Making the PeaceMaking the Peace

Ch 11.4Ch 11.4

Wilson's Plan for PeaceWilson's Plan for Peace

Fourteen PointsFourteen Points– January 1918, Wilson issues a list of January 1918, Wilson issues a list of

terms for resolving this and other future terms for resolving this and other future wars.wars. End to secret treatiesEnd to secret treaties Freedom of the SeasFreedom of the Seas Large scale reduction of armsLarge scale reduction of arms Self determinationSelf determination Creation of a “general association of Creation of a “general association of

nations”nations”

Campaign to VictoryCampaign to Victory March 1918 Germans Launch a major March 1918 Germans Launch a major

offensive pushing Allies 40 miles offensive pushing Allies 40 miles back by July.back by July.– However the Allies respond with their However the Allies respond with their

own counter attackown counter attack Uprisings explode across GermanyUprisings explode across Germany

– November Kaiser William II steps downNovember Kaiser William II steps down New German Government sought for New German Government sought for

ARMISTICE-agreement to stop ARMISTICE-agreement to stop fightingfighting

November 11, 1918 WWI endsNovember 11, 1918 WWI ends

The Costs of WarThe Costs of War

Post War CasualtiesPost War Casualties– Influenza had spread among the troops at the Influenza had spread among the troops at the

end of the war end of the war – Soldiers went home with the flu to their Soldiers went home with the flu to their

families and neighborsfamilies and neighbors– The loss of lives from the flu and the war and The loss of lives from the flu and the war and

the costs of rebuilding war-ravaged cities made the costs of rebuilding war-ravaged cities made some countries and colonies vulnerable to some countries and colonies vulnerable to revoltrevolt

Making the PeaceMaking the Peace The Paris Peace ConferenceThe Paris Peace Conference

– The Allies met in Paris to decide what the The Allies met in Paris to decide what the outcome of the war would be for Europe. outcome of the war would be for Europe.

– President Wilson wanted to advance his President Wilson wanted to advance his Fourteen PointsFourteen Points

– British Prime Minister wanted to rebuild British Prime Minister wanted to rebuild England on a grand scaleEngland on a grand scale

– France’s leader wanted to see Germany France’s leader wanted to see Germany punishedpunished

The Treaty of VersaillesThe Treaty of Versailles– Germany was forced to sign the Treaty of Germany was forced to sign the Treaty of

VersaillesVersailles

Treaty of VersalliesTreaty of Versallies In June 28, 1919, representative of the German In June 28, 1919, representative of the German

Republic ere forced to sign a treaty drawn up by Republic ere forced to sign a treaty drawn up by the Allies with the following conditions:the Allies with the following conditions:– Germany had to accept FULL Blame for causing the War. Germany had to accept FULL Blame for causing the War.

“War guilt” clause.“War guilt” clause.

– Loss of territory, 13% of its land & 10% of its population.Loss of territory, 13% of its land & 10% of its population.

– France regained Alsace-Lorraine.France regained Alsace-Lorraine.

– Size of Germany’s military would be strictly limited.Size of Germany’s military would be strictly limited.

– Many of its overseas colonies were given as mandates to Many of its overseas colonies were given as mandates to

Britain, France & Japan.Britain, France & Japan.

– Germany had to pay reparations (coast for the war). $60 Germany had to pay reparations (coast for the war). $60

billion.billion.

– Establishment of the League of Nations.Establishment of the League of Nations.

Paris Peace Conference Paris Peace Conference