpdp. Impw shfnhpw AIpISpIbmWv: shfnn\v Fsmcp

shfnw!''

Cu k`w \Ip AYkm[yXI FsmamsWp Isn BkzmZ\w

XbmdmpI.$ ""Ipp]mpm ]dp:

"" C sIn! RmcnmtmWv!''

""Rm acnm t]mIpp, Fp ]dbWw,'' Fpw ]dv NncnpsImv Bbnj

ISphp'' Ipp-]m-p--mbpsS kw`m-j-Wsamw Cs\ amt--Xptm?

t\mhense kw`mjW`mjbpsS khntijXI hniIe\wsNbvXp Ipdnv Xbmdm

pI.

AlZns\ In-. Dm s]mSn-b-cn -

n Ahsfsmp IpSnnpIbmWv.

Dm tNmZn-p:

""s\\v Bbn-jms Dm apSn-sI--W-

t]mse apSnsItWm!''

Ipp]mpm ]dp:

""Rm-cn-m-tmWv.''

Dm ]dp:

"" ]pmctamfs\ ]tdt. \ns Ieym

Wmtcyms \nbnpIgnp.''

Ipp]mpm ]dp:"" C sIn! RmcnmtmWv!''

""Rm acn-m t]mIp-p, Fp ]d-

bWw,'' Fpw ]dv Nncn-p-sImv

Bbnj ISphp. Ah tNmZnp:

""acpn\p a[pcapmbncptm?''

""t]m Xpmo!''

""I_pqkn\v Hcmfv acppsImSpmteIpSnq!''

""Npmbncn Xpmo!'' Ahfs\ InSp.

lrZbn tX\mWv; Ah BsI a[pc

ambn amdnbncnpp. Ahp cpNnbpm

bn. hnipw Zml-hp-ap-m-bn. Bcp-sSbpw

klmbw IqSmsX FWoncnmw. ]Xps

\SpIbpw sNmw. As\ hcptm

Hcp Znhkw Bbnj ]dp:

""I_pq-kns\ sIn-m t]mWXvBscsmm-sW--dn-bmtam?''

""Npm-bncn Xpmo!''

""t\mq, Bcm-sW--dn-bmtam?''

(ppmsmcmt\mv!)


25/49

26

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

kzman-PnkRvP-b

\n kzman-Pnsb Adn-bp-I-bn-tm?Adn-tb-p Bfm-Wv. kzman -Pnbpw

Rm\pw Xn ]cnNbambn v IjvSnv Hcp

]ocmv Imeambn. Atmv hbv

35 Bbn. A\am \Inb t]cv Ipn

s\mbncpp. ]t, ]te Ahk

c--fn-ep-am-bn, Hmtcm Xmm-en-Im-

hiyn\pthn, Xm AwKoIcnm

t]cpI Npcppw. kmaph ksdnbkv

Ft]cn am\mndssaXm\nhv

`b--c-amb ssIbpw Iem-ihpw Imn-

smv Atm {InkvXp-aX{]kwKw

\S-p-Xp Rm tIn-pv; tUmIvS

laoZvJm F t]cn IpdpZnhkw

Iq-cn bq\m\n Huj-[- hnp-sImp\S-

pXpw Rm Inp

v; ]mepw ]ghpw am{Xw

Blmcambn, BwKy`mj

bn am{Xw CwKnXsf

Ad n - b n - p - sI mp w

At\Iw tcmKn-I-fpsS

tcmKw amn -sm-pw

At\Iw `-mvZ i - \ - a m - { X - m

kwkm - c - t -i - a pn

\In -smpw Hcp

hnizkvX injys AI

SntbmSpIqSn ]mem v

HcmenNphn IptdZn

hkw \na -em -\ -Pn

F t]cn kzmanPn

X]--\p-jvTn hnhcw

Atlw Xs ]dnpv.

HcpZnhkw kzmanPn ]I ]Xn-s\m--c-

aWnv Fs hon Ibdnhp.

""Ctm FhnSpm?'' Rm tNmZnp.

""eIvt\mhn\nv'' kzmanPn hnZqcambN{Ihmfn ZrjvSnbpdnpsImv ]d

p.

Rm:"" AhnsS F{X Xmaknp? Fsmw

sNbvXp?''

kzmanPn:""Fpamkw, sNbvXtXm? (Atlw

Fs apJ-p-t\mn Hp al-kn-p)

kp{]-kn--amb atl-iz-c-I-hNsn

Cy-bnse {][m\ Zn\

]-{X--fn-semw {]Xy-

-s ^p t]Pv ]c-

ky Instm?''

Rm Xebvp s]sv

It-dp-sIm--Xp-t]mse

Hp sRn: ""Fv? atl

izcIh-Ntam? AXv

kzman-Pn-bpsS hI-bm-bn-

cp-pthm?''

kzmanPn: ""AtX, lnam-

eb alm -Kn -c n -bpsS

Dpw-K-irw-K--fn-t

apqdpsImw ITn\X]w

sNbvXv, atl-iz-c-Z--

amb hc-{]-km-Z-tm-Sp-

IqSn temtIm]ImcmYw

Xmgvhc-I-fn-ten-d-n-

h kh-kw-K-]-cn-Xym-


26/49

27

mtUUv 8

Knbpw alm-tbm-Ko-iz-c-\p-amb almflm

\nXym\PnbpsS D]tZi{]Imcw Atl

ns {]nbinjy\pw...''

Rm: ""aXn, aXn. F\nsmpw tI!

Kpcp-hm-bq-c-m. Ap-dp-nI FtXpw

t]mbtm! I-jvSta IjvSw! F\n-smcp

t]mgw ]nbtm, acWwhsc Xocm

Hc]am\ambntmbn.... Atm, kzmanPn,

"sUbnen \yqkn'epw "tamWnMv FIvkv{]

kn'epw apw {]knsSpn B hne

]nSn ]ckyfn tN kn^n

pIsfms Ifhmbncppshtm?''

kzmanPn : ""kmt[m, Xms\smchnizmkn

bm-Wv, As\ If-hmbn Rm Hcp

]ckyw tNptam? B cmPm--m-cp-sS-

bpw hoemcpsSbpw tUmIvSamcpsSbp

sams kn^npI apgphHsm

gn-bm-sX--t\-Ip-I-fm-Wv. Ah-bpsS

aqetcJ-I B s]n-bn t\mn-bm

ImWpw. Ahsbms Ifhmbn \nanh

bmsWn Rm\nv Pbnenet? Fs

IpXncnsmv _ot? As\

sbmcp h\ Rm sNptam? Rm hn[

hIfpsSbpw A\nm IpnIfpsSbpw

]Ww Xndnp h Cjypdkv I

\nbpsStbm atm UbdIvSdmsWmtWm

Xm hnNmcnpXv?''

Rm : ""-F-\nv CsXmpw a\-n-em-Ip-

n. Ah apgph A\h[n hyhlmc

fn PbnhcpsSbpw ]coIfn ]mkm

bhcpsSbpw B{Kl km[nhcpsSbpw

almtcmK amdnbhcpsSbpw kn^n

pIfmWtm.''

kzman -Pn: ""AXp-sIm-s-m-sWtSm?

Ign {]mhiyw Rm Xs ImWp-

tm Xm Aw hI-Xn-cn-hp Hcp

sNdpmc\mbncpphtm. Xs _pn

sbms FhnsStmbn? Asammtem

Nnpt\mqXm \qdp IhNfpmn

Fp hnNmcnqFphm lvdmwlvdow

lvdq Ftm {`mw{`owt{`w Ftm Vvtdmw

VvdowVvtdw Ftm FgpmWnpv

Xmew h-sX-s-nepw FgpXn\nd-

np \qdp sNnXInSpI FYw.

AXn Ccp-]-s-w Ccp-]-v

tcmKn-Ipw Ccp-]--sw Ccp-]-

v ]co-bvv t]mIp hnZymYn-

Ipw, Ccp-]--sw Ccp-]p

hyh-lm-c-mpw tijn-p Ccp-]-

sw Ccp-]-v Imap-I-mpw

hnpp Fpw hnNm-cn-p-I. Ccp-]-

v tcmKnIsf FSpm \psS Khsm-ip-]-{Xn-I-fnqSn Ccp-]-pw

NmhpIsbpXv kw`mhya, BtWm?

Ccp -] -p Ipn -I ]co -bvp

t]mbm Ccp-]-pw tXmp-I-sb-

Xpw ]Xnh. hyhlmcnIfpsS Imcyhpw

Imap-I-m-cpsS IYbpw A-s\-s.

Xs IhNw ssIhiapXpsImp am{Xw

Hcmv ]Tn-Xv tXmm-Xn-cn-p-I-tbm

kucyw s]mbvtm-hp-Itbm sNp-I-bn-tmAXp Xobt? AXp ssIhiap

tm Fp IcpXn tcmKnI acpp Ign

mXncnpItbm hnZymYnI ]TnmXn

cn-p-Itbm In-I tIkn\pthp

dnm-UpI lmP-cm-m-Xn-cn-p-Itbm

sNpXpa AXpw Xobt? icn.

