Main switches in accordance with European standard directives · 2021. 2. 15. · ABB Switches in accordance with EU Directives ION The requirements of the standard EN 60947-1&7.1.6

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Main switches inaccordance withEuropean standarddirectives

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ABB Switches in accordance with EU Directives

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In order to dismantle technical barriers in commerce, the Council of theEuropean Union released at the suggestion of the European Commission EU-standard directives based on article 100 of the Uniform Acts.

The European Commission formulates these standard directives inaccordance with the so-called ”New concept”. Up to now the EU-standarddirectives included only requirements of a general nature. To fulfil these rathergeneral essential requirements the European Commission shall assign to theEuropean Standardization Organizations CEN, CENELEC and ETSI a task ofstipulating the European standard directives, which shall be considered as”harmonized” standard directives.

Advantages for manufacturer

The usage of harmonized standards give the manufacturer the advantage ofassumption reaction, which means that the product can be assumed to fulfilthe essential requirements of the EU-standard directive. If the manufacturerdoesn't use any harmonized standard e.g. concerning low-voltage, he mustprove by technical demonstration that the requirements are fulfilled.

Harmonizedstandards inaccordance with theEU - standarddirectives

The European Committee forElectrotechnicalStandardization (CENELEC)has stipulated the followingEuropean norms (EN),harmonized documents (HD)and European MagneticCompability directives (EMC)for switches. They are valid intheir area of use asacknowledged Europeantechnical rules uniformthroughout all CENELECmember countries, whichmeans the Europeaneconomic region. They have astatus of a national standard.Conflicting national standardsshall be withdrawn.

Safety standards formachinery

Safety of machinery referringto the status of a harmonizedstandard can be subdividedinto the following cases:

1. Harmonized generalstandards under the EU-standard directives inaccordance with the newconcept covering e.g. EMC-directives and the standard ofmachinery.2. Harmonized standardsunder the Low Voltage

New conceptThe standards covering the safety ofelectrical equipment are subdivided intothree categories as follows:

A. General safety standards are validfor all machines and devices:

Safety of machinery, EN 292EMC-directives, EN 50065Risk assessment, EN 1050

B. Group safety standards orientated toparticular aspects of safety andsafety-related equipment. PrEN1047 Protection against restarting isunder consideration.

C. Standards for safety of machineryinclude specified safetyrequirements for particularmachines and groups of machines:

EN 0529 housing classes

DisconnectorIsolation class IV

DisconnectorIsolation class III

Repair disconnectorSafety disconnectorIsolation class IV

Safety of machinery - Electrical

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Safety Switch

Standard for machinery EN 60204-1equipment of machines-EN 60204

This part of EN 60204 is the first part of a series of standards relating to electrical equipment of machines, andspecifies general requirements for the electrical equipment of an individual machine, as well as a group ofmachines operating in a coordinated manner.This part of European Standard EN 60204 provides requirements and recommendations relating to electricalequipment of machines in order to promote the following matters:

• safety of persons and property• control of function capability• ease of maintenance• ease of service and repair

Application of switches according to the standard EN 60204-1

Application area

This standard considers the application of machines under normal conditions. Care must be taken that thebreak switches correspond with the requirements for warmth, quality and humidity of air.

General considerations

Risks associated with the hazards relevant to electrical equipment shall be assessed as part of the overallrequirements for risk assessment of the machine (Paragraph 4.1.) Hazards can include for instance the

following:• failures or faults in control

circuits• disturbances or disruptions in

external power sources as wellas failures or faults in powercircuits resulting in themalfunctioning of the machine

• electrical interferences eitherfrom outside the electricalequipment or internallygenerated

Operating conditions fordisconnectors

The standard specifies in paragraph4.3., Electrical supply, the operatingconditions for a disconnector:Voltage:0,9..1.1 of nominal voltageFrequency:0,99..1.01 of nominal frequencyHarmonics:harmonic distortion (for the sum ofthe 2nd through the 5th harmonic) isnot allowed to exceed 10% of thetotal r.m.s. voltage

Voltage impulses:Max. duration 1,5 msMax. peak value 200% of the ratedr.m.s. voltageVoltage interruption:Supply interrupted at zero voltagefor not more than 3 ms. There shallbe more than 1 s betweensuccessive interruptions.

