R1

10K

R2

33K

C1

10P

C2

103

R3

680

TR1

2SC1675L

C3

103

R4

220

C4100P

TR22SC1675L

TR32SC1730L

R6 47K

R8

330

R7

2K

7

R9

68

C5

473

C6

103

L22001

C7 102

D2

IN60A

M

D1

IN60A

M

TR42SC945AQ

C8

82P

R10

100K

C9

103

C10

0.4

7U

/50V

C11

330P

R11

10K

R12

6K

8

R13470K

TR52SC945AQ

TR62SA733P

R15

330

R1410K

D3IN4148

C15 330P

R16 3K3

TR72SC945P

C14

103

C277

103

R18

1K

FL1CF455HT

TR82SC1674L

R223K3

TR92SC1675L

R17

2K

2

R19

68K

R21180

R20

330

R23

2K

7

C16

473

D6IN4148

L3 2002

R24

2K

2

R252K7

C53

103

D125

1N

4148

TR10

R26100

R29270

TR112SC1675L*2

R27

100K

C18M473

R25150

C1910U/25V

L4 2002

R30100

C2010U/25V

C21560P

C2268P

R316K8

C23473

L5 2003

C2515P/CH

R32100

C26

47U

R33

1K

C27M0.01

C28M102

R34 1.5M

C29270P

R35

0

D7

IN4148R36

100K

R37

82K

R38

39K

R42 100KR41 100K

R44680

R43270K

D8IN4148

R274270K

R47 3K9

R46 100K

C33M473

D11

D10IN60P*2

C3247U/10V

R503K9

D9IN4148

C30472

R39 220K

TR13

2SC945P*2

R513K3

VR110KB

D12

IN4148

R5547K

C35

47U

/10V

R56

1K

R583K3

C36

M102

C37

47U

/10V

R59

1K

TR152SC945P

R62

10K

C41M0.0056

R5 330 R142 4K7

R57

10K

C39M104

R6110K

TR16

2SC945P

R60470

C4022U/25V

C13M222

C12

10U

/25V

C17

473

R103 270K

R254 6K8

C38

M0.0

22

R53 1K

C241U/50V

D14 IN4148 VR4 50KB

C42472

D16

MC301

C44

10U/25V

D15MC301

C43

24P

/CH

R257 2K2

C45472

L62004

C48

473

C47

102

TR0172SC1674L

C49

10P

C50

102P

R67

2K

2

R682K2

R66

1K

L72005

C528P L8

2022J310TR18

C55

102

C56

102

R73

100

L112007

C585P/CH

C595P/CH

FL2E10.7S

R76

6K

8

R75 68K

R63

6K

8

C46

472

R64

2K

2

R74

1K

5

C217

102

R69

100

C620.047

C66473

TR232SC945P

D23 IN60P*2

R95

3K

3

R923

10K

D24

R97100K

R98100K

C711U/50V

D26IN4148

D113

IN4148

D28

IN4148

R190 1K8 VR22 10K

C70

220P

R9968K

R100

1M

R101

68K

R54 47K

67

66

65

64

63

62

61

C333

10U/25V

R1212K2

R120

1K

C88

473

R110

1K

TR

24

2S

C1675L

R111 220K

C82270P/UJ

C80

15P

/CH

X110.24MHZ

C83

56PF C85390P/UJ

C81

68P

/CH

R116

27K

C102

0.0

47U

/16V

C101T2.2U/16V

R93010K

IC011ALM358M

R931

100K

R932 100K

R93310K

C413

47uF

C412

103

R934

220

R125

100

C97

560

R11810K

C100M102

D95

SV

C251

C91 390P/CH

R119220K

C86100P

C87222

D31 D32

IN4148*2

C92 27P

R1236K8

R113

10K

R114

6K

8

C93560P

C94

270P

TR252SC1675L

R106

180

R11256

C7815P

R83220K

TR262SC1675L

R104

1K

5

C99

103

D65A D65B

R162 100

C1

99

330U

F/1

6V

R167100K

R16

910K

R16615K

R16

8470K

D71IN4148

R1

71

47K

C135

473

R178

4K

7

TR322SC945P

R1763K3

R1771K2

D70IN4148

D116

7V

5

R276 100

R209 1K

R259 3K3

R210

680K

C156

47U

/10V

TR422SC945A

R208470

C155M104

C159

M473

R2051K8

R207

4K

7

R115

680

C98 10P

C95

220U

/16V

R105

56

C80 10P

D33

R109 10K

C96473

D123 IN4148

C77

10P

R10710K

C79473

D20

IN414

8

IC4NJM4558D

R164 10K

R256 220C1291u/50V

D6

6IN

4148

IC1 TA324

C1

27

473

C128 0.22U/16V

R17312K

R1741K

C130102

D114

IN4148

D61

IN414

8

IC5 KS8805B

L15

R12233

C90

10

0U

/16V

C1

04

0.0

47

D40

35V

6

C84

473

R402

10K

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

IC1

0T

A7

31

0P

C224

5P

R124 47L24

R126560

C107103

R127 1K

L5022UH

C230103

C108100U

C76 39P

C225 10P

C10639P

C120120P

X213.5600MHZ

R156 1K

L2212258

C7568P/UJ

C226100P

C105 102

C1090

R128 3K3 R401

10K

C4

01

4.7

U

TR4012SC945

C1

10

M103

C2

20

4.7

U/5

0V

TR362SA1282

TR372SC945P

R1931.5K

D765.1V

R19522K

R19410K

D77C

D77B

D77A

R196680

TR382SA1282

C143

1U

/50V

R19856

D79B

D79A

R199 47

R2001K

R20147K

TR412SB1566

TR402SC945AQ

D787.5V

D83

IN60P

C144

10

2

TR342SA733P

R175470

C13310U/25V

D81

IN4148 IC8

KIA7217A

C916M222

R202100

C15022U/10V

C151

33U

/25V

C148100P

C1470.47U

C915220P

C914683

C14647U/10V

C145470U

TR9122SC945

R926

10K

D80IN4148

R19710K

C4020.01U

R401100

ANT503

R92747K

R9261K

C406103

R2

13

10

K 1

/2W

C159

103

C158

100P

/CH

C160

150P

CH

C1610.5P

D86IN4148

D87IN4148

C402120P CH

C403

100P

CH

C164

1U

/50V

VR

8100K

L318T5 L51 L52

3T5*2

C165A

100P

C165

220P

C166

560

C166A

560

C404

0.0

1U

/50V

YF

C211

220P

C168

103(M

)