Fp kw -hnpw? IhNw D]-tbm-Kn--h-

cpsS CSbn AmfpIfpsS tcmKw amdn

bnpmbncnpw. FmfpIv Ipdhpm

bncnpw. GgmfpIv A[nIambnpm

bncnpw. AmfpI acnnpmbncnpw

Fp knpI. HSps mkn

shcpsS i_vZw Xm tIn; tcmKw

A[nIamb GgmfpI Hcp]t, Xsbpw

Xs Ih-Nsbpw iIm-cn-pw i]npw

sImsgpXpw; BtcmKyw hop-In-nb

Ap hnUvVn-I Xs Ih-N-am-Wv

AXn\v tlXpshp XosSpn X\nv


27/49

28

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

A n\\pIfbpw. As\ s

aphcpw. tXmhcpw s]mfnhcpw \jvS

s--h-cpw o-Sn--h-cpw--A-h-cm-bn-cn-pw

A[nIwHpw anpIbn, Asn Ih

Ns ]gnpsImsgpXpw. B FgppI

sfms hmbn DSs\ Non NhpsIm

bn XpItb thq. Pbnhcpw kpJ

shcpw Imcyw t\Snbhcpw, ""{]nbKptcm,

AhnSpmWv Cs AhXmc]pcpj.

AhnSps atlizcIhNw D]tbmKnm

XpS-n-b-tijw Fs B{-iqe Xosc

amdn-bn-cn-pp,'' -""alm-fl, amtl-iz-c-I-

hNw D]tbmKnXns êambn Ghpw{][m-\-amb Hcp hyh-lm-c-n Rm

{]Xo-n-m hn[-n hnPbw t\Sn-

bncnpp. Zb-sNbvXv AcUk IhN

IqSn AbWw,'' ""kzman, A-

bpsS IhNw F\np sNbvX KpW

]dmsemSpn; AhnStv \sv

tXmp GsXnepw temtIm]Imc{]Z

amb Imcy-n\v sNe-hm-p-hm-\mbn Hcp

eLpIrXXmNnambn Rm\nXm Ccp]-Xp -dp -nI aWn-tbm -U sNp-p''

Fsms FgpXn Abm XpSpw.

]Xn-\m-bncw Ih-N- hnpXocp-tm-

tgpw Ghpw NpcpnbXv Hcqdv Fgp

pI X\nv Inngnbpw. BtemNnq:

Ccnep Aqdv FgppI hgn

p-h-gn-bmbn Hcp Zn\-]-{X-n ImWp-

tm GXp h-\mWv A-c-m-Xn-cn-

pI? C NmXo, temIn hnUvVn

IfpnStmfw Imew a\mnbnm

h ]nWnInS-t-n-h-cn- X-s.''

Rm : ""Bs, kzmanPn F{X Xn?''

kzmanPn: B "Xn' F hmmWv F\nv

]nSn-m--Xv. Ie-IvS kmbvt]mSv Bsc-

nepw \n Khsn \npw F{X

"Xn' Fp tNmZnmdptm? hoem

tcm-tSm tUmIvSam-tcm-tSm Pn-am-tcm-tSm

I-h-S-m-tcmtSm tNmZn-m-dptm? Ah-

scmsbmIptm "kmZyw'; Rm\mIp

tm "X!' FtSm, amaqamdme

]nSnpInS-p Xs BZi--sfms

Hp XpSp ]p-\m-t-n-bn-cn-p-p.

C\n Rms\mcp Imcyw ]d-bs. Fs

IhNw AXn hniz-kn-p--hv Cv

amn hnsSp At\Iat\Iw

acppIsfm KpWw sNbvXnpspw

sNbvXp-h-cp-p-s-pw-IqsS ]d-p-sIm-

s, Fm aqfp-Xv? Rm ]d-Xv

AXn-i-tbm-n-bn-m ]c-amY-am-Wv.

F\np Innb Fgp-p-I apgp-hXp hptN \bpsS bYmY

ImcWw a\nemIm hm FgpXn

bXmsWv Xm IcptX. Hcp KWyamb

iXam\w Aqn As\bmh

bpapv.''

Rm : ""kzmanPnbt ]dXv, B IhN

-sfms Fsm-stbm hmbn

tXmnb AcsfgpXn aSnb shdpw

sNp-X-In-Sp-I-fm-sWv?''

""shdpw sNn\v tcmKw amm\pw BfpIsf

]co--I-fn Pbn-n-m-\p-ap in-

bptm?''

kzmanPn : ""C, ]t, a\n\pv; Fm

acppIsfmfpw a{sfmfpw A[n

Iapv. a\n hnizmkhpw hnPb{]Xo

bpw ê{]mY\bpw thnStmfap

s-n GXp acppw GXp a{hpw

ên-pw. Cs-n arX-k-RvPo-h-\nbpw

arXypRvPbhpw enpIbpan.''

Rm : ""Bs; Fs tNmZyn\v adp]Sn

]d-n-.''

kzmanPn : ""Fp tNmZyw?''

Rm : ""BsI F{X ]Ww X... -Innsb

v.''

kzman-Pn:-""Fp-amkwsImv sam-n


28/49

29

mtUUv 8

$ kRvP-b Ah-X-cn -n-p kzman-Pnsb {in--tm. ]{X--fn Ccw

XnpIsfpdnv \nch[n hmI \n Inpmhpw. Ahsb ASnm\amn Hcp \ateJ\w XbmdmpI.

$ Xn-p-I-sfp-dn-p ]{X-hm-I tiJ-cnv ]Xnpmmw. ]Xn-n-\p-th

FUntmdnbepw XbmdmpI.

Ccp-]-n-aq-hm-bncw Ddp-nI Inn. (Rm

sRn-b-Xp-Iv kzmanPn Nncn-p-sIm-v)

]t, sNehv `bm -\ -I -am -bn -cp -p.

]ckyv am{Xw ]Xn\mbncw DdpnI;

\mev ssSnvamcpsS Ametp

ifw Bbncw DdpnI. Xmmpw ap

the-mpw -IqSn Bbn-c --qdv ;

Bokv hmSI Fqdv; kzIm-cy-s-ehv

GXmv aqhmbncqdv; X]m tj

\dn apq-dn-e-[nIw. Fn\p ]d-bpp,

Fmw-IqSn Ccp-]-n-c-tmfw Imp.

Ctm IjvSnv Bbncw ssIhiapv.

AXpw-sIm-n-tmv ]pd-s-p. kqnvsNehpsNbvXp kmZnp k{Zmbm

c-\m-bn-cp-p-sh-n Ctm ]Xn-\m-bn-c-

n Hcp ss] NpcpmsX t_nepm

Ipambncpp; ]t]p sImw sImv

em-[n-]!''

Rm : ""]ns Ft AXphn v Ctmp

t]m-Xv? \nba]me-I-m-sc-smv h

_pn-ap- p-ap-mtbm?''

kzmanPn : ""slbv, bmsXmpapmbnn.

F\nv kn^npI Xhcn cv

t]meokv IojWamcpw Ggp Un.Fkv.

]n -Ifpw cp-aqp Uk kn

Ckvs]IvSamcpw s]Spsav Xm Btem

NnWw. AXpsIm Rm AWn aXn

bm-n-b-Xv. a\waSpv A{X-am-{Xw. Hcn-S-

p -X -s-bn -cp -v , Htc {]hr -n -

bns a\psImSpv, ]Wnep

B{KltmSp-IqSn {]b-Xv\n-n-cp-p-sh-

n Rm\nv Cy-bnse tImSo-iz-c-m-

cn Hcm-fm-bn-cn -p-sa--Xn-s\-p-dnv

X\nv h kwibhpaptm? Rm\nsXmcp

hp-]-d -bp --Xm-sWv Xm Icp-Xp -

ptm? (At\cs au\-n-\p-

tijw kzmanPn XpSp) ]ns \nba]me-I-msc kw_-n-t-S-tmfw Ah-cp-

ambn Rm \s-p-dt Gp-ap-m-dp-p-

shv Xm AdnbpIbnt? Fnepw Nne

tm ]ntmImdpv. Ign XhW Chn

sS\np t]mb DSs\ As\sbmcp kw`

h-ap-m-bn.''

C{X-bp -am -b -tm -tgp hmey -m -c

Imnbpw ]e-lm-chpw sImp-h-p.

kzmanPn Imn IpSn-p--Xn Gs-p.Rm IYtIm Aa\mbn Imp.

-(kRvPb)


29/49

30

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

tImem-bn-ep-an-bnp shsmcp s\cn-tm-Snzmebmbvmfo, Xnn amcpXmKammZw.

s]s ---e-n\nsm,cp sNsm-n]q-

pnX Nmw ImWmbv hopaXmhnq.

HSphn, \memas,m -nend-bnt

nSnw Ino, X\nptiyw \nd-thdn!

hrcpw XcpWcpw _mecpambnsmcp

]papXpt]IfIp ]teSmbv\n{ZbnnSp hepXmw hosSmtm

Ipp; ]pIncpsmIbmbv hm\ns\w!

Npscnmym amdSnpwsImm hoSp

hnp hm\ttmSpw kthXbpsS

amenIIfn \np sXdn aWnIsf

tmeth ]mdo, sNosmcnI Npgehpw.

NqSebvbm sRnbpWp kw{`mcmbv

mSn\m shfnbntemfpI sXcpsXsc.

Xobp Xfphm ]mp]mWXp,

Xobcpw ]pebcpw ap "lo\'cpat{X;

]ms-fn-n-S--sb--Wn-bm-X,-\p-I-t,

]mbvp-np-cp-p InStm \n\-njvSw!

