THE FINAL SEMESTER TASK

CLAUSES

COMPILED BY:

NAME : EFFENDI

CLASS : IIA

STUDENT NUMBER : 2111O33

LECTURER : PARIATI, S. Pd

ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM

LANGUAGE AND ART EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

INSTITUTE OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

TEACHERS ASSOCIATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

ACADEMIC YEAR 2011-2012

PREFACE

Alhamdulillahi robbil ‘aalaamiin, for the most gracious and the most merciful, Allah SWT, so I could finish the final semester task of intermediate grammar, the title is “clauses.” This material is one of the main media in learning English. Besides it also can be useful for the students in mastering the knowledge related to the subject especially for the students of STKIP PGRI Lubuklinggau.

The working paper is compiled based on many references namely, internet, and books. And do not forget I say thanks to all my fellows who have helped me in finishing this working paper.

Surely, my working paper still many errors and is far from perfection so that, critical and suggestion from the readers are very I hope for the perfection my working paper.

Hopefully, this working paper can become the learning media that matches today’s learning demand. All critics and advices will be warmly appreciated for improvement of the book.

Lubuklinggau, June 2012..

The Author,

CONTENTS

Cover Page

Preface ........................................................................................................................... ii

Contents ......................................................................................................................... iii

Chapter 1 ....................................................................................................................... 1

Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1

A. Background ...................................................................................................... 1 B. Limitation of the study ...................................................................................... 1 C. Significance of the study .................................................................................. 2

Chapter 2 ....................................................................................................................... 3

Discussion ...................................................................................................................... 3

A. Independent clause ......................................................................................... 3 B. Dependent clause ............................................................................................ 3 C. Subordinate clause .......................................................................................... 4 D. Adjective clause ............................................................................................... 5 E. Noun clause ..................................................................................................... 5 F. Conditional clause............................................................................................ 6 G. Comment clause .............................................................................................. 7 H. Complement clause ......................................................................................... 7 I. Main clause ...................................................................................................... 8 J. Matrix clause .................................................................................................... 8 K. Verb less clause ............................................................................................... 9

Chapter 3 ....................................................................................................................... 10

Closing ........................................................................................................................... 10

A. Conclusion........................................................................................................ 10 B. Suggestion ....................................................................................................... 10

References..................................................................................................................... 11

Biography of the student ............................................................................................... 12

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

A. Background

The students have many difficulties to study English especially about clause that is why I take the problem about clause in this my working paper I shall try to explain and describe about clause although still many sparseness but I shall make the reader can understood about clause. The students usually many errors in make a paragraph because: 1. Many students less understand about clauses 2. Wrongness in using clauses 3. The students can not understood about clauses goodly

B. Limitation Of The Study

Because the material about clause is very wide so I shall delimit my working paper with: 1. What is independent clause? 2. What is dependent clause? 3. What is subordinate clause? 4. What is adjective clause? 5. What is noun clause? 6. What is conditional clause? 7. What is comment clause? 8. What is complement clause?

9. What is main clause? 10. What is matrix clause? 11. What is verb less?

C. Significance of the study

The significances I make this working paper are: 1. In order to the students can more understand about clauses 2. In order to the students can use clause goodly. 3. In order to the students understood about all causes

CHAPTER 2

DISCUSSION

A. The definition and examples of independent clause

Independent clause is clause can stand alone as a sentence, beginning with a capital letter and ending with terminal punctuation such as a period and it has subject and predicate or complete sentence, it contains a subject and verb and expresses a complete though in both context and meaning, besides independent clause can be joined by coordinating conjunction to form or complex or compound sentence. Examples: a. They have a bracelet which is made of gold. b. Advertising is a rattling of a stick inside a swill bucket. c. I was born when you kissed me. d. He lived a few weeks while you loved. e. The average man does not want to be free. f. You have a responsibility to the public discourse and you fail miserably. g. A schedule defends from chaos and whim. h. What is another word for thesaurus? i. Age is strictly a case of mind over matter, if you don not mind it does not matter. j. Your hat is a creation that will never go out of style. k. Andy eats a bowl of meat ball and Tony drinks a glass of milk. l. He did not go to campus yesterday but he sent a letter to her teacher. m. She gets some books or pens?

