INPUT OUTPUT AND MEMORY DEVICES

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Our Expert team

INPUT DEVICES Input devices are used to feed

input to the computer in various forms.

Some main input devices are:- 1.Keyboard 2.Mouse 3.Microphone

A keyboard contains a matrix of switches(one switch per key)

KEYBOARD

Keyboard is a typewriter like device which is used to type in the letters, digits and commands.

It is a pointing device with a roller on its base. Mouse controls movement of pointer on screen. When a mouse moves on a flat surface, the cursor on the screen also moves in the direction of it’s movement

THE MOUSE

• We can send sound input to computer through a special input device called microphone. A mic converts the sound received into computer’s format, which is called digitized sound.

• A mic can work if your computer has a special hardware known as sound card.

MICROPHONE

Output devices produced output of the machine in human readable form.

Some most common output devices are:-

MonitorsPrinters Speakers

OUTPUT DEVICES

• It is an output device which displays information like television. The picture of on a monitor is made of tiny coloured dots called pixels. They are of two types:-

• Cathode Ray Tube( CRT)

• Liquid Crystal Display( or “TFT” Display)

MONITORS

PRINTERSA most convenient and useful method by which the computer can deliver information is by means of printed characters.They can be divided in two categories 1.Impact printers. In these printers, there is mechanical contact between the print head and paper.2. Non-impact printers. In these printers, there is no mechanical contact between the print head and paper.

• THE MEMORY DEVIDED IN TWO PARTS

THE MEMORY DEVICES

1.PRIMARY MEMORY

2.SECONDRY MEMORY

PRIMARY MEMORY The memory inside the CPU is primary memory. It is divided in two parts:-

RAM(Random access

memory)

ROM(Read-only-

memory)

• It is called random access memory.• In RAM, any cell can be accessed from any desired

random location. Information can be read from and written into in RAM.

• It has two types:-• 1. Dynamic RAM (DRAM) and• 2. Static RAM (SRAM)

RAM

• It is called read-only-memory.• It is a memory unit that performs the read operation

only; it does not have a write capability .It is a non-volatile memory.

• There are various types of ROM • .

ROM

Programmable Read Only Memory(PROM)

Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory(EPROM)

Electrically Erasable PROM(EEPROM)

SECONDARY MEMORY

The memory outside the CPU is called secondary memory.

The most common secondary storage devices are:-

Hard

disks

Floppy

disks

CD ROMs DVDs

• In this hard disks and floppy disks are presented.• Hard disk⇒It is a type of magnetic disk in which

information is stored in the form of cylinders, tracks, sectors. Its capacity of stored information is 40GB to 320GB.

• Floppy disk⇒This is also a magnetic disks which stored about 1.44MB of memory.

MAGNETIC DISKS

• In this compact discs and digital versatile discs( DVDs) are present.

• CD( compact discs)⇒These are optical media, and it has three main types:-

• CD-ROM⇒ This is used only to store information and cannot be used to store data.

• CD-R⇒ Data can be recorded on these disks only once. These are recordable.

• CD-RW⇒ It is an erasable disk one can write on multiple times. It stand for rewritable disks.

OPTICAL DISKS CD

DVDs• It stand for digital video disk.• A DVD is also called Super Density

disk(SD), it can hold up to 17 gigabytes of data or four hours of movie on a side.

• DVDS can store 4.7GB to 17GB data.• DVDs also come in three varieties.(i) DVD-ROM-Digital Video Disks-Read Only

Memory.(ii)DVD-R (DVD-Recordable).(iii)DVD-RW (DVD-Rewritable).

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