InWm apgp\miw hcns,m[p

InWn\nw`p tImcphmt\mSnssI,

tXmpapn\m hoinsmp Xobn\p Nppw

thp hopgtmtS \Spw Krl\mY,

""\osdn \odmhs hosSmw; \nehnp

tIdnsb InWdp sXmipammbvsI''m!

ipcn iph-tm \mcm-b-W-ta-t\m


30/49

31

mtUUv 8

$ XdhmSp Inmembmepw Xmgv PmXnm InWsXmv AipamcpsX

ImcWhcpsS at\m`mhtmSp \n tbmPnpptm? bpn]qhw kzm`n{]mbw

m]nv Ipdnv XbmdmpI.

$ ""\mbtc, `hm Xsipcn ip ''

ipcn ip F {]tbmKw sImv Ihn [z\nnp Bibsamhmw? GsXmw

AYn Cu {]tbmKs ImWm\mhpsav hniZoIcnpI.

$ hnthIm\kzmanI tIcfs { mmebsap hntijnnm\nSbmnb

kmaqlnIkmlNcyw IhnXbn sXfnbpptm? NsNpI. IsepIfpsS ASnm\n eLp{]`mjWw XbmdmpI.

$ ""s]s---e-n\nsmcp sNsm-n]q

pnX Nmw ImWmbv - hopaXmhnp.''

ASnhcbn `mKfpsS {]tXyIX FmWv? Cu khntijX IhnXbvv kucyw

\Ipptm? NsNpI. Ccw `mK IhnXbn\np IspI.

$ aebmfdhmSmsI Abnobn\m thhpIbmWv F IhnbpsS Bi ka

ImenI kmaqlnI kw`hhnImkfpambn _sSpn ]cntim[npI. \nKa\

fpsS ASnm\n kwhmZw kwLSnnmw.

$ Ahnizmksf adnISpXn\mbn \nch[n kmaqlnI]cnjvIm XymK

]qWamb PohnXw \bnnptm.

$ {io\m-cm-b-W-Kpcp $ A-mfn

$ hmKv`Sm\ $ hw A_vZpJmZ auehn

$ N -n-kzm-an-I $ hnth-Im-\-kzmanI

$ $

Chcn HcmfpsS PohNcn{Xpdnv XbmdmpI.

\mbtc, `hm Xs ipcn ip; hoSp

t]mbm-se-,-\Lamw PmXnsb cn-tm!

lm IjvSw, aebmfdhmsSmss

thIpIbtm sNbvhXo,bbnn Xobm!

B hnipnam\mb \mbX ]pc Xn

]mhI ]XnX\mbv \nkvtXPx{]kc\mbv

BhneXcamb shon,pI\mw

izmhns\tmte ]nnSpw InStm,

CsebkvXwhsc {]ikvXsamcp Krlw

\n \tmnXn,pZnX\mw kqcy!

(kmlnXy-a-RvPcn)


31/49

32

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

Hcp sNdp-ayw IS-ens Bg-n hp ay-cm-nsb Ip-ap-n-. ayw tNmZnp:

""Rm ]etmgpw ISens\n tIppv. ]t, FmWv IS?''

""\n\p Nppw DXmWv IS'' aycmn adp]Sn ]dp.

""F\nv FpsImv AXv ImWm Ignbpn?''

aydmWn ]dp: ""\o PohnpIbpw NenpIbpw \ne\npIbpw sNpXp

ISenemWv. IS \ns DnemWv; AXpt]mse ]pdpamWv.''

aydmWnbpsS hmpI {intm. FmWv \nfpsS A`n{]mbw?

kzw PohnX]cnkcs Dn sImp\Sm a\pjy\p Ignbpptm?

Poh\-ns s]mcp

3


32/49

33

mtUUv 8

CS-h-m-Xn-bpsS tIfn-sImp tI-tmthZamWnIyns\mcmmZw, FWop ]pd

psNp t\mms\mcmthiw. Dbvv

tNmdp -sIm -p-h sImp -tam -tfmSp

]dp: ""tamtf `hm\npo, Aqs\

Hp ]nSn-s-Wo-o-cv.''

aq{X-sam-gn-mt]mepw InS--hn-s-Wo-

m aSnp Aq\nsp]nsbv

`hm\n hnkva-bn-p. ""Ctm Fn\m FWo-

sW? Cu ]m{Xnep ssI IgpInbm

tmtc?''

""Fs Hs-Wo-ocv a-tf'' hr

sIn.

Ah A\pkcnp.

""Aqs\ B P\mtesS ASpp sImp

hn-Sv.''

sh-sm--n

Fkv.-hn.- th-Wp-tKm-]\mb


33/49

34

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

P\me Xpdm ]pe`yw ]dbmdp Inf

h. Cu AdbpsS ]pdpISpI amk

IqSp-tm-gm-Wv.

hr tNmdns\ Ku\nmsX thpthp

\S XpSn. Ah ]ndtI sNp ssI]n

Snp.

thZamWnIyw P\egnIfn ]nSnp ]pdp

t\mn. ag Nmdpp. BImiw Im aqSnn

S-p-p. CS-bvnsS CSnbpw an-epw.

hr tamWImn Nncnpcknp \np.

Aq Nncn adpt]msbmWp hm\n

IcpXnbncpXv. ]cn`hhpw tZjyhpamsXassnepw mhw ASpImesmpw

B apJv Ah Inn.

""Itm, ag-bpsS hchp Itm? Cv

XIp-hm-cn-s-pw tItm. B iucyw

Im-e-dn-bmw'' hr Ipn-I-sf-tmse

Xpn.

""cp sZh-k-am-btm ag sXmS-n-bn-v.

CXnsemWn{X ckw?''

""]mhw s]t, CXv \o In-sm ag-

sbmpa. t\mntm. shw HmSntbmSn

hp s\dbpw. Adbpw ]pc-bp-sams

appw. sXmqn HXnsetmse...''

""Aq hv tNmdpv.......''

""Hcp tNmdpImcn!''

`Wn\v hn\mgnI hyXymkw hm

Ae-ap-d-bn-Sp Cu a\p-jys IpS-ense

Xobpw agbn sIpt]msbtm!Ah ssI ]nSnphenp. hr \ockw

Imnsbnepw hm\n hnn. Abmsf A

n\p apn sImn-cpn-bnv Ah

t]mbn.

Fnm{X-sa-Sp-m Ah h-tm

tNmdp-cp-f-bp-ambn P\m-e-bv-p-ds

BImiwt\mn CcpmWv. s]v eLphm

sbmp imkntm thZamWnIyw Dcpf

-XncnsI Cp: ""sImp-t]m-So, F\np

hnin.''

ssI Igp-In-bn v Abm hopw sIn:""\o Fs P\mebvSpv.....''

Ah Hpw anmsX ]m{XfpsaSpv

\S-p. hr-\n k-Shpw tIm]hpw

Ccn. Abm ssIIm Xn hnfnpIqhn.

CsXms CSbvnsS ]Xnhp Iem]cn

]mSnIfmbXpsImv Bcpw Ku\nn.

]pdv ag I\pIgnncpp. agbpsS

lpm-c-nepw CS-hn-Sm-sX-bp-b-cp CSn-

apgnepw hrs Bt{Imi apntm-bn.

Am-g-hp-ambn `hm\n Fn-b-tmgpw

hr In-en-en-cpv P\m-e-bv-p-ds

ag BkzZnpIbmWv. Ahsf I]msS

Abm tNmZnp: ""shw ]Snhsc Fn

tbmSo?''

hrs {]k`mhw Iv Ah apJw

I\np \np. CtXIWn s]pIbm

sWn ]pecpwapv Cdbp shw Ibdpsav Ah `btmsS Hmp.

hr hnmns CuWn ]dp

Xp-Sn: ""tItm-So, ]v hjm-hjw

Xm{a-hWn-bm-d-p -s\-d-bpw. Bdp s\d-

mtem, shw IcbntemSnmSnbdpw;

IpSnepw sImm-chpw appw. Av Fm-

honepw hsammcpsSo; HmSnhhpw

Np\pw NmtSmw. F\ntm, sImgpsIm

gp sNdpw. hntdn sNdp_meymcv Rfv DucpNppw. shw hngpnb

`qanv AXn-scm -tm, hc-smtm?

Xteev hspw sIn, ]mpw]mSn Rf

s\ NpnbSnpw. Csm Iw Xncn

Imev shhpan, hhpan........''

Cu A[-hn-cm-a-n-se-n-b-tm-gmWv

`hm\n ewhn Imcyw thZamWnIyw Adn

Xv. AXpsImv kzKXw Iqntp....


34/49

35

mtUUv 8

""In-t, sIn-m-dmb s]ns CS-Xn-

cnhv... Chsfms PetZhXsb Insm

tm.... B CfInbmw Insmtm....''

Abm B cm{Xn Dd-n-bn-. B-Sn-

p Imns Xmfhpw tImcnsmcnbp

hj-ns kwKo-Xhpw tIv, AXns

elcn \pWv Ipangnp InSp. CS

bvnsS HmabpsS XmfntbmeIfn \nv

Cuc-Sn-I aqfn.

shfpmImeambtm Adbvp ]pdv

_lfw. shw Cd-bpw ]Sn-p-c-bn-ep-

samw IbdnmWpw. hfsc\mIqSn Ingh a\w s\dp Nncnp. ""Now Iehp

sams s]dpn -ampIbmWv. ImemSpam

bncpsnev FopsNsmp t\mm

am-bn-cp-p.'' Abm `hm-\nsb hnfn-p.