C169

104

C167A

180P

C167

180P

TR56

2SC1969

L54

R27122UH

R270 47

VR20 100

C210 104

D141 IN4001

TR432SC1969

L35

R21622UH

R215 47

VR10 100

C173 104

D89 IN4001

R217

150

R272

150

C208

68P

C209

39

0P

/UJ

TR442SC2166C

L47

R21822

C361 103

D88 IN4001

C171

470 U

J

L39

6T

5

C175A

220P

VR111K

C170

68P

L36

C172

104

C174

2.2

U/5

0V

D90

L34

C175390P/UJ

L37

4T

L38

C176

103

TR452SC2314

R220

4.7

C177

103

L605T5

R222

330

R221

2K

2

C400

220P

C178470P

R223

150

TR461906

C179

472

R224

47

R225

330

R226

1K

2

C180

180P

L4012014

L4220105

C1825PF C189 473

R240 560

R24110

C190100U/16V

C192

2SC945P

D91IN4148

TR49

M102

R2395K6

C191M473

TR512SB688

C242

10K

C212 M104

TR532SC945P

R24947K

R2488K2

R247

100K

R245

3K

3

R2461K5

TR542SC945P R250

3K3

D509IN4148

D510IN4148

R928 1K

TR522SC945

R243680

R929

10K

C193

2U

2

R251 4K7

C407

473

J51IN4148

C188

473

R230

100

C183

103

R219 150

TR407

TR406

TR404 TR405

TR402TR403

R407470

R408470

L442007

R4052K2

R406

2K

2

D501D502D503

D504

R410 8K2

L432010

R4091K2

R231100

C4115P

TR302SC1675L

C115270P

C114150P

R1511K

R15210K

R15310K

X410.965MHZ

C113103

D94 IN4148R154 220

R232 560

D921N4148

VR141KB

C200

103

C201

103

C202

473

C203

473

C204

473

C218

473

C216

473

C332

472

C335

472

VR13 5KB

VR21 1KB

D508 IN4148

VR21A 470

R252 820

C195

4700U

/16V D93

IN5400

T1TF083

D29IN4007

M501 S/RF

S501NB

OFF

ANL

RF GAIN1KB

1

3

4

2

C504102

C502 472

C503102

L501

C507103

C506103

PL501LED

S501

SPEAKER

J502EXT SP

VR504 1KAMIC GAIN

R187 10K

J501PA.SP

R196102

C197 102

R140B10K

R140A1K

L12000

L122008

L102007

C51

0.0

1

TP2

MICROPHONE

MIKE

TX

J504

DC13.8V

C111

473

R17

0100K

C194

1000U

/25V

OFF

MIC JACK

D501-D504IN4148*4

21

22

BL

13.8V

B+

26

27

282930

313233

34

35

36

37

48 J108

46

G2

G1

43

PO

8V

38

39

40

L333T5*2

DELAY

VR507

R45100K

CLK

DI

EN

VCO SW ABCD/EFGH BAND

C187 M223 R235 15K

RX

TX

RX

IC2AUPC1028H

1

2

34

5 67

1 2 3 4 5 6 78910

11

12

13

14

12

345

6

7

8 9

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 891

0

11

12

13

14

15

16

L502

VR510KB

D30

SV

C251

C4

16

10U

C4

15

103

R935330

IC001B

C11

0.0

1uF

R7

100K

R6

220K

IC001ALM2904

R14100K

R15100K

D1 IN4148

C2

2.2

u/5

0V

C910U/25V

TR022SC945

R103K3

C10

473

5

67

48

C12

2.2

U/5

0V

C7

1u

VR150K

R9220K

R815K

C8104

12

3

R5100K

R11200K

R13

330K

R121M C1

1U/35V

R402150

C4010.01U

D401

IN60

D402

IN60

R237 100

S508

SWR DET PCBX 9306

TOP GUN PCB

S503

OFF

ON3

4

1

2

7

6

5

TR502SB1185

TP3

1 2 3 45678

TP1

L41

TR402-TR4072SC3356L

Meter

L172017

L182010

4

5

67

8

PCBX-9709

SWR SWITCHPCBX-0309R3

LEVEL

MAGNUM S-9 (Draft)

All changes are subject for better performance without further notice

10 METER HF AMATEUR MOBILE TRANSCEIVER SCHEMTIC

NOTE:

ACS-MDLR-001

MAIN BOARD

R9174K7

R916

4K

7

C1

03

5P

J101

PCBX-9821R17

C571UF

VR503

1

23

4

53

54

EXT SP

RX AMP

C213102

50KB50kA

TB/AMTVR505

GRDRX

TX AF

G1

G2

MIC

J3J5J4

J2

J1

J12

J13

J14

TX

GRD

AF IN

MIC

G2

TX

PA

PO

G2

IN

OUT

GND

GND

RX AMP

EXT SP

PCBX-0319R1

ECHO/TALK BACK BOARDP5

GND

ECHO

ON/OFF

PA

WH

2

RD

2

RD

1

WH

1

MOD PCBACS-CPSR-001

1

2

67

J108

G1

P103

64

63

62

61J103

G1

J108

55

56

G1

55

56

P2 TX

G2

AF IN

P3

WH

2

RD

2

RD

1

WH

1

P5

P1

J108

P108

46

G2

MIC

P5

P14

J108

J101

P13IN

OUT

GND

CO

XIA

L W

IRE

CO

XIA

L W

IRE

CO

XIA

L W

IRE

VR501

POWER SW

VR50150KA

P108

P101

43

G1

48

B+

J104

J103

J102A

J109 P109 26

27

P108

P101BL

G1

P4

13.8

V

GN

D

TX

G

POWER SOURCE GND

CHASSIS GND

8V

J1 P1

J2J2

J1

J1

J102

P1

P1 P2 P2

P101 P108

G13.8

V

J104

P12

TALK BACK

ECHO

RE

F

RE

F

LED COM

FW

D

PO

WE

R L

IM

SW

R A

LE

RT G

8V8V

FW

D

G

POWER LIM

SWR ALERT ON/OFF

PA

PA GND

GND

SP GND

VR506RF POWER

P102A 53

54

5KA

20KA

VR50250KBR924 10K

SQ

P108

66

65

G1

P1

SWR ALERT

G

VOLUME

C600.01

D5IN4148

R78

5K

6R

77

4K

7

D17IN4148

C61

0.0

47

FL310.695MC

D18IN4148

R7910K

R801K

R81

1K

5

D19IN4148

R821K2

R1298K2

C63 0.01

R8422K

D21IN4148

R855K6

TR192SC1674L

R86680

C640.01

L132001

C650.047

C67100P

TR202SC1675L

R8947K

R90

1.5

K

TR212SC1675L TR22

2SC1906

R92

270

150

R93

0.0

47

C68

L142009

R94

68

0.0

1C

69

R96 22K C72 5P C74 15P

C3427p

D22 IN4148

R91

1K

R88 100D4 IN4148

IC3AN612

C12210V 47U

R161100

R159270K

C2050.01

VR710K8

C1210.01

R260270K

C124100P

TR272SC945AQ

R158 3.3K D63 IN4148

C12525V 0.1A

R1635.6k

R16015K

C126

25V

2.2

UC12318P

R255

470

D124SVC251

R134100K

R13515K

C107103

C108100U

D59

D57

D58

R1552K2

L26 12016

L27 12016

L28 12013

C116

39P

C117

150

P

C118

39P

L29 470UH

L30 470UH

R149

4K

7

R157

1K

R150

1K

R130 1K

R131 1K

R132 1K

C229

10

2

C228

10

2

C227

10

2

L19 12012

L20 12012

L21 12012

D34

D36

D35R275 560

C231 102

S507

J104 J101

S504

