Mako 9780804176583 4p all r1 - olvas.hu · Herbert Sargent (Pilot, VF-32) Roy Shaul ... Accident Report. 1948. 1st Marine Air Wing ... 2nd Lt. Charles C. Ward, SBD-5 SN 28740, Accident

B I B L I O G R A P H Y

T H A N K Y O U T O T H E M E N A N D W O M E N of the Greatest Generation who granted us interviews for this book and shared their letters, diaries, personal memoirs, and written accounts.

Due to the space limitations, I could not list every name or describe every face in the manuscript, yet still you contributed, both in the spotlight and behind the scenes. Your memories enriched Devotion and honored your comrades, friends, and family.

My deepest thanks go out to:

Jack Allen (H&S/3/7, 1st Marine Division)Halley Bishop (Flight Deck Corpsman, VF- 33)Robert Blackington (Pilot, VA- 35)Richard Bonelli (F/2/7, 1st Marine Division)Ira Bossert (USS Leyte)Lyle Bradley (Pilot, VMF- 214)Fletcher Brown (Jesse Brown’s brother)Lura Brown (Jesse Brown’s brother)Harry Burke (F/2/7, 1st Marine Division)

Mako_9780804176583_4p_all_r1.indd 423 8/24/15 11:17 AM

424 BIBLIOGRaPhy

Hector Cafferata Jr. (F/2/7, 1st Marine Division)Richard Cantrell (Pilot, VA- 35)Roland Christensen (Jesse Brown’s flight instructor)Edward Coderre (H/3/7, 1st Marine Division)Jack Cogdell (Pilot, VF- 31)Jack Coleman (H/3/7, 1st Marine Division)Robert Duncan (H/3/7, 1st Marine Division)Robert Ezell (F/2/7, 1st Marine Division)Sam Folsom (Pilot & Operations Officer, MAG- 12, USMC)William Gelonek (Pilot, VF- 32)Martin Goode (Pilot, VF- 32)Albert Grasselli (Pilot, VMF- 212)Daniel Holland (CO, 7th Marine Regiment Forward Air Controllers)John Homan (H/3/7, 1st Marine Division)James Hudner (Tom Hudner’s brother)Mary Hudner (Tom Hudner’s sister)Phillip Hudner (Tom Hudner’s brother)Rick Hudner (Tom Hudner’s brother)Thomas Hudner Jr. (Pilot, VF- 32)W. Carl Jeckel (Plane Captain, VF- 33)H. Newt Key Jr. (Pilot, VF- 32)William Koenig (Pilot, VF- 32)John Margie (H&S/3/7, 1st Marine Division)Ken McLaurin (USS Leyte)John Mills (I/3/7, 1st Marine Division)Jack Mitchell (USS Leyte)John Mitchell (H&S/3/7, 1st Marine Division)Robert Molson (USS Leyte)William Morin (Wpns/3/7, 1st Marine Division)Gene Morrison (Pilot, VMO- 6)Clifford Myer (H&S/3/7, 1st Marine Division)William Parish (Pilot, VF- 31)John Parkinson (Wpns/3/7, 1st Marine Division)Peter Pitz (Pilot, VF- 33)


BIBLIOGRaPhy 425

Walter Rathmann (USS Leyte)Stan Roberts (USS Leyte)Pat Roe (H&S/3/7, 1st Marine Division)Bryan Rudy (Pilot, VF- 32)William Sallada (Pilot, VF- 33)Herbert Sargent (Pilot, VF- 32)Roy Shaul (H&S/3/7, 1st Marine Division)Darrell Smith (Pilot, VMF- 312)Richard Stack (Pilot, VF- 32)Dell Thomas (Pilot, HU2 Helicopter Utility Squadron, USS Leyte)Daisy Brown Thorne (Jesse Brown’s wife)William Wilkinson (Pilot, VF- 32)

Official Documents and Reports

1st Lt. Charles C. Ward, HO3S- 1 SN 122522, Accident Report. 1948.1st Marine Air Wing Historical Diary. November– December 1950.1st Marine Division Historical Diary. November– December 1950.2nd Lt. Charles C. Ward, SBD- 5 SN 28740, Accident Report. 1944.7th Marine Regiment, 3rd Battalion, Special Action Report. October–

December 1950.Army Field Manual FM 23- 32 “Rocket Launchers.” 1949.Attack Squadron Thirty Five Historical Report. July– December 1950.Cmdr. Richard L. Cevoli, F9F- 6 SN 128278, Accident Report. 1955.Corsair Serial Number 82050 Aircraft History Card. 1950.Corsair Serial Number 97231 Aircraft History Card. 1950.Ens. Carol R. Mohring, F4U- 4 SN 81357, Accident Report. 1949.Ens. Carol R. Mohring, F4U- 4 SN 80950, Accident Report. 1950.Ens. Jesse L. Brown, F4U- 4 SN 97231, Accident Report. 1950.Fighter Squadron Thirty One Historical Report. July– December 1950.Fighter Squadron Thirty Three Historical Report. July– December

1950.Fighter Squadron Thirty Three Operational Report. October

1950– January 1951.