]ns aIs\ hnfnp. ]pds

i_vZtImemlen\nSbn B Nnen

H \pcpsNn. Fnepw hr hnfn

psImtbncpp Bbw -Iqnqnpg

bpw-t]m-se.

HSphn, aI hmXn HgpInsbn.

""Fp-thWw A\v?'' Ak-lyX hnn-

\n-p tNmZyw.

""FSm tamt\, \ns Xsb Hp ]pdp

sImpt]mSm. B Fdbp sImncpv.''

""Ahn-sSms shw tIdn. hey XWp-

pw.''

""Asm Rm\n-hnsS sISp Nmh-v ,

AteymSm?''

AXp icnbmWtm Fp aI\p tXmn.

Adbvpnepw DSs\ shsapw. hb

mmWtm acW`btasd.

Ah ]nXmhns\ Xmn FWonp.

Cdbp sN]msS Abm hnfnpIqhn:

""FSo `hm\o, B Itkc CsSptmSo,

Rms\m-n-cn--s.''

\ymbamb Bhiyw Ft Fmhcpw Icp

Xn-bp-q.

Nqc-tk-c-bn Nmcn-bn-cpv hr

Pes t\mn ]gb NmXntbmsS

t]mse ]pn-cn-p: ""a-tf, Cu sh-ns Hcp ktmjw Itm. IqSp Xpdp

hn-t]mse.'' Abm Hmf--tfmSp ]mSn:

""HmSnhm Io, NmSnhm Io, Noast

hmSo hmSo....''

]cn-{`m--cmb ap--h Aajw IpSn-n-

dn km[-\- an-tep Ib-p

tPmen XpSp.

hnbpw Ipbpw ]m{X-fpw tImgnbpw

BSpw hsc an-se-n--gn-p. Ing-p-

\nv Hcp ImSnp. sInSns tammbw

Ipepn. IpnI \nehnfnp.

Npn\pw ac-sm-p-I HSn-bp i_vZw.

sIm-s-p-I \new]s XmWp

s]mn.

Ab]---fn\npw [mc-ap-dn-bmsX

Aeapd DbpsImncpp.apv Actbmfw shn hp\nv

At-Xnse hdoXv hrs aI-t\mSp

tNmZnp: ""C\nsm Fm-sNbvI?''

""Rfv Fmw Xntamfn IbpIm.''

""Fs hoSn\v apan....''

""AXpw-IqsS ChnsS tIm-sa-p-h-mev

Xpemw Xmq-em, Fmw sNpw

s]mSnpw Ccnteym. \o ]p]pcm

tcmSv ]d.''

agbncpns\ t`ZnpsImv Hcp ann

W. BImiw cmbnnfp sNmcn

t]m-se. Ip-a-n-tm-sb-nepw hr

Bthi]qhw Atmpt\mn. khNcm

Ncsfbpw RSpnsmv Hcp CSnshn.

B RSp--n\np apmw-Ip-gn-bnp

s]mn thZ-am-WnIyw ]dp: ""_te


35/49

36

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

t`jSm tZth{m, _te, CXpt]mse Hp

IqSn, Cp-t]m-c- v... Hp-IqSn, B hm-sf-

Spv Bsmp hoiqSv. sNmW ImW

v....''

\mep\nanjw Ignv A{X XovWa

m Hcp an; Zp_eamb HcnSnapgw.

Ingh ]dp: ""sO! tamiw, \mWtSv!

\o B]n inatSm. HpIqSn hoiq

Sv.... ImW v........ ''

aI hp]d-p: ""Ahfpw ]nt-cp-

sams Xnbdngnp. Xmsg C\n

Hcp hkvXqw C. A FWoms....''asmcbmc\mb kptZh HmepSbpw

NqSn ap-p-hv Adn-bn-p: ""kmh-

hpw IpSnbm hfpw Fosmv.

Atcmsc AXn -ep - tI -p -Im.

Fmtcw Ippw-]p-ds kvIqfn-tem

sImpt]msW. DSs\ Cpw hcpw.''

aI ]dp: ""kptZhm, \o Cp tIdn

hm. As\ tamfn sImp-t]m-IWw.

Hp Xmv.''

Imhbvp Nppw hwIdp sh

n-t\mSv Inmcw ]dpw Imen-n-f-

nbpw cknncnp hr B mjWw

{in-n-.

Ahcncphcpw tNv Nqctkc s]mn

btm Abm AhcpsS apJp t\mn,

Fn\mWo ]pdmsS AYn.

aIt\mXn: ""shw CcptIdpIm. tamfnt]mImw.''

Ingh {]Xntj[nn. Abmsf Xns

Ccpfn {]XnjvTnn v kptZh t]mbn.

Hcp aqebn Insmncnp aphn

fns shn hr\p {ItaW aI

amsI hyambn. \mbv Abmsf hewhp

apcp \Sp.

Cncngnv Abm aIt\mSp ]dp:

""FSm tamt\, F\nv izmkwapp-p.

Fsmcp thhv! cp-hcn Hme ams-Sm.

Rm Xe tamfnen v Imp]nSnSm.''

""Imv! s]cpwagbm, Ipw aqpanm ag.''

""Rm Npt]mIpsaSm. ag \\mepw

Ipan. FSm s]mptamt\........'' hr

Aeapdbnp.

KXycanmsX aI ]ndp]ndppsImv

Hcp hcn Hme \on. hr\v BImiw Hcp

ZoL-N-Xp-c-ambn ImWm-sa-m-bn. aIs

`mcy, sIgh\v {`mmsWv \ndpmsX

AepsImncpp.""Fs Hs-Wo-o-scSm...''

hr IcpXpSnbtm, aI B

tamlhpw \ndthnsmSp-p.

thZamWnIyw Igptmen ]nSnpsImv

Hcp\nanjw Igpp Ip\np\np. Xebn

hogp agpnI Abm AarX[mc

t]mse Gphmn. hr Igptmen

]nSn-ap-dpn \nhp\n-tm aI

ssIb-b-p. Ipg--an-sp Iv Ah

Xmtg-n-d-n.

hr Hcp ssIsImv Hcp hcn HmeIqSn

hen-p-Xm-gvn. ]ns kml-k-s v Xe

]pd-tp \on. Ip-\nt shw

s]mn-smn hcpI-bm-Wv.

""`hm-\o, Ctm-sgmcp hw Inn-bn -

cp -t-ev, Cu Aq- ImWn-p-X-c-m

-am-bn-cp-s-So.''Bcpw {]Xn-I-cn-n-s-nepw Abm ]e-

hw AXp- ]-d-p. hfsc AI-seqSn

h Xncnpt]mIpp. ""taph

Snnpw Ahmv tXtw thm, Icn

pw thm, {]mamcv'' hr apdpapdp

p.

aI at aqe -bnse Iqc -s]m -fn -p -

Xe]pdnp. AIseqSn t]mIp h


36/49

37

mtUUv 8

sf Iqhnhnfnp.

h-fn Ip-Im-en-Ifpw Bfp-Ifpw

PwKa-km-[-\-fpw s]mbvsm-n-cp-p.Nne Xncnpt\mnbn. ap Nne ssI

ImWnnp ISpt]mbn.

""Hcp\pw Ctmp hcp tImfn'' aI

]ndp-]n-dp-p. ]ns B kSw ASp

hoSns Iqcbvptase I a\pjyapJ

tmSp sNmn. B a\pjy\pw \ndpmsX

Iqhnsmncpp. \mep]mSpw \npbcp

i_vZtafw thZamWnIyns\mcp lcam

bn. Ifcnbns \mep NphSp NhnmDS Xcnp.

""Cp cm{Xow-IqsS ag-bn-s\ \nmev

\psS Iqtcw appw'' aIs mcy tXn.

`hm\nbpsS Cfb ss]X BtcmlWm

h-tcm-l-W--tfmsS Ic-p-sIm-t-bn-cp-

p. ]q hn-p-n Npcp-n-q-Sn-bn-cp-

p tXn. BSns NnWpen\pw apdnhp

m-bn-.

aI CSbvsmp Xe ]nhentm\mbv ]pcapIfntep IpXnpIbdn. Hmf

sf t\mn Hmenbnp. aI hopw h

mbn Xebpw \mhpw \on.

Hcp aemv B Iqcbvpt\sc Xncn

smgpInhp. \mbv aptmp \on AXn

\p-t\sc Ipc-p. ]mv Xe-s]mn Nodn.

\mbv Hp aq{Xsamgnv ]nhmn. aI

Hcp hSn hensSpp shn Xn.

^Wo- { hr-\p -t\sc \on. Infh

AXn-s\ Xe-bmn

kzmKXw sNbvXp:

""hmSm, hm... s\\pw

F\npw CXop ]pd

pNmSm CXpXs

t\cw. Zm, Cu Iqc-

bnepw tIdn Npcpfv.......''

B Pp hewNpn XncnsmgpIntmIp

Xp Iv hr ImnpXpn: ""As

nepw sImWw-]n-SnvW C\-a-, im]w-

]nSn Iqw.''

