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King and Fawn Endings
The presence of a protected passed pawn does not guarantee necessarily the win.
32 Shirov - Timman Wijk aan Zee 1996
Following l.g5, Black terminated his resistance, obviously considering that the protected passed f6-pawn is a very serious argument. Naturally, that decision was a little bit too emotional and the subsequent analyses proved that it was never too late to resign ...
1 .. .'~d6 2.h4 It is also a draw after 2.fS gxfS
3.h4 <.!teS 4.<.!tf3 f4 S.hS <.!tfS 6.g6 hxg6 7.h6<.!tf6 8.<.!txf4 gS (Shirov).
2 ... 'it>xc6 3.f5 'it>d6 But not 3 ... gxfS? 4.hS<.!td6 S.g6
hxg66.h6. 4.f6 'it>d7 It is not good for Black to play
the move 4 ... c6, as it was recommended in some sources, because of S.<.!tg3! 'it>d7 (or S ... <.!te6 6.<.!tf4 <.!td6 7.hS! gxhS 8.g6 hxg6 9.'it>gS - analogously to the previous example) 6.hS gxhS 7.'it>h4
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cS 8.'it>xhS c4 9.<.!th6 c3 10.0 c2 11.f8~ c1~ 12.~0+ <.!tc6 13.~f6+ <.!tbS 14.<.!txh7, and his defence is tremendously difficult.
5.'it>f3 'it>e6 6.'it>f4 'it>f7 7.'it>e5 Black must play very accurate
ly. In particular, he should watch about the possibility h4-hS on the kingside. For example 7.'it>g4<.!te6 8.hS <.!tf7! (After the indifferent move 8 ... <.!td6, White would follow with 9.hxg6 hxg6, and then he goes with his king to the c6-square, countering 'it>d8 with the move f6-0, winning the game.) 9.hxg6+ <.!txg6!
7 ..• 'it>e8 8.'it>d5 'it>d7 9.'it>c5 'it>e8 with a draw (Shirov).
The protected passed pawn is also quite useful for defensive purposes. In that case, it can compensate the material advantage of the opponent, since it is not always possible to win the game without the participation of the king. The simplest example on that theme can be seen in the following diagram.
33
Draw
Black's king cannot leave the square a8-a5-d5-d8.
It is also worth mentioning that there are some constructions, which are practically as effective as having a protected passed pawn. They are sufficient to restrict the mobility of the enemy king. See an example of that kind - we can call that construction as having "a potential passed pawn".
34 Kovalevskaya - Demina
Moscow 1999
l.\WfJ? Human desire to enter a king
and pawn ending with an extra pawn is quite understandable; nevertheless, this is a mistake. It is amazing, but the majority of computer programs suggest that move, at least at first sight.
1 ..• \WxfJ+ 2.<~xfJ bS! 3.@e3 This is the key moment. White
fails to compromise his opponent's queenside with the move 3.a4, because of 3 ... bxa4 and his
Strategy
king cannot enter the square of Black's a-pawn.
3 ... aS! White was threatening here
4.a4! b4 5.a5!, winning.
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Black has completed his defensive construction. He cannot create a passed pawn indeed, but White cannot clarify the situation on the queenside. Black has a potential threat to create a passed pawn and White's king is restricted in its mobility, so he cannot promote his passed pawns on the kingside without it.
4.@d3 f5 5.@d2 @f6 6.a3 @g6 7.@e3 @f6 8.@d2 and the opponents agreed to a draw. In case of 8.f3, Black can even play 8 .. .f4+ 9.gxf4 (But not 9.@xf4 b4 and White suddenly gets checkmated: 1O.axb4 a4 1l.b5 a3 12.b6 a2 13.b7 a1~ 14.b8~ ~xd4#) 9 ... @f5 1O.h5 @f6.
There is also another construction - we can call it a permanent threat of a breakthrough.
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