426 BIBLIOGRaPhy

Fighter Squadron Thirty Two Historical Report. July– December 1950.Fighter Squadron Thirty Two Operational Report. October

1950– January 1951.Inadequacies Noted in the System of Control of Close Air Support

Aircraft. 1951.Lt. (JG) Robert O. Davis, HO3S- 1 SN 122709, Accident Report. 1950.Pfc. Edward Coderre NAVMED Report, USNH, Newport, R.I. 1950.Presentations of USS Leyte Officers, Air Group Three. 1951.Production Inspection Trials of the Model F4U- 4 Airplane. 1948.Report of Sixth Fleet Exercises. July 15– 20, 1950.Substance of Statements Made at Wake Island Conference on 15

October 1950. Compiled by General of the Army Omar N. Bradley.

USS Boxer Action Reports. October 1950.USS Leyte “32’s News” Ship’s Newspapers. 1950– 1951.USS Leyte Action Reports. October 1950– January 1951.USS Leyte “Daily Press News” Releases. October– December 1950.USS Leyte Deck Logs. May– December 1950.USS Leyte Korean Cruise Book. 1950– 1951.USS Leyte Six Fleet Mediterranean Cruise Book. 1950.USS Leyte War Diary. 1950.USS Missouri War Diary. 1950.USS Philippine Sea Action Reports. October– December 1950.USS Valley Forge Action Reports. November– December 1950.USS Worcester Six Fleet Mediterranean Cruise Book. 1950.USS Wright Deck Log. April 4, 1950.VF- 14 Aircraft Action Report. June 19, 1944.VMO- 6 Action Report. October– December 1950.

Books

Applebaum, Anne. Iron Curtain. New York: Anchor, 2012.Appleman, Lt. Col. Roy E. East of Chosin. College Station: Texas

A&M University Press, 1987.


BIBLIOGRaPhy 427

Atkins, Edward. On Which We Serve. Bloomington: WestBow, 2011.Bartsch, William H. December 8, 1941: MacArthur’s Pearl Harbor.

College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2003.Beach, J. M. Gateway to Opportunity: A History of the Community

College in the United States. Sterling: Stylus, 2011.Brown, Lt. Col. Ronald J. Whirlybirds: U.S. Marine Helicopters in

Korea. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Marine Corps, 2003.Cagle, Malcolm W., and Frank A. Manson. The Sea War in Korea.

Annapolis: Naval Institute, 1957.Cohen, Yohanan. Small Nations in Times of Crisis and Confronta-

tion. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.Courtois, Stéphane, Jean- Louis Panné, Andrzej Paczkowski, Karel

Bartosek, Jean- Louis Margolin, and Nicolas Werth. The Black Book of Communism: Crimes, Terror, Repression. Ed. Mark Kramer. Trans. Jonathan Murphy. Cambridge: Harvard Univer-sity Press, 1999.

D’Amato, Donald A. Images of America: Warwick. Charleston: Arcadia, 1996.

Doss, Erika L. Looking at Life Magazine. Washington, D.C.: Smith-sonian Institution, 2001.

Drury, Bob, and Tom Clavin. The Last Stand of Fox Company. New York: Grove, 2009.

Edwards, Paul M. Korean War Almanac (Almanacs of American Wars). New York: Facts on File, 2006.

Field, James A., Jr., and Ernest M. Eller. History of United States Naval Operations: Korea. Honolulu: University of the Pacific Press, 2001.

Fletcher, Gregory G. Intrepid Aviators: The American Flyers Who Sank Japan’s Greatest Battleship. New York: NAL Caliber, 2013.