Npn Cdntbnb cp ImIsfbpw

Npa-en-ten Hcp Imf-bpsS ihw [rXn-bn-

semgpIntmbn; Cncn Igntm Hcp

s]ns PUhpw.

thZamWnIyw aIt\msSt]mse ]dp:

""Hs Pe-a-lm-Im-fosS _en-bm. tZh-X-

Iv AdnpsImSp-n-s-nev Ah-c-

sSppw....''acsmpI, ]m{X, ]eXcw sNSn

I Chsbms hwIdn HgpInhp

sImncpp. Hcp om{Xw Xpnp

ntmIpXp Itm hr kzcw

Xmgvn, Hcp \nKq-Vclkyw shfn-s-Sp-

pwan sNmn: ""Dcpfow hmpsams

hcpw. AXn\Iv \n[n ImWpw, \n[n ]nSn

m sNm samIv shw Noov

AXv t]m-Ipw. hn[n-sbm--ht\ AXpInq.''

Ccp I\pXpSpp. AkvXabambn

cnWw. an\Itpw PesanpS

n.

Nodnh Imn Hcp mKs HmeI ]d

pt]mbn. Athonse HmSpI ]dp

t]m-Ip--Xp-t\mn hr Cf-In-n-cn-p.

{KmaamsI apdhnfnbn apnmgpp.

aIs mcy BsctbmHs Ae-dn -hn -fnv

i]n-p-sIm-n-cp-p.

Hme ]d-p -t]mb

`mKs Nph-cns

Hcp IjWw ASp

hoWp. aI Bthmfw

s]mn \np h-

msc hnfnp tIWp.


37/49

38

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

Hcp dm B hoSn\p t\sc HgpInhcp

Xp Ip. Ah mcysb hnfnp]dp:

""Hcp hw hcvsWmv: sIphw, Fmw

s]dpnq v.......''

hw ASp--Spp hcp-XpI-tm

hr i_vZ-ap -bn hnfn -p -Iqhn:

""Bp sXmgsbSm.... Noh\ntey....''

aI GXm\pw hcn HmeIqSn henpamn.

hw ASpphp\np. hmc Fdn

psImSp Ib Ah Igptmen

_np. hm\nsbbpw `mcysbbpw s]mn

sbSpv hnemn. \mbv Aa\mbnNmSn hn hoWp. Aacp sNp

\nv Ipcp. ap k-Xn-I-sfbpw BSn-

s\bpw PwKakm[\sfbpw Hsmmbn

hneph Gphmn. Hcp Ip Iq

cbvp tase Fn-b -tm ]q

IpXnpNmSn sh-n hoWp]nS-p.

hr ssIsImnncnp. `hm\n AXns\

Xqn -sb -Spv Hcp XpsIm -Spv

h-n-en-p.

""Fmw thKw tIv. Cu s]cp-a-g -hoWp

hw s\dm Fmw Xocpw'' hn

\np shw tImcn-am-n-sm-n-cp--h

XnSpwIqn.

Ab]s IqcIfn\np Zo\mem]

\ DbcpIbmWv; IqhepIfpw. hm

c Aw s]mdp-m Fm-h-tcmSpw

ssI ImWnpsImncpp.

khhpw h-n-\p-n-em-bn--gn--tm aI hrs\ ]nSnps]mn.

""C\n, hnsSSm,'' hr Imep s]mn aIs\

sXmgnp: ""Rms\pw hcvWn.''

""As\p {]mm ImsW. cp \mgnI

Ignm shw Iqcbvp apIfnsepw.''

""FsSm, Xobtm.''

""sIf-hs\ Cp Xqn-sb-Sp-n-S-m''

hnse k`S\mb sNdpmc

Inp. Ah aIs\ XpWbvm Iqc

bn NmSnbdpIbpw sNbvXp.

""FcItf, Fs sXmScpXv. Rm\nhnsS\npw. \nfp t]m...''

""A-s\m `mhw?'' aI ]c-h-i-\mbn

tNmZnp.

""Rmt\m, t\mtlsS s]Iw hcpw

AXnep tIdm \npIbm, FSm tamt\,

\o ]nmtcwsImv Ic]v.''

sNdp--m-c Xn-en-dn hrs\ kao-

]np: ""]nSnbm, Hcp sIgphmin!''

Ah hrs\ ZrV-ambn ]pWp-

bm {ianp. hr CcpssIsImpw

Igptmens\ Npnhcnp RmWpInSp

\nehnfnp. B ssIIsf AgnsSpm

aI F{X {iannpw km[nn.

""t{ZmlnItf, Fs sImmXns\Sm.''

hr Aedn: ""hnev tInbm Rm

sh-n NmSpw. Fs X-bmsW

NmSpw.....''

]pdv hmc [rXnIqn. t\cw Ccp

p-p. ap--htcw Ippw-]p-d-s-n--

Ww.

k--kw-L--e-h Ay-im-k\w

\In: ""Ib-d-gn-m t]mhp-Im, sNw

ImWm-s\m t\c-a-. \nfv hcvsWm

tm? shw IpSnp Nmhm\m aqs

hn[n.''

aI hrs Imep]nSnncp: ""Am, B

ssIhn-Sv.''

ag ZphmintbmsS I\p. hopw Imp

Nodnhp.

hr im-\mbn ]dp: ""tamt\, \o

t]m. ]nttcw sImpt]m. shw

Xmgvn v hm. Rm hcvWn. ChnsS \nv

CsZms Hp ImW v, t]m.......''


38/49

39

mtUUv 8

$ BImihpw Pehpw qanbpw Xncndnbm\mhm hn[w Hmbn, Ccpfmbnon pw

Nncnpcknp \n thZ-am-Wn-Iy-n\v ]noSv Fmhpw kw -hn-n-p-m-hpI? \n-

fpsS k Hcp IYbmbn BhnjvIcnpI.

$ ""Itm, ag-bpsS hchv Itm? Cp XIphmcn s]pw, tItm. B iucyw

Imednbmw'' CXpt]mse agsbpdnv thZamWnIyw \Sp A`n{]mb{]IS

\ IYbn \np IspI. AhbneqsS shfnsSp IYm]m{Xns at\m

`mhsamWv? IqpImcpambn NsNbvXv IpdnsgpXpI.

$ ""thZamWnIysbpw aIs\bpw t]mse Pehpw Cu IYbn kPohamb Hcp IYm

]m{XamWv'' Cu \ncoWtmSp \n tbmPnpptm? NsNbvXv Is

epIfpsS ASnm\n IYbvv BkzmZ\w XbmdmpI.

$ In\m-hp-I-fp-sS- Im-ew, sh-sm--n Fo ]mT-`m-K--fnse kw`m-jW`mj-

bpsS khntijXI FsmsbmWv? \nfpsS {]tZis kw`mjW`mj tiJ

cn-q. kw`m-j-W-`m-j-bn am{Xw D]-tbm-Kn-p ]Z- A-c-am-em-{I-a-n

FgpXn AYw, hni-Zo-IcWw, D]-tbmKnp {]tZiw Fnh Ds-Spn \nLp

Xbm-dm-q.

$ agsSpXnI {]tabambn hcp IYI tiJcnv hmb\pdnp XbmdmpI.

DZm: shsmn XIgn

k`S\mb sNdpmc XncnsI h

n NmSn Ibdgnms\mcpn. hopw

shn Ip\pIgn As\ Zo\

amsbmp t\mnbn v aI\pw hnend

n.

hw \onpSth aI ssI cpw

\on HcnqSn At\mSt]np.

]t, HmffpsS Xmfhn Iqn

\n hrs {]PvRbn B Icn ]Xn

n. Abm ssIhoin bm{Xm\paXntbIn.

h-nse shfnw In\np

ambpwhsc ssIhoinncnp. Hn\p ]ndtI

Hmbn ISph shfn--smw

ssIho-in-smv thZ-am-Wn-Iy-a-s\

\np; agbdnbmsX, XWpdnbmsX, Ccp

fdnbmsX, BImihpw Pehpw qanbpw Xncn

-dn-bm-\m-hm--hn[w Hm-bn, Ccp-fm-bn-

onpw thZ-am-WnIyw Nncnpcknp

\np.

(Fs ]cssZh)


39/49

40

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

{]IrXnbpsS `mhIIfn a\pjys hyXykvX `mh ImWm

Ignbnt? Ccw k- \nfpsS a\n Ftmsgnepw cq]sn

ptm? A\p`h ]phbvq.

ag-bv-pdwhn-P-bevan

hopaps InWpshwRmp-th-e-s-bvn-emp-s]mnBImiw ImWp-hm-s\-n-t\m-n,Bhm-sX-b-tmtg XmWn-d-n.

Bntesm\dnpIqSm

Bgnnctbmfw t]mI -hBSn-am-k--dp-sm-p-am{XwBgS t]meIsmXpmw.

HmfantmaX Xmfan,

\oscmgpns Xnfan,]md-pdp sNs-nt\mnmSnnanm Ibfn.

shm-c--n-, Xpn-\opw

shncao Inepan,apnnSphm sIm\n,aqhnsmn XpSppan.

BcpanmI t]mbn, cmhpw

aqIw, \nebvpp taL-cmKw

]mcnPmXn kpK]qcw]mXn-cm-m-ns kvt\l-kmyw

Fpp Xmtgbvneenapnphogpw ]Xn \mZw;Cn-cn-o-ho-Sn-\p-n-sepw

sapp Pohs kwL-Km\w;


40/49

41

mtUUv 8

$ ""Bpw aWtse Dnbm

DuWpw Ignpdambn

Dd-n kz]v\hpw Ip s]v

An-a-em-hnq-mWv

AImhn hnfmWv''

Cu hcnIfnse Xmfn\pw IhnXbnse Xmfn\pw kam\XIfptm?

sNmnt\mq.