J1008V

GNDJ107 J105 J106

J103

J103

A

H

US

B

LS

B +5KHZ

+10KHZ

J200

SW200J201

SW200

PCBX-0334R3

LED DRIVER BOARD

PCBX-0335R3

PCBX-0333R2

MCU BOARD

CHANNELFREQUENCY

Q3

2SC945P*2

Q1

BURD

P102

TX

RX

GND

8V

Q2

R510K

R410K

FOR SWR

J1-2

O/P LP

TR14

R523K3

VR210KB

D25 IN4148

D13 IN4148 VR3 50KB

BACK LIGHT

LED BOARD

DISPLAY BOARD

S505

S506A

S506B

D603

D604

D601

D602

PAFMAMUSBLSB

PAFMAMUSBLSB

J108 P108 1818

P103

P104

P104

GND

SP GND

PA

PA GND

34

35

36

37

8V

38

39

40

2

3

4

5

6

71

C1190.001

D624148

C1200.047

L25470uH

D64 IN4148

R233 1.8K

R40 820K

C4

16

102

C3306P

R102 1K

C73 15P

D74

D49 IN4148

IN4148*4D601-D604

TX

VR508

J102

C163100P

C1625P

TR472SC1675L

R2141K

D60

VR1210KB

R228

470

R22918K

R2271K5

J107

C1850.01U

R283

2K

2

C3360.068U

2SC945*2

Q4

R547K

R85K6

FOR LED DRIVER

J2

C210U

C368

8V

LED COMBOARD J201

G

R6

R2

R1834K7

J181220K

R1802K2

R1793M6

R1824K7

C1300.015

C1380.0047

C137

TR332SC945

D82

IN4148

J108

C1342U2

RB

8V

P108

S502

RB

OFF

J106

R1371K

R14147

R901 10K

R1381K8R911

10K

D39

TR9012SC945

TH01 5KC9100.01U

49

54

53

52

51

50VR510 1KB FINE

VR509 20KB COARSEP106

13.8V

TP9TP8

TP7

49

54

53

52

51

50

BAND SWDIMMER SW

+10K SW

BU

R139 10K

R140 10K

R210K

TR012SC945

J2POWER PROTECT

R22100

TR032SC945

R310K

P2

RX

8V

J2

D2

IN4148

R110K

RX 8VJ2

P2POWER PROTECT

D506 IN4148

MAGNUM S9 EXPORT FREQUENCY CONVERSION

Introduction:

The Magnum S9 is programmed for the 10 Meter Amateur Band out of the box, and covers a range of 28.065 -

28.525 MHz. The frequency range can be extended for Export Use in 8 Band segments each containing 40

Channels. These 8 bands can be programmed to any combination of Eight 40 channel blocks between

25.615 - 30.555 MHz. The radio can also be programmed to cover all frequencies in 10 KHz or 5 KHz steps

between 26.000 - 32.990 MHz. (See Programming Mode)

10 Meter Only Mode:

The default setting from the factory covers only 4 bands between 28.065 MHz - 28.525 MHz. The jumper

setting for this is JP1, JP2, JP3 = OFF and JP4 = ON.