Forero, Lt. Col. L., Maj. C. Bailey, Maj. W. Cunningham Jr., Maj. C. Ebbingar, Maj. J. Stone, Maj. R. Bondel, Maj. W. Drake, Maj. T. Garrett, Maj. Y. Lim, and Maj. R. Watford Jr. Battle Analysis, Wonsan, Rear Area Operations (3rd Infantry Division,


428 BIBLIOGRaPhy

Korea, November 1950). Rep. no. AD- A152745. Fort Leaven-worth: Combat Studies Institute, 1984.

Foss, Christopher F. Artillery of the World. New York: Charles Scrib-ner’s Sons, 1981.

Gaddis, John L. The Cold War. New York: Penguin, 2005.Goncharov, Sergei, Litai Xue, and John Lewis. Uncertain Partners:

Stalin, Mao, and the Korean War. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995.

Gugeler, Russell A. Combat Actions in Korea. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Army Center of Military History, 1970.

Hallion, Richard P. The Naval Air War in Korea. New York: Zebra, 1986.

Hammel, Eric M. Chosin: Heroic Ordeal of the Korean War. New York: Vanguard, 1981.

Hannings, Bud. The Korean War: An Exhaustive Chronology. Vol. 1. Jefferson: McFarland, 2007.

Hoyt, Edwin P. The Bloody Road to Panmunjom. New York: Stein and Day, 1986.

Jacobs, Bruce. Korea’s Heroes. New York: Berkley Medallion, 1961.Kirkland, Richard C. MASH Angels. Short Hills: Burford, 2009.Krylov, Leonid, and Yuriy Tepsurkaev. Soviet MiG- 15 Aces of the

Korean War. Oxford: Osprey, 2008.Lech, Raymond B. Broken Soldiers. Urbana- Champaign: University

of Illinois Press, 2000.Leue, Capt. David. Korean Combat: The Four Freedoms Betrayed.

Lexington: n.p., 2013.Lewis, Jack. Chosen Tales of Chosin. North Hollywood: Challenge,

1964.MacGregor, Morris J., Jr. Integration of the Armed Forces, 1940– 1965.

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1981.Meyers, Bruce F. Swift, Silent, and Deadly: Marine Amphibious

Reconnaissance in the Pacific, 1942– 1945. Annapolis: U.S. Naval Institute, 2004.


BIBLIOGRaPhy 429

Miller, William L. Two Americans: Truman, Eisenhower, and a Dangerous World. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2012.

Milligan, Sean P. Quonset Point, Naval Air Station. Charleston: Arcadia, 1996.

———. Quonset Point, Naval Air Station. Vol. 2. Charleston: Arcadia, 1998.

Montross, Lynn, and Capt. Nicholas A. Canzona. U.S. Marine Operations in Korea: The Chosin Reservoir Campaign. Vol. 3. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Marine Corps, 1957.

Nalty, Bernard. Winged Shield, Winged Sword, 1950– 1997: A History of the United States Air Force. Honolulu: University of the Pacific Press, 2003.

O’Donnell, Patrick K. Give Me Tomorrow. Cambridge: Da Capo, 2010.

Owen, Joseph R. Colder Than Hell. Annapolis: Naval Institute, 1996.Parker, Lt. Col. Gary W., and Maj. Frank M. Batha Jr. A History of

Marine Observation Squadron Six. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Marine Corps, 1982.

Rackham, Oliver. The Making of the Cretan Landscape. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1997.

Roberts, John. The Aircraft Carrier Intrepid. Annapolis: Naval Insti-tute, 1982.

Roe, Patrick C. The Dragon Strikes. Novato: Presidio, 2000.Russ, Martin. Breakout: The Chosin Reservoir Campaign, Korea 1950.

New York: Fromm International, 1999.Sandler, Stanley, ed. The Korean War: An Encyclopedia. New York:

Routledge, 2013.Sauter, Jack. Sailors in the Sky. Lincoln: University of Nebraska

Press, 2011.Schnabel, James F. Policy and Direction: The First Year. Washington,

D.C.: Center of Military History, 1992.Schneller, Robert J. Breaking the Color Barrier: The U.S. Naval

Academy’s First Black Midshipmen and the Struggle for


430 BIBLIOGRaPhy

Racial Equality. New York: New York University Press, 2005.

Sears, David. Such Men as These. Cambridge: Da Capo, 2010.Simmons, Gen. Edwin H. Frozen Chosin: U.S. Marines at the

Changjin Reservoir. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Marine Corps, 2002.