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Physical environment and operating conditions

IV III II I

Rated impulse withstand voltage Uimp (kV)

Air gap (mm)

Position indication(or visible isolatingdistance)

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Isolationclass

Pollution degree

Isolation function - the newway to think

The need for a clear isolating functionincreases as more and more conductorsystems, remote control devices andelectric apparatus are introduced.

The main switch is required because it isnecessary to have reliable protectionagainst unintentional start-up duringcleaning, maintenance and repair, aswell as during longer pauses in usage.

The switch-disconnector is also requiredfor prevention of unexpected start-up forexample in the case that the start-up of amachine during the work in progresscould create a hazard. A main switchdisconnector fulfils these functions best.

The isolating characteristics are the mostimportant items within a machinestandard direction. For the switchdisconnectors the standard EN 60947-3is valid. All live conductors shall beisolated from their electric network.However it is possible in TN-supply-networks to isolate the neutralconductors (IEC364.4).Precautions shall be taken to preventunintentional or inadvertent operation ofthe disconnecting device.

New requirements for maindisconnectors

The main switch disconnector shall be aswitch disconnector according to EN60947-3 for application category AC 23Bor DC 23B and shall have a breakingcapacity sufficient to interrupt the currentof all supplies in use at the same time.

The main switch disconnector shall havea breaking capacity sufficient to interruptthe current of the largest motor whenstalled, together with the sum of thenormal running currents of all othermotors and/or loads.

The main switch disconnector shallreliably isolate the electrical equipmentfrom the supply. It shall have one OFFand one ON position only, clearly markedwith 0 and I.

There must be a switchdisconnector! (EN 60201-1)A hand-operated main switch disconnector shall be provided for each incoming supply.When two or more main switch disconnectors are provided, protective interlocks shall be used where a hazardouscondition or damage to the machine or to the work in progress could occur.

The new way to think: definiti-on of isolating functionAccording to EN 60947, the rated impulse withstand voltage Uimp of themain contacts shall exceed the one stipulated for the correspondinginstallation class of IEC 644.The standard requires an isolating distance of the contacts correspondingto the isolation class. The old definition of isolating distance as such willnot be valid any more. According to EN 60947 the main switch disconnectorshall correspond at least to class III of IEC 644.

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The requirements of the standard EN 60947-1&7.1.6 for switch disconnectors

As a well-known worldwide manufacturer of switches ABB hasbeen active in developing new standard directives in order tomake switches safer and more user-friendly. The switchdisconnectors of the series SwitchLine, the switch fuses ofPowerLine as well as the local safety switches of SafeLineclearly fulfil the requirements of the new European directives.

Advantages of the ABB switchdisconnectors SwitchLine,PowerLine and SafeLine

Optimum disconnectors

The mechanism of the load switches from 45 Aup is constructed according to the principleQuick-make, quick-break.All switches are provided with a positive openingoperation.The rated impulse withstand voltage and air gapexceed the requirements for disconnectors inisolation classes III and/or IV. The positionindication is in all cases reliable. It is notpossible to lock a handle of an ABB-switch in the0 position, unless the required isolation isensured.The rated impulse withstand voltage Uimp notless than 8 kV is printed in the type plate.

Air gap

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It shall be possible to padlockthe handle in the open (OFF)position.

It shall not be possible to lockthe handle in the 0 position ifone of the contacts is not in theopen (OFF) position.

The position indicator cannot display the OFF position, until all contactsare open - also the welded ones - and a sufficient air gap exists betweenall contacts according to EN 60204. Alternatively, a visible isolatingdistance may be employed, where practicable.It is recommended that the colours of an external operating handle areblack or grey. Where the disconnector does not also serve as anemergency stop device, its operating handle may not be red.The handle of the disconnector shall be easily accessible and locatedbetween 0,6 m and 1,9 m above the servicing level; a maximum heightof 1,7 m is preferred.

Reliable position indicationprotects the user in thefollowing cases:

• The position of the handle indicates with complete reliability theexact position of the contacts in all circumstances.

• The position indicator in the switch body ensures the reliableposition indication of the contacts in case of an open door.

• The visible isolating distance, where practicable, increases thesafety of large switches.

• The position indication is also safe after several switch offs andshort circuits.