Export Mode:

This mode is pre-set to 8 Bands between 25.615 MHz - 29.205 MHz. The jumper setting for this mode is

JP1 = ON JP2,JP3 = OFF JP4 = ON.

Programming Mode:

This feature allows the radio to be setup into 8 separate bands, each individually programmed to cover any

40 channel segments you choose between 25.165 - 30.555 MHz. For instance, if you wanted Bands A and B

to be setup to cover 25.165 - 26.055 MHz, Band C to be the CB Band 26.965 - 27.405 MHz, then Bands D, E,

and F to cover 10 Meters at 28.315 - 29.655 MHz, the “Programming Mode” can be used to set this up.

Disconnect the wires from the power source after programming the unit to insure that the CPU (Computer)

will reset properly. Set the radio’s Band Selector to position A. Using 2 short bare wires, jump the pins of JP2

and JP4 (JP1 & JP3 = OFF) Notice that the Channel Display now indicates a letter A through L instead of the

Channel number. Temporarily short the pins of JP1 on the Channel Board using another short wire. Notice

that the Channel Display advances to the next Band Letter each time the pins of JP1 are shorted. Continue

advancing the letters on the display until you see the desired band for Position A of the Band Selector. Move

the Band selector to position B, and again short the jumper pins of JP1 until you see your choice for Band B.

Repeat this for each of the 8 Band positions and when the last is done, move the Jumpers to this order to

Lock them into Memory. JP1 = ON JP2, JP3 = OFF JP4 = ON

This radio is also capable of covering the entire frequency range between 26.000 MHz - 32.990 MHz in

10 KHz steps or in 5 KHz steps (10 KHz Front Panel = OFF) JP1 = ON JP2 = OFF JP3 - ON JP4 = OFF

Jumper DiagramChannel Board

Copyright (C) 2004 - www.cbtricks.com

Note: See Programming Mode for more info:JP102 Jumper Block

JP1JP2JP3JP4

10M/Band Select/Export FrequencyProgram Mode/Lock BandsNormal Spacing/10 KHz/5 KHz5 Digit/6 Digit Frequency Display