Spurr, Russell. Enter the Dragon. New York: Newmarket, 1988.Stewart, Richard W., ed. American Military History. Vol. 2. Washing-

ton, D.C.: Dept. of the Army, 2010.Summers, Col. Harry, Jr. Korean War Almanac. New York: Facts on

File, 1990.Taylor, Theodore. The Flight of Jesse Leroy Brown. New York: Avon,

1998.Thompson, Warren. F4U Corsair Units of the Korean War. Oxford:

Osprey, 2009.———. Naval Aviation in the Korean War. South Yorkshire: Pen &

Sword, 2012.Tooker, D. K. The Second Luckiest Pilot. Annapolis: Naval Institute,

2000.Wagner, Robert F., Arthur Capper, Joseph Cavagan, and Hamilton

Fish, comps. Lynching Goes Underground. N.p.: n.p., 1940.

Walker, Jack D. A Brief Account of the Korean War. N.p.: n.p., n.d.Warren, James A. American Spartans. New York: Free Press, 2005.Weapons: An International Encyclopedia from 5000 B.C. to 2000

A.D. New York: St. Martin’s, 1990.

Magazines

“ALNAVS, NAVACTS in Brief.” All Hands, Nov. 1946: 62– 63.Black, Charles L. “Briefing off Wonsan.” Flying, Feb. 1951: 24+.———. “A Carrier Goes to War.” Flying, Dec. 1950: 24+.———. “Korean Strike: From the Back Seat.” Flying, Jan. 1951:

16+.


BIBLIOGRaPhy 431

Cavendish, Richard. “The Greek Civil War Ends.” History Today, 1999. HistoryToday.com.

Elliott, Lawrence. “Widows of Honor.” Coronet, Sept. 1953: 59– 61.Farrell, Sean. “Not Just Farms Anymore: The Effects of World War II

on Mississippi’s Economy.” Mississippi History Now, Mississippi Historical Society, Sept. 2001.

Grasselli, Maj. Albert, II. “Chosin to CQ.” Foundation, Fall 1997: 30– 33.

Hemingway, Al. “Airman Down in Korean Hills.” Military History, June 1995: 54– 60.

Herring, George C., Jr. “Lend- Lease to Russia and the Origins of the Cold War, 1944– 1945.” The Journal of American History 56.1 (1969): 93– 114.

“How Could Soviet Attack Come?” Life, Feb. 27, 1950: 20– 29.Kaiser, Helen. “Pioneering Spirit.” Wilkes, Fall 2010: 12.Kerr, Frank. “At the Reservoir: Through the Eyes of a Combat

Photographer.” Leatherneck, Dec. 1990.Lashmar, Paul. “Stalin’s ‘Hot’ War.” New Statesman Society 9,

no. 388 (1996): 24.“The Last Days of a Navy Pilot.” Ebony, Apr. 1951: 15– 17.Lester, Connie. “Economic Development in the 1930s: Balance

Agriculture with Industry.” Mississippi History Now, Mississippi Historical Society, May 2004.

“Lieutenant (jg) Thomas Hudner, Jr. Medal of Honor.” Life, May 26, 1952: 131.

“Public Relations Is an All Hands Job.” All Hands, Aug. 1950: 2– 5.Rasula, Col. George. “Chapter 74.” Ed. Byron Sims. Changjin

Journal, 2009.“Refugees: Innocents’ Day.” Time, Jan. 9, 1950.Rose, P. K. “Two Strategic Intelligence Mistakes in Korea, 1950.”

Studies in Intelligence (2001). CIA Library. Center for the Study of Intelligence, Apr. 14, 2007.

Schneller, Robert J., Jr. “Oscar Holmes: A Place in Naval Aviation.” Naval Aviation News, Jan.– Feb. 1998: 26– 27.


432 BIBLIOGRaPhy

Schoeni, Lt. Comdr. Arthur L. “Fire Bombs Blaze a Trail of War.” Popular Mechanics, July 1951: 108+.

Skates, John R. “German Prisoners of War in Mississippi, 1943– 1946.” Mississippi History Now. Mississippi Historical Society, Sept. 2001.

Tooker, Lt. Col. D. K. “The Jesse Brown Story.” Foundation, Spring 1993: 8– 18.

“We Finally Got Ya!” Pentecostal Evangel, Jan. 10, 1999: 30– 31.Weathersby, Kathryn. “To Attack, or Not to Attack? Stalin, Kim Il

Sung, and the Prelude to War.” Cold War International History Project Bulletin (Spring 1995): 1– 9.

Weems, John E. “Black Wings of Gold.” Proceedings, July 1983: 35– 39.