B. The definition and examples of dependent clause

A dependent clause used as an adverb within a sentence to indicate time, place,

condition, contrast, concession, reason, purpose or result and it can not stand alone and also have not subject and predicate or a dependent clause contains a subject or verb but does not express a complete though. Examples: a. Because Mariame loved Jonh, she refused to believe that he had deserted her. b. When Fanny returned she found Tom Betram very ill. c. Although Mr David disliked Mrs Bennet he married Alizabet. d. Henry changed his plans as the mood took him. e. If you had left hart field Mr. Woodhouse would have been unhappy. f. All human beings should try to learn before they die what they are from and to,

and why. g. I drank some boiling water because I wanted to whistle. h. They generally avoid temptation unless they can not resist it. i. Experience is what you get when you did not get what you wanted. j. When fascism comes to America, it will be wrapped in the flag, carrying a cross.

C. The definition and examples of subordinate clause

A group of words that has both a subject and verb but unlike an independent

clause can not stand alone as a sentence. Examples: a. Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and

reflect. b. When I am good, I am very, very good, but when I am bad, I am better.

c. Memory is deceptive because it is colored by today’s event. d. If you can not leave in a taxi, you can leave in a huff, if that is too soon you can

leave in minute and huff. e. If a free society can not help the many who are poor, it can not save the few who

are rich. f. Every book is a children’s book, if the kid can read. g. Man, when you lose your laugh you lose your footing.

D. The definition and examples of adjective clause

A clause that generally as noun or noun phrase and is introduced by a relative

pronoun (which, who, whom, that whose) a relative adverb (where, when, why). Examples: a. It is not the employer who pays the wages. b. Animals whom we have made our slaves, we do not like to consider or equal. c. Peace is not merely a distant goal that we seek but a means by which we arrive at

that goal. d. I like to keep a bottle of stimulant handy in case, I see a snack which I also keep

handy. e. There is one thing stronger than all the armies in the world and that is an idea

whose time has come. f. Timice which had hidden in the leafy shade of mountains all summer, perched on

the gutter.

E. The definition and examples of noun clause

A dependent clause that function as a noun (that is as a subject, object, and complement) within a sentence two common types of noun clause in English they are that-clauses and wh-clauses a. Examples that-clauses

1. I believe that everything happens for a reason. 2. I know that there are things that never have been funny and never will be that

ridicule may be a shield a weapon. 3. I believe that there is a subtle magnetism in nature which if we unconsciously

yield to it will direct us aright.

b. Examples wh-clauses 1. This is the story of what a woman’s patience can endure and what of man’s

resolution can achieve. 2. Whoever was the person behind Stonehenge was one dickens of a motivator I

shall tell you that. 3. I wonder what is making cake so unhappy.

F. The definition and examples of conditional clause

A type of adverbial clause that states a hypothesis or condition real or imagined.

A conditional clause may be introduced by the subordinating conjunction if or another conjunction such as unless or in case of. Examples: a. If you want a friend in Washington, get a dog. b. If we had no winter, the spring would not be so pleasant.

c. If I had only known, I would have been a locksmith. d. If you start thinking about this game. It will drive you crazy. e. But if you really wanted to be on Malibu Beach you had be there. f. If I were you, I would go to the conference center itself and ask to see someone in

security. g. They would have resigned if he had made the decision himself. h. If she had been working for three days and three nights then it was in the suit she

was wearing now.

G. The definition and examples of comment clause

A short word group (such as you see and I think) that adds a parenthetical remark to another word group. Examples: a. As you know the concept of the suction pump is centuries old. b. The presentation went quite well, I believe. c. All time is all time, it does not change, it does not lend itself to warning or

explanation. d. Fly high above the clouds on the wings of a dream I hear your whisper loud or so

seem.

