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Mainstreaming DRR and CCA Across Sectors and Actors
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
Mohammad Abdul Qayyum (Additional Secretary) National Project Director, CDMP II Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief February, 2015
MAINSTREAMING DRR AND CCA ACROSS SECTORS AND ACTORS
Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief, Bangladesh
CAPACITY BUILDING
RISK ASSESSMENT
PREPAREDNESS
AGRICULTURAL ADAPTATION
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
DROUGHT - Affecting 8.3 million Ha of land.
FLASH FLOOD –Unpredictable, recurring, uncertain.
FLOOD - Inundates more areas, increases river erosion, breaches embankments, damage infrastructures.
CYCLONE - Remain to be the deadliest and most destructive hazard. It is recurring, with lingering aftermath, complex recovery.
First rank climate change vulnerable nations.
Fifth rank in the world risk index 2012
SALINITY INTRUSION - Spreading from 1.5 to 2.5 Mha (2007).
AND CLIMATE CHANGE HAZARDS, EARTHQUAKES, FIRE BREAKOUT, INFRASTRUCTURE COLLAPSE ETC.
Number of people exposed yearly
45 Million
20 Million
5 Million
Bangladesh incurred an average annual loss equal to 1.8% of GDP due to natural disasters in the past two decades (source: Sixth Five-Year Plan)
BANGLADESH CONTEXT
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
BANGLADESH CONTEXT
Bangladesh is among the most resilient least developing countries, and will continue to be exposed to disaster risks
The climate change exacerbates the disaster impacts The vulnerability remains high despite the community-based risk reduction
programmes
Issues Centralised development planning paradigm Standing Orders on Disaster (SOD), with clear roles and mandates DRR & CCA as new, peripheral, and crosscutting items
Solution To ensure that DRR & CCA are in agreement To ensure that sectors are receptive to DRR & CCA Deploy CDMP pilot projects to stimulate sectoral integration Use Top-down and bottom up approach
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
MAINSTREAMING: BD PERSPECTIVES
Mainstreaming is an integration of DRR into development for ensuring that development is protected from disasters ensuring that development does not increase vulnerability
Mainstreaming DRR&CCA – to the extent possible the two must be in convergence
Objectives • to Promote understanding of disaster-development linkages • to Reduce underlying risk factors and vulnerability • to Emphasize an all hazards and all sectors approach • to Achieve sustainable development
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
SECTORAL MAINSTREAMING APPROACH
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
STRATEGY
Expert inputs to the public policies
• Draft DM Act • Draft national DM Policies • Technical Guidelines
Incorporating DRR in Dev. Planning System
• At the planning commission • At the department planning • At the local planning cycles
Implementation with Line Ministries/Departments
Policy Coordination At the cabinet, committees and task Forces
CDMP Pilot Projects
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
MAINSTREAMING: BD PERSPECTIVES
Mainstreaming is an integration of DRR into development for ensuring that development is protected from disasters ensuring that development does not increase vulnerability
Mainstreaming DRR&CCA – to the extent possible the two must be in convergence
Objectives • to Promote understanding of disaster-development linkages • to Reduce underlying risk factors and vulnerability • to Emphasize an all hazards and all sectors approach • to Achieve sustainable development
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
SECTORAL MAINSTREAMING PARTNERS
1. DMB, DoRR and CPP 2. Ministry of Planning 3. NCTB, Ministry of Education 4. DPHE, Ministry of Local
Government, Rural Development & Cooperatives
5. DAE, Ministry of Agriculture 6. DoF and DLS, Ministry of Fisheries
and Livestock 7. DoE, Ministry of Environment and
Forests 8. FS&CD, Ministry of Home Affairs 9. BMD, Ministry of Defence,
10. Ministry of Land 11. DWA, Ministry of Women and
Children Affairs 12. DGHS, Ministry of Health and
Family Welfare 13. FFWC, Ministry of Water
Resources 14. GSB, Ministry of power Energy and
Mineral resources 15. Institutes and Universities
outlined in National Disaster Management Education Research and Training Networks
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
PILOT PROJECT FLOW Creation of enabling policy environment
and institutional capacity
Assessing sectoral risks and vulnerabilities and develop sectoral risk reduction plan
Undertaking sectoral action research to identify best practices
Building institutional capacity
Promoting best practice options through field demonstrations
Adoption of new risk-informed sectoral programme Changes in sectoral institution and procedures
Institutionalisation through sectoral policy and regulations
TOP
-DO
WN
Fro
m p
olic
y to
Pro
gram
me
imp
lem
enta
tio
n
BO
TTO
M-U
P F
rom
pra
ctic
es t
o in
stit
uti
on
an
d p
olic
ies
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
SECTORAL MAINSTREAMING MODALITY
Ministries/departments as implementing partners Collaborative agreements through MOUs or LoA Be governed by Tec. Advisory Group, periodical coordination
meeting, regular review Purpose
o To develop basic capacities to initiate changes o To initiate sectoral policies and good practices o To promote catalytic/innovative pilot activities o To trigger downward effects to their local offices
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
PILOT PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
Assessment of current and potential risk
Identification of reduction, adaptation & mitigation activities
Support implementation of activities