JP1

JP2

JP3

JP4

OFF = 10 Meter Band ON = Export Band

OFF = LOCKED ON = Program Mode

OFF = Normal Steps ON = 10 KHz/5 KHz

ON = 5 Digit AM/FMOFF = 6 Digit All Mode

JP1 sets 10M, Selects Band, or Export Band

JP2 sets the Programming Mode On or Lock

JP3 sets Channel Spacing to Normal or --

10 KHz - 5 KHz using Front Panel 10 KHz Sw.

JP4 sets the Frequency Display to 5 or 6 digits

Remove Metal Cover

PCBX-0335R3A

JP1

JP4

JP3

JP2

MAGNUM S9 EXPORT FREQUENCY CONVERSION

Ch. Band A Band B Band C Band D Band E Band F Band G Band H Band I Band J Band L

1 25.615 26.065 26.515 26.965 27.415 27.865 28.315 28.765 29.215 29.665 30.115

2 25.625 26.075 26.525 26.975 27.425 27.875 28.325 28.775 29.225 29.675 30.125

3 25.635 26.085 26.535 26.985 27.435 27.885 28.335 28.785 29.235 29.685 30.135

4 25.655 26.105 26.555 27.005 27.455 27.905 28.355 28.805 29.255 29.705 30.155

5 25.665 26.115 26.565 27.015 27.465 27.915 28.365 28.815 29.265 29.715 30.165

6 25.675 26.125 26.575 27.025 27.475 27.925 28.375 28.825 29.275 29.725 30.175

7 25.685 26.135 26.585 27.035 27.485 27.935 28.385 28.835 29.285 29.735 30.185

8 25.705 26.155 26.605 27.055 27.505 27.955 28.405 28.855 29.305 29.755 30.205

9 25.715 26.165 26.615 27.065 27.515 27.965 28.415 28.865 29.315 29.765 30.215

10 25.725 26.175 26.625 27.075 27.525 27.975 28.425 28.875 29.325 29.775 30.225

11 25.735 26.185 26.635 27.085 27.535 27.985 28.435 28.885 29.335 29.785 30.235

12 25.755 26.205 26.655 27.105 27.555 28.005 28.455 28.905 29.355 29.805 30.255

13 25.765 26.215 26.665 27.115 27.565 28.015 28.465 28.915 29.365 29.815 30.265

14 25.775 26.225 26.675 27.125 27.575 28.025 28.475 28.925 29.375 29.825 30.275

15 25.785 26.235 26.685 27.135 27.585 28.035 28.485 28.935 29.385 29.835 30.285

16 25.805 26.255 26.705 27.155 27.605 28.055 28.505 28.955 29.405 29.855 30.305

17 25.815 26.265 26.715 27.165 27.615 28.065 28.515 28.965 29.415 29.865 30.315

18 25.825 26.275 26.725 27.175 27.625 28.075 28.525 28.975 29.425 29.875 30.325

19 25.835 26.285 26.735 27.185 27.635 28.085 28.535 28.985 29.435 29.885 30.335

20 25.855 26.305 26.755 27.205 27.655 28.105 28.555 29.005 29.455 29.905 30.355

21 25.865 26.315 26.765 27.215 27.665 28.115 28.565 29.015 29.465 29.915 30.365

22 25.875 26.325 26.775 27.225 27.675 28.125 28.575 29.025 29.475 29.925 30.375

23 25.905 26.355 26.805 27.255 27.705 28.155 28.605 29.055 29.505 29.955 30.405

24 25.885 26.335 26.785 27.235 27.685 28.135 28.585 29.035 29.485 29.935 30.385

25 25.895 26.345 26.795 27.245 27.695 28.145 28.595 29.045 29.495 29.945 30.395

26 25.915 26.365 26.815 27.265 27.715 28.165 28.615 29.065 29.515 29.965 30.415

27 25.925 26.375 26.825 27.275 27.725 28.175 28.625 29.075 29.525 29.975 30.425

28 25.935 26.385 26.835 27.285 27.735 28.185 28.635 29.085 29.535 29.985 30.435

29 25.945 26.395 26.845 27.295 27.745 28.195 28.645 29.095 29.545 29.995 30.445

30 25.955 26.405 26.855 27.305 27.755 28.205 28.655 29.105 29.555 30.005. 30.455

31 25.965 26.415 26.865 27.315 27.765 28.215 28.665 29.115 29.565 30.015 30.465

32 25.975 26.425 26.875 27.325 27.775 28.225 28.675 29.125 29.575 30.025 30.475

33 25.985 26.435 26.885 27.335 27.785 28.235 28.685 29.135 29.585 30.035 30.485

34 25.995 26.445 26.895 27.345 27.795 28.245 28.695 29.145 29.595 30.045 30.495

35 26.005 26.455 26.905 27.355 27.805 28.255 28.705 29.155 29.605 30.055 30.505

36 26.015 26.465 26.915 27.365 27.815 28.265 28.715 29.165 29.615 30.065 30.515

37 26.025 26.475 26.925 27.375 27.825 28.275 28.725 29.175 29.625 30.075 30.525

38 26.035 26.485 26.935 27.385 27.835 28.285 28.735 29.185 29.635 30.085 30.535

39 26.045 26.495 26.945 27.395 27.845 28.295 28.745 29.195 29.645 30.095 30.545

40 26.055 26.505 26.955 27.405 27.855 28.305 28.755 29.205 29.655 30.105 30.555

Frequency Chart

Copyright (C) 2004 - www.cbtricks.com

Note The VCO coil (behind channel board) may have to be re-adjusted for band coverage above 30 MHz

Transmit Power above 29.990 MHz is Not Guaranteed.

JP1 = ON JP2 = OFF JP3 = OFF JP4 = ON (EXPORT BAND)

Programming Notes:

* Replace the Metal Cover on the Channel Board after programming to reduce receiver noise.

* The Channel Display Does Not Indicate Channels in the 10 KHz or 5 KHz Modes.

* Jumper JP4 sets 5 Digit (AM/FM Only) or 6 Digit (All Modes) Frequency Display.