H. The definition and examples of complement clause

A subordinate clause that serves to complete the meaning of a noun or verb in a sentence complement clause are generally introduced by subordinating, conjunction and contain the typical elements of clause, a verb (always), a subject( usually),and direct and indirect objects.

Examples: a. The fact that the adult American Negro female images a formidable character is

often met with amazement, distaste and even belligerence. b. She said she was approaching 40, I could not help wondering from what direction. c. Recently, linguistic working in the influential theory known as generative grammar,

have used the term complement to refer to variously closely related kind of subordinate clause.

I. The definition and examples of main clause

A group of word made up of a subject and predicate. A main clause (unlike a dependent or subordinate clause) can stand alone as a sentence. A main clause is also known as an independent clause. Examples: a. I can believe anything provided that it is quite incredible. b. When liberty is taken away by force it can be restored by force. c. The average man does not want to be free, he simply want to be safe. d. When people talk, listen completely most people never listen. e. An intelligence service is in fact stupidity service. f. This is the sixth book I have written which is not bad for a guy who is only read

two. g. Words, once they are printed have a life of their own. h. Your life story would not make a good book, do not even try.

J. The definition and examples of matrix clause

A clause that contains a subordinate clause plural in term of function a matrix determines the central situation of a sentence. Examples: a. The professor told the students that he was going to cancel the next class. b. The victim told the police that the man who attacked her had had a beard.

K. The definition and examples of verb less clause

A clause- like construction in which a verb element is implied but not present

such clause are usually adverbial and the omitted verb is a form of be. Examples: a. Generic drugs must be chosen when available or an additional expense will be

incurred. b. Although not unfriendly toward strangers this dog will protect its family in time of

danger. c. He believes the prisoner innocent. d. Jona believes the prisoner to be innocent. e. He considered the girl was a good student. f. Whenever in trouble Bill rang his girl-friend. g. He married her when a student at Harvard.

CHAPTER 3

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusion

Clauses are part of English so we have to know about all clauses if we want our English great, perfect and appropriate with grammar, many kinds of clause start from dependent clause, independent clause, subordinate clause and so on. Actually clauses are very easy if you study hard and diligently. May it happen my working paper is useful for all the reader and can make them more understand, more understood about clauses.

B. Suggestion

I know, I am usual human of course many wrongs is also in making this working paper still many faults so that I wish critics and suggestion from all the reader for perfection my this working paper and do not forget keep your spirit and study hard for your future.

REFERENCES

Http/Bassic Grammar.com.

Http/ English Grammar. Com.

Http/Ismailmidi.com.

Pariati 2012. Intermediate Grammar:Lubuklinggau.

Wahyuni, Dina, dkk. General Problem in Learning English. Dwimedia Press.

Widjaja, Grace, 2012. Complete English Grammar and the Exercise. Salatiga:PT Bhuana Ilmu Populer.

BIOGRPHY OF THE STUDENT

My name is Effendi I was born in Madang Village and I grew up there. In 1999 I went to elementary school at Madang elementary school and finished in 2005, when I was at elementary school from one semester until nine semester I got ranking 1. After that I continued my study at junior high school that was Sumberejo junior high school. When I was at junior high school I got ranking 2 from one semester until six semester and it finished in 2008. And then I continued my study at vocational high school number 3 LubukLinggau. In vocational high school I take automotive majors and I got ranking one from one semester until five Semester and there I got scholarship until I finished my study there. After that I continue my study at STKIP PGRI LubukLinggau until now.

WISE WORDS

Yakinlah pada sesuatu yang kamu miliki karena keyakinan itu akan membuat kamu bisa menggapai apa yang kamu inginkan.

Beruasahlah semaksimal mungkin tapi jika hasilnya tidak sesuai dengan apa yang kamu inginkan maka janganlah menyalahkan dirimu, dan anggap itu adalah yang terbaik buat kamu.

Berjanjilah pada dirimu sendiri bahwa kamu akan menjadi orang yang kaya, karena dengan demikian kamu akan bertekat untuk meraih kekayaan tersebut.