Persuasion and advocacy to incorporate in dev. process
Deployment of Local Disaster Risk Reduction Fund (LDRRF)
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
SAMPLES OF DRR SECTORAL MAINSTREAMING
Source: http://www.irinnews.org/report/99488/bangladesh-teaches-disaster-preparedness-to-reduce-risk
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
DRR & CC IN EDUCATION The CDMP Approach
Actions to the adoption of academic programs/educational process Follow an all hazards approach Consider academic program revision of all educational, research areas
Tertiary level
Elementary level
Grade 3-8
Secondary level
Grade 9-12
Curriculum Development (Text book) & Extra curricular activities, through National Curriculum and Text book Board and Ministry of Primary and Mass Education, Primary Training Institute, DPE
Curriculum Development (Text book) & Extra curricular activities, through National Curriculum and Text book board and Ministry of Education, Teachers Training colleges and National University, EED, Secondary and Higher Secondary Boards, Technical Education Department
• Revision and inclusion of DRR and CC in the existing curricula/courses • Introduction of Under-graduate and Masters on DM • E-learning Centre, Reference books and reading materials • Diploma, Certificate, Masters and PhD thesis on DM
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
DRR & CC IN AGRICULTURE The CDMP Approach
Strengthen Farmers’
Institution
Provision of Funding
Capacity Building
Strengthened technical capacity of DAE for effective assessment and management of climate change risks
Strengthen ICT centre at DAE HQs and the control room of DAE and linked
with its allied institutes
Strengthen Farmers/Climate Field Schools at grass roots level
Implementation of best practices on disaster and agriculture risk
through DAE projects and advocacy at national and local level on
disaster and climate risks in agriculture sector
Continue and expand best practices to cover diverse hazard and risk conditions
Adaptation Test/Trial of
Resilient Crop Varieties
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
DRR & CC IN WOMEN DEVELOPMENT The CDMP Approach
Capacity Building
Provision of Funding
Risk Reduction Action Plan Produced for the Department of Women
Development. For the medium term, the plan envisages a 5-year
programme (2013-2018) to build the capacity and resilience of the DWA
and its beneficiaries to meet the challenges posed by different disasters.
The programme is structured around four pillars viz, institutionalisation,
knowledge management and capacity building, increasing resilience,
advocacy and awareness building.
DRR is integrated in the programmes and activities of the Department of Women Development - It has prepared a “Gender Toolkit” for disaster issues to incorporate gender sensitivity in its policies, projects, programmes and documents. Some IEC materials i.e. posters and leaflets have been developed as well to raise awareness on the need for gender sensitivity in disaster response.
DRR integrated Programs
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
DRR & CC IN METEOROLOGY The CDMP Approach
Forecast Products Available
Location and time specific
forecasts
The dynamic BMD’s Website (www.bmd.gov.bd), redesigned and upgraded
under CDMP, provides people with all types of weather information along
with a weather bulletin and seven days weather forecast.
Weather information from the BMD can now be accessed from any cell
phone by dialling the number “10941”
The process of information sharing from the observatories has been entirely
digitized. As a result, weather information can be accessed anywhere in the
country and around the world from the BMD website. High speed
bandwidth is allowing information to be sent quickly to the media and the
ministry.
Previously, all data were collected and entered manually. Now, using the
climate database management system, data generated from the
observatories are archived automatically and can be easily accessed for any
year, date and area.
Database for Climate Data
Enhanced Staff Capacity
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
DRR & CC IN FIRE FIGHTING The CDMP Approach
Better Prepared
Urban Volunteers
The volunteers are capable of providing valuable assistance during fire
hazards, floods and other major disasters. The initiative to train women
volunteers is significant particularly because women do not traditionally
participate in disaster relief activities, which can be a problem especially when
providing assistance to female victims.
People from different walks of life show interest and are brought under the
training programme. The volunteers, although mostly high school students,
also include doctors, engineers and high level government officers. In some
cases, entire families step up to take part in the programme inspired or
influenced by some event.
They volunteers are taking on a leading role in community response to
disasters. They proved their value in the search and rescue operations during
the Rana Plaza collapsed in April, 2013. As many as 920 volunteers worked
shifts for 19 days. At the time of the collapse, 3,122 workers were estimated to
be inside the building risking their own lives to save others.
Equipped Fire Service
Workers
Enhanced Search and
Rescue Operation
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
DRR & CC IN ENVIRONMENT The CDMP Approach
Capacity Enhanced in Negotiation
The operation of Cell has indirectly caused incorporation of the climate change
issue in the amended National Environment Policy, 2013. The policy will help to
enforce integration of adaptation and mitigation issues into all development
projects to tackle the adverse impacts of climate change across the country.