Newspapers

“Ask Medal for Pilot Who Tried to Save Brown.” Chicago Defender, Dec. 23, 1950: 1.

Baldwin, Hanson W. “ ‘Cold War’ Involves Mediterranean.” New York Times, Jan. 18, 1948: E5.

———. “The Landing at Inchon.” New York Times, Sept. 18, 1950: 4.———. “Prolonged Fight Seen.” New York Times, Jan. 4, 1950: 2.———. “Red Threat to Asia Gains.” New York Times, Dec. 18, 1949: 27.“Both Races Honor Hero in Mississippi Ceremony.” The

Afro- American [Washington], Oct. 9, 1951: 14.Brindley, Thomas K. “Congressional Honor Medal Is Presented

to Lt. Hudner.” Herald News [Fall River], Apr. 13, 1951.———. “Honor Medal Man Hudner Awaits Further Navy Orders.”

Herald News [Fall River], Apr. 14, 1951.“Clue Said to Back U.S. Baltic Charge.” New York Times, Apr. 27,

1950: 17.“Cmdr. Cevoli’s Funeral Is Held.” Providence Journal, Jan. 1955.Culshaw, Peter. “How Jazz Survived the Soviets.” The Telegraph.

Telegraph Media Group, Nov. 14, 2006.


BIBLIOGRaPhy 433

Daniell, Raymond. “Communism, Held in the West, Strikes in the East.” New York Times, Dec. 26, 1948: E3.

Debro, Joseph. “Welcome to Segregated California.” San Francisco Bay View, Oct. 5, 2012.

“Ens. Brown’s Widow, Pal to Be Cited.” Chicago Defender, May 5, 1951: 1.

“Ensign Brown’s Widow Sees Truman Award Highest Honor to Navy Pilot.” Chicago Defender, Apr. 21, 1951: 1.

“Ensign Hudner Receives Wings.” Herald News [Fall River], Aug. 17, 1949.

“Fall River Navy Flier Risks Life to Rescue Fellow Pilot in Korea.” Herald News [Fall River], Dec. 6, 1950: 1– 2.

“1st Tan Navy Flier Dies in Korea Crash.” The Afro- American [Balti-more], Dec. 16, 1950: 1+.

“Flying Cross Is Awarded to 10 Men on Baltic Plane.” New York Times, Apr. 25, 1950: 14.

“40,000 Cheer Tom Hudner in Parade.” Herald News [Fall River], Apr. 20, 1951: 1.

“Helped Make History Over Clark Field.” Providence Journal, 1945.

“Hero Gives $1,000 Gift to Killed Pilot’s Kin.” The Afro- American [Baltimore], Apr. 28, 1951: 1.

“Heroic Flyer of Korean War Now Carrier Boss for Viet Missions.” Herald News [Fall River], May 3, 1966.

“Hudner Qualifies as Carrier Flier.” Herald News [Fall River], Apr. 5, 1949.

“Hudner Tried to Save First Negro Naval Officer Ever to Lose Life in Action in Any U.S. Campaign.” Herald News [Fall River], Dec. 11, 1950.

James, Edwin L. “Vital Facts at Issue in Dispute Over Plane.” New York Times, Apr. 23, 1950: B3.

Johnson, Richard J. “New Forces Moved Directly From U.S.” New York Times, Aug. 1, 1950: 1.


434 BIBLIOGRaPhy

Leviero, Anthony. “U.S. ‘Not at War,’ President Asserts.” New York Times, June 30, 1950: 1+.

“Leyte Pilots Raise $2,700 for Late Buddy’s Daughter.” The Afro- American [Baltimore], Apr. 28, 1951: 19.

Lieberman, Henry B. “Chou Brands U.S. China’s Worst Foe.” New York Times, Oct. 1, 1950: 48.

“Lt. Hudner Grateful for Fete, Proud to Be Fall River Man.” Herald News [Fall River], May 3, 1951.

“Lt. Richard Cevoli Wins Navy Cross.” Providence Journal, 1945.“Morale of American Soldiers Is High Declares Lt. Hudner.” Herald

News [Fall River], Feb. 5, 1951.“Naval Hero Honored at City Youth Rally.” The Afro- American

[Baltimore], Dec. 11, 1951.“Navy Is Commissioning Destroyer Escort in Memory of Man

Hudner Tried to Save.” Herald News [Fall River], Feb. 16, 1973.

“Negro Navy Pilot Killed in Korea.” Hattiesburg American, Dec. 9, 1950: 1.