$ InWn AIspt]mb shns NnI IhnXbn \np Isnpdn

q. Ahsb a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-hp-ambn _-s-Sp-m {ian-q. Is--ep-I

Nbvmbn mkn AhXcnnWw.

$ ""ama-c- hI-p-am-n,Nmcp-hm-bmtcm Nncn-p-\ns

Bthmfw ImWm IpXnps]mn

qhp-am-t- ]nSn--Sn

hopaps InWpshw

ho-S-n-sm-sm-Xpn\np

B{Z-au-\-n--I--\w

Zo]vX\{X hnXpdp.''

Cu hcnIfn sXfnbp {]XobpsSbpw \ncmibpsSbpw hym]vXn hniZoIcnpI.

$ IhnXbn \np e np Bib {]tbmP\sSpn InWn ]Xn agpnbpsS hopapepI Ubdnbmbn FgpXq.

$ ""BSn-am-k--dp-sm-p-am{Xw

Bg--S t]me-I-sm-Xpmw''

Cu hcnIfnse AemcIev]\bpsS HuNnXyw hniZampI.

amac hIpamn,

Nmcp-hm-bmtcm Nncn-p-\nsBthmfw ImWm IpXnps]mn

qhpamt ]nSnSn,

hopaps InWpshw

ho-S-n-sm-sm-Xpn\np,B{Z-au-\-n--I--\w

Zo]vX\{X hnXpdp.


41/49

42

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

karnsb maamn am

h\inh

shw kwkvImcns DntI{amWv; Pohs ASnm\amWv. Ad_n,

DZp, lnp-m\n `mj-I-fn AXns\

"A_v' FmWp hnfnpI. "A_Zvctlm'

FXp ka-rnpw tssa-iz-cy-n-\p-

am-bp Biw-k-bm-Wv. Cy F t]cp-

Xs cq]-s-Xv al-mb knp-\Zn

(Indus) F ]Z-n \nm-Wv. knp-

\Zo ]cn-[n-bn-ep `qansb Cy Fphnfnphp. temIsapap kaql

fpsS `uXn-Ihpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb

ta-n sh-n\p tI{-m-\-am-

WpXv. \n`mKyhim, hneaXnm\m

hm Cu hn`hw Cp `ojWnsb A`n

apJoIcnpIbmWv. qanbpsS aqn cp

`mKw shamsWnepw \mw ISp Pe

maw t\cn-tSn-h-cpp.

`qan-bpsS ]mcn-nXnI\mi-n, Pe

-{]Xnknv khXekv]inbpw Xov

Whpw AXy[nIw kqvahpamb Hcp am\

amWpXv. 1998 Ccp]sp cmPy

Pematam Zue`ytam A\p`hnp. 2025

Ccw cmPy--fpsS Fw CXns

Ccnbmhpw. 1990 \pw 2025 \panSbn, Bh

iy-am-b{X shw -e-`n-msX Pohn-p

hnhn[ cmPyfnse P\fpsS Fw 131

aneyWn \nv 817 aney Bbn Dbcpw.2025 BhpXn\v F{Xtbm apv Cy Pe

m-a-n-tev Fn-t-cm km[yX-

bpv.

Hcp cmPyv, {]Xn-hj {]Xn-ioj

Pee`yX Bbncw Iyp_nIv aodn\p Xmsg

bm-sW-n B cmPyw Kuc-h-]qWamb

Pe-maw t\cnSppshp ]d-bmw.

Pe-e-`yX CXn\pw Xmsg-bm-bm cmPy-

ns BtcmKy kmnIhnIk\w

agbvpdw F IhnXbnteXpt]mep A\p`h \app \jvSsSp

IbmtWm? FmWnXns\ms ImcWw? \apssms sNm Ignbpw?


42/49

43

mtUUv 8

XS--s-Spw. {]Xn-ioj Pe-e-`yX 500

Iyp_nIv aodn\pw Xmsgbmbm P\fpsS

\ne\np Xs KpcpXcamb XIcmdnem

hpw. 1951 Cybnse {]Xnioj {]Xn

hj Pee`yX 3,450 Iyp_nIv aodmbncp

p. Fm 1990 IfpsS Ahkm\ambtm

tgpw AXv 1,250 Iyp_nIv aodmbn Ipd

p. 2050 Bhptmtgpw 760 Iyp_nIv

aodmbn Ipdbpsap IcpXsSpp. 1970

apX BtKmf {]Xnioj Pee`yX ap

naqp iXam\ambn Xmgvp. CXn\pIm

cWw P\-kwJymh-f am{X-a; Aan-X-

amb Ptem-]-tbmKw IqSn-bm-Wv. Ign

\qm-n, sh-ns ]nh-en-b

\ncv P\-kw-Jy-mh-f-\n-c-ns\ AXn-

ew-Ln-n-cn-pp.

Fs \mSv Pekarnbn \np Pem

antep amdpXn\v Rm kmywhln

p. Fs Xmgvhcbnse BtmSmp hm

Xn-cp \oscm-gpv 1982 hnhc-p.

Pekw`cWtaJebn \S AIz^nb

J\\ns eambncpp AXv. sUm

]oT`qanbn, bqmen]vkns GIapJ -

Irjn hym]n--tXmsS Ipf-fpw Acp-hn-

Ifpw hnhcXp Rm Ip. lcnXhn

h-ns kmt-Xn-IXI shw Dun-

sb-Sp--Xn-\m kwm-\- Hsm-

mbn Pe-m-a-n-tep Xn-hn-S-s-Sp-

IbmsWp Rm Ip. Pekamb

{]tZifnse kapZmb, AhcpsS Pe

t{kmXpI amen\yfm hnjabam

hp--Xn-s\-Xntc \S-p ka-c-n

Rm ]m-fn-bm-bn. AXymn-bp-sSbpw

Aew`mh]qWamb kmtXnIXbpsSbpw

{]IrXnv \ImhpXntesdsbSpp

Xn-sbpw IY-I-fm-Wv Hmtcm Pe-m-a-

nsbpw ]nnepXv.

Pens ]cnnXnimkv{Xw

Pes ag-bmtbm amtbm kzoI-cn-

p ]mcn-n-XnI{]{In-b- P-e-ns

Nm{InIXbmWv. qanbn hogp Cuw,

\oscmgppI, AIypt^kv, `qK`Pe

t{km-X-p-I Fn-hsb Ch doNmPvv

sNpp. Hcp {]tXyI ]mcnnXnIhyh

bpsS Pee`yX FXv {]tZins

Imemh, q{]IrXnimkv{Xw, hreXm

Zn-I, `ua-imkv{Xw Fn-hsb B{i-bn-

mWp \ne-\np--Xv. Cu Hmtcm Xe-

nepw B[p-\nIa\p-jy `qansb Zphn-

\ntbmKw sNpIbpw shffs, kzoIcn

m\pw kzmwio-I-cn-m\pw kw -cn-m-\p-

ap AXns Ign-hns\ \in-n-p-IbpwsNpp. h\\ioIcWhpw J\\hpw Pe

kw- -c-W-ta-J-e-I-sfbpw shw kwc-n-

m-\p Ign-hn-s\bpw \in-n-p-p.

GIapJ IrjncoXnbpw Ir{Xna h\h

c-Whpw ]mcn-n-XnIhyh-sb Dun

sbSpp Xcnimpp.

Icn t]mep t^mkn C-\--

fpsS h[nphcp D]tbmKw Aco

aen\oIcWn\pw Imemhmamn\pwImcWamhpp. CXv Bhnp sh

smw, sImSp-m-v, hc Fn-h-bn-

tep \bnpp.

hymhkmbnI h\hcWhpw

Pe-{]-Xn-k-nbpw

h\ {]IrXnkzm`mhnI XSmIfmWv.

Ah shs kw`-c-W-{]-tZ-i--fn

\ne\npIbpw AcphnIfmbpw \ocpdh

I-fmbpw ]Xps ]pd-tp hnSp-I-bpamWp sNp--Xv. ag-sbbpw ap

-hogvNsbbpw h\fpsS taemv XSbpp.

CXp ans\ kwcnpIbpw ImSpIfnse

\nen\v shw hensSpm\p tijn

h[nnpIbpw sNpp. CXn Ipdp

shw _mjv]o-I-cnv A-co--n

Xncnsppapv. h\fnse qanbmsI

PoWn ssPhmw-i--fmepw hoWp-In-S-

p CeIfmepw BhcWw sNbvXncnp


43/49

44

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

$ ""aItf, Cu shns ktmjw Itm? IqSpXpdphn t]mse '' IqSpXpdp

hnt]mse hncp \psS Pekv Cp IqneSbvs AhbnemWv.

AXn\p ImcWfpw ]cnlmcamKfpw Isq. temI PeZn\n {]kn

oIcnpXn\pff FUntmdnb Xbmdmq.

$ ""AXymnbpsSbpw Aew`mh]qWamb kmtXnIXbpsSbpw {]IrXnp \Imhp--Xn-tesd FSp-p--Xn-sbpw IY-I-fm-Wv Hmtcm Pe-m-a-n-sbpw ]nn-ep-

Xv'' teJnIbpsS Cu \nco-Ww F{Xtmfw {]kamWv? \ t\cnpsIm

ncnp Pe{]iv\fpsS ASnm\n hniIe\w sNbvXv D]\ymkw Xbm

dmpI.