Everyday researchers, practitioners, academia, NGO professionals and others
visit the Cell for information and knowledge documents.
In pursuit of climate change advocacy and diplomacy initiatives both at home
and abroad, two documentaries have been produced by the Cell. The
documentaries, one on the impacts of climate change and the other on
tracking climate-induced displaced people, serve as supportive doc. to prove
Bangladesh’s vulnerabilities to cc.
Data and information services are accessed by stakeholders and organisations
from the web-enabled database on climate change, which is the first of its kind
in the country developed by the Cell. The database facilitates research and
necessary and relevant policy and programme development.
Enhanced Project
Screening Capacity
Climate Data Base Updated
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
DRR & CC IN HEALTH & SANITATION The CDMP Approach
Enhanced Post earthquake
Health Service
National Health Crisis Management and Archive Centre for disaster records and
early warning is now operational. Through this centre, the DGHS maintains,
collects and analyses data from all sources such as local health authorities, the
BMD, and different government and non-government sources. The DGHS also
updates its Emergency Management Databank using information from that centre.
Two disaster related guidelines have been developed – a health related
comprehensive post-earthquake action plan/guideline for urban cities (developed
in accordance with the National Strategy on Disaster Management), which
provides an action plan on response and short-term recovery operations related
to earthquakes. A non-structural vulnerability assessment and guideline has also
been developed for hospitals at central, district and upazila levels.
Rainwater harvesting units installed at household and community levels are
benefiting the people of those areas where deep tube wells cannot be installed
due to lowering of the water table. The rainwater harvesting units ensure safe
drinking water for the community round the year.
National Health Crisis Management
Upazila/ Local
Health-Sanitation Facilities
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
DM TRAINING AND EDUCATION The Achievements
Identified 41 institutions as potential partners
MOUs with 16 universities and 8 training institutes
E-learning Centres with 10 institutions
DRR and CCA reference materials to 24 institutions • Various DRR and CCA programme offerings and events:
• 4-years Bachelor degree on DM by 2 public universities PSTU and BRUR) • 1-year Masters degree programme by 2 dept. of Dhaka University, 1 private
university (BRAC University) • Disaster and Human Security Management’ Master degree programme in
2012 by Bangladesh University of Professional (BUP)
156 Farmers’/Climate Field School Established in 52 Upazilas/26 Districts
ICT Center at DAE Head Quarters Operation and share climate forecast information, data across district and upazilas
More than 1000 farmers and 300 officers have been oriented with DRR & CCA
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
MAINSTREAMING DRR&CCA Overall Achievements
Achieved strong commitments – Comprehensive Disaster Management is considered as one of the 6 pillars of the BCCSAP, SFYP
DRR&CCA issues considered/being incorporated in the sectoral policies and guidelines (Health, Education, Women, Environment, Agriculture……………….)
DRR&CCA sensitive DPP Format
Integrated urban planning – Mymensingh Detailed Area Plan
Mainstreaming DRR&CCA in local level planning through introduction of CRA and RRAP
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
LESSONS LEARNED
DRR&CCA an emerging concept
Mainstreaming DRR&CCA – requires conceptual clarity
Inadequate knowledge and information on the differential impacts of disasters and climate change
Institutionalizing DRR & CCA concept within the business plan of action of all actors and sectors requires substantive push and the policy directions from the top as well as building horizontal linkages among different players.
Constant persuasion is required to keep them on board.
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
CDMP IN BRIEF
CDMP is a collaborative initiative of the GoB and Development Partners
CDMP is the strategic arm of DMRD,MoFDM to achieve the GoB Vision and Mission on Disaster Management
CDMP follows and first introduced the all hazard, all risk, all sectors and all stakeholder approach in disaster management
CDMP was formulated in 2000 and launched in 2004 – long before the World Conference on Disaster Reduction held in January 2005 at Kobe, Japan
CDMP I (2004-2009), CDMP II (2010-14)
CDMP is a platform for different actors for bridging the gaps
CDMP is a window of opportunities for Development Partners to support and contribute in achieving the GOB vision on DM
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
OUTCOME AREAS
Professionalising DM System
Rural Risk Reduction
Urban Risk Reduction
Preparedness and Response
Mainstreaming DRR and CCA
Community level Climate Change
Adaptation
MODMR
DDM
PARTNER DEPTS / MINS
DMCs
LOC. ADMINS
MSU UNDP
UNIVERSITIES
TRG INSTS.
NGOS
CIVIL SOCIETY
PRIVATE SECTORS
DELIVERY MECHANISMS
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)
Thank You All
For more information contact:
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Disaster Management & Relief Bhaban (6th Floor)
92-93 Mohakhali C/A, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh, Tel: (+88 02) 989 0937, 882 1255 Website: www.cdmp.org.bd Ph
oto
: O
tin
Dew
an
/CD
MP