Major Points from Discussion of Demography of Canada (cont’d)

• Major French component in N.B.• Signif. Minority (1/11, more in Ont.) of Cdns do

not speak Eng. Or Fr as the language most often spoken at home

• 1/6 of Cdns are Eng-Fr Bilingual• A majority of Quebecers are unilingual Fr.

• Shift in composition of the immig. Stream• Ont. (esp. Toronto) = Immigrant Reception

Centre of Canada.BC & Que as other major centres

• Immigrants comprise ¼ of Ont & BC pops., but 17% of Cdn pop. And 42% of Toronto.

• Visible Minorities comprise 1/3 of Tor & VancCalgary ranks 3rd @ 16%

Demog. Highlights (cont’d)

• Re: MIGRATIONRetention rate: Ont. & Que. are highest

Attractivness: BC and Yukon are highest

• Re: FERTILITY-Que and ROC have very different fertility histories (e.g., Que’s ‘revenge of the

cradles’); - Both Que & ROC are below replacemt level; - Baby boom in Canada was 1946-1966. - Boom, Bust, and Echo

- Total fertility ratesubstantial interprovincial variation. Note: NWT and Nunavut >> Cda

- Aprox. ¼ of Cdn pregnancies end in abortion

• Re: AGING - Canada’s pop. is aging w/ aging of boomers - Baby boomers “left a profound impact on every institution they touched” e.g., family, constitution, the city (suburbia), public service, population pyramids, economy, CPP - Median Age: Increased 2.3 yrs (1996-2001)

Cda’s Baby Boom as Depicted in the Crude Birth Rate, 1921-2000

0

10

20

30

Year

Bir

ths

per

1000

Pop

.

Total Fertility Rate (Births Per Woman), Canada, 1921-96

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

1921

1931

1941

1951

1961

1971

1981

1991

Year

Bir

ths

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Wo

man

Conclusions/Observations from the Next Slide

• Even the developed industrialized countries exhibit very different age structures.

• In terms of median age, Cda is in the middle range of industrialized countries.

• In its age composition, Canada is an older society than the USA.

We have a smaller youth pop and a larger seniors pop.

• Contrary to some popular belief, the sky will not fall when Canada’s elderly population reaches 20%.

Age Structure of the Cdn Pop. In Comparative Perspective

Median Dep Age Age Age

Age Ratio 0-19 20-64 65+

Canada 37.6 0.64 25.9 61.1 13.0

USA 35.5 0.69 28.7 59.0 12.3

Australia 35.2 0.66 27.6 60.1 12.3

UK 37.7 0.69 25.2 59.1 15.8

France 37.6 0.70 25.3 58.7 16.0

Germany 40.1 0.60 21.1 62.5 16.4

Italy 40.2 0.61 19.6 62.3 18.1

Japan 41.2 0.61 20.6 62.2 17.2

Mexico 23.3 0.93 43.4 51.9 4.7

The larger the proportion in the dependent age groups, the higher the dependency ratio.

Selected Highlights Concerning Canadian Families

• Divorce Rate: - major jump after leg’v change of

1968 - major interprovincial variation- still about twice as many marriages

as divorces each year

• Next two slides are for students’ interest only. They were not covered in class and students are not responsible for them for the test.

Migration To and From CMAs, 2000/01

In Out Net

2000/01 1999/2000

Toronto 199,036 92,851 106,185 22.3 14.1

Windsor 13,077 7,137 5,940 19.4 17.5

Calgary 48,498 31,935 16,563 17.5 16.4

Ottawa-Hull 47,004 29,393 17,611 16.2 12.7

Vancouver 79,905 49,536 30,369 14.8 11

Oshawa 15,267 11,064 4,203 14.1 15.9

Kitchener 19,411 14,157 5,254 12.4 13.4

Hamilton 25,861 18,869 6,992 10.4 8.4

Victoria 14,942 12,179 2,763 8.7 2.2

Edmonton 36,577 28,692 7,885 8.4 8.8

Montréal 90,240 64,908 25,332 7.3 5

Census Metrop. Area

Net rate per 1,000 pop.

Québec 19,762 17,408 2,354 3.4 1.3

Winnipeg 19,801 19,002 799 1.2 0.7

St. John's 5,922 5,725 197 1.1 1.4

Saskatoon 10,783 11,046 -263 -1.1 -3.9

Thunder Bay 3,862 4,095 -233 -1.9 -8.9

Trois-Rivières 4,687 4,969 -282 -2.0 -2.1

Saint John 3,313 3,741 -428 -3.4 -0.8

Sudbury 4,994 5,693 -699 -4.4 -9.7

Regina 7,159 8,560 -1,401 -7.0 -5.9

Chicoutimi-

Jonquière 3,518 5,183 -1,665 -10.4 -10