$ \psS PohnX]cnkcfnse Pehn\ntbmKw \nconpI. AanXamb Pehn\n

tbmKw Ahn-S--fn-sems \S-p-ptm? Is--ep-I-fpsS ASn-m-\n

t]m, eLp-te-J, t\mokv apX-em-bh Xbm-dmn t_m[-h-cW{]h-\-

GsSppI.

p. CXv shs XSp\npIbpw

]p\-cp-m-Zn-n-p-Ibpw sNpw. Ir{Xna

h\hcWhpw GIapJ Irjnk{Zm

bhpw shw HgpIntmIpXn\pw ans

Pe-kw- -c-W-tijn \in-p--Xn\pw Imc-

WamIpp.

hSpIngt Cybnse NndmqnbmWv

`qan-bn Ghpw IqSpX ag e`nncp

ew. {]Xnhjw ]Xns\mp ao ag

bmWv AhnsS s]pXv. Ctm Ahn

Ss h\w \innsp. Nndmqn IpSn

sh{]iv\nemWv! lnamebn \np

]ndhnsIm-p Acp-hn-I hnhc-XvFs Nnnnp. Ipnmev Rm Ipfn

ncpXv Ccw AcphnIfn \nmbncp

p. AXp `uXnIimkv{Xn \np ]cn

nXnhnm-\o-b-n-te-p Fs

ams Xzcnnp. h\w hp]nSnnpXn

eqsS Pehn hfpsS \miw XSbpXn\p

IqSnbmWv Nn]vtIm {]m\w Bcw`nXv.

lnam-e-b-nse ]mcn-n-XnI{]Xn-k-n

aqn-n-Xv hmWn-Pym-Sn-m-\-n-ep

h\-h-c-W-am-Wv. Pe-{]-`-h-tI-{-

hnhctXmsS HcpImev tymm

Z\n kzbw]cym]vXambncp {Kma

fn-tep `y-h-kvXp- Cd-p-aXn

sNm XpSn. h\ A{]Xyamb

tXmsS ae-bn-Sn-nepw sh-sm-hpw

\nXy-kw-`-h--fm-bn. 1970se Af-I-\

Zpcw Hmp-I. Hcp henb an-Sn-n-

ens ^eambn AfI\bpsS KXn XSb

sSpIbpw Bbncw NXpc{iIntemao qan

shn appIbpw \nch[n ]mefpw

tdmUpIfpw \mamhtijamhpIbpw sNbvXp.

1978emWv tXhmL v Zpcw \SXv. AXvAfI\ Zpcsm cqambncpp.

\mev NXpc{iIntemao hym]vXnbp Hcp

XSmIw cq]s v mKocYo \Znbntev, Hcp

aecnhp apgph\mbpw XIphogpIbm

bncpp. CtXmsS XSmIw s]mnIv

KwKmXSn Hcp shsmw Dmbn.

Cu kw`hw h\fnse Pekw`cW tI{

fpsS {]m[m\yspdnp Xncndn

hn-tep `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Isf DWm

Imc-W-am-bn.

]cn`mj: sF.hn. _m_p(Pebp)


44/49

45

mtUUv 8

Aw`v Pew

A[o-iXzw tatmbva

A\w Ah-km-\-an-m-Xv,A-an-m--Xv

A\-izcw \in-m-Xv,\iz-c-a-m-Xv

A\Lw hne-a-Xn-m -h-m

A\p-c-W\w amsmen

A-hn-izmkw aqV-hn-izm-kw

Akmw-KXyw tbmPn-n-mbva

BSn-amkw Hcp Xangv amkw(In-S-I-amkw)

Bfl-an{Xw DNmXn

B\m-b-\mcn tKm]kv{Xo

B`mkw AXp-t]mse tXmn-p-Xv (B`mknpXv)

Bn ZpxJw, sImXn

B{Zw Aenhv, \\hv

Bebw hoSv

Bew_w B{ibw

CI-gvpI tamiambn ImWnpI

CSh-mXn CSham-k-ns a[yw,(Ime-hjw)

Cf-In-bmw IY-I-fn-bnse cp XcwA`n\bfn Hv

Cdbw Xn, ]pd-n (C-d-bIw Cdbw)

DpwK-irwKw Db sImSp-apSn

Djv {]`mXw

Ibw Pem-i-b-nse Bg-n-ep ew

Icn-Sw ]cp-]-cp Idp ]pXv

Iev]mw {]f-bw-, {]f-b-Imew(Iev]ns Aw)

Im\\w ImSv

Inf-h hr (In-g-h)

\nLp

sIm-sv hfsc s]m-apXpw^ew \nXpamb sXv

IrX-X \n

KXy-cw ap amKw (KXn + Acw asmcp KXn)

Nme hfsc, Nmse (]gbae-bmf ]Zw)

Nmhp-]q-b\ ac-Wm-\-c]qP({]m-tZ-in-Iw)

NnWp- Ipp--sf-tmseimTyw-]n-Snp Ic-b

Npg-ehpw Nppw

PwKaw Cf-Ip-Xv

Rmp-the kqcy Hcp \{XaWvUen \npImew (Rmbdv the)Rmb kqcy

XmcpWyw bphXzw

Xmfn-tbme Fgp-Xm-\p]tbm-Kn-p

]\-tbmeXyPn-pI Dt]-n-pI

Zo\w tcmKw, kpJtSv

Zo\mem-]\w kSw \ndkw`m-jWw

Zo]vXw {]Im-i-abw

[qfn s]mSn

\izcw \in-p-Xv

\n[\ ]mhs- -h, Zcn-{Z([-\-an-m--h)

\nkvtX-P tim`-bn-m--h(tX-P-n-m--h)

\ockw apjn-n, hntcm[w(ckanmXv. \nx+ckw)

\ocp Pew IqSnb

\odm-hpI sho-dm-hpI, Nmc-am-hpI

s\cn-tmSv Xon

ss\c-cyw \nc-cw Dm-bn-sm-n-cnpXv (XpS)


45/49

46

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

]hn{Xw ]cn-ipw

]mcn h[n (`mcn-)

]mcnSw `qan

]pe`yw No, hj-fw

]qtWp ]qWN{(]qW + Cp)

{]Ir-Xn -P\yw {]Ir-Xn-bn\nvDm-Ip-Xv

{]IrXy\pkmcn {]Ir-Xn--\p-k-cn-

^Wn ]mv (^Ww D-Xv.^Ww ]n)

^Wo-{ k--fpsS cmPmhv

(A-\-)an-cn-pI a{n-pI

atl-iz-c inh

aqhn aqmas Anbmbky. ({]`m-Xw, D,ky Fns\ aqvAn-I)

sapp \nd-bpp

bp\m\n Hcp NnIn-m-coXn

tbmmhv bpw sNp-h,

]S-bmfn

emhWyw kucyw, Dv FYap ehW]Z-n \nv DmbXv.

embw IpXn-c-sb -sIp Be

hw hnUvVnw

han-pI hjn-pI,shfn-bn-tep hnSpI

h-sa-gp h-ap

hemlw taLw (h-em-l-Iw)

hmcWw B\

hnXpd-pI (hnv) BImiwXpdpI

hn-h tZhm (hnneph)

inincw XWp-p-Imew, Ce-s]m-gn-bp Imew

(Bdv EXpfn Hv)ipjvIw DW-nb, timjn-

ssiew ]hXw

iucyw iqc-X

izmhv \mb

khmcn bm{X

kv][ a-cw, Akqb

kh-kw-K]-cn-XymKn kymkn

kmy-tim` kym-k-a-bs tim`

kw{I-an-pI ]I-cpI

kw{`m- ]cn-{`-an--h

kwkm-c-t-i-apn Pohn-X-Zpx-J--fn

\np tamN\w

tlaw ap-Im-ew(Bdv EXpfn Hv)


46/49

47

mtUUv 8

sNdp-tcn

F.-Un. 15-mw \qm-n Pohn-n-cp alm-I-

hn. F.-Un. 1445 75 Imev tIme-p-\mSp

`cn-n-cp DZ-b-has ]finXkZ-nse

AwKam-bn-cp-p. Ihn-Xm-hm-k-\-bpw ]mfin-

Xyhpw `mh-\m-k-pw Hn-W-nb Ihn.

IrjvW-Km-Y-bmWv {][m\ IrXn. `n-bpw

^en-Xhpw irwKm-c-hpw Ie Imhy-amWv

IrjvW-KmY.

h-tm \mcm-bWtat\m (1878- -1958)

ae-_m-dnse sh-p-\m-n tNc h-

tm hon P\n-p. tZio-b-t_m-[w

DWp Ihn-X-I Fgp-Xn. _\--

\mb A\n-cp-, aKvZ-e-\-a-dn-bw, injy\pw

aI-\pw, A\pw aIfpw XpS-nb Jfi-Im-

hy-, Nn{X-tbmKw alm-Im-hyw, "kmln-Xy-a-RvP-cn'-sb-- t]-cn ]Xn-s\mp Ihn-Xm-

k-am-lm-c- XpS-n-bh {][m-\- Ir-Xn-I-

fm-Wv. hmevao-In-cm-am-b-Ww, EtKz-Zw, `mk-

sbpw Imfn-Zm-k-sbpw \mS-I- XpSn

[mcmfw IrXn -I ae-bm-f -n-tep

hnh\w sNbvXp. tIcf Iem-a-fiew

m]n-p--Xn\p t\XrXzw \In. ]fl-`q-

j _lp-aXn e`n-n- p-v.

kRvPb (Fw.-B.-\m-b) (1903 1943)

amWn-tmv cmapn \mb. Iq Pn-

bn Xe-tcn Xncp-h-mSv HX-tbmv P\n-

p. kRvP-b FXv Xqen-Im-\maamWv.