• The handle can not be padlocked in the 0 position if one of thecontacts is not in the OFF position.

• The creepage current between the contacts does not exceed thefollowing values with 10 % overvoltage:

New switches: 0,5 mAAfter switch on/switch off tests: 2 mAUnder no circumstances: 6 mA

Padlocking ofthe handle

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Position indication (definition)

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The switch mechanism is constructed sothat neither the handle when turned to theOFF position with a moderate power northe separate position indicator canindicate the switch off position if one of thecontacts has been welded together.

"Disconnector"Plates provided with text”Disconnector” are delivered as accessories.

The mechanism of all switches worksaccording to the so-called ”positive openingoperation” principle. This means that thecontacts do not open by strings but by solidmoving bridges.

Positive openingoperation of thecontacts

Padlocking of disconnectors

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Minimum installation time with the help ofsystem technology

Versatile mounting variaties ofSwitchLine switch disconnectors andPowerLine switch fuses allow spacesaving and easy mounting for everyapplication. The mounting variationsinclude modular, base mounting andfront door mounting.

The side wall is often a practical andspace saving solution.

Mounting on the door by snap-ontechnique saves time.

Versatile mounting possibilities ofswitches save space and allow easyinstallation

Mounting without screws andadapting mounting allow easyinstallation while the smalldimensions help minimize thevolume of a unit while optimizing theconnecting.

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Optimum connecting technologyOptimum connecting technology with protected terminal shrouds allowseasy mounting and saves space needed for small switches.

Concerning bigger switches the high blade terminal location allows easymounting of double cables. That is why there is no need to additionalspacions cable terminals.

The snap-onmounting of theprotected terminalshrouds

The protected terminal shrouds,which are easily mounted by snap-on technique, increase the safetylevel and do not require additionalisolation space.

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Cost reduction Mounting

Accessories

Switches

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Traditionelswitch

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Easy mounting

The switch disconnectors can be easilyinstalled in panels of different depths.(adjustable shaft of telescopic type)

Easy mounting

The uniform auxiliary contactswith snap-on mounting for thewhole series decrease thestoring and installation costs,which in turn decreases thecosts of a mounted disconnector.The maximum amount ofauxiliary contacts of a series isfrom 4 to 18 pieces dependingon the type of disconnector.The base mounting shall bedone by screws or by DIN-railfixing.

Mounting on the door shall bedone either by screws or bysnap-on mounting in order tosave installation time.

Neither switch disconnectors orswitch fuses need additionalspace for spark extinguishing.For this reason the switchesoffer the user more in the areasof connecting space, saving intime, safety and visibility.

Lower mountingcosts

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International switches of ABBfor a world-wide distribution

The international sales network of ABB takes care of our clients everywhere, where new or replacement switchesare needed whether the requirements are of a European, international or American standard.

The SwitchLine switch disconnectors and PowerLine switch fuses as well as SafeLine safety switches areinternational products. Our world-wide logistics and modern EDI-contacts support our efforts to always see theclient as the most important factor.

The AAB switches correspondwith the requirements• DIN-EN 60947-1• DIN-EN 60947-3• DIN-EN 60664-1• DIN-EN 60204-1• IEC 204-1• IEC 947-1,3• IEC 664-1• UL 508, 98• CSA C22.2• VDE 0660 Part 1• VDE 0113 Part 1

Approvals

• KEMA• ASTA• Underwriter Laboratories (UL)• Canadian Standards

Association (CSA)• DEMKO• NEMKO• SEMKO• Finnish Electrical Inspectorate• Germanischer Lloyd• Lloyd's Register of Shipping• Polish Register of Shipping• Det Norske Veritas• Bureau Veritas

The series of the SwitchLine switch disconnectors fit for every standard distribution and motor controlapplications giving optimum value for money in every application.

Self-divergent plastic parts are used, where it is technically possible.Heavy metals are avoided in the production process. Cadmium is notused as contact material. Packaging is produced using recycled materials.

Environmentally-friendly new loadbreak switches and packages

ABB OyP.O.Box 622FI-65101 VaasaFinlandTel. +358 10 22 4000Fax +358 10 22 45708

Documents

Main switches in accordance with European standard directives · 2021. 2. 15. · ABB Switches in accordance with EU Directives ION The requirements of the standard EN 60947-1&7.1.6