“New Communist Frontiers.” New York Times, Dec. 12, 1949: 32.“New Year, New Chance.” New York Times, Jan. 1, 1950: 6.“No Troops of Peiping in Korea, Limb Says.” New York Times, Sept.

19, 1950: 11.“North Korea Warns of Fight for Unity.” New York Times, Oct. 18,

1949: 20.“Now It Can Be Told: Fire Bombs Ignited Pyre of Airman Jesse

Brown.” The Afro- American [Washington], Mar. 6, 1951: 3.Perry, Tony. “Remains of Camp Pendleton Marine Killed in Korean

War Identified.” Los Angeles Times, Aug. 10, 2013.“Pilot’s Widow to Be Honored by President.” The Afro- American

[Baltimore], Apr. 14, 1951: 15.“Richard L. Cevoli Takes Bride in Dixie Kiefer Chapel.” Providence

Journal, 1946.“Russian Killed by American in Patrol Clash in Germany.” New York

Times, July 10, 1949: 1.


BIBLIOGRaPhy 435

“Russians Fire B- 29 by ‘Error’ in Korea.” New York Times, Sept. 17, 1945: 1+.

“Russians Irk Navy; Fired at Two Planes.” New York Times, Mar. 2, 1946: 2.

“Scenes From Fifth Annual Robert S. Abbott Award Presentation.” Chicago Defender, May 12, 1951: 4.

“Sec. Chapman Backs Truman Policy Here.” Chicago Daily News, May 5, 1951.

“6- to- 9 Month War Foreseen in Korea.” New York Times, July 17, 1950: 10.

“Soviet Fliers Gun U.S. Vienna Plane.” New York Times, Apr. 23, 1946: 5.

“To Annapolis.” Herald News [Fall River], June 7, 1943.“Truman Presents Top Medal to Navy Flier Who Landed in

Enemy Area in Rescue Try.” New York Times, Apr. 14, 1951: 4.

“U.S. Planes Were Shot Down.” New York Times, Apr. 11, 1948: 32.Wersinger, Tammie. “Richard Fowler Jr. Gave His Best to Every

Task.” Orlando Sentinel, Apr. 25, 2011.Winslow, Walter G. “A Beacon for All to See.” Milwaukee Sentinel,

Sept. 21, 1952: 2.“World News Summarized.” New York Times, Aug. 1, 1950: 1.

Websites and Other Sources

“Apr 16, 1947: Bernard Baruch Coins the Term ‘Cold War’ ” This Day in History. The History Channel, www.history.com/this- day- in- history/bernard- baruch- coins- the- term- cold- war.

Barnes, Michael. “An Overview of the Korean War.” The Authentic History Center, www.authentichistory.com/1946- 1960/2- korea/ 1- overview.

“Berlin Airlift.” History.com. A&E Television Networks, www.history .com/topics/cold- war/berlin- airlift.

“Desegregation of the Armed Forces: Chronology.” Harry S. Truman


436 BIBLIOGRaPhy

Library and Museum, www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/study_collections/desegregation.

Howard, Sally. “Postcards From the Age.” Social Planet, 2012, http://bmisocialplanet.tumblr.com/post/16118086170/postcards- from - the- age.

“Jul 5, 1946: Bikini Introduced.” This Day in History. The History Channel, www.history.com/this- day- in- history/bikini - introduced.

Koenig, William H. “On Jesse’s Wing.” 2007. MS.“Letter from Feng Xi (Stalin) to Kim Il Sung (via Shtytkov),” Oct. 8,

1950, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Ar-chive of the President, Russian Federation, http://digitalarchive .wilsoncenter.org/document/112862.

“M20 3.5in Rocket Launcher and Manuals.” Korean War Online, www.koreanwaronline.com/arms/bazsup.htm.

“Newsletter of the USS Leyte Association.” Leyte News (1990– 2012).North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The North Atlantic Treaty.

Washington, D.C.: NATO, 1949. Official Texts. Dec. 9, 2008, www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/official_texts_17120.htm.

Skelton III, William P. “American Ex- Prisoners of War.” Department of Veterans Affairs. Independent Study Course, released Apr. 2002.

Smitha, Frank. “Communists Win China’s Civil War.” Macrohistory and World Timeline, www.fsmitha.com/h2/ch24cld8.htm.

“World War II Naval Glossary and Terminology.” Valor at Sea, 2002, www.valoratsea.com/glossary.htm.