`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I DssS hn-hn-[- cw-K--

fn-ep--h kRvPbs aq-tb-dnb ]cn-

lm-k-n\p ]m{X--fm-bn-pv. kmaq-lnI-

]p-tcmK-Xn-bmWv Cu ]cn-lm-k-n-eqsS

ey-am-n-bXv. "k-b' hn`m-K-nsSp-

-XmWv lmk-c-N-\-I-fn-e-[n-I-hpw.

kRvP-b (6 `mKw), kmln-Xy-\n -Ijw

(2 `mKw), -lm-kym-RvPen, HYtm (]cn-`m-j)

Fnh At-l-ns {][m\ IrXn-I-fm-Wv.

sshw apl-Zv _jo (1908 1994)

tImbw Pnbn sshn\Spv Xetbm

e--d-n P\n-p. ]mp-m-bpsS BSv,

pq-m-sm-cm-t\-mv!, t{]a-te-J-\w,

_me-y-Im-e-k-Jn, i_vZ-, ac-W-ns

\ng-en, Pohn-X-\n-gm-Sp-I, aXn-ep-I,

am{n-I-q-, A\p-cm-K-ns Zn\-, P-

Zn-\w, Hma-p-dn-v, hni-z-hn-J-ym-X-amb aqv,

hni-v, B\-q-S, Nncn-p ac-m-h, `qan-

bpsS Ah-Im-in-I, innSnap, bm

Cemln, apo- p-I-fn-m-cs aI, B\-hm-

cnbpw s]mIp-cn-ipw, es {][m\Znhy, IYm-_o-Pw, t\cpw \pW-bpw, Hma-

bpsS Ad-I (B-fl-I-Y), `mKho-\n-e-bw

(Xnc-Y) XpS-nbh {][m\ IrXn-I.

tIc-f- km-ln-Xy Am-Zan AwK-X-zw, tI{ -

km-ln-Xy Am-Zan s^tm-jnv, kzm-X-{y

ka-c-{]-h-\-n\v Xm{a-]{Xw, Imen-v

kh-I-em-im-e-bpsS HmW-ddn Un env, h-

tm ]pc-kvImcw Fn-s\ \nc-h[n

AwKoIm-c- e`n-n-p-v.

Fkv.hn. thWp-tKm-]\mb

1946- Xncp-h-\--]pcw Pn-bnse s\m-

nI-c-bn Ipf-q (Im-tcm-Sv) F

ev P\-\w. tImtfPv A[ym-]-I,

{]nkn- Fo \ne-I-fn {]h-n-p.

IrXn-I: K`-{io-am, BZn-ti-j, Xnw

XovWw Xnancw, Hmew, IYIfXnkmZcw,

]c-ssZ-h-, ho-Sns \m\mYw, hcp-

{KImcmcpw IrXnIfpw


47/49

48

ASn-m\]mTmhenaebmfw

tm Rms\-p- ]-dbpw?, tcJ-bn-m

Hcm, `qan-]p-{Xs hgn. tIcf kmlnXy

Am-Zan AhmUv e`n-n- pv.

tUm: h-\-inh

1952 DcmJ-finse sUdm-Uq-Wn P\n-

p. `uXn -I-im-kv{X-, ]cn -n-Xn{]-

hI, Fgp-p-Im-cn. h\\-io-I-c-W-n-

s\-Xntc 1970 Ifn \S Nn]vtIm -{]-m-

\-n-eqsS ]cn-nXn kwc-WcwKv

hp. `uXnIimkv{X-n tUmIvS-tdv

t\Sn. Ctm-s^-an\nv {]m-\-ns

\mb-I-cn Hcm-fm-Wv. 1993 _Z t\m_km\sadnbsSp ssdv ssehvenlpUv

AhmUv Ic--am-n. sFIy-cm-jv{S-k-`-

bpsS FvtU, bp. -F. -C. -]n -bpsS

tm_500 XpS-nb AhmUp-Ifpw e`n-

npv.

tbnMv Fsse-hv, Ctm-fPn B v Z s]mfn-

nIvkv Hm^v kssh-h, Z hb-ekv Hm^v

{Ko sdh-eq-j, tmf lmsh-kv-v,

hm hmkv Fnh IrXn-I.

hn-P-b-evan

1960 FdWm-Ipfw Pn-bnse apf-p-cp-n-

bn P\n-p. sSentImw hIp-n tPmen.

tIc-f - km-lnXy Am-Zan P\-d

Iukn AwKw. arK-in--I, Xs

aI, ag-X attXm apJw, Ay-{]-tem- -

\w, lna-k-am-[n, H-a-Wcn XpS-n-b-h-bmWv {][m\ Ihn -Xm -k-am -lm -c -.

kmlnXy Am-Zan AhmUv e`n-npv.

Pn.-a-[p-kq-Z-\

sImw Pn-bn s]cn-\mSv ]m-b-nse

sNdp-aqSv F {Kma-n P\n-p. 1976

sF.-F.-Fkv. e`np Ctm hniz-kp-nc

DuP Cn-yq-ns Ub-d-IvS P\-d.

{][m-\- Ir-Xn-I: `mhp-IXzw 21-mw \qm-n, IYbpw ]cn-n-Xnbpw XpS-n-b-h.

tIcf kmlnXy Am-Zan AhmUv e`n-

npv.

bqdn \Ko-_n (1920 1994)

djy kmln-Xy-Im-c. tamkvtIm-bn

P\\w. Xnc--Ym-Irpw sNdp-I-Ym-Ir-

pw._pv Hm^v Nn{U, am {^w

{^v, _nKv lm v, ss{K Hm v sse v, am

B v tdmkv, ^m B v \nb, {Ko t_Uvhnv sdUv slUv Fnh IrXn-I..


48/49

{]Xn

Cy Fs cmPy-am-Wv. Fm Cy-mcpw Fs ktlm-

Z-co- ktlmZc-m-cm-Wv.

Rm Fs cmPys kvt\ln-pp; kqWhpw

sshhn-[y-]qW-hp-amb AXns ]mc--cy-n Rm

A`n-am\w sImpp.

Rm Fs amXm]nXmsfbpw Kpcpmscbpw apXn

hscbpw _lp-am-\n-pw.

Rm Fs cmPynsbpw Fs \mpImcpsSbpw tan\pw sFiz-cy-n-\pw- thn {]bXv\npw.


49/49

Cy `c-W-L-S\`mKw IVI

auenI Ihy

51 I. auenI I-hy- Xmsg--d-bp-h `mc-X-nse Hmtcm ]uc-

sbpw Ihyw BbncnpXmWv

(I) `c-W-L-S-\sb A\p-k-cn-p-Ibpw AXns BZi--sfbpw m]-\--

sfbpw tZiob]XmIsbbpw tZiobKm\sbpw BZcnpIbpw sNpI;

(J) kzmX{yn\pthnbp \psS tZiobkacn\v {]tNmZ\w \Inb

al\obmZisf ]cnt]mjnnpIbpw ]nXpScpIbpw sNpI;

(K) `mc-X-ns ]c-am-[n-Im-chpw sFIyhpw AJ-fi-Xbpw \ne-\np-Ibpw

kwcnpIbpw sNpI;

(L) cmPys ImpkqnpIbpw tZiob tkh\w A\pjvTnphm Bhiy

sSptm A\pjvTnpIbpw sNpI;

(M) aX]-chpw `mjm]-chpw {]mtZinIhpw hn`mKo-b-hpamb sshhn[y-Xo-

Xambn `mcXnse Fm P\panSbn, kulmZhpw s]mXphmb

kmtlmZcy-at\m`mhhpw ]pepI. kv{XoIfpsS An\v Ipdhp hcp

p BNmc ]cnXyPnpI;

(N) \psS kn{ikwkvIm-c-ns k--amb ]mc--cys hne-a-Xn-p-Ibpw \ne\ndppIbpw sNpI;

(O) h\-fpw XSm-I-fpw \Zn-Ifpw h\yPo-hn-Ifpw Ds-Sp {]IrXym D

]cnnXn kwcnpIbpw A`nhrnsSppIbpw PohnItfmSv ImcpWyw

ImWnpIbpw sNpI;

(P) imkv {Xo-b -amb Img vN-mSpw am\ -hn -I -Xbpw, At\z-j -W-n\pw

]cnjvIcWn\pw D at\m`mhhpw hnIknnpI;

(Q) s]mXp-kzv ]cn-c-n-p-Ibpw i]Yw sNbvXv A{Iaw Dt]-n-p-Ibpw

sNpI;

(R) cmjv{Sw bXv\-n-sbpw ey-{]m-]vXn-bp-sSbpw D-X-X-e--fn-tev\nccw Db-c---hw hyn-]-chpw Iqm-b-Xp-amb {]h-\-ns

Fm afie-fnepw DIrjvSXbvpthn A[zm\npI.

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